unit6-The-Green-Banana市公开课一等奖省赛课微课金奖课件

MadebyLaurenChanTheGreenBanana1/852/85questionsHowdoesthetitle“GreenBanana”strikeyou?Whatdoyouexpectthestorytotell3/85ThetextistakenfromBeyondExperience:AnExperientialApproachtoCross-culturalEducationeditedbyDonaldBatchelderandElizabethG.Warnerin1974.Whenthesecondeditionofthebookwaspublishedin1993,Batchelderexplainedhisviewoncross-culturaleducation:BackgroundInformation4/85BackgroundInformation“Ifsomeofthegoalsofeducationinmoderntimesaretoopenuppossibilitiesfordiscoveryandexpandlearningandthechanceformutualacceptanceandrecognitioninawiderworld,itmaybeimportanttoofferstudentsaperspectiveontheirownimmediatecenteroftheworldbyenablingthemtoparticipatesensitivelyascross-culturalsojourners[ˈsɔdʒə:nə](旅居者，借居者)tothecenterofsomeoneelse’sworld.”5/85Check-onPreview

Whathappenedtotheauthor’soldjeepinBrazil?Howdidthevillagershelprepairit?Whatdidtheauthorlearnaboutthecenteroftheworld(therock)?Howdidhefeeltowardit?Whatarethetwolearningmomentsoftheauthor?Whatdidhelearn?What’stheuseofthegreenbananainthetext?Whatdoesitsymbolize?Whentheauthorsaysweshouldleaveourowncentersoftheworld,doeshemeanweshouldtraveltoothercountriesmoreoften?6/85BackgroundInformation

——Ethnocentrism(种族优越论)

"Ethnic"referstoculturalheritage,and"centrism"referstothecentralstartingpointorthetendencyofpeopletoputtheirowngroupatthecenter.Thus,"ethnocentrism"basicallyreferstojudgingothergroupsfromone’sownculturalpointofview,ormisinterpretingotherculturesbecauseoneusestheconceptsofhisownculture.7/85Ethnocentrismcanleadtomakingfalseassumptionsaboutothers'waysbasedonone’sownlimitedexperience.Thekeywordisassumptions,becausewearenotevenawarethatwearebeingethnocentric.Thatispeopledon'tunderstandthattheydon'tunderstand.BackgroundInformation

——Ethnocentrism(种族优越论)

8/85Ethnocentrismmaymanifestitselfinattitudesofsuperiorityorsometimeshostility.Violence,discrimination,proselytizing['prɒsələtaɪz](劝诱改宗),andverbalaggressivenessareothermeanswherebyethnocentrismmaybeexpressed.BackgroundInformation

——Ethnocentrism(种族优越论)

9/85Whyarepeopleethnocentric?Itisnormaltoassumethingsonthebasisofone’sownexperience,althoughitissometimeswrong.People’sperceptionsofcolors,timeframes,valuesonindustriousness,socialroles,andbeliefsaboutLifeandtheUniverseprovideimportantmeaningsindailylife.Therefore,people’slimitedexperiencestheyhavealreadyhadarethebasisforinterpretingnewexperiences,andinthecaseofothers’behaviors.10/85Whatistheproblemwithethnocentrism?Ethnocentrismleadspeopletomakefalseassumptionsaboutotherpeoples.Peopleareethnocentricwhentheyusetheirculturalnormsasauniversalyardsticktomakegeneralizationsaboutotherpeoples'culturesandcustoms.Peopleofoneculturemayfalselydistortwhatismeaningfulandfunctionaltootherpeoplesthroughhisowntintedglasses.Atthebest,peoplesimplycontinueinhisunawareness.Youmaybewellmeaningininterethnicrelations,butcanunintentionallyoffendothers,generateillfeelings,andevensetupsituationsthatharmothers.Ethnocentrismisevidentininternationalrelations,creatingconflictsandinhibitingresolutionofconflicts.11/85Thereareextremeformsofethnocentrismthatposeserioussocialproblems,suchasracism,chauvinism,andethniccleansing.Theseviewsaregenerallycondemnedbytheworldcommunity,butregularcasescanbeseeninthenews.EthnocentrismCultural

ChauvinismRelativism

Racism

extremeformsofethnocentrism12/85Whatcanwedoaboutethnocentrism?Addressingethnocentrismisnotamatterofjusttryingnottobeethnocentric.Sincepeoplewillneverexperienceeverylifesituationofeveryonearoundtheworld,assumptionsaboutlifearebasedonexistinglimitedexperience.Amoreeffectivewayistocatchyourselfwhenyouarebeingethnocentricandseektodevelopbetterunderstandings.Oncewerealizethatwearenotunderstanding,wearenowinabetterpositiontoseekmorevalidandbalancedunderstandings.13/85CulturalRelativism

