2023-2024学年重庆市缙云教育联盟高一（上）月考英语试卷（9月份）

2023-2024学年重庆市缙云教育联盟高一（上）月考英语试卷（9月份）阅读（共两节，满分50.0分）1．（7.5分）AcademicYear（学年）atNewcastleUniversityintheUKIfyou'restayingwithusforthenextacademicyear，youmightbewonderingabouttermdatesandassessment（测评）periods.Here'showthenextacademicyearwilllook.Term1Therewillbeaone﹣weektrainingcourseontheweekbeginningon18Septemberthisyear.Teachingonmostprogrammeswillstarton25September.Teachinginthistermwilllastfor12weeks，withanenrichmentweek，allowingyoutostopandthinkofyourlearning，ortoexplorenewskills.Duringtheenrichmentweekwe'llberunningmanyeventsforyoutotakepartin.AftertheWinterBreak，therewillbeatwo﹣weekassessmentperiodbeginningon8Januarynextyear，followedbyaone﹣weekbreakfrom22January.Term2TeachinginTerm2willbeginon29Januaryandwilllastfor12weeks，includingarevisionweek，allowingyoutofocusonyourstudiesandtocatchup.TheassessmentperiodforTerm2willbeginon20Mayandwilllastforthreeweeks.Term3ForourstudentsonPostgraduateTaughtprogrammes，Term3willbeginon21Juneandfinishon13September.（1）What'sspecialaboutTerm1？A．Thereisatrainingcourse.B．Ithasnoassessmentperiods.C．Ithasthelongestteachingweeks.D．ItincludesPostgraduateTaughtprogrammes.（2）WhenwillTerm3start？A．On8January.B．On20May.C．On21June.D．On13September.（3）Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom？A．ADIYcourse.B．Ahistorybook.C．Aschoolcalendar.D．Atravelguide.2．（10分）Inaworldwhereactsofkindnessoftengounnoticed，agoodstorythathasbeendiscoveredremindsusofthepowerofcareandtheeffectitcanhaveonsomeone'slife.Itallstartedwitha"KindnessWeekChallenge"giventoBrennanbyhis8th﹣gradeteacher，Ms.Watkins.Littledidheknowthatthischallengewouldleadtoawonderfulfriendshipwith84﹣year﹣oldMs.Ann.Brennan'spromisetosendhislittleattractivethingseverydayforaweekdevelopedahabitofcheckinguponMs.Annandsendinggiftsregularly（定期地），longafterthechallengewasover.Theirfriendshiphasnowlastedforoverfiveyears，andBrennanstillvisitsMs.Anneverymonthwithflowers，cakes，chocolates，cardsandmore.Theytalkabouteverythingfromhishighschoollifetohiscollegegoals.Thepairhasfoundthattheyshareacommonloveofchocolates.Ms.Annalwayshopestohearaboutwhathe'sdoingandlovestoshareherownstoriesfromadifferenttime.Theyhavebecomethebestfriends，withBrennantreatingherashisgreat﹣grandmother.Brennan'smom，Traci，takesprideinherson.Shesaid，"Thebestthingateenagercandoistotakecareoftheelderly.I'msogladmysonhasaddedmoresunshinetoMs.Ann'slife.Ihopehealwaysremembersthejoyhe'sbroughther，andhisfuntalkswithher，keepshiskindheart，andthinksofothers."Ms.Ann'sdaughterEmma，withherhusbandGould，hasa2﹣year﹣oldson.TheyarethankfulforBrennan'sfriendshipastheycannotalwaysbewithMs.Ann.Brennan'skindhearthasbroughtmoresunshineintoMs.Ann'slife，andherencouragingwordshavehelpedtoinspire（启发）himinreturn.（1）Howdidthetask"KindnessWeekChallenge"affectBrennan？A．Hediscoveredhisloveofchocolates.B．HebecameagoodfriendofMs.Ann.C．Hedevelopedahabitofreceivinggifts.D．Helearnedhowtochooseattractivethings.（2）WhatdoBrennanandMs.Annbothlike？A．Flowers.B．Cakes.C．Chocolates.D．Cards.（3）WhatmakesTracifeelproudofBrennan？A．Hiskindnesstoothers.B．