高考英语总复习-第一部分-教材梳理-Unit-1-Women-of-achievement-市赛课公

必修4Unit1Womenofachievement1/54关键单词achievementachieveproject1．________________n．成就；功劳→________vt.完成；达成connectionconnectconnectedorganization

2．________n．项目；工程；规划 3．___________n．连接；关系→_____________v．连接；联合→___________adj.有联络；相关 4．_____________n．组织；机构；团体→_________vt.组织→___________n．组织者→___________adj.有组织；有条理organizeorganizerorganized2/545．________vt.&vi.举动；(举止或行为)表现→__________n．(＝behavior)行为；举止；习性behavebehaviour6．___________adj.值得；值得做worthwhile7．________vt.观察；观察；恪守→__________n．观察；观察→________n．观察者observeobservationobserver

8．________vt.&n．尊敬；尊重；敬意→___________adj.可敬；体面→________adj.尊敬人；恭敬→________adv.尊敬地respectrespectablerespectfulrespectfully9．________vt.&vi.讨论；辩论；争论→___________n．争论；争辩；争吵argueargument3/54

10．_____________n．款待；娱乐；娱乐演出→_________vt.使娱乐；款待→____________adj.娱乐；愉快 11．________n．人群；观众vt.挤满；使拥挤→_________adj.拥挤entertainmententertainentertained12．_______vt.鼓舞；激发；启示→__________n．灵感；鼓舞→____________adj.鼓舞人心；有灵感crowd13．________n．&vt.支持；拥护→_________adj.支持；拥护→__________n．支持者；拥护者crowded14．________vi.谈到；查阅；参考→__________n．参考；参阅inspireinspirationinspirationalsupportsupportivesupporterreferreference4/5415．________vt.计划；打算→________n．企图；打算16．__________n．突发事件；紧急情况intendintention17．__________n．一代；一辈emergencygeneration

18．____________adj.考虑周到→____________vt.考虑→_____________n．考虑；体谅→____________adj.相当大 19．________vt.递送；生(小孩儿)；接生；发表(演说等)→_________n．递送；传送considerateconsider20．_________adj.谦虚；谦让；适度→_________n．谦虚→_________adv.谦虚地considerationconsiderabledeliverdeliverymodestmodestymodestly5/54常考短语1．________being人2．________off离开；起程；出发3．________with同……争论4．________up建立humanmoveargue5．________a...life过着……生活6．________in(想法、问题等)涌上心头；涌入脑海7．________downupon/on蔑视；瞧不起setleadcrowdlook6/54referdochancecomedeliver8．________to查阅；参考；谈到9．________research进行研究10．by________恰巧；凑巧carrystruggle11．________across(偶然)遇见；遇见example12．________ababy接生13．________on继续；坚持work14．________for为……而斗争15．for________比如16．________out处理；锻炼身体7/54经典佳句asmanycountriesaspossible

1．Shealsoworkedhardtomake____________________________________________agreenottousethem.她也努力工作让尽可能多国家同意不再使用它们。 2．Onlyafterhermothercametohelpherforthefirstfewmonthswasshe________________________herproject.她母亲头几个月来帮她忙，这才使她得以开始自己计划。 3．________________________，itallcomescrowdinginandIrememberthechimpsinlaboratories.我一旦停下来，全部一切都会涌上心头，我就会想起试验室里黑猩猩。allowedtobeginOnceIstop8/54

4．Suddenlyithitme________________________________forawomantogetmedicaltrainingatthattime.突然我想起在那个年代，一个女子去学医是多么困难啊。 5．Furtherreadingmademerealizethat________________hardworkanddeterminationaswellashergentlenature________gotherintomedicalschool.深入阅读使我了解到，是苦干、决心和善良天性使她走进了医学院大门。howdifficultitwasitwasthat9/54课文回顾scientistunderstandobserving