(文化相对主义)Ethnocentrismisoftenlinkedtoasociologicaltheorycalled"culturalrelativism".Culturalrelativistsassertthatconceptsaresociallyconstructedandvarycross-culturally.Theseconceptsmayincludesuchfundamentalnotionsaswhatisconsideredtrue,morallycorrect,andwhatconstitutesknowledgeorevenrealityitself.14/85CulturalRelativismisanattempttounderstandtheculturaldevelopmentofsocietiesandsocialgroupsontheirownterms,thatis,withouttryingtoimposeabsoluteideasofmoralvalueortryingtomeasuredifferentculturalvariationsintermsofsomeformofabsoluteculturalstandard.Thismaybeapositivevalueintermsofinterethnicrelations.Byculturalrelativism,allculturesareequallyworthyofrespectandinstudyinganotherculturepeopleneedtosuspendjudgment,empathizeandtryandunderstandthewaythatparticularcultureseestheworld.CulturalRelativism

(文化相对主义)15/85Brazil16/8517/85NationalFlagFederativeRepublicofBrazilCapital:BrasiliaIndependentDay:September7th18/85Twolargeterrain[tə'reɪn]地形TheAmazonplain

（1/3）BrazilPlateau（2/3）19/85BrazilisaPortuguese-speakingcountryintheAmericas.Itistheworld'sfifthlargestcountry,bothbygeographicalareaandbypopulation.20/85BoundedbytheAtlanticOceanonthe

east,Brazilhasacoastlineofover

7,491

kilometers.

ItisborderedonthenorthbyVenezuela[ˌvenə'zweɪlə],Guyana[ɡaiˈɑ:nə,ɡaiˈænə]

,

Suriname[ˌsʊərɪ'nɑ:m]andtheFrenchoverseasdepartmentofFrenchGuiana;onthenorthwestbyColombia;on

thewestbyBoliviaandPeru;onthesouthwestby

ArgentinaandParaguay

['pærəɡwaɪ]巴拉圭andonthesouthbyUruguay['jʊərəɡwaɪ]乌拉圭.Itssize,relief,climate,andnatural

resourcesmakeBrazilgeographicallydiverse.21/85Brazilhasadenseandcomplexsystemofrivers,oneoftheworld'smostextensive,

witheightmajordrainagebasins,allofwhichdrainintotheAtlantic.MajorriversincludetheAmazon22/85CoffeehasbeenoneofthemainbeveragesamongBrazilianssincethe

beginningofthe19thcentury.23/85Braziliancuisinevariesgreatlybyregion,reflectingthecountry'smixofnativeandimmigrantpopulations.Thishascreateda

nationalcuisinemarkedbythepreservationofregionaldifferences.ExamplesareFeijoada,consideredthecountry'snationaldish.24/85ThemostpopularsportinBrazilisfootballsoccer.TheBraziliannationalfootballteamisrankedamongthebestintheworld.25/85Brazilhashostedseveralhigh-profileinternationalsportingevents,includingthe1950FIFAWorldCupandhasbeenchosentohosttheFIFAWorldCup.On2October,BrazilwasselectedtohosttheOlympicGames,thefirsttobeheldinSouthAmerica.26/8527/8528/8529/85CarnivalisthemostfamousholidayinBrazilandhasbecomeaneventofhugeproportions.Thecountrystopscompletelyforalmostaweekandfestivitiesareintense,dayandnight,mainlyincoastalcities.CarnivalRio(lateFebruary-earlyMarch)30/8531/8532/851Flamboyant（艳丽）costumes33/852SexyBraziliangirls

34/853PassionateSambadance

35/85亚马孙河THEAMAZON36/85

TheAmazonriveristhegreatriveronEarth.Itisoneoftheworld`sgreatestrainforestsanditislongerthananyriverbuttheNile.Thelungsoftheearth37/85亚马孙雨林38/8539/8540/85IguassuFalls41/8542/85CorcovadoMountain

科尔科瓦多山43/8544/85StructurePart1(1--)Part2()Part3()45--78Thewriter’sexperiencesinamountainvillageinthecentralareaofBrazil.Thewriter’sreflectionsonhisexperience.Thewriter’sconclusion:Eachculturehashiddentreasurestooffertotherestoftheworld.Asoftenthecaseinanessay,itstartsfromsomethingspecificandthenmovesontoageneralconclusion.45/85FurtherdiscussionDoyouthinkpeoplewhocomefromdifferentculturesareunlikelytounderstandeachother?Arethereculturalconflictsbetweenstudentsfromdifferentregions?Ifso,howdoyousettletheconflicts?46/85DetailedAnalysis

