托福基础语法课件市公开课一等奖省赛课微课金奖课件

语法常见错误7宗罪第1页第一宗罪：Employeecangetmorebenefitsfromtelecommutingthanemployer.名词employee和employer被“裸体”使用了。更正：theemployee;theemployer employees;employers第2页第二宗罪：（1）Workathome，usingmoderntechnology，cangreatlyenhanceourefficiency.简单句里谓语动词多于一个。workworking（2）Childrenwhoareraiseinpoorfamiliescangenerallydealwithproblemsmoreeffectivelyintheiradultyears.被动语态raiseraised第3页（3）Theproblemsthatarecreatedbyenvironmentalcontaminationisveryhardtoresolve.主谓不一致，problemsisisare（4）Manystudentsarelikestudyinghomeeconomics.两个动词……去掉are第4页（5）Inpresent-daysociety,cultureswerebecomingverysimilar.前后时态矛盾！wereare第5页第三宗罪Intelligentstudentsshouldnotbetreateddifferentbytheirteachers.修饰动词treat应该用副词differentdifferently第6页第四宗罪（1）Countriesshouldpayattentiononthedisadvantagesthatglobalizationmaycreate.介词搭配错误payattentiontoreasonfor…&solutionto…第7页（2）TheInternethasinsteadofteachersinmanyclassrooms.insteadof不是动词，而是介词短语。replace或者supplantinsteadofreplacedorsupplanted第8页第五宗罪Someparentsdonotobeytrafficruleshimself.代词指代复数名词错误himselfthemselves第9页第六宗罪SomepeoplethinktheInternetonlyhaspositiveimpact,otherpeoplethinkitalsohasnegativeinfluenceonourlives.缺乏连词或者句号（分号）while第10页第七宗罪Thereareagreatmanychildrenthinkthemainpurposeofeducationshouldbetoaffordthempleasureandenjoyment.Therebe句型后面名词再加动词时不要用动词原形！！！thinkthinking第11页练习1.Conflictsmayarisebetweentouristandlocalresident.

可数名词裸体了！第12页2.Growupinapoorfamilymakessomechildrenfeeltheyarenotascapableasotherchildren.动词不能作主语！第13页3.Someeventsarenotreportbythemediainadependableway.被动语态be+v-ed!!!第14页4.Thegovernmentsofallcountriesonthisplanetisbeginningtorealizetheseverityofwatershortage.主谓一致性！！！第15页5.Ingeneral,computershelpstudentslearnthingsmoreeffectively,computergamesmaylowertheirefficiency.缺乏连接词！！！第16页6.Therearenumerouscountriesintheworldsufferfrompoverty.Therebe句型！！！第17页7.FastfoodisinsteadingoftraditionalChinesefoodinmanyChinesecities.insteadof不能用作动词！！第18页插入语第19页在一个句子中间插入一个成份,它不作句子何种成份,也不和句子何种成份发生结构关系,同时既不起连接作用,这个成份称之插入语。第20页插入语结构Tocasualobservers,aswellastoinfluentialnaturalscientistsandregionalplanners,theluxuriantforestsofAmazoniaseemageless.第21页插入语结构Over120yearsago,theEnglishbotanistJ.D.Hooker,writingofAustralianeatableplants,suggestedthatmanyofthemwereeatablebutnotwortheating.第22页插入语结构Inrelationshipsofmutualdependence,suchasbetweenlabourandmanagementorwithinanorganizationofafamily,thequestionofwhoismorepowerfulturnsonwhoislessdependentontheother.第23页插入语结构副词插入语Thiswillaffectthejobmarket,which,afterall,isakeytargetinanyeconomicplan.第24页

介词短语作插入语Sportsstarsandpopstars,forexample,aresoonreplacedbythenextyounger,moreenergeticgeneration.第25页不定式短语作插入结构Totellyouthetruth,Ihaven’tboughtanythingforayear.老实对你说Itwasn’taverygooddinner,tosaytheleastofit.最少能够这么说第26页惯用作插入语副词：obviously,frankly,naturally,surely,nonetheless,undoubtedly惯用作插入语形容词或短语：strangetosay,worstofall,mostimportantofall惯用作插入语介词短语：infact,forinstance,惯用作插入语分词短语：generallyspeaking,franklyspeaking,……….惯用作插入语不定式短语：Tobesure,tosumup,totellthetruth第27页强调句第28页强调句Itis＋被强调部分＋that（who）＋原句其它部分注意：谓语不能强调第29页Itisinmarketeconomythatthepriceofdifferentcommoditiesandservicesarealwayschanging.第30页It

