新标准大学英语综合教程3课文翻译和课后习题答案Unit6省公开课金奖全国赛课一等奖微课获奖课件

Text1/147Dealingwithunfamiliarwords

5.Matchthewordsintheboxwiththeirdefinitions.6.CompletetheparagraphwiththecorrectformofthewordsinActivity5.7.Replacetheunderlinedwordswiththecorrectformofthewordsinthebox.8.Answerthequestionsaboutthewordsandexpressions.Exercises2/1475.Matchthewordsintheboxwiththeirdefinitions.

1tomakeafirestopburning()2thetotalnumberofpeoplewhohavebeenkilledorhurt()3anextremelydifficultorfrighteningsituation()Exerciseschaoticextinguishheroismnightmaretolltragedyutmostextinguishtollnightmare3/1474averysadeventthatcausespeopletosufferordie()5asmuchaspossible()6impressiveactionsthatprovesomeoneisverybrave()7happeninginaconfusedwayandwithoutanyorderororganization()Exercisestragedyutmostheroismchaoticchaoticextinguishheroismnightmaretolltragedyutmost4/1476.CompletetheparagraphwiththecorrectformofthewordsinActivity5.

Forafirefighterarrivingonthesceneofafirethefirstfewminutesareusuallythemost(1)_______.Hehasto(2)_________thefire,healsoneedstofindoutifhumanlivesareindanger.Whenpeoplearetrappedinsideabuildinghemustactswiftlytoprevent(3)________,or,–inthe(4)_________scenario–tokeepthedeath(5)______toaminimum.Actionsliketheserequirethe(6)_______degreeof(7)________.Exerciseschaoticextinguishtragedynightmaretollutmostheroismchaoticextinguishheroismnightmaretolltragedyutmost5/1477.Replacetheunderlinedwordswiththecorrectformofthewordsinthebox.1 He’saveryhonest,fairandwell-behavedsortofperson.2 I’dliketoexpressmythanksforeverythingyou’vedoneforme.Exercisesdecentevacuategratitudeherdleadershipmassivedecentgratitude6/1473Therewasagroupofcowsstandinginthecornerofthefield.4Therehavebeenverybigincreasesinfoodpricesoverthelastfewmonths.5Allthepeopleshouldleavethebuildingimmediatelywhenthealarmsounds.6Shehasdisplayedallthequalitiesneededforbeingaleaderinherjob.Exercisesherdmassiveevacuateleadershipdecentevacuategratitudeherdleadershipmassive7/1478.Answerthequestionsaboutthewordsandexpressions.

1Ifyouareraringtogo,areyoueagerto(a)leave,or(b)startanactivity?2Ifyougetyourbearings,doyou(a)loseyourway,or(b)findoutwhereyouare?3Ifyouarenowhereclosetodone,doyou(a)stillhavealotmoreworktodotofinishthejob,or(b)stillfeelstrongandreadytowork?8.Answerthequestionsaboutthewordsandexpressions.

1Ifyouareraringtogo,areyoueagerto(a)leave,or(b)startanactivity?2Ifyougetyourbearings,doyou(a)loseyourway,or(b)findoutwhereyouare?3Ifyouarenowhereclosetodone,doyou(a)stillhavealotmoreworktodotofinishthejob,or(b)stillfeelstrongandreadytowork?Exercises8/1474Ifyouhaven’tmadeadentinsomething,haveyou(a)madegoodprogress,or(b)hardlybegunthejob?5Isaracket(a)aloudandunpleasantnoise,or(b)alowmusicalsound?6Ifsomethinggoesberserk,isit(a)quietandwell-behaved,or(b)outofcontrol?Exercises4Ifyouhaven’tmadeadentinsomething,haveyou(a)madegoodprogress,or(b)hardlybegunthejob?5Isaracket