Histalentfortellingstories.C．Hisgoodperformancesatschool.D．Hisabilitytoearnmoneyforthegifts.（4）HowdoMs.Ann'sfamilyfeelaboutBrennan？A．Worried.B．Sorry.C．Thankful.D．Surprised.3．（10分）EverychildinMontanawillhaveachancetogetfreebooksfromDollyParton'sImaginationLibrarywhichisinpartnershipwiththestate'sfirstlady，SusanGianforte.DollyParton'sImaginationLibraryisabookgiftingprogramtoimprovechildhoodliteracyandaloveforreading.Theprogramprovidesfreeage﹣appropriate（与年龄相符的）bookstochildrenfrombirthtoagefive，regardlessofthemoneytheirfamilymakes.Byprovidingfreebooksandimprovingearlyreadingability，theprogramhopestoimproveeducationaloutcomesandcreateafoundation（基础）foralifelongloveoflearninginyoungchildren."I'msoexcitedtobestartingmyImaginationLibrarywidelyinMontana!"saidParton."IwanttosendmyveryspecialthankstofirstladySusanGianforteforherpartnershipinmakingthisamazinggiftavailable（可获得的）tochildrenandfamiliesacrossthestate."Parton'sImaginationLibrarywillprovideafreebookeachmonthtoanyMontanachild，ages0to5yearsold，whoisregisteredwiththeorganization."Theabilityofreadingandwritinghelpsthekidsalotwiththeirdevelopment.Whenparentsreadtotheirkidsorwhenthekidsreadalone，booksattractthem，firetheirimagination，andsparktheircuriosity，"Gianfortesaid.（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"literacy"inparagraph2mean？A．Theideaofsharing.B．Thehabitoflistening.C．Theskillofsolvingproblems.D．Theabilityofreadingandwriting.（2）Howdoestheprogramhelpyoungchildrenbuildalifelongloveoflearning？A．Bysellingbooksstatewide.B．ByworkingtogetherwithGianforte.C．Byimprovingtheirearlyreadingability.D．Byorganizinglearningactivitiesfortheirparents.（3）AtwhatagecanachildinMontanagetafreebookeachmonth？A．4.B．6.C．7.D．8.（4）WhatdoesGianfortethinkofchildren'searlyreading？A．It'scostly.B．It'simportant.C．It'sdifficult.D．It'sdoubtful.4．（10分）Perhapsthemostchallengingthingaboutearthquakesisthegreatuncertaintyaroundwhereandwhentheyarelikelytostrike，whichmakestakingactionthatmaysaveliveschallenging.EarthquakesbringaboutredistributionofmassandthisgeneratesobservablechangesoftheEarth'sgravitationalfield，measurableusingspecializedinstruments.Highaccuracygravitymeasurementsmayprovideausefultooltohelpwithmanagingtheriskbyidentifyingwhichfaults（断层）areunderstressandmostlikelytobeactive.Bymonitoringtheprogressionoffaultmovements，it'spossibletogetamedium﹣termoutlookonwhichareasaremostlikelytobeaffectedwhenthenextearthquakehappens.Currentearthquakewarningsystemsarebasedonnetworkswhichdetecttheearlyarrival"P"seismic（地震的）wavespriortothearrivalofthemoredestructivewaves，butareunabletorespondbeforethegroundmovementshavealreadystarted，greatlylimitinghowadvancedthewarningcanbe.Whileawarningcausedbyagravitysignalmightonlygiveafewadditionalseconds，suchawarningcanprovideextratimetoallowthepublictotakepreventativeaction.However，makingmeasurementsofgravitywithsufficientaccuracy，long﹣termstabilityanddatasamplingratetoachievethesesignalsisofcoursechallenging.Detectionofsmallsignalsforearlywarningsystemsisgreatlylimitedbythebackgroundseismicnoisewhichaffectsthesensorreadings.Obtainingmeasurementswhicharestableoverlongperiodsoftimeandconsistentbetweendifferentsensorsisdifficulttoo.TheQuantumTechnologyHubforSensorsandTimingledbytheUniversityofBirminghamisdevelopingsensorswhichmeetthesechallengesbyemployingthequantum（量子）behaviourofcoldatomstomeasuregravityaccurately.Aswellasthecoldatomsensorsbeingextremelysensitivetosmallchangesinthegravitationalfield，theidentical（完全相同的）natureofatomsmakesthemidealtestmasseswhichgiveconsistentresults.Furthermore，bymeasuringtwoseparatedatomcloudsatthesametime，commonbackgroundseismicnoisecanbecontrolled，whichhelpstoovercomethelimitationsofseismicnoiseandallowsfastandaccuratemeasurements.（1）Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph2？A．Howearthquakesareformed.B．Howpeoplecanbetterpredictearthquakes.C．Whatisusedtomonitorearthquakes.D．Whatisthewaytoidentifyactivefaults.（2）Whataffectstheaccuracyofearlywarningsystems？A．Thenumberofsensors.B．Thetemperatureofatoms.C．Thebackgroundseismicnoise.D．Thestrengthofseismicwaves.（3）Whatmakesatomsperfecttestmasses？A．Theyhavethesamenature.B．Theyaretiny.C．Theyaresensitivetotemperature.D．Theycanremovetheseismicnoise.（4）Whatisthepurposeofthetext？A．Todisplaytheuncertaintyofearthquakes.B．Toshowthechallengesindetectingearthquakes.C．Todiscusstheaccuracyofearthquakewarningsystems.D．Tointroduceatechnologytoimproveearthquakedetection.5．（12.5分）TheFeynmanTechnique（费曼学习法）isapowerfulmethodthatyoucanusetolearnanythingfasterbecauseitforcesyoutoactivelythinkabouttheprobleminsteadofpassivelyreadingorlisteningtosomeoneelsetalkaboutit.Youcantakethefollowingfivesimplestepstostudybetter.•Findoutthetopicyouwanttolearn.（1）Otherwise，you'llendupjumpingbetweentopicswithoutdevelopingadeeperunderstandingofanyofthem.•Explainthetopicasifteachingasixth﹣grader.ThisstepistheheartoftheFeynmanTechnique—（2）.Thisrequiresyoutomeetthechildattheirlevelofunderstandingbyusingthesimplestway..Identifyareasofimprovementinyourexplanation.You'llneedtocritically（批判性地）reviewtheexplanationyoucaneupwithinStepTwo（3）.Trytofindanyknowledgegaps，togetherwithanyareaswhereyoufeltthatyoucouldn'texplainthetopicsimply.•Improveandoptimize（优化）yourexplanation.Thinkaboutalltheknowledgegapsandotherareasofimprovementyoufoundbefore.（4）•Repeatthestepsuntilyou'veachievedmasteryofthetopic.Keepgoingthrougheachstepyou'refullysatisfiedwithyourexplanation.（5），andthatiswhygoingthroughallthepriorstepsjustonceisusuallynotenoughtoachievetopicmastery.A．UsethosetoimproveyourexplanationB．Todoso，takeacriticallookatyourexplanationC．Makesurethatyourexplanationisinterest﹣basedD．YourexplanationsneedtobeshortandtothepointE．TheFeynmanTechniqueworksbestwitharepeatF．It'simportantthatyouclearlyknowthetopicsyou'retryingtolearnG．Explainingthetopicsimplyenoughtobeunderstoodbyasixth﹣gradestudent语言运用（共两节，满分30分）6．（15分）IlivewithmyhusbandJackinIowa，whichisfarawayfromFlorida.Oneday，myhusbandsuddenlydecidedtoplay（1）inFlorida."WhyFlorida？"Iwantedtoknow."Wearesobusyeverydaywithourwork.Whynotsomeplace（2）？""Because，"hesaid，"Floridaisfamousforgolf.It'sjustsomethingI（3）todo."