安徽省芜湖市2023-2024学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题

2023—2024学年度第一学期芜湖市中学教学质量监控高一年级英语试题卷本试题卷满分100分，考试用时120分钟注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、学校、考场/座位号、班级、准考证号填写在答题卷上，将条形码横贴在答题卷右上角“条形码粘贴处”。2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔在答题卷上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试题卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卷各题目指定区域内；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答无效。4.考生必须保证答题卷的整洁，考试结束后，将试题卷和答题卷一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。1.Whatdidthewomanbuyfinally?A.Thecolor.B.Thematerial.C.Nothing.2.Whatprogramisthewomangoingtowatchatfirst?A.Amovie.B.Afootballgame.C.Acartoon.3.Howdidthewomanfeelattheman’sremark?A.Shewasangrythemanhadnotunderstoodher.B.ShewaspleasedthemanhadwrittentoHelenforher.C.ShewassorryshewasnotabletoexpresshercareforHelen.4.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Heishavingaheartattack.B.Hewon’tgiveupsmoking.C.Heisoverweight.5.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.Gototheseaside.B.Jointheman.C.Doalotofwork.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面6段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。所第6段材料，回答6至8题。6.HowdidthewomantraveltothesouthofEngland?A.Bytrain.B.Byship.C.Byair.7.WhatdidthewomandoinLondon?A.Shedidmuchshopping.B.Shevisitedmanyplaces.C.Shevisitedherfriends.8.WhatdidthewomangotoParisforin1993?A.Business.B.Sightseeing.C.Shopping.听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。9.Whoarethetwospeakers?A.Neighbors.B.Workmates.C.Closefriends.10.Whatdothespeakersdowiththebox?A.Theytakeitonthebus.B.Theybringittotheoffice.C.Theycarryitupthestairs.11.Atwhattimedoesthewomanusuallyarriveatwork?A.2:45pm.B.3:30pm.C.4:15pm.听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。12.Whydoesthewomanrespectandloveherparents?A.Theyinstructedherandvaluedheropinion.B.Theygavehertoomuchfreedom.C.Theyhelpedhereconomically.13.Whatcanweknowaboutthetwospeakers?A.Theygetalongwellwiththeirparents.B.Theyarealwaysallowedtodowhattheywantto.C.Theyefromdifferentcountries.14.Whatdoesthemanthinkofhisparents?A.Theyfeelnoloveforhim.B.Theycontrolhimtoomuch.C.Theyareeasytogetalongwith.听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。15.WhatdidthemanworryaboutthefirsttimehespokeEnglishtoaforeigner?A.Hispronunciationwasbad.B.Hemightnotbeabletoexpresshimselfclearly.C.Hemightmakelotsofmistakes.16.Whatdidtheforeignerdoatfirstwhenthemanspoketohim?A.Herepeatedthewords.B.Heusedhisbodylanguage.C.Hesaidnothing.17.Whydidthemansay“Sorry,I…no…English”?A.Hespokeslowlytolettheotherunderstand.B.HeknewEnglishalot.C.HedidnotknowEnglish.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WheredidRobertmeetthewoman?A.Inthejeweler’s.B.Inthecountryclub.C.Intheparkinglot.19.HowmuchdidRobertgivethewoman?A.10,000dollars.B.5,000dollars.C.4,000dollars.20.HowdidRobertrespondtothenewsfromhisfriend?A.Hewashappyknowingnochildwasdead.B.Hewasveryangryatthenews.C.Hewastooshockedtosayanything.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15个小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。