(a)aloudandunpleasantnoise,or(b)alowmusicalsound?6Ifsomethinggoesberserk,isit(a)quietandwell-behaved,or(b)outofcontrol?9/1477Doeswhateverthehellitwassuggestthatthewriter(a)knewexactlywhatthenoisewas,or(b)didn’tknowwhatthenoisewas?8Ifsomethingispartoftheshorthand,canyou(a)easilyunderstandit,or(b)notunderstandit?9Ifyouarefumblingforafix,areyou(a)tryingtounderstandsomething,or(b)tryingtostaywhereyouare?Exercises7Doeswhateverthehellitwassuggestthatthewriter(a)knewexactlywhatthenoisewas,or(b)didn’tknowwhatthenoisewas?8Ifsomethingispartoftheshorthand,canyou(a)easilyunderstandit,or(b)notunderstandit?9Ifyouarefumblingforafix,areyou(a)tryingtounderstandsomething,or(b)tryingtostaywhereyouare?10/147Readingandinterpreting

9.Lookatthesentencesfromthepassageandanswerthequestions.10.Workinpairsandanswerthequestions.Exercises11/147Exercises12/147Exercises13/147Exercises14/147Exercises15/147Exercises16/1479.Lookatthesentencesfromthepassageandanswerthequestions.

1Someguysweresweatinglikepigs.Why?

Becausetheyfelthotandexhausted.Theyhadbeenengagedinheavyphysicalactivities.2…weallfroze.Whatdoesthismean?Itmeanswestayedcompletelystill.3Everypossibleworst-casescenario,andafewmorebesides.Whatwasthefirefighterimagining?Hewasimagininganextremelybigfireorexplosion.Exercises17/1474Ithoughtaboutmywifeandmykids,butonlyfleetinglyandnotinanykindoflife-flashing-before-my-eyessortofway.Sodoeshelookbackoverhiswholelifeinasinglesecond?No,hejustthoughtabouthisfamilyveryquickly.5“I’llseeyouatthebigone.”Whatisthebigone,andwhydon’tfirefighterscallitbyitsname?

Theyminimizethefirewhichhasjusthappenedandimaginetheultimatefire.Theexpressionisonecommontofirefighters,sotheyknowwhattheyare

referringto.Exercises18/1476Allofthesethoughtswerelandinginmybraininakindofflashpoint…Whatarethesethoughts,andhowdotheycontrastwiththesituationinthenorthtower?WhatdotheytellusaboutPicciotto?

ThethoughtsareaboutPicciotto’sfamily,job,thebagels,firefighters’customs,hiscolleagues,thethingshislifeconsistsof,hisvalues,hisbraveryandyethisordinariness.Exercises19/14710.Workinpairsandanswerthequestions.1WhathasbeenomittedintheellipticalsentenceDeadsolidstill?Thecompletesentencemightbewestooddeadsolidstill.2Whichdifferentthingsdoesthewritercomparethenoiseofthefallingbuildingto?Itwaslikeanearthquake,anamusementparkthrillride,athousandrunawaytrains,aherdofwildbeasts,andthethunderofarockslide.Exercises20/1473HowmanysentencesbeginwithIthought?Four.Ithoughtaboutmywifeandkids...Ithoughtaboutthejob...Ithoughtaboutthebagels...Ithoughthowwefiremen...4Whatotherexamplesofrepetitioncanyoufindinthepassage?Repetitionoflikefordescribingthesoundofthebuildingcollapsing.Exercises21/1475Howmanysimilescanyoufindinthepassage?Six:sweatinglikepigs;shakinglikeinanearthquake;likeanamusementparkthrillridegoneberserk;likeathousandrunawaytrainsspeedingtowardsme;likeaherdofwildbeasts;likethethunderofarockslide...6Whicharethemosteffective?Ilikethesimilelikeathousandrunawaytrainsspeedingtowardsme,becauseitreallysuggeststhepoweroftheforcesthewriterfeelsapproachinghim.Exercises22/1477Whatmakesthepassagemostmemorable?

Thefigurativelanguage.Therushofsimilesandmetaphorscreatesmoodthroughassociation(earthquakes,berserkwarriors,wildanimals)andgivesasenseofconfusionandmanythingshappeningatonce.Theellipsisgivestheimpressionofeventsspeedingby.Thereisnotimeeventousefullgrammaticalforms.Repetitionsaresimilartothewaythebrainreactstoextremestress.Somethoughtsseemtogetstuckandoccuragainandagain.Exercises23/1478Howwouldanewspaperaccounthavebeendifferent?