Althoughitmighthavehappenedanywhere,myencounterwiththegreenbananastartedonasteepmountainroadinthecentralareaofBrazil.Whatdoesthe“although-clause”imply?Hecouldhavehisfirstexperiencewithaforeigntreasureanywhereoutsideofhishome.ItjustHAPPENEDtobeinBrazil.Sosayingimpliesthateveryforeignculturehassometreasureswhichremainunknowntooutsiders.47/85ancientoldantique这些形容词均含“古代，古老”之意。ancient:指很久以前发生或存在事物。用于描述历史时，指远古时代。ancient所指时间普通比old长。old:指长久以来一直存在着事物，与times连用指古代，与days连用时指从前或旧社会。antique:指已经很古老或颇有古风事物，普通都含有较高价值。DetailedAnalysis

48/85strainup:makeagreatefforttomoveupwardstrain:tryveryhard(vi.&vt.)她竖起耳朵听,但什么也没听见。(vt.)他使劲转动车轮子,但没有成功。(vi.)DetailedAnalysis

Shestrainedherears,butnosoundreachedthem.Hestrainedtoturnthewheel,buthecouldn't.49/85WhenandWhileWecanusebothwordstointroducealonger'background'actionorsituation,whichis/wasgoingonwhensomethingelsehappens/happened.Somebodybrokeintothehousewhentheywereplayingcards.Whiletheywereplayingcards,somebodybrokeintothehouse.Notethatwhenandwhileclausescangoatthebeginningorendofsentences.DetailedAnalysis

50/85SimultaneouslongactionsWeusuallyusewhiletosaythattwolongeractionsorsituationsgo/wentonatthesametime.Whileyouwerereadingthepaper,Iwasworking.Ifwearetalkingaboutagesandperiodsoflife,weusewhen:WhenIwasachildwelivedinLondon(NOTWhileIwasachild…)Hisparentsdiedwhenhewastwelve(NOT…whilehewastwelve)DetailedAnalysis

51/85SimultaneousshortactionsWecanuse(just)whentosaythattwoshortactionsoreventshappen/happenedatthesametime:Ithoughtofit(just)whenyouopenedyourmouth.

Whileisnotpossibleinthissituation.ReducedclausesItisoftenpossibletoleaveoutsubject+beafterwhenandwhile:While/WheninGermany,hegottoknowafamilyofmusicians.(=While/WhenhewasinGermany…)

IneverthoughtI'dcrywhen/whilelookingatmyoldpictures.

DetailedAnalysis

52/85leakleakaway漏出escapegraduallythroughanaccidentalhole;逐步失去begraduallylost油渗出来了,因为油箱上有个小洞。leakout泄露becomeknownunintentionally没有些人知道秘密是怎样泄露出去。leakto将…泄露给…tell(asecret)tosb他把消息泄露给了他朋友。DetailedAnalysis

Theoilleakedawaybecausetherewasasmallholeinthetank.Nobodyknewhowthesecrethadleakedout.Heleakedthenewstohisfriend.53/85DetailedAnalysis

Theover-heatedengineforcedmetostopatthenextvillage,whichconsistedofasmallstoreandascatteringofhouses.bemadeupof;becomposeof由…组成，由…组成联合国安理会是由五个组员国组成。UNSecurityCouncilconsistsoffivememberstates.主语awhole由……组成/组成宾语partsconsistofbemadeupofbecomposedofbecomprisedofmakeupcomposecompriseformconstitute主语parts组成/组成/形成宾语awhole54/85Theycouldseethreefinestreamsofhotwaterspoutingfromholesinthejacketoftheradiator.fine:verythinorinverysmallpiecesordrops.spout:gushforthinasuddenstreamDetailedAnalysis

55/85assuretotellsomebodythatsomethingissuretohappenorisdefinitelytrue我能够向你确保，你儿子在这里会很高兴。tomakesth.certaintohappenHardworkhasassuredhissuccess.DetailedAnalysis

Icanassure

youthatyoursonwillbehappyhere.56/85assure;ensure;insureassure

–totellsomebodythatsomethingissuretohappenorisdefinitelytrue使确信；使放心

(~sb.ofsth.;~sb.that…;~sb.todosth.)他要我们放心他有能力处理这个问题。老师使学生们相信学习英语主要性。DetailedAnalysis