APetfriendlytrainridesWhynotconsideragreatpetfriendlytrainrideonyournexttrip?Youcanenjoythelocallandscapeswhilemakingwonderfulmemorieswithyourpet.SkunkTrain—CaliforniaLocatedinNorthernCalifornia’sMendocinoCounty,the131yearoldSkunkTraintravelsthroughgrasslandsandmountains.Itofferstworoutechoices.NoyoRiverCanyon—LeavingfromFortBragg,thistriprunsalongthePuddingCreekEstuaryandthensnakesalongtheNoyoRiver.CoastalRangeandRedwoods—LeavingfromWillitsandtravelingtoNorthspur,thismountainousroutetravels8.5milesoftrack.PetPolicy:Dogsaretheonlypetsallowedontheplane,andyouneedtopay$10foryourdogtoridethetrain.OregonCoastScenicRailroadOregonTheOregonCoastScenicRailroadrunsdailycoastaltripsbetweenGaribaldiandRockawayBeachfrommidJunetoearlySeptember.WeekendservicelastsfromlateMaytotheendofSeptember.PetPolicy:Wellbehaveddogsarewele.Thestaffasksthatfamilieswithdogssitintheopencars,whichoffermorespacetothem.MonticelloRailwayMuseum—IllinoisTheMonticelloRailwayMuseumisopenfortrainridesonSaturdaysandSundaysfromMaythroughOctoberaspartofthemuseum’seducationalmission.Visitorscangetonthetrainattwostations.You’reweletovisitthethemuseumgiftshop.PetPolicy:petscanridethetrainforfree.Alltypesofpetsarewele.Oil&CreekTitusvilleRailroad—PennsylvaniaThistrainrideleavesfromPerryStreetStationinTitusvillePennsylvania.Onthis3hourroundtripride,you’lllearnaboutthehistoryofPennsylvania’soilindustrywhileyouwatchforducks,deer,andpossiblyablackbear.PetPolicy:Dogscanridethetrainatacostof$5.Someonemuststaywiththedogatyourseat;youcannotwalkaroundthetrainwithyourdog.1.WhatisspecialaboutSkunkTrain?A.Itisfreeforpets. B.Ithastworoutesavailable.C.Itfeatureseducationaltrips. D.Itisanewlystartedtrainride.2.Whichtrainridewelespetsofanykind?A.SkunkTrain B.MonticelloRailwayMuseumC.OregonCoastScenicRailroad D.OilCrock&TitusvilleRailroad3.WhatcanpassengersdoontheOilCreekTitusvilleRailroad?A.Watchwildanimalsalongthetrip.B.Visitthegiftshopateitherstation.C.Walkaroundthetrainwiththeirdog.D.LearnaboutthehistoryofIllinois’oilindustry.【答案】1.B2.B3.A【解析】【导语】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了几种宠物友好型火车旅行。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据SkunkTrain—California中关键句“Itofferstworoutechoices.(它提供两种路线选择)”可知，Skunk火车提供两种旅行路线。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据MonticelloRailwayMuseum—Illinois中关键句“PetPolicy:petscanridethetrainforfree.Alltypesofpetsarewele.(宠物政策：宠物可以免费乘坐火车。欢迎各种宠物)”可知，Monticello铁路博物馆欢迎各种宠物。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Oil&CreekTitusvilleRailroad—Pennsylvania中关键句“Onthis3hourroundtripride,you’lllearnaboutthehistoryofPennsylvania’soilindustrywhileyouwatchforducks,deer,andpossiblyablackbear.(在这个3小时的往返旅程中，您将了解宾夕法尼亚州石油工业的历史，同时您还可以观察鸭子，鹿，可能还有黑熊)”可知，在Oil&CreekTitusville铁路上乘客可以沿途观看野生动物。故选A项。