Itwouldbemorefactualandlessemotional.Newspaperreportersdonotusesimilesandavoidrepetition.Astoryofafloodinanewspaperwouldsaysoberlythattheriverburstitsbanks,floodedacertainareaoflandandcausedx-amountofdamagetocropsandlefty-numberofpeoplehomeless.Adescriptivepiecemightcomparetherivertoadragonrisinginfuryandtrytoexpressthesoundofthewaterasitpouredoverdikesbuilttoholditin.Ajournalistchooseswordsforprecisemeaningwhereasadescriptivewriterwantseffects.Exercises24/147Developingcriticalthinking11.Workinpairsanddiscussthequestions.1Picciottosaysheandhismenwere“justdoingtheirjob”.Doyouagree?

•Yes,firefightersmustextinguishfiresandrescuevictims.•No,theyweregoingbeyonditbystayingsolongandriskingtheirlives.Exercises25/1472Doyouthinkhisbookisthebestpossibletributetothefirefighterswhodied?Itiscertainlyawayofrememberingwhattheysuffered.Wethinkprobablythebestwouldbelookingaftertheirfamiliesforthem.3Whatdoyouthinkthelong-termeffectsofdoingaheroicjoblikethisare?

Itmustbeverystressfulalwayslookingforwardtothenextbigone.4Doyouthinkthatextraordinaryeventslike9/11canmakeordinarypeopleintoheroes?

Yes.WealsosawmanyexamplesofthatduringtheSichuanearthquakewhenmanyordinarypeopledidheroicthings.Exercises26/147Text27/147Lastmandown

Thefireman’sstory11September9:59AM1Itcameasiffromnowhere.2Therewereabouttwodozenofusbythebankofelevatorsonthe35thfloorofthenorthtoweroftheWorldTradeCenter.Wewerefirefighters,mostly,andwewereinvariousstagesofexhaustion.Someguysweresweatinglikepigs.Somehadtheirturnoutcoatsoff,ortiedaroundtheirwaists.Quiteafewwerebreathingheavily.Otherswereraringtogo.Allofusweretakingabeattocatchourbreaths,andourbearings,figureoutwhatthehellwasgoingon.We'dbeenatthisthing,hard,foralmostanhour,somealittlebitless,andwewerenowhereclosetodone.Ofcourse,wehadnoideawhattherewaslefttodo,butwehadn'tmadeadent.Text28/1473Andthenthenoisestarted,andthebuildingbegantotremble,andweallfroze.Deadsolidstill.Whatevertherehadbeenlefttodowouldnowhavetowait.Forwhat,wehadnoidea,butitwouldwait.Or,itwouldn't,butthatwasn'tthepoint.Thepointwasthatnoonewasmoving.Toaman,noonemoved,excepttolifthiseyestotheceiling,toseewheretheracketwascomingfrom.Asifwecouldseeclearthroughtheceilingtilesforaneasyanswer.Noonespoke.Therewasn'ttimetoturnthoughtintowords,eventhoughtherewastimetothink.Text29/147Formeanyway,therewastimetothink,toomuchtimetothink,andmythoughtswereallovertheplace.Everypossibleworst-casescenario,andafewmorebesides.Thebuildingwasshakinglikeinanearthquake,likeanamusementparkthrillridegoneberserk,butitwastherumblethatstruckmestillwithfear.Thesheervolumeofit.Thewayitcoursedrightthroughme.Icouldn'tthinkwhatthehellwouldmakeanoiselikethat.Likeathousandrunawaytrainsspeedingtowardsme.Likeaherdofwildbeasts.Likethethunderofarockslide.Hardtoputitintowords,butwhateverthehellitwasitwasgainingspeed,andgatheringforce,andgettingcloser,andIwasstuckinthemiddle,unabletogetoutofitspath.Text30/1474It'samazing,thekindofthingyouthinkaboutwhenthereshouldbenotimetothink.Ithoughtaboutmywifeandmykids,butonlyfleetinglyandnotinanykindoflife-flashing-before-my-eyessortofway.Ithoughtaboutthejob,howcloseIwastomakingdeputy.IthoughtaboutthebagelsIhadleftonthekitchencounterbackatthefirehouse.Ithoughthowwefiremenwerealwayssayingtoeachother,"I'llseeyouatthebigone."Or,"We'llallmeetatthebigone."Ineverknewhowitstarted,orwhenI'dpickeduponitmyself,butitwaspartofourshorthand.Text31/147Meaning,nomatterhowbigthisfireis,there'llbeanotheronebigger,somewheredowntheroad.We'llmakeitthroughthisone,andwe'llmakeitthroughthatone,too.Ialwayssaidit,atbigfires,andIalwayshearditback,andhereIwas,thinkingIwouldneversayorhearthesewordsagain,becausetherewouldneverbeanotherfireasbigasthis.Thiswasthebigonewehadalltalkedabout,allourlives,andifIhadn'tknownthisbefore–justbeforethesechillingmoments–thissick,blacknoisenowconfirmedit.Text32/1475

Ifumbledforsomefixonthesituation,thinkingmaybeifIunderstoodwhatwashappeningIcouldsteelmyselfagainstit.Allofthesethoughtswerelandinginmybraininakindofflashpoint,oneontopoftheotherandallatonce,buttheretheywere.Andeachthoughtlandedfullyformed,asiftheremightbetimetoactoneach,whenintruththerewasnotimeatall.

Text33/147Postscript6

RichardPicciotto(alsoknownasPitch)wasinthenorthtoweroftheWorldTradeCenterwhenitcollapsedintheaftermathofthemassiveterroristattackon11September.AbattalioncommanderfortheNewYorkFireDepartment,hewasonthesceneofthedisasterwithinminutesoftheattack,toleadsevencompaniesoffirefightersintothetowertohelppeopletrappedandtoextinguishfiresblazingeverywhere.Text34/1477Thenorthtowerwasthefirstofthetwintowerstobehit.Itwasfollowed17minuteslaterbythesouthtower.Thesouthtower,however,wasthefirsttocollapse,at9:59am.Atthatmoment,Picciottowasinthenorthtower,racingupwardsbythestairsbecausetheelevatorswereoutofaction.Hethengavetheordertoevacuate.Onthe12thstoryhecameacross50peopleamidthedebris,toobadlyhurtorfrightenedtomove.Picciottoandhismenhelpedthemdown.Whenhereachedtheseventhfloor,thetowerfell,andhewasburiedbeneaththousandsoftonsofrubble.Heeventuallycameroundfourhourslater,leadinghismentosafety.Text35/1478Picciottowasthehighestrankingfirefightertosurvivetheattack.Thechiefofthedepartment,thefirstdeputyandthechiefofrescueoperationshadallbeenkilled.Altogetherthedeathtollincluded343firefightersandmorethan3,000civilians.Text36/1479PicciottotellsthestoryinhisbookLastManDown.HeusesadramaticfirstpersonstylewhichgivesthereaderanideaofthenightmareandthechaoticconfusionofoneofthedarkestdaysinthehistoryoftheUnitedStates,thetragedynowknowntotheworldsimplyas9/11,butadayofutmosthumanityandheroismtoo.Publishedin,thebookbecameanimmediatebest-seller,whichtheauthorwroteingratitude,andintendedasatributeto,hisdecent

andtrustworthy

comradeswhogavetheirlives.It’salsoatestimonytohisleadershipskills.Ashesays,“Peoplecallusheroes,butwewerejustdoingourjob.”Text37/147最终撤出人：消防员故事年9月11日早晨9时59分1