（4），Ididunderstand.Justaweekorsobefore，I（5）adiaryofminefrommyteenageyears.WhatreallygotmeaboutitwasthelistI'd（6）ontheveryfirstpage—ThingsI'mGoingToDo.ButuntilnowIhaven'tdoneathirdofthem!SowhenJacktalkedaboutplayingin（7），itgotmethinking.TherewerealotofthingsIwantedto（8）.TheywereallthesamethingsasI'ddecidedtodo（9）Iwassixteen.Butalwaysbecauseofsomereasons，myplans（10）tobecarriedout.Inordertomakeourlifewithout（11），ItoldJack，"Nowlet'sdrawupallourlifelistsandhavethem（12）onebyonetogether."ThatwashowourjourneytoFlorida（13）.Aftermanyyears，ourplanswereallfinished.（14）I'velearnedthatthesecretistotakelife（15）.Ifyou'reintoomuchofahurry，youneedtostop，oryouwillflypastallthethingsthatarethemostfun.（1）A．footballB．golfC．basketballD．volleyball（2）A．fartherB．closerC．largerD．warmer（3）A．dreamB．hurryC．refuseD．afford（4）A．InfactB．ForexampleC．AtonceD．Incase（5）A．lentB．boughtC．missedD．found（6）A．calledB．practisedC．madeD．explained（7）A．GeorgiaB．HawaiiC．IowaD．Florida（8）A．supportB．learnC．finishD．prepare（9）A．whereB．whenC．althoughD．because（10）A．cameB．roseC．failedD．happened（11）A．regretB．hopeC．difficultyD．difference（12）A．turneddownB．takenawayC．putoutD．carriedout（13）A．startedB．changedC．appearedD．stopped（14）A．SimplyB．FinallyC．QuietlyD．Sadly（15）A．earlyB．busyC．slowD．fast7．（15分）Chinawillestablishanewbatchofnationalparks，includingHuanghekou，Qianjiangyuan﹣BaishanzuandKalamayli，inasteadyand（1）（order）manner，GuanZhiou，headoftheNationalForestryandGrasslandAdministration，saidonSaturday.SpeakingatthesecondNationalParkForumheldinXining，capitalofQinghaiprovince，GuansaidChinahasadoptedthestrictestmeasures（2）（strengthen）theprotectionoftheauthenticityandintegrityoftheecosystem，andpromotethecontinuousimprovementofecologicalfunctions.China'snationalparksarespecificlandorseaareas（3）mainpurposeistopreservethe（4）（national）representativenaturalecosystemsofthecountryandrealizethescientificprotectionandreasonableuseofnaturalresources.In2021，Chinaestablishedthefirstbatchofnationalparks，with（5）protectedlandareaof230，000squarekm.Theseparks，includingtheSanjiangyuanNationalPark，theGiantPandaNationalPark，theNortheastChinaTigerandLeopardNationalParkandsoon，arehometonearly30percentofthekeyterrestrial（陆生的）wildlifespecies（6）（find）inthecountry."TheSanjiangyuanparkrealizedthefullprotectionofthesourceoftheYangtze，YellowandLancang（7）（river）andtheTibetanantelopepopulationhasrecoveredtoover70，000.IntheGiantPandaNationalPark，morethan70percentofwildpandasare（8）goodprotection，"theofficialadded."Efforts（9）（make）topromotehigh﹣levelprotectionandfacilitatethepromulgation（颁布）oftheNationalParkLaw，"Guansaid，（10）（add）thatChinawillalsoincreasetheapplicationofnewtechnologies，buildaworld﹣classscientificresearchmonitoringplatform，andstrengthennationalparkmanagementcapabilities.写作（共两节，满分40分）8．（15分）假设你是红星中学高二（1）班学生李华，你校将在下周五举办"校园环保日"（CampusGreenLivingDay）系列活动（如做低碳生活主题演讲，学习垃圾分类，进社区宣传等）。请给你班留学生Jim写封邮件，邀请他参加你所选择的活动。邮件的内容包括：（1）介绍你选择的活动内容；（2）说明参加该活动的理由；（3）询问是否愿意参加该活动。注意：（1）词数100左右；（2）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim，Yourssincerely，LiHua9．