BManypupilsinschoolthinkofscienceasjustanothersubjectonthetimetablecontainingmorefactstobelearned.Thisiswrong.Sciencedoesnotmeanbelievingandrememberingwhatotherpeopletellus.Therealscientistexaminesfactsinordertofindoutthetruthforhimself.Thisiscalledthescientificmethod.Letusseehowscientistsworkandwhatismeantbythescientificmethod.Inthesedayswehearalotaboutscience,butscientists,themenandwomen,whodotheworkandmakethediscoveries,seemdistantandstrangetous.Scienceoftenappearstobeverydifficult,andsometimesevenakindofmagic.Certainlywefeelweshallneverbeabletounderstandhowitworks.Itisdifficultofcourse,butIthinkwearewrongifwebelievethatwecannotunderstandit.Theimportantthingaboutthescientificmethodisthatwegetanswerstoquestionsbymakingtests.Wedonotjustguesstheanswerorbelievewhatanybodytellsus.Infact,insimplewaysweallusethescientificmethodeveryday.Wecanseefromverysimpleexamplesthatthescientificmethodisnotonlyfortheuseofafewpeoplecalledscientists,butsomethingwecanallusewithadvantage.Butpatienceandhard,carefulworkarenecessarytofindoutthetruth.4.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Thescientificmethod. B.Thesciencesubject.C.Thescientificdiscoveries. D.Therealscientists.5.Whichofthefollowingdoestheauthoragreewith?A.Weallunderstandhowscienceworks.B.Wearefamiliarwithmostscientists.C.Wesometimesfeelscienceconfusing.D.Weknowanswersbymakingguesses.6.Whocanusethescientificmethod?A.Thescientists. B.Schoolpupils. C.TheScholars. D.Everyone.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Thescientificmethodistoodifficulttouse.B.Wecanfindoutthetruthfromverysimpleexamples.C.Careanddiligenceisimportantforthescientificmethod.D.Thescientificmethodisonlyfortheuseofafewpeople.【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.C【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文，讲述了什么是“科学方法”，并告诉我们如何使用科学方法。【4题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Therealscientistexaminesfactsinordertofindoutthetruthforhimself.Thisiscalledthescientificmethod.(真正的科学家研究事实是为了自己发现真理。这被称为科学方法。)”及最后一段“Wecanseefromverysimpleexamplesthatthescientificmethodisnotonlyfortheuseofafewpeoplecalledscientists,butsomethingwecanallusewithadvantage.(从非常简单的例子中我们可以看出，科学方法不仅仅是供少数科学家使用的，而是我们所有人都可以利用的东西。)”可知，文章围绕“科学方法”展开。故选A项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Inthesedayswehearalotaboutscience,butscientists,themenandwomen,whodotheworkandmakethediscoveries,seemdistantandstrangetous.Scienceoftenappearstobeverydifficult,andsometimesevenakindofmagic.Certainlywefeelweshallneverbeabletounderstandhowitworks.(如今，我们听到了很多关于科学的事情，但是科学家们，从事这项工作并做出发现的男男女女，对我们来说似乎是遥远而陌生的。科学常常显得很困难，有时甚至是一种魔术。当然，我们觉得我们永远无法理解它是如何工作的。)”可知，作者认为，我们有时觉得科学令人困惑。故选C项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Wedonotjustguesstheanswerorbelievewhatanybodytellsus.Infact,insimplewaysweallusethescientificmethodeveryday.(我们不只是猜测答案或相信任何人告诉我们的。事实上，我们每天都在以简单的方式使用科学方法。)”可知，每个人都可以使用科学方法。故选D项。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Butpatienceandhard,carefulworkarenecessarytofindoutthetruth.(但是，耐心和艰苦细致的工作是找出真相所必需的。)”可知，细心和勤奋对于科学方法是重要的。故选C项。CABritishwomanwhowonaS1millionprizeaftershewasnamedtheWorld'sBestTeacherwillusethecashtobringinspirationalfiguresintoUKschoolsAndriaZafirakou,anorthLondonsecondaryschoolteacher,saidshewantedtobringaboutaclassroomrevolution(变革).“Wearegoingtomakeachange,”shesaid.“I’vestartedaprojecttopromotetheteachingoftheartsinourschools.”Theprojectresultsfromthedifficultiesmanyschoolshaveingettingartistsofanysortwhetheranupandinglocalmusicianoramajormoviestarintoschoolstoworkwithandinspirechildren.ZafirakoubegantheprojectatAlpertonmunitySchool,herplaceofworkforthepasttwelveyears.