它似乎是从天而降。2

在世贸中心北塔35层一组电梯旁，当初大约有20多个人。我们中绝大多数是消防员，个个都差不多精疲力竭了。有人大汗淋漓，有脱掉了他们消防战斗服，或是把它们扎在腰间。有好几个人大口地喘着粗气。其它人迫不及待地想要离开这儿。我们全部人都停了下来，想喘口气，清醒一下头脑，搞明白到底出了什么事。我们已经在这儿拼命战斗了差不多一个小时了，有些人时间稍微短一点儿，可我们根本看不见哪里是尽头。当然，我们也不知道自己还能干点儿什么，没有一点儿进展。Text38/1473

接着传来一阵巨大响声，整个大楼开始颤动起来，我们都愣住了。站在那儿一动不动。不论原来要做什么，现在都只能等一下了。可要等什么呢？我们不知道，不过还得等。或许我们不用等，可是问题不在这儿。问题是大家都站在那儿一动不动。全部人中间没有一个人动，只是有些人抬头看了看天花板，想搞清楚这巨大声响到底是从哪儿传来。好像我们都能透过天花板，很轻易就找到答案似。没有些人开口说话。即便是有时间思索，我们也没有时间把思维转变成语言。Text39/147不论怎么说，我还有时间思索，有太多时间去想了，我思绪万千。我想到了每一个可能发生最糟糕情况，还有一些别事情。大楼在猛烈摇摆着，像地震了似，也像是游乐园里惊耸狂奔过山车，可真正让我胆颤心惊是这巨大轰隆声。这声音实在是太大了。好像直接从我身体中飞快地穿了过去。我真想不出来是什么东西会发出如此大响声。好像一千辆失控了火车朝我疾速驶来。好像一群狂奔着野兽。又好像是山崩时发出巨大轰鸣声。太难用语言来形容了，但不论这该死声音是什么，此刻它传得越来越快，声音越来越大，离我们越来越近，而我被困在其中，没有方法逃脱。Text40/1474

真是奇怪，这种时候你应该是没有时间思索，可是你满脑子都在想着那些事。我想到了老婆和孩子，只是在脑海里一闪而过，并不是把自己人生都回顾了一番那样。我想到了工作，我离当上支队长只有一步之遥了。我想到了放在消防队厨柜上面包圈。我想起我们消防员日常总相互打趣说：“在大火中见吧。”或者是“我们必定会在大火中碰面。”我不知道这种说法是怎么来，或者我自己是从什么时候开始说起这种话来，但这就是我们暗语。Text41/147意思是不论这场火有多大，以后在别处还会有比这更大。我们能安然无恙地度过这场火，也会安然无恙地度过下一场火。碰到一场大火时，我总是这么说，也总听他人这么说，可现在我呆在这儿，想着自己再也不会说这么话了，也不会再听到他人这么说了，因为再也不会有比这更大火了。这会是我们大家一辈子都在说那场大火，假如以前——就在这一个个令人胆战心惊瞬间之前——我没有认识到这一点话，现在这浑厚、不祥响声印证了这一点。Text42/1475

我琢磨着有什么方法能改变我们处境。我想假如搞明白了现在发生了什么事，可能我就能应对了。全部这些思绪在我脑子里一个连着一个地闪现，想完一个又是另一个，一时间都堆积在我脑子里。每个想法都是那么完整，好像我有足够时间一个个地付诸行动似，而实际上我根本没有时间。Text43/147后评6

年9月11日，在世贸中心遭到恐怖分子攻击而坍毁时，理查德·皮乔托（也被称作“皮奇”）正在世贸中心北塔里。作为纽约消防局一名大队长，他在攻击发生后几分钟之内就赶到了现场，率领七个中队消防队员进入北塔，解救受困人员，扑灭四处蔓延大火。Text44/1477

北塔是世贸双塔中最先受到攻击。17分钟后南塔也遭到了攻击。而南塔第一个坍毁，时间是9点59分。当初皮乔托正在北塔里，沿着楼梯往上跑，因为电梯根本工作不了了。这时他下达了撤退命令。抵达12层时，他看到了50个人被压在废墟底下，他们有受了重伤动弹不了，有惊慌失措。皮乔托和他部下扶着他们往下走。到第七层时，北塔塌了，他被埋在几千吨瓦砾之下。过了四个小时，他终于醒了过来，领着他部下抵达安全地方。Text45/1478