（25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。OnFebruary15，1910，IrenaKrzyzanowskawasborninWarsaw，Poland.IrenastudiedPolishliteratureatWarsawUniversity，andeventuallyjoinedthePolishSocialistParty.ThenWorldWarIIbrokeout.Itwas1940andGermanyhadtakenover.TheGermanshadbegunshiftingWarsaw'spopulationof380，000JewstoaseparateGhetto（聚居区）.IrenaworkedintheWarsawhealthdepartmentandwasallowedtoentertheGhetto.IrenawasamemberofZegota（援助犹太人委员会），asecretorganizationsetupbythePolishgovernment.ThegoalofZegotawastorescuePolishJews.Irena'sjobwastorescueasmanychildrenasshecould.Regardlessofthedangeritposed，IrenabeganaidingJewsinearnest（真挚地）intheearly1940s.Sheandhersympatheticco﹣workerscreatedmorethan3，000falsedocumentstohelpJewishfamilies，andthatwasjustthebeginningoftheefforts.Irenaandherteambegansmugglingchildrenoutduringthesevisits.Theyusedvariousmethods，suchashidingtheminambulances，leadingthemthroughsewerpipesorundergroundpassages，evenstuffingthemintosuitcasesorboxesthatthey'dthentakethroughthecourtyardtothenon﹣Jewisharea.Irenawashelpedbyanetworkofover30volunteers，mostofwhomwerewomen.Theirhopewastogetthechildrenbacktotheirfamiliesoncethewarwaswon.Irenaandherhelpersnotedthenamesofthechildrenoncigarettepapersandsealedtheminglassbottles.Thentheyburiedthebottlesinafriend'sgardenforsafekeeping.Whenthewarwasdone，thebottlesweredugupandthelistshandedtoJewishrepresentatives.Sadly，reunitingthechildrenwiththeirparentsprovedmostlyimpossible，asalmostallhadbeenkilledinconcentrationcamps.注意：续写词数应为150左右。ThePolishGovernmenthonoredIrenamanyawards._______Sheinsistedthatshedidnothingspecial._______

2023-2024学年重庆市缙云教育联盟高一（上）月考英语试卷（9月份）参考答案与试题解析阅读（共两节，满分50.0分）1．【分析】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了英国纽卡斯尔大学下一学年的计划安排。【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段Therewillbeaone﹣weektrainingcourseontheweekbeginningon18Septemberthisyear.（今年9月18日开始的那一周将有一个为期一周的培训课程。）可知，第一学期的特殊之处是有一个为期一周的培训课程。故选A。（2）细节理解题。根据最后一段ForourstudentsonPostgraduateTaughtprogrammes，Term3willbeginon21Juneandfinishon13September.（对于研究生授课型课程的学生，第三学期将于6月21日开始，9月13日结束。）可在，第三学期在六月二十一日开始。故选C。（3）文章来源题。根据标题AcademicYear（学年）atNewcastleUniversityintheUK.（英国纽卡斯尔大学学年。）和第一段Ifyou'restayingwithusforthenextacademicyear，youmightbewonderingabouttermdatesandassessment（测评）periods.Here'showthenextacademicyearwilllook.（如果你下一学年和我们在一起，你可能想知道学期日期和评估期。以下是下一学年的情况。）可知，本文是一所大学的学期时间和课程等的安排，因此推断文章选自校历。A．ADIYcourse一个DIY课程；B．Ahistorybook一本历史书；C．Aschoolcalendar一本学校校历；D．Atravelguide一份旅行指南。故选C。【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项填写出正确答案。2．【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了八年级学生布伦南照顾84岁的安女士的故事，两人互相影响成了忘年交。【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段内容Itallstartedwitha"KindnessWeekChallenge"giventoBrennanbyhis8th﹣gradeteacher，Ms.Watkins.Littledidheknowthatthischallengewouldleadtoawonderfulfriendshipwith84﹣year﹣oldMs.Ann.（这一切都始于布伦南的八年级老师沃特金斯女士给他的"仁爱周挑战"。他一点也不知道，这个挑战会让他与84岁的安女士建立起一段美好的友谊。）可知，"仁爱周挑战"任务对布伦南的影响是布伦南成了安女士的好朋友。故选B。（2）细节理解题。根据第五段的Thepairhasfoundthattheyshareacommonloveofchocolates.