isproteinthatspiderscanmakeinanenvironmentallyfriendlywaysimilartothewaymammalsmakemilk.Spiderscanmakeproteininanenvironmentallyfriendlywaysimilartothewaymammalsmakemilk.第31页倒装句第32页倒装句倒装：谓语动词全部或者部分放到了主语前面，这么句子被称为倒装句完全倒装部分倒装第33页完全倒装Thebuscomeshere. Herecomesthebus.Abeautifulgirlsitsinfrontofme. Infrontofmesitsabeautifulgirl.第34页部分倒装第二种倒装：部分倒装主语和助动词位置颠倒，而动词依然放在主语后面第35页部分倒装Innowayshouldwelietoourparents.OnlyinthiswaycanwelearnEnglishwell.第36页词第37页碰到不会写单词怎么办？（1）上位概念

用一个稍微简单，不过含有概括效果词汇（2）同义替换

稍作解释，让阅卷人能懂即可第38页Q1：孙老师很变态。“变态”怎样翻译？-------BT-------与正常人不一样

bedifferentfromnormalpeople

第39页Q2：“宫爆鸡丁”怎样翻译？------achickeninthecourt------adishwhichismadeofchickenandpeanuts第40页Q3：一帮人拿着铁锹、锄头植树去了。“铁锹、锄头”怎么翻译？-----tools------thetoolswhichareusedtoplanttrees第41页Q4：“老百姓”怎样翻译？----

oldhundredsex----thegeneralpublic；ordinarypeople第42页Q5：“帕金森综合征”怎样翻译-----

aseriousdisease第43页Q6：“鲜花怒放”怎样翻译----Flowersangrilyopen-----“鲜花完全盛开”-----

Flowersareinfullbloom.第44页Q7：“孝敬”老人怎样翻译-----Filial-----尊重和照料老人------

respectandtakegoodcareof第45页Q8：“胸有成竹”怎样翻译----

havebamboosinone'schest-----有信心-----beconfident第46页总之，碰到不会翻译概念有2种方法：（1）上位概念（2）同义替换第47页句第48页（1）长句优先标准（2）句型多变标准第49页长句优先标准（1）定语从句任何一个名词后面都能够加上一个定语从句对之进行解释（2）并列结构排山倒海

and前后加上意思相近结构相同短语或者单词（3）套话凑数

4大套话，能够用于任何一句话前面第50页定语从句第51页例1：Honestmerchantswillsufferagreatdestruction.-----本句讲假冒伪劣商品危害第一步：找名词：merchantdestruction第二步：加定从：第52页Honestmerchants，

whoobserverulesandregulationsandproducehigh-qualitygoods，

willsufferagreatdestructionwhichisdetrimentaltotheirproduction.

第53页例2：

Factorieshavedischargedgasandliquid.第一步：找名词：factoriesgasandliquid第二步：加定从：第54页Factories,whichbringtheirownershugeprofits,havedischargedgasandliquidthatmayexertaseriouslynegativeinfluenceonthesurroundingenvironment.

第55页并列结构排山倒海

and前后加上意思相近结构相同短语或者单词第56页例1：取得成功：achievegreatsuccessachievegreatsuccessandrealizeone’spotentialachievegreatsuccessandattainone’sgoalsachievegreatsuccessandovercomeseveraldifficulties/hurdles第57页例2：“放松身心”relaxone’sbodiesandeaseone’smind第58页例3：“开拓视野”broadenone’shorizonsbroadenone’shorizonsandenrichone’smind第59页例4：促进交流”promotethecommunicationpromotethecommunicationandinteractionbetween…and…第60页套话凑数-----4大套话第61页1，Thereisnodenyingthefactthat…不可否定...变型：Itisanundeniablefactthat…Undeniably，…第62页2,Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthat…全世界都知道...

第63页3,Thereisnodoubtthat…毫无疑问...

变型：Itisfarbeyondanyreasonabledoubtthat…(毋庸置疑)第64页4,Itisconceivablethat…可想而知第65页例：Itisconceivablethatwiththerapiddevelopmentinsocietyandeconomy,competitionisbecomingincreasinglyfierceandacute.第66页句型多变标准第67页1.人称句与无人称句转换很多人认为，在中国，控制人口数是非常必要。birthcontrolManypeoplethinkbirthcontrolisquitenecessaryinChina.ItiswidelythoughtthatbirthcontrolisquitenecessaryinChina.第68页2.必定句是否定句转换每个孩子都想赚些零花钱来帮助交付高额大学费用。Everychildwantstoearnalittlemoneytohelpcoverhighercollegecost.Thereishardly

achildwhodoesn’twanttoearnalittlemoneytohelpcoverhighercollegecost.Thereishardlyachildbutwantstoearnalittlemoneytohelpcoverhighercollegecost.第69页形式必定但意义否定结构1.morethancan

cannot…简直不，无法，难以Thebeautyoftheparkismorethanwordscandescribe.Thebeautyoftheparkcannotbedescribedbywords.这个公园美无法形容。第70页2.anything…but