Heassuredusofhisabilitytosolvetheproblem.TheteacherassuredthestudentstoknowtheimportanceoflearningEnglish.57/85ensure–makecertainthatsomethingwilloccurorbethecase确保，担保；确保取得(~sth.;~that…)有准备,成功就有确保。Preparednessensuressuccess.我不能确保他能及时抵达这里。insure–保险

(~sb./sth.against)我给我房子保了火险Ican'tensurethathewouldbehereintime.DetailedAnalysis

Iinsuredmyhouseagainstfire.58/85workout处理,解答;计算出becapableofbeingsolved;我不能解答怎么做它。产生结果;发展turnoutintheend;developIamgladthatthingsareworkingoutsowellforthem.形势发展得对他们如此有利,我感到高兴。锻炼doexercise这些运动员天天都要在体育馆锻炼两个小时。DetailedAnalysis

Ican'tworkouthowtodoit.Theseathletesworkoutatthegymfortwohourseveryday.59/85使筋疲力尽;耗尽exhaustHeneverseemstobeworkedout.他好像永远不会疲乏似。了解understandthenatureofsb他这个人很怪,我摸不透他。作出;制订出devise;planout;arrangeItwasn'ttoolongbeforewehadworkedoutaplanacceptabletoall.没多久我们就制订出一个大家都能接收计划。DetailedAnalysis

Ican'tworkhimout,he'sverystrange.60/85

acasualremarkacasualencounteracasualattitudeacasualinspectionacasualdisregardforrumorscasualwearacasuallaboreracasualacquaintanceacasualcorrespondence

withafriend即席讲话邂逅漫不经心态度草率检验对流言蜚语毫不在意便装/休闲装暂时工泛泛之交与朋友不定时通信DetailedAnalysis

61/85Hewasdrivingveryfastbecausehewasignorantofthefactthattherewasaspeedlimit.他因为不知道有时速限制,把车开得很快。(不知道)Heignoredthespeedlimitanddroveveryfast.他不顾时速限制,把车开得很快。(知道但不注意)DetailedAnalysis

62/85

-ance(-ence):(fromLatin)formingnouns,meaning“theaction,qualityorstateofdoingsth”DetailedAnalysis

63/85DetailedAnalysis

acceptattenddependoccurperformpreferreferassistappeardifferacceptanceattendancedependenceoccurrenceperformancepreferencereferenceassistanceappearancedifference64/85lieliedliedlying说谎

lielaylainlying平躺，位于

laylaidlaidlaying放置，下蛋DetailedAnalysis

65/85Hugerockformations,likeSugarLoafinRio,roseupallaroundusoneofRio'smostfamousattractions;270meters(887feet)highandofferstovisitorsthebestviewofRio,mainlythesunset.RiodeJaneiro里约热内卢--thecapitalofBrazilfrom1822to1960,whenthenationalcapitalwasmovedtoBrasília；thecountry‘ssecondlargestmanufacturingcentre；Notedforitswidestreets,publicbuildings,beaches,andpublicparksandgardens,itisaleadingtouristandresortcentre.66/85“Doyouseethattallonerightoverthere?”askedmybenefactor,pointingtoaparticulartall,slenderpinnacleofdarkrock.“Thatrockmarksthecenteroftheworld.”highpointedrockormountainpeak尖锥形岩石；山峰notverywidebutcomparativelylongorhigh;(ofaperson)slim细长；苗条他四下看了看，目光最终落在一位身材苗条女孩身上。Helookedaroundandfinallyrestedhiseyesonaslendergirl.67/85He,inturn,inspectedmecarefullytobesureIgraspedthesignificanceofhisstatement.asaresultofsomething转而；反过来理论起源于实践，反过来为实践服务。Theoryoriginatesin/from(orcomes/derivesfrom)practice,andinturnservespractice.insuccession;oneafteranother;byturns依次，轮番申请人被依次叫进去面见考官。Theapplicantswerecalledinturntoseetheinterviewer.68/85inspecttoexamineclosely仔细检验那海关官员颇为怀疑地检验了我护照和行李。Thecustomsofficerinspectedmypassportandluggagesuspiciously.tovisitofficiallytoseethatrulesareobeyed,thatworkisdoneproperly,etc视察；检阅消防安全员定时视察这座大楼以消除火灾隐患。Thefire-safetyofficerregularlyinspectsthebuildingsoastoremovethedangersoffire.DetailedAnalysis