（这两个人发现他们都喜欢巧克力。）可知，布伦南和安女士都喜欢巧克力。故选C。（3）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的Brennan'smom，Traci，takesprideinherson.Shesaid，"Thebestthingateenagercandoistotakecareoftheelderly.I'msogladmysonhasaddedmoresunshinetoMs.Ann'slife.（布伦南的妈妈特蕾西以儿子为荣。她说："一个青少年能做的最好的事情就是照顾老人。我很高兴我的儿子给安女士的生活增添了更多的阳光。）可知，特蕾西为布伦南感到自豪的是他对他人的善意。故选A。（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段的Ms.Ann'sdaughterEmma，withherhusbandGould，hasa2﹣year﹣oldson.TheyarethankfulforBrennan'sfriendshipastheycannotalwaysbewithMs.Ann.（安的女儿艾玛和丈夫古尔德育有一个两岁的儿子。他们感谢布伦南的友谊，因为他们不能永远和安女士在一起。）可知，安女士的家人对布伦南是非常感激的。故选C。【点评】阅读理解要注意结合题目去文章中找答题依据，不可以凭空猜测，通过准确理解句意答对题目。3．【分析】这是一篇说明文，本文主要介绍的是DollyParton'sImagination图书馆的相关情况。【解答】（1）词句猜测题。根据第二段的andaloveforreading（还有对阅读的热爱。）和最后一句Byprovidingfreebooksandimprovingearlyreadingability，theprogramhopestoimproveeducationaloutcomesandcreateafoundation（基础）foralifelongloveoflearninginyoungchildren.（通过提供免费书籍和提高早期阅读能力，该项目希望改善教育成果，并为幼儿终身热爱学习奠定基础。）可知，DollyParton'sImagination图书馆是通过给学生赠书来提高孩子的阅读能力，因此划线词literacy的意思是"阅读和写作能力"，和D选项"Theabilityofreadingandwriting（阅读和写作能力）"。故选D。（2）细节理解题。根据第二段的Byprovidingfreebooksandimprovingearlyreadingability，theprogramhopestoimproveeducationaloutcomesandcreateafoundation（基础）foralifelongloveoflearninginyoungchildren.（通过提供免费书籍和提高早期阅读能力，该项目希望改善教育成果，并为幼儿终身热爱学习奠定基础。）可知，这个项目通过提高他们的早期阅读能力帮助孩子们建立对学习的终身热爱，故选C。（3）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Parton'sImaginationLibrarywillprovideafreebookeachmonthtoanyMontanachild，ages0to5yearsold，whoisregisteredwiththeorganization.（Parton'sImagination图书馆每个月将为蒙大拿州所有在该组织注册的0到5岁的孩子提供一本免费的书。）可知，蒙大拿州0到5岁的孩子每月可以得到一本免费的书，因此4岁的孩子每月可以得到一本免费的书。故选A。（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段的"Theabilityofreadingandwritinghelpsthekidsalotwiththeirdevelopment.Whenparentsreadtotheirkidsorwhenthekidsreadalone，booksattractthem，firetheirimagination，andsparktheircuriosity，"Gianfortesaid.（"阅读和写作能力对孩子的发展有很大的帮助。当父母给孩子读书或孩子独自读书时，书籍会吸引他们，激发他们的想象力，激发他们的好奇心。"Gianforte说道。）可知，Gianforte觉得儿童的早期阅读很重要，A．It'scostly它是昂贵的；B．It'simportant它是重要的；C．It'sdifficult它是困难的；D．It'sdoubtful它是令人怀疑的。故选B。【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。4．【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了地震预测方面存在的问题以及目前通过计时量子技术在这方面的改进。【解答】（1）段落大意题。根据第二段EarthquakesbringaboutredistributionofmassandthisgeneratesobservablechangesoftheEarth'sgravitationalfield，measurableusingspecializedinstruments.Highaccuracygravitymeasurementsmayprovideausefultooltohelpwithmanagingtheriskbyidentifyingwhichfaults（断层）areunderstressandmostlikelytobeactive.Bymonitoringtheprogressionoffaultmovements，it'spossibletogetamedium﹣termoutlookonwhichareasaremostlikelytobeaffectedwhenthenextearthquakehappens.（地震带来了质量的重新分配，从而产生了地球引力场的可观测变化，可以用专门的仪器测量。高精度重力测量可以提供一种有用的工具，通过识别哪些断层处于压力下并且最有可能处于活动状态来帮助管理风险。通过监测断层运动的进展，有可能得到一个中期的预测，当下一次地震发生时，哪些地区最有可能受到影响）可知，第二段主要讨论了人们如何更好地预测地震。故选B。（2）细节理解题。根据第五段Detectionofsmallsignalsforearlywarningsystemsisgreatlylimitedbythebackgroundseismicnoisewhichaffectsthesensorreadings.（地震背景噪声对传感器读数的影响极大地限制了预警系统对小信号的检测）可知，影响预警系统准确性的因素是地震背景噪声。故选C。