绝对不，根本不，一点也不Heisanythingbutascholar.Thewoodbridgeisanythingbutsafe.第71页3.haveyettodo…havenotdone…yetIhaveyettohearthestory.Ihaveyettolearnthenewskill.第72页4.may/mightaswell…否定结构，“还不如”Itisstillraininghardoutside;wemay

aswellstayhereoverthenight.Youmight

aswellburnthebookthangivethemtoher.第73页形式否定但意义必定结构Itisnomorethanabeginning.仅仅，只是Theygavemethewrongbook,andIdidnotnoticeituntilIgotbacktomyroom.直到……才Youcannotbetoocarefulindoingtheexperiments.越……越好第74页nothingbut

只有，只不过nothing

morethan

仅仅nosooner…than

刚一……就fornothing

徒然，无偿notonly…,butalso

不但……而且not…longbefore

很快就nomorethan

仅仅，只是nootherthan

只有，正是第75页3.主动句与被动句转换因为社会需要，出现了很多夜校。Thereappearmanyeveningschoolsbecauseofsocialdemands.Manyeveningschoolsarecalledintoexistencebysocialdemands.第76页4.动词和名词转换这种生活方式已经越来越流行，越来越多年轻人已经接收这种生活方式。Thestyleoflivinghasbecomemoreandmorepopularandacceptedbymoreandmoreyoungpeople.Thestyleoflivinghasfounditsgrowingpopularityandacceptanceamongyoungpeople.第77页人们担心传统价值正在逐步消失。Peopleareconcernedthatthetraditionalvaluesaregraduallydisappearing.Peopleareconcernedaboutthe

gradual

disappearanceofthetraditionalvalues.第78页5.短句与长句转换它给学生们带来严重压力，一些学生无法忍受这种压力。Itbringsstudentsintensivepressure.Somestudentscannotendurethispressure.Itbringsstudentsintensivepressurethatsomestudentscannotendure.第79页青少年因为课业负担重并在同伴勉励下去吸烟。在这种情况下，尽管以为不对，他们还是经常这么做。青少年——teenagers同伴——peers课业——schoolwork以为不对——feelalittleguilty去吸烟——resorttosmoking第80页Teenagersarepressuredbyschoolworkandtheyarealsoencouragedbytheirpeers.Undersuchcircumstances,theyoftenresorttosmoking,thoughsometimestheyfeelalittleguilty.Pressuredbyschoolworkandencouragedbytheirpeers,teenagersoftenresorttosmoking,thoughtheyfeelalittleguiltysometimes.第81页练习1.变无人称句Peopleingrowingnumbersagreethatwomenshouldenjoyfullequalitywithmen.Thereisgrowingagreementsthatwomenshouldenjoyfullequalitywithmen.第82页练习2.变无人称句ManyChinesepeoplehavegonetotheUnitedStatesinthepast15years.Thepast15yearshavebroughtmanyChinesepeopletotheUnitedStates.第83页练习3.变无人称句Wealmostforgetthisevent.Thiseventisalmostforgottenbyus.Thiseventisnowalmostfading