JaneGoodall,afamouswoman1._________(science),whohasstudiedchimpsformanyyears—helpspeople2.____________(understand)howmuchtheybehavelikehumans.Nobodybeforehasfullyunderstoodchimps'behavior.Janespentmanyyears3.___________(observe)andrecordingtheirdailyactivities.Shedidnotstudyatauniversitybutshewasdetermined4.__________(work)withanimalsintheirownenvironment.Whenshearrived5.________Gombein1960,itwasunusualforawomantoliveintheforest.Only6.__________hermothercametohelpherforthetoworkinafter10/54thesetheirthatwomenfirstfewmonthswassheallowedtobeginherproject.Shehasbeenhelpingtherestoftheworldunderstandandrespectthelifeof7.________(this)animals.Shehasachievedeverythingshewantedtodo:workingwithanimalsin8.________(they)ownenvironment,gainingadoctor'sdegreeforstudy,showing9.________womencanliveintheforestasmencan.Sheinspiresthosewhowanttocheertheachievementsof10.________(woman)．11/54单句语法填空observedknowsdelivered

1．(年江苏卷·阅读了解B)Thiseducationalmethodwasfirst________(observe)inbySoniaKleindorfer，abiologistatFlindersUniversityinSouthAustralia,andhercolleagues. 2．Noworkerandnoengineer________(know)whoitisthatistoblamefortheexplosionofthechemicalfactory. 3．Doyouwanttogetthisbook________(deliver)toyourhouseorwouldyouprefertocometotheshopforityourself?12/54playingarguinghadplannedinspiring

4．—Isthereanynewsforthemissingboy? —Yes,hewasobserved________(play)computergamesat8o'clockyesterday. 5．Itisnouse________(argue)withheroverthematter.Sheisquitestubbornandwillneverchangehermind. 6．I_____________(plan)totakeaholidaylastyear,butIwasn'tabletogetaway. 7．What__________(inspire)newsitisthatmyfatherwilltakemetotheWuhanHappyValleythisweekend!13/54forentertainmentconsiderate

8．Ihopeairlinescanshowmorerespect________passengersandimproveservice. 9．Computershavereplacedtelevisionsasourmostpopularformof______________(entertain)． 10．Itwas______________(consider)ofyounottoplaythepianowhileIwassleeping.14/541．observevt.观察；观察；恪守observesb.do/doingsth.观察到某人做了/正在做某事observethecustoms恪守习俗observationn．观察；观察makeanobservationof对……进行观察underobservation在监视下15/54

【名师指津】

在被动语态中，observe后充当补足语不带to动词不定式中to要还原出来，即beobservedtodosth.。辨析observe,watch和examine

(1)observe普通用于较长时间观察、了解，多用于科研等方面。 (2)watch普通指盯梢、观看活动中人或物。 (3)examine普通指为了了解情况，使用一些伎俩去检验、查看。16/54toobservetoopentokeep利用用所给词适当形式填空

(1)Itisatraditionforthepeoplehere__________(observe)theSpringFestival. (2)Thethiefwasobserved___________(open)thewindowandrunaway. (3)Itiseverybody'sdutytoobservethem(trafficrules)_____________(keep)oursocietyinorderandgoingontherighttrack.17/542．respectvt.&n．尊敬；尊重；敬意win/earn/gaintherespectofsb.赢得某人尊敬showone'srespectforsb./sth.对……表示尊敬或敬意respectsb.for因为……而尊敬某人inall/manyrespects在各个/许多方面inrespectofsth.关于；就……而言withrespecttosth.至于；关于；就……而言respectableadj.可敬；体面respectfuladj.表示敬意；尊敬人；恭敬respectiveadj.分别；各自18/54【写作佳句】(1)Inaddition,youshouldrespectalltheteacherswhounselfishlyhelpyoutogainmuchknowledge.而且，你应该尊敬所有没有私帮助你取得大量知识老师。(2)Pleasegivemyrespecttoyourparents.请代我向你父母问好。19/54利用完成句子，每空一词showour(1)我们都起立来表示对这些普通劳动者敬意。Weallstoodupto________________________________theseordinaryworkers.respectforrespected(2)他因老实而颇受大家尊敬。Heishighly__________byeveryone________hishonesty.(3)我非常尊敬你妈妈。forrespectforIhavethegreatest________________yourmother.(4)这个提议在各个方面都很棒。inallrespectsThisproposalisexcellent________________________.20/543．arguevt.&vi.讨论；辩论；争论argueagainst/for(sb./sth.)反对/赞成(某人/某事)arguewithsb.(about/oversth.)与某人(为某事)争论/争吵argueo/outofdoingsth.说服某人做/不做某事arguethat-clause主张……argumentn．争论；争辩；争吵haveanargument(about/oversth.)(为某事)争吵beyondargument无可争辩21/54辨析argue,quarrel和discuss