（3）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Aswellasthecoldatomsensorsbeingextremelysensitivetosmallchangesinthegravitationalfield，theidentical（完全相同的）natureofatomsmakesthemidealtestmasseswhichgiveconsistentresults.（除了冷原子传感器对引力场的微小变化极其敏感外，原子的相同性质使它们成为理想的测试质量，可以给出一致的结果）可知，原子的相同性质使它们成为理想的测试物。故选A。（4）目的意图题。根据倒数第二段TheQuantumTechnologyHubforSensorsandTimingledbytheUniversityofBirminghamisdevelopingsensorswhichmeetthesechallengesbyemployingthequantum（量子）behaviourofcoldatomstomeasuregravityaccurately.（由伯明翰大学领导的传感器和定时量子技术中心正在开发传感器，利用冷原子的量子行为来精确测量重力，以应对这些挑战）结合文章介绍了在预测地震方面存在的问题以及目前新技术的优势，由此推断本文的目的是介绍一种改进地震探测的技术。选项D．Tointroduceatechnologytoimproveearthquakedetection.（介绍一种改进地震探测的技术）符合本文写作目的。故选D。【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。5．【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是五步更好学习的费曼学习法。【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据空前Findoutthetopicyouwanttolearn.（找出你想学的主题。）可知，本段建议找出想学的主题；以及空后Otherwise，you'llendupjumpingbetweentopicswithoutdevelopingadeeperunderstandingofanyofthem.（否则，你最终会在各个主题之间跳来跳去，而对其中任何一个都没有深入的了解。）可知，前面强调找出主题的重要性。F项"对自己要学习的主题做到心里有数是很重要的"符合语境。故选F。（2）细节理解题。根据空前Explainthetopicasifteachingasixth﹣grader.ThisstepistheheartoftheFeynmanTechnique（像教六年级学生一样解释这个话题。这一步是费曼技巧的核心），其中sixth﹣grader和选项中照应词sixth﹣gradestudent；以及空后Thisrequiresyoutomeetthechildattheirlevelofunderstandingbyusingthesimplestway.（这就要求你用最简单的方式满足孩子的理解水平。）可知，满足孩子理解水平需要简洁解释，故G项"简洁明了地解释这个主题，足以让一个六年级的学生理解"符合语境。故选G。（3）联系上文题。据空前You'llneedtocritically（批判性地）reviewtheexplanationyoucameupwithinStepTwo.（您需要批判性地回顾您在第二步中提出的解释。）可知，下面介绍了如何批判性回顾这个解释，B项"要做到这一点，你需要批判性地看看你的解释"符合语境。故选B。（4）联系上文题。根据空前Improveandoptimize（优化）yourexplanation.Thinkaboutalltheknowledgegapsandotherareasofimprovementyoufoundbefore.（改进和优化你的解释。想想你之前发现的所有知识差距和其他需要改进的地方。）可知，其中出现和选项中照应词improveyourexplanation，并给出了如何改进优化的方法，故A项"用这些来改进你的解释"符合语境。故选A。（5）联系上文题。根据空前Repeatthestepsuntilyou'veachievedmasteryofthetopic.Keepgoingthrougheachstepyou'refullysatisfiedwithyourexplanation.（重复这些步骤，直到你完全掌握了这个主题。继续进行每一步，直到你对自己的解释完全满意。）可知，这里建议重复，以及出现和选项中照应词repeat，故E项"费曼学习法在重复时效果最好"符合语境。故选E。【点评】关于选句填空的做题步骤：步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。步骤五：区分相似项。语言运用（共两节，满分30分）6．【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者的丈夫想去佛罗里达州打高尔夫球，这让作者想起了自己十几岁时写下的"我要做的事情"的清单，而作者只完成了其中的三分之一。为了让生活更加充实，作者决定与丈夫一起制定生活清单并逐一完成。作者认识到生活的秘诀在于放慢脚步，不要急于过快地度过人生中最有趣的事情。【解答】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.football足球；B.golf高尔夫球；C.basketball篮球；D.volleyball排球。句意：有一天，我丈夫突然决定去佛罗里达打高尔夫球。根据后文"Floridaisfamousforgolf."可知，作者的丈夫要去佛罗里达打高尔夫球。故选B。（2）考查形容词及语境理解。A.farther更远的；B.closer更近的；C.larger更大的；D.warmer更暖和的。句意：为什么不找个更近的地方？根据前文"Wearesobusyeverydaywithourwork."可知，作者觉得每天工作都很忙，应该选择一个近一点的地方。故选B。（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.dream梦想；B.hurry匆忙；C.refuse拒绝；D.afford负担得起。句意：这是我梦想着做的事情。根据后文"WhatreallygotmeaboutitwasthelistI'd（6）________ontheveryfirstpage—ThingsI'mGoingToDo.ButuntilnowIhaven'tdoneathirdofthem!"可知，通过翻看自己之前的心愿清单，作者明白了丈夫的想法，因此用dream"梦想"呼应ThingsI'mGoingToDo，表示去佛罗里达打高尔夫是丈夫一直以来的梦想。故选A。（4）考查介词短语及语境理解。