“I'veseenthosemagicmomentswhenchildrenaretalkingtosomeonetheyareinspiredbytheireyesareshiningandtheirfaceslightup,”shesaid.“Weneedartists.morethaneverinourschools."ArtistMichaelCraigMartinsaid:“Andria'sbrilliantprojecttobringartistsfromallfieldsintodirectcontactwithchildrenisparticularlyweleatatimewhentheartsarebeingdowngradedinschools."Itwasamistaketoseetheartsasunnecessary,headded.HistorianSirSimonSchamaisalsoasupporteroftheproject.Hesaidthatartseducationinschoolswasnotjustanaddon.“Itisabsolutelynecessary.Thefuturedependsoncreativityandcreativitydependsontheyoung.Whatwillremainofuswhenartificialintelligencetakesoverwillbeourcreativity,anditisourcreativespirit,ourvisionarysenseoffreshness,thathasbeenourstrengthforcenturies."8.WhatwillZafirakoudowithherprizemoney?A.Makeamovie. B.Buildnewschools.C.Runaproject. D.Helplocalmusicians.9.WhatdoesCraigMartinthinkoftheteachingoftheartsinUKschools?A.Itisparticularlydifficult. B.Itincreasesartists'ine.C.Itopenschildren'smind. D.Itdeservesgreaterattention.10.WhatshouldbestressedinschooleducationaccordingtoSchama?A.Moralprinciples. B.Interpersonalskills.C.Creativeabilities. D.Positiveworldviews.11.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.BringArtiststoSchools B.WhenHistoriansMeetArtistsC.ArtsEducationinBritain D.TheWorld'sBestArtsTeacher【答案】8.C9.D10.C11.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了英国一名女子在被评为世界最佳教师后获得了100万英镑的奖金，她将用这笔奖金发起一个项目，让艺术家进入学校。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“AndriaZafirakou,anorthLondonsecondaryschoolteacher,saidshewantedtobringaboutaclassroomrevolution.“Wearegoingtomakeachange,”shesaid.“I’vestartedaprojecttopromotetheteachingoftheartsinourschools.”（伦敦北部中学教师安德里亚·扎菲拉库(AndriaZafirakou)表示，她想掀起一场课堂革命。“我们将做出改变，”她说。“我已经启动了一个项目，以促进我们学校的艺术教学。”）”可知，Zafirakou打算用自己的奖金运行一个项目。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第五段CraigMartin说的话“Andria'sbrilliantprojecttobringartistsfromallfieldsintodirectcontactwithchildrenisparticularlyweleatatimewhentheartsarebeingdowngradedinschools."Itwasamistaketoseetheartsasunnecessary,headded.（Andria的把各个领域的艺术学家请到学校教学这个聪明的项目很受学生欢迎，在学校忽视艺术教育的时期。把艺术看出不必要是错误的。）”可知，CraigMartin认为，英国学校的艺术教学不应该被忽视，而应该被重视。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Itisabsolutelynecessary.Thefuturedependsoncreativityandcreativitydependsontheyoung.（这是绝对必要的。未来取决于创造力，而创造力取决于年轻人。）”可知，Schama认为学校教育应该强调创造力。故选C。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“AndriaZafirakou,anorthLondonsecondaryschoolteacher,saidshewantedtobringaboutaclassroomrevolution.“Wearegoingtomakeachange,”shesaid.“I’vestartedaprojecttopromotetheteachingoftheartsinourschools.”（伦敦北部中学教师安德里亚·扎菲拉库(AndriaZafirakou)表示，她想掀起一场课堂革命。“我们将做出改变，”她说。“我已经启动了一个项目，以促进我们学校的艺术教学。”）”可知，文章讲述了AndriaZafirakou用自己的奖金启动了一个项目，将艺术家带进学校，促进艺术教学。故选A。DOwningapet,likeadogoracat,especiallyforfiveyearsormore,maybelinkedtoslowercognitivedecline(认知衰退)inolderadults,accordingtoanewstudy.“Previousstudieshavesuggestedthatthehumananimallinkmayhavehealthbenefitslikedecreasingbloodpressureandstress,”saidthestudyauthorTiffanyBraley.