(1)argue意为“争论；辩论”，指举出理由或事实来与对方争辩，有“企图说服对方”含义。 (2)quarrel意为“争吵；吵架；争辩”，侧重用“口角”方式争吵。 (3)discuss意为“讨论”，指为了处理问题或搞清对方观点而交换意见。22/54forwithintoagainstbeyond利用用适当介词或副词填空

Theworkers,whoargued________theirownrights,argued_________thebossforafewdays,butfailedtoarguehim_________givingthemariseinwagesbecausethebossargued_________itandinsistedthatitwas________argumentthattheirpayhadalreadybeenOK.23/544．supportn．&

vt.支持；拥护

insupportofsb./sth.支持或支援某人/某事 givesupporttosb.支持或支援某人 supportafamily养家糊口 supportoneself自力更生 supportsb.in(doing)sth.在(做)某事方面支持某人 supportsb.bydoingsth.经过做某事支持某人

【写作佳句】

Fromdawntodusk,heworks12hourstosupporthisfamily.从早到晚，为了支撑他家庭，他工作12个小时。24/54tosupportinof利用单句语法填空

(1)Hehadtodoanextrajobafterwork,forhehadabigfamily______________(support)． (2)We'llsupportyouheartandsoul________yournewexperiment. (3)Onlyafewpeoplespokeinsupport________hisplanwhichmadehimverydisappointed.25/541．moveoff离开；起程；出发moveon继续前进/进行moveout迁出；搬出movein迁进；搬进movealong移动一下；向前移动(以腾出空间)【名师指津】

move为及物动词，意为“使某人激动、感动”，惯用于短语be/feel(deeply)moved，表示“被(深深地)打动”。26/54onoutoff利用用适当介词或副词填空

(1)Wetalkedforawhileandthenmoved________toanotherhouse. (2)We'removing________ofouroldhousenextweek. (3)Whenwegottothestation,thetrainhadmoved________.27/542．lookdownupon/on蔑视；瞧不起lookonsb./sth.as＝considersb./sth.as把某人看作……lookon袖手旁观lookinto调查；观察lookup查阅(单词、资料等)；向上看look(sb.)upanddown上下端详(某人)lookoutforsb./sth.警觉或留心某人/物【名师指津】(1)lookdownatsb./sth.意为“低头看某人/物”。(2)lookdownupon/on近义词为turnupone'snoseat，意为“对……嗤之以鼻；看不起”。28/54利用完成句子，每空一词lookdownupon/on(1)所以，我们没有理由轻视普通工作。Therefore,thereisnoreasonforusto__________________________ordinaryjobs.lookedonas(2)他被认为是这个学科权威人物。Heis________________________theleadingauthorityonthesubject.lookitupinadictionary

(3)假如你想知道一个词使用方法，就查词典。 Ifyouwanttoknowhowawordisused,____________________________________________________.29/543．referto查阅；参考；谈到；指是

referto...as...把……称为……；认为……是…… refersth.tosth.把……归因于…… referencen．参考，参考；参阅 in/withreferenceto参考

【写作佳句】

WhenIamfacedwithadifficulty,IusuallychoosetorefertorelevantlearningmaterialsorWebpages.当我面临困难时，我常常选择查阅相关学习资料或网页。30/54reference利用

单句语法填空

(1)Thechildrenusuallyrefertothisoldteacher________grandpa. (2)Theperson____________(refer)tolastmeetinghasbeenarrested. (3)Thetextbooksanddictionariescanbeusedas__________(refer)bookswhilethemagazinesserveasreadingmaterials.asreferred31/544．comeacross＝runacross＝meetbychance(偶然)遇见；遇见comeabout＝happen发生comeout出现；开花；出版或发表；透露；显出comeup升起；发生；出现comeupwithsth.找到或提出(答案、方法等)32/54【一句多译】acrossoutwithabout