A.Infact实际上；B.Forexample例如；C.Atonce立刻；D.Incase以防万一。句意：实际上，我确实是能够明白的。根据后文"WhatreallygotmeaboutitwasthelistI'd（6）________ontheveryfirstpage—ThingsI'mGoingToDo.ButuntilnowIhaven'tdoneathirdofthem!"可知，通过翻看自己之前的心愿清单，作者确实明白了丈夫想去佛罗里达打高尔夫的梦想。故选A。（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.lent借；B.bought买；C.missed错过；D.found找到。句意：就在大约一个星期前，我发现了我十几岁时的一本日记。根据后文"adiaryofminefrommyteenageyears"可知，作者发现了自己十几岁时的一本日记。故选D。（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.called称呼；B.practised练习；C.made做；D.explained解释。句意：真正打动我的是我在第一页列的清单﹣﹣﹣我要做的事情。根据前文"thelist"可知，作者做出了这份清单。故选C。（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.Georgia乔治亚；B.Hawaii夏威夷；C.Iowa爱荷华；D.Florida佛罗里达。句意：所以当杰克谈到要去佛罗里达打球时，我开始思考。根据前文"Oneday，myhusbandsuddenlydecidedtoplay（1）________inFlorida."可知，作者的丈夫杰克谈到去佛罗里达打球。故选D。（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.support支持；B.learn学习；C.finish完成；D.prepare准备。句意：有很多事情我想完成。根据前文"WhatreallygotmeaboutitwasthelistI'd（6）________ontheveryfirstpage—ThingsI'mGoingToDo."可知，清单上列举着作者想要完成的事情，此处表示作者有很多事要完成。故选C。（9）考查连词及语境理解。A.where在……地方；B.when当……时；C.although尽管；D.because因为。句意：这些都是我16岁时决定要做的事情。根据下文"Iwassixteen"可知，当作者16岁时，作者有很多事情要做。故选B。（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.came来；B.rose升起；C.failed失败；D.happened发生。句意：但总是因为一些原因，我的计划未能执行。根据上文"Butalwaysbecauseofsomereasons"可知，总是因为一些原因，所以作者的计划未能执行。故选C。（11）考查名词及语境理解。A.regret后悔；B.hope希望；C.difficulty困难；D.difference区别。句意：为了让我们的生活无怨无悔，我对杰克说："现在让我们把我们所有的人生清单都列出来，一起一个接一个地执行。"根据后文"Nowlet'sdrawupallourlifelistsandhavethem（12）________onebyonetogether."可知，作者认为去执行一个又一个的人生清单，这样会让生活不带有遗憾。故选A。（12）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.turneddown拒绝；B.takenaway拿走；C.putout熄灭；D.carriedout执行。句意：为了让我们的生活无怨无悔，我对杰克说："现在让我们把我们所有的人生清单都列出来，一起一个接一个地执行。"根据后文"onebyonetogether"可知，作者去执行一个又一个的人生清单。故选D。（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.started开始；B.changed改变；C.appeared出现；D.stopped停止。句意：我们的佛罗里达之旅就是这样开始的。根据前文"ourjourneytoFlorida"可知，作者和丈夫的旅行是这样开始的，即通过制定一个一个的人生清单并且去执行它。故选A。（14）考查副词及语境理解。A.Simply简单地；B.Finally最终；C.Quietly安静地；D.Sadly悲伤地。句意：最后，我明白了生活的秘诀就是慢慢来。根据前文"Aftermanyyears，ourplanswereallfinished."可知，经过了多年时间，作者不断地完成了自己的人生清单，由此作者最终明白了生活的秘诀。故选B。（15）考查形容词及语境理解。A.early早；B.busy忙；C.slow慢；D.fast快。句意：最后，我明白了生活的秘诀就是慢慢来。根据后文"Ifyou'reintoomuchofahurry，youneedtostop，oryouwillflypastallthethingsthatarethemostfun."可知，如果你太匆忙，你需要停下来，否则你会错过所有最有趣的事情，由此作者明白了生活的秘诀是要慢下来。故选C。【点评】做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。7．【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了我国将建立一批国家公园以保护自然生态系统。【解答】（1）考查形容词。句意：国家林业和草原局局长关志鸥周六表示，中国将稳步有序地建立新一批国家公园，包括黄河口、钱江源白山祖和卡拉马依里。此空应填形容词作定语，inasteadyandorderlymanner意为"以一种稳定的、有条理的方式"。故填orderly。（2）考查动词不定式。句意：关在青海省省会西宁举行的第二届国家公园论坛上说，中国采取了最严格的措施来加强对生态系统真实性和完整性的保护，促进生态功能的不断改善。此空应填不定式作目的状语。故填tostrengthen。（3）考查定语从句。句意：中国的国家公园是特定的陆地或海域，其主要目的是保护具有全国代表性的自然生态系统，实现自然资源的科学保护和合理利用。这里考查定语从句。先行词是landorseaareas，作从句中定语修饰名词短语mainpurpose。故填whose。（4）考查副词。句意：中国的国家公园是特定的陆地或海域，其主要目的是保护具有全国代表性的自然生态系统，实现自然资源的科学保护和合理利用。此空应用副词修饰形容词representative。故填nationally。（5）考查冠词。句意：2021年，中国建立了第一批国家公园，保护土地面积23万平方公里。此空应填不定冠词表泛指概念，