“Ourresultssuggestraisingpetmayalsobeprotectiveagainstcognitivedecline.”Thestudylookedatcognitivedatafrom1.369senioradultswithanaverageageof65whohadnormalcognitiveskillsatthestartofthestudy.Atotalof53%ownedpetsand32%werelongtermpetownerswhoownedpetsforfiveyearsormore.ResearchersuseddatafromtheHealthandRetirementStudy.Inthatstudy,peopleweregivenseveralcognitivetests.Researchersusedthosecognitiveteststorecordcognitivescoreforeachperson,rangingfrom0to27.Thescoreincludedmontestsofsubtraction(减法),numbercountingandwordmemory.Researchersthenusedparticipants’cognitivescorestojudgetheconnectionsbetweenyearsofpetownershipandcognitivefunction.Oversixyears,thecognitivescoresdecreasedataslowerrateinpetowners.Thisdifferencewasstrongeramonglongtermpetowners.Consideringotherfactorsknowntoaffectcognitivefunction,thestudyshowedthatlongtermpetownersusuallyhadahighercognitivescoreparedtononpetowners.Theresearchersalsofoundthatthecognitivebenefitsconnectedwithlongerpetownershipwerestrongerforcollegeeducatedadultsandmen.“Asstresscannegativelyaffectcognitivefunction,thepossiblestressreducingeffectsofpetownershipcouldprovideaproperreasonforourfindings,”saidBraley.12.WhatisthefindingofTiffanyBraley’sstudy?A.Bothdogsandcatsmakeperfectpets. B.Petsmayhelpkeepthebrainworkwell.C.Femalestendtobelongtermpetowners. D.Ahumananimallinkhelpsdecreasebloodpressure.13.Howdidtheresearcherscarryouttheirstudy?A.Byreferringtopreviousstudies.B.Bymonitoringseveralcognitivetests.C.Bytrackingthechangesincognitivescores.D.BycorrectingdatafromtheHealthandRetirementStudy.14.WhatisBraley’sattitudetowardsthestudyresults?A.Puzzled. B.Cautious. C.Surprised. D.Unsatisfied.15.Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthetext?A.Whyshouldwekeeppets?B.Howlongshouldwekeeppets?C.Doesthehumananimallinkhavehealthbenefits?D.Dopetshaveapositiveeffectonpeople’sbrainhealth?【答案】12.B13.C14.B15.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究结果，研究表明随着时间的推移，养宠物与认知能力下降的速度减慢有关。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Ourresultssuggestraisingpetmayalsobeprotectiveagainstcognitivedecline.(我们的研究结果表明，养宠物也可以防止认知能力下降)”可知，蒂芙尼·布雷利的研究发现宠物可以帮助大脑保持良好运转。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Oversixyears,thecognitivescoresdecreasedataslowerrateinpetowners.Thisdifferencewasstrongeramonglongtermpetowners.(在六年的时间里，宠物主人的认知得分下降的速度较慢。这种差异在长期养宠物的人群中更为明显)”可知，研究人员通过追踪认知得分的变化进行他们的研究。故选C。14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Asstresscannegativelyaffectcognitivefunction,thepossiblestressreducingeffectsofpetownershipcouldprovideaproperreasonforourfindings,”saidBraley.(“由于压力会对认知功能产生负面影响，养宠物可能会减轻压力，这为我们的研究结果提供了一个合理的理由，”布雷利说)”可推知，Braley对研究结果持谨慎态度。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Owningapet,likeadogoracat,especiallyforfiveyearsormore,maybelinkedtoslowercognitivedecline(认知衰退)inolderadults,accordingtoanewstudy.(一项新的研究表明，养宠物，比如狗或猫，尤其是养了五年或更长时间的宠物，可能会延缓老年人的认知能力下降)”可知，文章主要介绍了一项新的研究结果，研究表明随着时间的推移，养宠物与认知能力下降的速度减慢有关。由此可知，D选项“宠物对人的大脑健康有积极影响吗？”最符合文章标题。