昨天她在百货商店购物时，偶然碰到了自己一位老朋友。 Shemetanoldfriendofhersyesterdaybychancewhileshewasshoppingatthedepartmentstore. ＝Shecameacrossanoldfriendofhersyesterdaywhileshewasshoppingatthedepartmentstore.利用用适当介词或副词填空(1)Icame________somenewwordswhilereading.(2)Hisnewbookwillcome________nextmonth.(3)Shecameup________anewideaforincreasingsales.(4)Canyoutellmehowtheaccidentcame________？33/54原句1Untiltheneveryonehadthoughtchimpsateonlyfruitandnuts.直到那时，人人都认为猩猩只吃水果和坚果。 句中hadthought意为“原认为；本认为”，表示虚拟含义，表示与实际情况不一样猜测、看法等。有这类使用方法动词还有：hadplanned(原计划；原来计划)；hadexpected(原来希望;原来预料;原来期望);hadwished/hoped(本希望)；hadwanted(本想)。34/54hadthoughthadplannedhadwanted利用单句语法填空

(1)IshouldnothavelaughedifI_____________(think)youwereserious. (2)I_____________(plan)togobackhomethisSunday,butIwastoobusy. (3)I_____________(want)toinviteyoutoourpartybutIdidn'tgetintouchwithyou.35/54原句2OnceIstop,itallcomescrowdinginandIrememberthechimpsinlaboratories.我一旦停下来，全部一切都会涌上心头，我就会想起试验室里黑猩猩。 once在此做连词，意为“一……就……；一旦……就……”，相当于assoonas，所引导从句惯用普通现在时来表示将要发生动作。once还可做副词，意为“一次；从前”，组成常见短语有：allatonce(突然)；atonce(立刻，马上)；onceinawhile(偶然；有时)；onceuponatime(从前)。

注意：once

引导条件状语从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句谓语动词为be动词时，或从句为“itbe”时，从句“主语＋be”或“itbe”能够省略。36/54利用完成句子，每空一词(1)攻下这一难关，其它问题就好办了。__________________________isovercome,otherproblemswillbeeasytosolve.Oncethisdifficulty

(2)一旦我们有共同兴趣，情谊便开始形成了。 ________________________________________interest,afriendshipcanbegin.Oncewehaveacommon37/54(3)这么多好主意！太多了，我极难一下子完全吸收。Somanygoodideas!It'stoomuchformetoabsorball________________.atonce

(4)他偶然来我们房中闲谈。 Hecomestoourroomforachat________________________________.onceinawhile38/54原句3Suddenlyithitmehowdifficultitwasforawomantogetmedicaltrainingatthattime.突然我想起在那个年代，一个女子去学医是多么困难啊。 句中使用了“Ithit(s)me＋从句”结构，意思是“我突然想到……”，it在句中做形式主语。类似结构还有： Itoccurs/occurredtosb.that...(某人)突然想到…… Itstrikes/strucksb.that...(某人)突然想到…… Ithappens/happenedthat...恰巧……39/54利用一句多译，每空一词我突然意识到我一直都在关注生活中错误而不是正确事情。hit/struckoccurredto

It____________methatIhadbeenpayingattentiontowhatwasgoingwrongwithmyliferatherthanwhatwasright. ＝It________________methatIhadbeenpayingattentiontowhatwasgoingwrongwithmyliferatherthanwhatwasright.40/54

利用所学语言基础知识，补充完整下面短文，并背诵下来 Hansisamanof1.____________(achieve)．Hehasdevotedallhislife2._____homelesschildrenandhisbehavior3.________(win)respectofall.Recently,Hanswasasked4._________(deliver)aspeechonthe5.__________(graduate)inHarvardUniversity.Hesaid，“6.________(care)forchildrenisanordinaryjob,butdon'tlookdown7._____________ordinaryjobs.OnceyoubegintodoachievementtohaswontodelivergraduationCaringupon/on41/54sixtiesbestwithsomething,youmustkeeponwithit,otherwiseyouwillneverachieveanything.Onlywhenyouareinyour8._________(six)andlookingbackonyourlifewillyourealizewhetheryouhavedoneyour9.________(well)．Andonlywhenyoucansayyouhavetriedyourbestwillyoubecontent10.________yourlife.”42/54阅读了解(十二)阅读了解四大题型之主旨大意题(2)：2．标题归纳题

对文章主旨大意考查，不但能够直接以了解段落及文章主旨大意形式出现，而且也能够用选择或确定文章标题形式出现。所以，选择文章标题，首先能够按照主旨大意确实定方式，先搞清文章主旨大意，再定标题。43/54选择文章标题时应注意以下几点：