69/85inspect,examine,investigate,scrutinize

这四个词都有“检验”“审查”含义。它们之间区分是:examine为最普通用语,可指任何方式地、粗略或仔细地检验;inspect和scrutinize都有仔细检验含义,前者强调经过检验找出缺点或漏洞,后者强调在检验时注意细节审阅。另外examine,inspect,scrutinize既可用于人,又可用于物,而investigate只能用于表示对情况、事态等调查或检验。Thedetectiveinvestigatingthemurdercaseexaminedthebody,inspectedthesceneofthecrime,andscrutinizedtheweaponforclues.正在调查这一谋杀案侦探检验了尸体,察看了犯罪现场,并仔细检验了凶器以寻找线索。DetailedAnalysis

70/85HeinturninspectedmecarefullytobesureIgraspedthesignificanceofhisstatement.tounderstand(sth.)fully全方面了解；全方面领会我想你对这事情主要性了解得还不够透彻。Idon’tthinkyou’vequitegraspedthesignificanceofthematter.seize(sb./sth.)firmly;takeadvantageof,notlose抓住；利用graspanopportunity抓住机会DetailedAnalysis

71/85DetailedAnalysis

Theoccasiondemandedsomeshowofrecognitiononmypart.

n.specialtimeforsth.onoccasion:nowandthen偶然；有时Shegoestothecinemaonoccasion.ontheoccasionofsth.:atthetimeofacertainevent

值此...之际Shewasstillabsent-mindedevenontheoccasionofherownwedding.72/85Theoccasiondemandedsomeshowofrecognitiononmypart.(onsb.’spart,onthepartofsb.)madeordonebysb.由某人做出这是我错。Thisismyfault.Thisisthefaultonmypart.这家医院医护人员高度责任感给我留下了深刻印象。Iwasdeeplyimpressedbythehighsenseofresponsibilityonthepartofthedoctorsandnursesin/ofthehospital.DetailedAnalysis

73/85Theyrefilledmyradiatorandgavemeextrabananastotakealongincasemyradiatorshouldgivemetroubleagain.前缀re-

加在名词或动词前面，组成新名词或动词1.表示"回"或"向后"意思。比如：return（回来，返回）recall（回想，召回）retract(缩回，取回)2.表示"再"、"重新"、"重复"意思。比如：review（复习）reunion（团圆，重聚）restart（重新开始）reconstruction（重建）3.表示"相反"、"反对"意思。比如：rebel（反叛，谋反）reverse（反转，颠倒）resist（反抗，抵抗）DetailedAnalysis

74/85incase以防；万一；假如Itisfollowedbythesimplepresent,simplepasttense,or“should”.标准上说，若主句为现在时态，则从句也用现在时态；主句为过去时态，从句也用过去时态。Takearaincoatincaseitrains.Igavehimacallincasehedidn’tknow.Idon’tlethimgooutinthisweatherincaseheshouldcatchcold.当主句为未来时态时，从句谓语不能用未来时态，而要用普通现在时表示未来意义I’llkeepaseatforyouincaseyouchangeyourmind.我给你留一个座位，以防你会改变主意。Should:usedtosaythatyoubelievesth.Islikelytohappeninthefuture.DetailedAnalysis

75/85AsaproductofAmericanhighereducation,Ihadneverpaidtheslightestattentiontothegreenbanana,excepttoregarditasafruitwhosetimehadnotyetcome.beaproductofsth(aparticularbackgroundorexperience):(ofapersonorhisquality)tobetypicalofthatbackgroundortheresultofthatexperience.Myfatherisaproductofhistimes----the1960s.(=Myfatherislikeotherpeoplewhogrewupinthe1960s)beaproductofsth:(ofsth)tobetheresultofsthThebookistheproductofthreeyearsresearch.DetailedAnalysis

76/85exceptexcept后接动词时，普通为带to动词不定式。但假如except前面有谓语动词do或其对应形式时，后面通常接省略to动词不定式天天玛丽除了看电视以外什么都不干。Every

day

Mary

does

nothing

except

()

TV.

DetailedAnalysis

watch77/85besides,but,except三者都可表示“除外”，但besides表示一个累加关系，意指“除了什么之外，还有……”；而except或but则表示一个排除关系，意指“除了什么之外，不再有……”。Besideshiswife，hisdaughteralsowenttoseehim.除他妻子外，他女儿也去看过他(即妻儿女儿都去看过他)。Nobodywenttoseehimexcept[but]hiswife.除他妻子外，没有一个人看过他(即只有他妻子去看过他)。注：在否定句中，besides也表示“除……之外不再有……”，与but,except同义。如：Noonepassedtheexambesides[except]Jim.除吉姆外，没一个人经过考试。DetailedAnalysis

78/85but

与

except二者都可表示“除……外不再有……”，但含义上略有差异：but侧重指意义几乎完整性，而except则侧重指后面除去部分。比较：Allareherebutone.除一个人都到了。Allarehereexceptone.