皮乔托是攻击中幸存下来最高级别消防员。纽约消防局局长、第一支队长以及救援队队长全部都以身殉职了。整个事件中共有343名消防队员献出了生命，超出3,000名平民丧生。Text46/1479

皮乔托在他《最终撤出人》一书中讲述了他经历。他用一个扣人心弦第一人称方式向读者描述了被认为是美国历史上最黑暗日子、也是世人皆知9/11那天，人们所经历噩梦般恐惧和混乱，当然这也是人道主义精神和英雄主义精神展现得最淋漓尽致一天。此书于年一出版就马上成为一本畅销书，作者抱着一颗感恩心写了这本书，并欲以此书向那些品德高尚、值得信赖，并献出了生命战友们致敬。当然，这本书也展示了他领导才能。正如他所说，“人们都称我们为英雄，其实我们只是在干我们本职员作。”Text47/147Words&Phrasesfirefighterraringbearingdentrackettilescenarioshorthandfiremanfirehousebagelfleetingly

rockslideherdrubbleamidevacuateextinguishbattalionmassiveaftermathberserkrumblerunawaypostscriptflashpointfumblechaoticnightmaretoll48/147Words&Phrasestragedyutmostheroismbest-sellergratitudetributedecentleadershiptrustworthycomradetestimony49/147Words&Phrasescomefrom/outofnowheresweatlikepigs

raringtogomakeadenttoamanallovertheplacepickuponsth.

outofaction

onthescene(of)downtheroadmakeitthroughsth.

steeloneself(againststh.)

50/147Words&PhrasesRichardPicciotto理查德·皮乔托（人名）51/147firefighter

n.[C]

someonewhosejobistomakefiresstopburningandhelppeopletoescapefromotherdangeroussituations消防队员fireman

n.[C]

amanwhosejobistostopfiresburning男消防员firefighter

&fireman:somepeoplethinkthat'fireman'isasexistterm,andpreferthepoliticallycorrectterm'firefighter'.Words&Phrases52/147raring

a.veryenthusiasticandeagertodosth.急于做某事；渴望做某事e.g.

1.She’straininghardandraringtoruninthemarathon.

她正在刻苦训练，渴望参加马拉松比赛。2.Shewasraringtogetbacktoherwork.

她急迫希望重新工作。Seealso:

raringtogo.

Words&Phrases53/147bearing

n.[C]anexactposition,usuallymeasuredfromnorth

（通常从北方算起）方位，方向

e.g.

1.Thefirstthingistolearntotakeacompassbearing.

第一件事就是学习区分罗盘方向。2.Followthebearingtothenextcheckpoint.

顺着这个方向到下一个检验点。3.Heisoutofhisbearings.

他迷失方向了。Words&Phrases54/147dent

n.[C]

ahollowareainthesurfaceofsth.,usuallymadebysth.hittingit凹痕；凹坑e.g.

1.Therewasalargedentinthepassengerdoor.

乘客座位那边门上有一大块凹坑。2.Thefrontofthecarhasadentinit.

小汽车前面有一个凹痕。3.Theimpactofthestonesmadelittledentsinthemetal.石头撞击几乎没给金属留下什么凹痕。Seealso:

makeadent.Words&Phrases55/147racket

n.

[sing](infml)aloudnoise喧华声；喧嚷声e.g.

1.Theoldmachineusedtomakeanawfulracket.

这台旧机器以前噪声大得吓人。2.Thestudentskickedupnoendofaracketinthestreet.

这些学生在大街上大吵大闹。3.Sucharacketmademeheadache.这么喧华使我头痛。Words&Phrases56/147tile

n.[C]aflatsquarepieceofbakedclayorothermaterial,usedforcoveringwalls,floorsetc.瓷砖；墙砖

e.g.

1.Ienteredthekitchen,withitsoldtileflooranditscherrywoodcabinets.