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ThetraditionalChinesesolarcalendardividestheyearinto24solarterms(节气).StartofAutumn,the13thsolartermoftheyear,beginsthisyearonAug8andendsonAug22.StartofAutumnmeanstheendofsummerandthebeginningofautumn.____16____.ThefollowingarefourthingsyoushouldknowaboutStartofAutumn.Gatheringcrops____17____.Itistimetogathercrops.Thereisasaying:“IfitrainsonthedayoftheStartofAutumn,agoodharvestisexpected.”EatingpeachesInHangzhou,peopleeatpeachesandprayhealthontheStartofAutumnday.ThepeachstonesarekeptuntilNewYear’sEveandthrownintothestove,burnedintoash.Peoplebelievedthatinthisway,____18____.EatingdumplingsInShandongprovince,peoplemakedumplingsduringtheStartofAutumn,andtheycallit“EatingtheAutumn”.OnthedayofStartofAutumn,seniormembersofthefamilywillstandinthemiddleofthehall,theyworship(敬奉；信奉)abowlofcereal,and____19____.MostofthefamilieswilleatdumplingstogetherafterStartofAutumndayandhavethethirstformorecrops.Eatinggourds(瓜)AlthoughStartofAutumnindicatesthebeginningofautumn,hotweatherwillnotetoanend.DuringtheQingDynasty(16441911),peoplewouldputgourdsoutsideforadaybeforetheStartofAutumn,and____20____.TodaypeopleinTianjinbelievethateatingmelonssuchastowelgourd,whitegourdandbittergourdcanpreventdiarrhea(腹泻)inautumnandtheingwinterandspring.A.theyprayfortheharvestinautumnB.ThefruitfulseasonisingC.theyeatthemonStartofAutumndaytodriveoffthesummerheatD.StartofAutumnisabigsolartermforfarmersE.theysincerelyprayforgodF.plagues(瘟疫)couldbepreventedforthewholeyearG.theywillgetawayfromghosts【答案】16.B17.D18.F19.A20.C【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了关于立秋的相关知识与习俗。【16题详解】空前“StartofAutumnmeanstheendofsummerandthebeginningofautumn.(立秋意味着夏天的结束和秋天的开始)”表明立秋的含义，空后“ThefollowingarefourthingsyoushouldknowaboutStartofAutumn.(以下是关于立秋你应该知道的四件事)”引出下文关于立秋的知识；B选项“Thefruitfulseasonising(硕果累累的季节即将来临)”指出立秋代表着硕果累累的秋季即将来临，选项中的“Thefruitfulseason”指代上句中的“autumn”，符合语境。故选B。【17题详解】小标题“Gatheringcrops(收集作物)”表明立秋是收获的季节，根据空后“Itistimetogathercrops.(该收庄稼了)”可知，D选项“StartofAutumnisabigsolartermforfarmers(立秋是农民的一个重要节气)”引出下文，说明立秋如何对农民来说是个重要节气，符合语境。故选D。【18题详解】由空前“ThepeachstonesarekeptuntilNewYear’sEveandthrownintothestove,burnedintoash.Peoplebelievedthatinthisway,(桃核一直保存到除夕，然后扔进炉子里烧成灰烬。人们相信通过这种方式)”可知，空处表示立秋吃桃、除夕烧桃核的寓意；F选项“plagues(瘟疫)couldbepreventedforthewholeyear(全年都可以避免瘟疫)”阐述上文中这一做法的寓意，符合语境。故选F。【19题详解】根据空前“OnthedayofStartofAutumn,seniormembersofthefamilywillstandinthemiddleofthehall,theyworshipabowlofcereal(在立秋那天，家里的长辈会站在大厅中央，他们崇拜一碗谷物)”可知，空处表示长辈们做的事情；空后“MostofthefamilieswilleatdumplingstogetherafterStartofAutumndayandhavethethirstformorecrops.(大多数家庭都会在立秋后一起吃饺子，渴望更多的庄稼)”表明长辈们在立秋后会吃饺子祈求丰收；A选项“theyprayfortheharvestinautumn(他们祈求秋天的丰收)”符合语境。故选A。【20题详解】根据小标题“Eatinggourds(瓜)”可知本段主要讲述立秋吃瓜的习俗；空前“DuringtheQingDynasty(16441911),peoplewouldputgourdsoutsideforadaybeforetheStartofAutumn(在清朝（16441911），人们会在立秋前把瓜放在室外一天)”以及下文“TodaypeopleinTianjinbelievethateatingmelonssuchastowelgourd,whitegourdandbittergourdcanpreventdiarrhea( 腹泻 )inautumnandtheingwinterandspring.(今天天津人认为，在秋天和即将到来的冬春，吃丝瓜、冬瓜、苦瓜等瓜类可以预防腹泻)”讲述了清朝时的人们以及现在天津人在立秋吃瓜的习俗；C选项“theyeatthemonStartofAutumndaytodriveoffthesummerheat(他们在立秋那天吃它们来驱暑)”符合语境，选项中的代词“them”指代上文中的“立秋前被放在室外一天的瓜”。故选C。