首先，要考虑标题对文章概括性或覆盖面怎样。标题一般要求能覆盖全文内容，表达文章主旨。要防止以下三种情况：(1)概括不够(多表现为部分代替整体，从而造成范围太小)；(2)过分概括(多表现为脱离文章内容发挥)；(3)以事实、细节代替抽象、详细大意。

其次，要考虑标题针对性，即标题范围要恰当，针对性强。考生要在阅读原文基础上，仔细考虑所选标题与文章主题是否有亲密关系。标题既不能太大，也不能太小，太大则中心不突出，太小也发挥不了应起作用；标题准确度要高，不能随意改变语言表意程度及色彩。它能够是单词、短语，也能够是句子。44/54

再次，要注意标题醒目性。选择标题要简练、突出、新奇。标题是文章点睛之笔，是文章灵魂和门面。标题好坏往往影响了文章可读性，读者经常从标题上决定文章阅读取舍。故标题普通比较醒目，甚至比较离奇，以此来吸引读者对文章兴趣。

最终，要注意恰当地选好标题，还需要了解标题基本拟定方法。普通说来，确定标题是以话题为关键，将控制性概念词按一定语法浓缩为概括主题句或中心思想词组。45/54【例】(年新课标Ⅰ卷)

Someoftheworld'smostfamousmusiciansrecentlygatheredinParisandNewOrleanstocelebratethefirstannualInternationalJazzDay.UNESCO(UnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization)recentlysetApril30asadaytoraiseawarenessofjazzmusic,itssignificance,anditspotentialasaunifying(联合)voiceacrosscultures.Despitethecelebrations,though,intheU．S.thejazzaudiencecontinuestoshrinkandgrowolder,andthemusichasfailedtoconnectwithyoungergenerations.46/54

It'sJasonMoran'sjobtohelpchangethat.AstheKennedyCenter'sartisticadviserforjazz,Moranhopestowidentheaudienceforjazz,makethemusicmoreaccessible,andpreserveitshistoryandculture.

“Jazzseemslikeit'snotreallyapartoftheAmericanappetite，”MorantellsNationalPublicRadio'sreporterNealConan.“WhatI'mhopingtoaccomplishisthatmygenerationandyoungerstarttoreconsiderandunderstandthatjazzisnotblackandwhiteanymore.It'sactuallycolorful,andit'sactuallydigital.”47/54Moransaysoneoftheproblemswithjazztodayisthattheentertainmentaspectofthemusichasbeenlost.“Themusiccan'tbepresentedtodaythewayitwasin1908or1958.Ithastocontinuetomove,becausethewaytheworldworksisnotthesame，”saysMoran.Lastyear,MoranworkedonaprojectthatarrangedFatsWaller'smusicforadanceparty,“JusttokindofputitbackinthemindthatWallerisdancemusicasmuchasitisconcertmusic，”saysMoran.“Forme,it'stherecontextualization.Inmusic,wheredoestheemotion(情感)lie?Arewe,ashumansgaininganyinsight48/54(感悟)onhowtotalkaboutourselvesandhowsomethingasabstractasaCharlieParkerrecordgetsusintoadialogueaboutouremotionsandourthoughts?Sometimeswelosesightthatthemusichasawidercontext，”saysMoran,“soIwanttocontinuethosedialogues.ThosearethethingsIwanttofoster.”31．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．ExploringtheFutureofJazz.B．TheRiseandFallofJazz.C．TheStoryofaJazzMusician.D．CelebratingtheJazzDay.49/54解析：A标题归纳题。通读全文可知本文主要讲UNESCO为提升人们对爵士乐重视设置爵士日，但实际收效甚微。有人认为爵士乐应伴随时代进步而进步，不然将失去吸引力。由此可知本文主要探索爵士乐未来，故选A。50/54

Ifaskedifspaceexplorationshouldcontinue,mostAmericanswouldgiveanimmediateresponseeitherinfavourofcontinuingorinfavourofendingspaceexploration.Acommonresponsewouldbethatspaceexplorationisawasteofmoney.AnaverageAmerican,uneducatedonthesubject,mightbelievethatthegovernmentiswastingbillionsofdollarsontheresearchthathasnovalue.Someonestrangetothesubjectmightsaythataspaceshuttlegoesup