我走进了厨房，里面是年月久远瓷砖地面以及樱桃木材质橱柜。2.I’mlayingceramicfloortilesinthekitchen.我正在给厨房地板铺瓷砖。Words&Phrases57/147scenario

n.[C]

asituationthatcouldpossiblyhappen可能发生事；可能出现局面e.g.Imagineascenariowhereonly20%ofpeoplehaveajob.

构想一下这种情况，只有20%人有工作。possible/likely/plausiblescenario：可能情况

e.g.

ThemostlikelyscenarioisthatBrookswillresign.

最可能出现局面是布鲁克斯即将辞职。Words&Phrases58/147berserk

a.outofcontrolwithangerorexcitement;wildorfrenzied非常激动；发狂goberserk1)becomeveryexcited非常激动；发狂e.g.

Thehomecrowdwentberserkwhentheirsidescoredagain.

主场人群在他们一方再次得分之后欣喜若狂。

2)

becomeveryangryandviolent狂怒，暴跳如雷e.g.Dadwentberserkwhenhefoundout.父亲知道以后勃然大怒。Words&Phrases59/147rumble

n.[C]aseriesoflonglowsounds隆隆声；轰隆声e.g.1.Atnightyoucanhearthelowrumbleoftrafficinthedistance.

深夜时分，你能听到远处车辆低沉隆隆声。2.Weheardtheoccasionalrumbleofapassingtruck.

我们偶然听到卡车驶过隆隆声。Words&Phrases60/147runawaya.arunawayvehicleoranimalisoutofcontrol（车辆或动物）失控e.g.

1.arunawayhorse

2.Arunawaycarrolleddownahillandcrashedintotencars.

一辆失控车从山上滚下来，撞了十辆车。Words&Phrases一匹脱缰马61/147herd

n.[C]agroupofanimalsofonekindthatliveandfeedtogether兽群；牧群e.g.

1.Shedrovetheherdofcattlethroughthewilderness.她赶着牛群穿过荒野。2.Theanimalstendtograzeinherd.这些动物喜欢成群地吃草。Words&Phrases62/147rockslide

n.[C]

amassofstonymaterialdepositedbysuchanavalanche岩滑（堆）Words&Phrases63/147fleetingly

ad.

inafleetingmanner

短暂地；简短地fleeting

a.lastingforonlyashorttime短暂；简短e.g.1.Icaughtafleetingglimpseofthemastheydrovepast.

我急忙瞥见他们驱车而过。2.CarolwaspayingafleetingvisittoParis.

卡洛儿正在巴黎做短暂停留。

Words&Phrases64/147Translatethefollowingsentence:Ifyouarelisteningtothat5thgradeEnglishteachercorrectyourgrammarwhileyouaretryingtocaptureafleetingthought,thethoughtwilldie.(CET4--06)

假如你一边想要抓住转瞬即逝思想，一边在听那个五年级英语老师纠正你语法，那么你思想就会消失殆尽。

Words&Phrases65/147bagel

n.

[C]asmallring-shapedtypeofbread小面包圈e.g.Creamcheeseandtomatoestastegreatonabagel.面包圈加上奶酪和西红柿尝起来好吃极了。

Words&Phrases66/147firehouse

n.[C]asmallfirestation,especiallyinasmalltown

消防站e.g.

Duringhisshift,heeatsandsleepsatthefirehouse.

轮到他值班时，吃住都要在消防站。

Words&Phrases67/147shorthand

n.[U]ashorterbutlessclearwayofsayingsth.简略（或隐晦）表示方式e.g.

1.He'sbeen“relocated”,whichisshorthandfor“givenaworsejobalongwayaway”.

他已经被“调职”，这是一个隐晦说法，其实是“到很远地方做一份较差工作”。2.Poetryforhimissimplyashorthandforliteraturethathasaestheticvalue.

在他看来，诗歌就是含有审美价值文学作品简略表示方式。

Words&Phrases68/147fumble

v.

trytohold,move,orfindsth.withyourhandsinanawkwardway拙笨地摸；胡乱探索；搜寻；乱抓e.g.1.Shefumbledforherkeysinherbag.

她在包里胡乱地寻找钥匙。

2.Shereachedroundtofumblethelighton.