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。“Dowhatyoulove,notwhatotherstellyouisright,”saidGeorgiaLines.Recently.Iinterviewedthe24yearoldsingersongwriteraboutherriseto____21____.In2022,GeorgiawasnamedthegreatartistoftheyearattheAotearoaMusicAwardsceremony.Georgia’ssuccesslooks____22____,butshehasworkedhardtoperfecthercraft(技艺).“IlovewhatIdo,”shesaid.“IloveitwhenIget.____23____inthemusic,andeverythingworkstogether.”Georgiahaswrittenmorethan20____24____andworkedtogetherwithseveraltop____25____.Whensheworkswithothers,sheworks____26____astheycanexchangeideaswitheachother.Whenaskedabouthermusical____27____,Georgiasmiled.Ihadnomusicaltalentasachild,andI’dneverthoughtIcouldreachthem,”shesaid.“ButI____28____lovedsingingandmusic.”Someenthusiasticcrowdsalways____29____herconcerts,andGeorgianever____30____them.Asanartist,Georgiahasa(n)____31____mind.Shesaid,“Ineverparemyselfwithothers.Ijust____32____doingwhatIlove.”Thatmeans,focusingonherownartistic____33____.“parisonisthe____34____ofsuccess,”shesaid.“IfIhadstoppedto____35____myselfwithothers,Iwouldn’thavemadeitasfarasIhave.”21.A.power B.success C.concern D.luck22.A.easy B.special C.different D.clear23.A.lost B.stuck C.hurt D.locked24.A.reports B.ments C.songs D.novels25.A.reporters B.workers C.actors D.artists26.A.longer B.better C.faster D.harder27.A.dreams B.styles C.abilities D.performances28.A.hardly B.seldom C.always D.sometimes29.A.lookdownon B.lookforwardto C.lookthrough D.lookinto30.A.amuses B.recognizes C.defeats D.fails31.A.interesting B.ordinary C.peaceful D.petitive32.A.practice B.continue C.finish D.avoid33.A.disadvantage B.education C.experiments D.achievements34.A.thief B.secret C.mother D.price35.A.share B.replace C.connect D.pare【答案】21.B22.A23.A24.C25.D26.B27.A28.C29.B30.D31.C32.B33.D34.A35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要是关于年度最佳艺术家乔治亚·莱恩斯对于音乐和与他人攀比的一些看法。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最近，我就她的成功之路采访了这位24岁的创作型歌手。A.power力量；B.success成功；C.concern关心；D.luck运气。根据后文“In2022,GeorgiawasnamedthegreatartistoftheyearattheAotearoaMusicAwardsceremony.(2022年，乔治亚在奥特罗阿音乐奖颁奖典礼上被评为年度最佳艺术家)”可知，这名歌手取得了成功，所以是成功之路。后文“Georgia’ssuccess”也是提示。故选B。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：乔治娅的成功看起来很容易，但她一直在努力完善自己的技艺。A.easy容易的；B.special特别的；C.different不同的；D.clear清楚的。根据后文“butshehasworkedhardtoperfecthercraft”中but表示转折，可知乔治娅的成功看起来很容易，但她一直在努力完善自己的技艺。故选A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我喜欢沉浸在音乐中的感觉，一切一起发挥作用。”A.lost迷失的；B.stuck卡住的；C.hurt受伤的；D.locked锁上的。根据后文“inthemusic”可知此处为短语getlostin表示“沉浸在……”。故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：乔治亚创作了20多首歌曲，并与几位顶级艺术家合作。A.reports报告；B.ments评论；C.songs歌曲；D.novels小说。根据上文“inthemusic”可知她喜欢音乐，所以是创作歌曲。故选C。25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：乔治亚创作了20多首歌曲，并与几位顶级艺术家合作。A.reporters记者；B.workers工人；C.actors演员；D.artists艺术家。根据上文“In2022,GeorgiawasnamedthegreatartistoftheyearattheAotearoaMusicAwardsceremony.(2022年，乔治亚在奥特罗阿音乐奖颁奖典礼上被评为年度最佳艺术家)”以及后文“theycanexchangeideaswitheachother”可知是与艺术家合作，交流意见。故选D。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当她和别人一起工作时，她工作得更好，因为他们可以互相交换意见。A.longer更久地；B.better更好地；C.faster更快地；D.harder更努力。