fromourmemory.第84页练习4.变无人称句Weeasilydrewtheconclusionthroughtheinvestigation.Theinvestigationcaneasilyleadtotheconclusion.第85页练习5.变被动语态WearemakinggreateffortstoimproveourEnglish.GreateffortsarebeingmadetoimproveourEnglish.Wemaythinkmoreoftheelderlywholiveapartfromtheirchildren.Morethoughtmaybegiventotheelderlywholiveapartfromtheirchildren.第86页练习6.换用名词IfwearewatchingtoomuchTV,ourreadingabilitywillbeseriouslyaffected.HeavyexposuretoTVwillexertanegativeeffectonourreadingability.第87页练习7.换用名词Ifwedon’trecognizetheseriousproblemofgrowingpopulation,wewillmakeabigmistake.Failuretorecognizetheseriousnessofgrowingpopulationwillleadtoabigmistake.第88页练习8.变双重否定句Wheneveryoupickupanewspaper,youwillalwaysfindadvertisements.Itisimpossibletopickupanewspaperwithoutfindingadvertisements.第89页练习9.变长句AstudenthasstudiedEnglishforafewyears.Hemayhaveavocabularyofthousandsofwords.AstudentwhohasstudiedEnglishforafewyearsmayhaveavocabularyofthousandsofwords.第90页练习10.变长句Heboughtajeep.Hisfriendadvisedhimagainstit.(inspiteof)Heboughtajeepinspiteofhisfriend’sadvisinghimagainstit.第91页练习11.变长句Thepoliticianisconcernedwithsuccessfulelections.Thestatesmanisinterestedinthefutureofhispeople.Thepoliticianisconcernedwithsuccessfulelections,whereasthestatesmanisinterestedinthefutureofhispeople.第92页练习11.变长句Hechosetostudycomputerscience.Computersciencehasgoodemploymentprospects.Hechosetostudycomputersciencebecauseofitsgoodemploymentprospects.第93页练习12.变长句Heisnotcoming.Themeetingwillbeputofftillnextweek.intheeventof万一，倘若Intheeventofhisnotcoming,themeetingwillbeputofftillnextweek.第94页你能写出来吗？作文素材第95页让孩子接触过多暴力与色情对他们成长有害。excessivepornographybe/bad/harmful/detrimentaltoExposingyoungchildrentoexcessiveviolenceandpornographywouldbedetrimentaltotheirdevelopment.第96页照料宠物有利于培养小孩交际能力。socialskillsTakingcareofapetcanhelpchildrendevelopsocialskills.contributeto/beconducivetoTakingcareofapetcancontributeto/beconducivetothedevelopmentofChildren’ssocialskills.第97页我们政府主要任务是致力于消除贫困、疾病和文盲。eliminateilliteracyThemaintaskofourgovernmentiseliminating

poverty,diseaseandilliteracy.第98页怎样处理严重交通问题对于政府而言是个棘手问题。athornyissueHowtosolvetheheavytrafficproblemisathornyissue第99页发达国家和发展中国家政府必须采取更环境保护政策。essential/imperativeadoptenvironmentallyfriendlypoliciesItisimperativeforgovernmentsofdevelopedanddevelopingnationsto

adopt

moreenvironmentallyfriendlypolicies.第100页一份适当业余工作并不会占用学生太多时间。实际上，把全部时间都用到学习上并不健康。Aproperpart-timejobdoesnotoccupystudents’toomuchtime.Infact,itisunhealthyforthemto

spendalloftimeontheirstudy.第101页学生唯一任务是取得未来工作所需知识和技能。only，soleacquire，get，gain，obtainThesoletaskofstudentsistoacquiretheknowledgeandskills，which，apparently，are

essentialtotheirfuturecareer.第102页互联网是传输信息经济路径。economicalconveyTheInternetisaneconomicalwaytoconveyinformation.第103页现在，伴随电脑广泛使用，许多成年人感到学习电脑技能迫切需要。applicationpressingneedNowadays,withthewideapplicationsofcomputers,manyadultsfeelthepressingneedtoacquirecomputerskills.第104页必须采取适当办法限制外国旅游者数量，努力保护当地环境和历史不受国际旅游业不利影响。Propermeasuresmustbetaken

tolimitthenumberofforeigntouristsand

greateffortsshouldbemade

toprotectlocalenvironmentandhistoryfromtheharmfuleffectsofinternationaltourism.第105页互联网出现使人们愈加轻易接触到全世界各种各样信息。adventenablesomebodytodohaveaccesstoTheadventoftheInternetenablespeopletohaveeasieraccesstoallsortsofinformationworldwide.第106页日益恶化环境已经引发人们广泛关注。deteriorate/worsenarousewideconcernThe

deteriorating

environmenthasarousedpeople’swideconcern.第107页青少年不停恶化健康情况引发公众关注。deteriorate/worsenbebroughtintopublicfocusTheworseninghealthconditionofyouthshasbeenbroughtintopublicfocus.第108页假如不重视自然资源保护，它将很快被耗尽。conservation/protectiondeplete/exhaust/consume

Ournaturalenergywillsoonbedepleted/exhaustedifwepaynoattentiontotheconservationofit.第109页因为受到网络上过多色情与暴力影响，有些青少年误入歧途。goastrayDeeplyinfluencedbyexcessivepornographyandviolenceontheInternet,someteenagersgoastray.第110页父母教诲假如坚定、理性、一直如一，孩子就有可能充满自信。firmrationalconsistentbelikelytodo/beinclinedtoChildrenwithparents

whose

guidanceisfirm，rationalandconsistentareinclinedtopossesshighlevelsofself-confidenc