她伸手摸着去开灯。

Words&Phrases69/147flashpoint

n.[C,U]asituationinwhichseriousproblemsarelikelytodevelop

紧急关头；临界点e.g.

1.Thecrisisinthattroubledcountrynearedaflashpointlastweek.

那个多灾多难国家所潜伏危机在上周几乎一触即发。2.Communityunrestisapproachingtheflashpoint.

群众不安定情绪已靠近一触即发之势。Words&Phrases70/147postscript

n.[C]

1)informationaddedtotheendofastory,article,orreport

（故事、文章或报道结束后）补充信息，附言e.g.There'saninterestingpostscripttothistale.

这个故事后面有一段有趣附记。2)anadditionalremarkattheendofaletter,afterthesignatureandintroducedby“PS”附笔，又及e.g.Headdedapostscriptattheendoftheletter:“Leavingtomorrow”.

他在信末附言：“明日出发”。Words&Phrases71/147aftermath

n.theeffectsandresultsofsth.badorimportant

（不良或主要事件）结果，后果，余殃e.g.

1.Howwouldtheycopewiththeaftermathofthewar?

他们会怎样处理战争后果？2.Inthe

aftermath

ofthehurricane,manypeople'shomesweredestroyed.

飓风后果是许多人家园被毁。Words&Phrases72/147massive

a.

1)verysevere严重e.g.Hewasbornwithamassiveheartattack.

他天生就有严重心脏病。2)verylarge,solidandheavy

大而重；厚重e.g.Thebellismassive,weighingover40tons.

这口钟非常大，有40多吨重。3)verylargeinamountordegree大量，大规模e.g.Theweddinggotmassivemediacoverage.

婚礼得到大众传输媒介广泛报道。Words&Phrases73/147battalion

n.[C]1)anorganizationorunitwithinthedivisioninFDNY（纽约消防局）大队e.g.FDNYareorganizedintofiveboroughcommands.WithinthoseBoroughCommandsexistninedivisions,eachheadedbyaDeputyChief.Withineachdivisionoperatefourtosevenbattalions,ledbyaBattalionChief.

纽约消防局下设5个区，5个区下面共有9个支队，领导为支队长。每个支队有4—7个大队，领导是大队长。2)alargegroupofsoldiersthatconsistsofthreeormoresmallergroupscalledcompanies营（由三个或三个以上连组成）e.g.The

battalion'soutpostswerecalledin.

这个营前哨被召回。Words&Phrases74/147extinguish

vt.(fml)makeafireorcigarettestopburning.(Amoreusualwordisputout.)熄灭；扑灭e.g.

1.Theyfoughtforhourstoextinguishthefire.他们奋战了几个小时把火扑灭。2.

Pleaseextinguishallcigarettes.

请熄灭全部香烟。Wordfamily:extinguisher

n.

灭火器

Words&Phrases75/147evacuate

v.

leaveabuildingorotherplacebecauseitisnotsafe

撤离，撤出（某危险建筑物或地方）e.g.

1.Ifthealarmsounds,allstudentsshouldevacuateimmediately.

假如警报响起，全部学生都应该马上撤离。2.DuringthewarhewasevacuatedtoScotland.

战争期间，他被撤离到苏格兰。Wordfamily:evacuation

n.

撤离

evacueen.

被疏散人员Words&Phrases76/147amid

prep.ifsth.happensamidnoise,shouting,laughteretc,ithappenswhilethereisalotofnoiseetcallaround;ifsth.happensamidparticularfeelingsorevents,ithappenswhilepeoplehavethesefeelingsorwhiletheseeventsarehappening

（在声音等）包围中；在……中间；在……气氛下e.g.

1.Normansteppedontothestageamidapplause.

诺曼在掌声中走上了舞台。2.Hedrankoffaglassofbeer

amid

theircheers.

在他们欢呼声中，他把杯子里啤酒一饮而尽。3.Talksbrokedownamidaccusationsofahostiletakeoverbid.谈判在对敌意接管一片指责声中破裂了。Words&Phrases77/147rubble