根据后文“astheycanexchangeideaswitheachother”可知和别人工作可以交流意见，因此工作得更好。故选B。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当被问及她的音乐梦想时，乔治亚笑了。A.dreams梦想；B.styles风格；C.abilities能力；D.performances表现。根据后文“Ihadnomusicaltalentasachild,andI’dneverthoughtIcouldreachthem(我小时候没有音乐天赋，也从没想过自己能达到这样的境界)”以及她成为了杰出的艺术家，可知此处询问的是音乐梦想。故选A。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“但我一直喜欢唱歌和音乐。”A.hardly几乎不；B.seldom几乎不；C.always一直，总是；D.sometimes有时。根据后文“lovedsingingandmusic”以及她成为艺术家，可知她一直喜欢唱歌和音乐。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：一些热情的观众总是期待着她的音乐会，而乔治亚从来没有让他们失望过。A.lookdownon看不起；B.lookforwardto期待；C.lookthrough浏览；D.lookinto调查。根据上文“Someenthusiasticcrowds”可知，此处指一些热情的观众总是期待着她的音乐会，故选B。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些热情的观众总是期待着她的音乐会，而乔治亚从来没有让他们失望过。A.amuses娱乐；B.recognizes识别；C.defeats打败；D.fails失败，使失望。上文提到一些热情的观众总是期待着她的音乐会，and表示并列，说明乔治亚从来没有让他们失望过。fail此处表示“使失望”符合语境。故选D。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一名艺术家，Georgia有一颗平和的心。A.interesting有趣的；B.ordinary普通的；C.peaceful和平的；D.petitive竞争的。根据后文“Ineverparemyselfwithothers.(我从不拿自己和别人比较)”可知，Georgia有一颗平和的心。故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只是继续做我喜欢的事情。A.practice练习；B.continue继续；C.finish结束；D.avoid避免。根据后文“doingwhatIlove.Thatmeans,focusingonherownartistic

”可知，她不与他人攀比，继续做自己喜欢的事情。故选B。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：也就是说，专注于自己的艺术成就。A.disadvantage缺点；B.education教育；C.experiments实验；D.achievements成就。根据上文“Ineverparemyselfwithothers.

”以及她成为了艺术家，可知她专注于自己的艺术成就，不与他人攀比。故选D。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“攀比是成功的小偷，”她说。A.thief小偷；B.secret秘密；C.mother母亲；D.price价格。后文提到她说“如果我停下来和别人比较，我就不会取得现在的成就”，说明她认为攀比是成功的小偷。故选A。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“如果我停下来和别人比较，我就不会取得现在的成就。”A.share分享；B.replace取代；C.connect连接；D.pare比较。呼应上文“Ineverparemyselfwithothers.”可知，此处说明不与别人比较。故选D。第二节（共10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Thecoloroftheoceanhaschanged____36____(great)recentlyandhumancausedclimatechangeisresponsible,accordingto____37____newstudy.Morethan56%oftheworld’soceanshavechangedcolor,____38____cannotbeexplained,saidateamofresearchers,ledbyscientistsfromtheNationalOceanographyCenterintheUK.Tropical(热带的)oceansclosetotheequator____39____(bee)greenerinthelast20years,accordingtothestudy____40____(publish)inthejournalNature.“____41____isnotclearexactlyhowtheseecosystemsarechanging”,saidStephaniefromtheCenterforGlobalChangeScience.“Allchangesarecausinganimbalanceinthenaturalorganizationofecosystems.Suchimbalancewillonlyget____42____(bad)overtimeifouroceanskeepheating,”shetoldCNN.Thoughtheresearchersarestillworkingtounderstandexactly____43____thechangesmean,theysaidwhatisclearisthatthechangesarebeingdriven____44____humanbehavior.Theresearchersstudiedchangesinoceancolorfromspaceby____45____(watch)howmuchgreenorbluelightisreflectedfromthesurfaceofthesea.【答案】36.greatly37.a38.which39.havebee40.published41.It42.worse43.what44.by45.watching【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。根据发表在《自然》杂志上的一项研究，海洋的颜色最近发生了很大的变化，而人类造成的气候变化是罪魁祸首。【36题详解】考查副词。句意：根据一项新的研究，海洋的颜色最近发生了很大的变化，人类造成的气候变化是罪魁祸首。分析句子可知，空处缺少副词作状语，表示程度。故填great