【英语】山东省德州市2023-2024学年高考诊断性测试一模试题(解析版)

山东省德州市2023—2024学年高考诊断性测试一模英语试题第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AJoinusaboardthetwolargestandfinestwhalewatchingshipsonMontereyBay:the110ftPrincessMontereyandthe100ftAtlantisMonterey.Designedwithyourcomfortinmind,bothshipsfeatureindoorheatedcabinswithexpansivewindowsforviewing,asnack-barforrefreshments,multipleseatingoptionsbothindoorsandoutdoors,andtheopportunitytoenjoythe3-hourtourfromourlimitedUpperDeckforanadditionalfee.●ThePrincessMontereydepartsat9:00am,12:30pmand3:30pm.●TheAtlantisMontereydepartsat10:00am,2:00pmand5:00pm.Experiencethewonderofsunsetalongsidethewhales.Sightingsvarybyseason—besuretocheckourcalendarforavailability:DolphinsOrcasGraywhalesBluewhalesHumpbackwhalesJan.-Feb.×◎Mar.-May×◎××Jun.-Oct.×◎◎×Nov.×◎◎×Dec.×◎×◎××:MostLikely◎:IrregularlyPricesstartingat$65,secureyourspottodaybycallingusat831-372-2203orvisiting.Voicesfromourguests:★Eightmilesout,andthehumpbackwhales,Rizzo’sdolphins,andsealionswereinfullview.Arepeatvisitisdefinitelyinmyplans!—MaryB.★Thetripwassuperb,enrichedbytheinsightfulcommentaryfromthenaturalistandthecaptain’sexpertpositioningforwhalewatching.Thestaffwasinformativeandhelpful.Wecouldn’thaveaskedforabetterwhalewatchingcompany.—SteveS★I’vegonewhalewatchingwithPrincessMonterey5timesandneverdisappointed.ThesightingsonSeptember1stand2ndwerebreathtaking.—HectorM.★Leaveyourtelescopesathome—theboatsgetyoucloseenoughforgreatviews.Butdobringahigh-qualitycameraforaniceshotofwhales!—GrantW.1.Whatshouldyoudototakeasunsetwhalewatchingtour?A.Bookthelargerofthetwoships. B.UpgradetoUpperDeck.C.Makeacalendar-basedreservation. D.Choosetheearliestdeparturetime.2.Whenwillyouprobablyseegraywhales?A.InFebruary. B.InApril. C.InJune. D.InAugust.3.Whopositivelycommentedonthecrew?A.Mary B.B.SteveS. C.HectorM. D.GrantW.【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了蒙特利湾最大、最好的两艘观鲸船的旅行信息和游客评价。【答案】1.C2.B3.B【1题详解】推理判断题。由文章第四段中“Experiencethewonderofsunsetalongsidethewhales.Sightingsvarybyseason—besuretocheckourcalendarforavailability:(与鲸鱼一起体验日落的奇观。目击事件因季节而异-请务必查看我们的日历以了解可用性)”和表格下方“Pricesstartingat$65,secureyourspottodaybycallingusat831-372-2203orvisiting.(价格65美元起，今天通过致电831-372-2203或访问来确保您的位置。)”可知，游客根据日历进行预订，才能进行日落观鲸之旅。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。由表格第三行“Mar.-May(3月-5月)”和表格最后一行“×:MostLikely(×极有可能)”可知，游客可能在四月会看到灰鲸。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。由文章Voicesfromourguests部分中“Thetripwassuperb,enrichedbytheinsightfulcommentaryfromthenaturalistandthecaptain’sexpertpositioningforwhalewatching.Thestaffwasinformativeandhelpful.Wecouldn’thaveaskedforabetterwhalewatchingcompany.—SteveS.(这次旅行非常棒，博物学家富有见地解说和船长专家的观鲸定位使旅行更加丰富多彩。工作人员提供了丰富的信息和帮助。我们找不到比这更好的观鲸公司了。——SteveS.)”可知，SteveS.对全体工作人员评价积极。故选B。BWithpetownershipbecomingmorepopular,beingsaddenedbythelossofabelovedpetisbecomingaterribleheadache.LiPeng,awoolenfelt(织物)craftswoman,hasfoundauniquewaytopreservethememoryofdeadpetsbycreatingrealisticwoolenimages.Li’sjourneyintothiscraftisaccidental.Duringhercollegeyears,shemajoredine-commerceandworkedparttimeatapetstore.Oneday,whilevisitingawebsite,shecameuponasmallfoxmadeentirelyofwool.Astonishedatitsdelicacy,shesetoffonaself-taughtjourneyinthisartform.Inlate2019,LiPengmadethefirmdecisiontostartherownbusinessandpursuewoolfeltingasafull-timeprofession.Whileavideoshowcasingtheworkmayonlytakeafewminutestowatch,theactualprocessisfarmoreintricate.Thethree-dimensionalcreationsfeaturegenuinefur,lifelikeglasseyesandtinywhiskers(胡须),eachoneindividuallysecuredbyhand.Toachieveavivideffect,sherepeatedlystickslayersofwoolwithaneedle,windingtheloosefiberstogethertocreatesolidfeltedshapes.Thekeyismassivepatience.Thehandcraftedcreationssatisfyherdesiretoconveylove.Themajorityofhercustomersarepetownerswhohaveexperiencedthelossoftheirbelovedcompanions.TheysendLiphotographsandeventheirpets’hair,hopingtofreezetheappearanceoftheirfurryfriendsthroughherwoolfeltingmodels.Fascinatedbythedeepbondbetweenpeopleandtheirpets,sheiscommittedtograbbingandinvestingtheseemotionsinherartworks.Anditturnsoutthatthecareerisasuccess.Ordersareoftenscheduledforoneyearlater,andshehasgainedsubstantialattentionthroughsocialmedia.Reflectingonherwork,Liexpressesherdesiretocreatemeaningfulpiecesusingthewarmmaterial,offeringaheartfeltgiftofwarmthtothebeautifulsoulsofthisworld.4.WhatinspiredLiPengtotakeupwoolfeltingasacareer?A.Atemporaryjobatapetshop. B.Herself-studyartcourse.C.Adiscoveryofanalternativetofiber. D.Awoolencreationonline.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intricate”meaninparagraph3?A.Confusing. B.Efficient. C.Complicated. D.Effortless.6.WhoareLiPeng’sprimaryclients?A.Conservationistsofanimalrights. B.Individualsfondoffurrytoys.C.Distributorsprovidingpersonalizedservice. D.Peoplesufferingfrompetloss.7.What’sthecrucialfactorbehindLiPeng’ssuccess?A.Fairproductpricing. B.Human-petattachment.C.Smartnetworkmarketing. D.Hungerforafinereputation.【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。养宠物越来越受欢迎，失去心爱宠物的悲伤正成为一件令人头疼的事。文章主要介绍了一位毛毡工匠找到了一种独特的方式，通过制作逼真的毛毡图像来保存对死去宠物的记忆。【答案】4.D5.C6.D7.B【4题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段中“Oneday,whilevisitingawebsite,shecameuponasmallfoxmadeentirelyofwool.Astonishedatitsdelicacy,shesetoffonaself-taughtjourneyinthisartform.Inlate2019,LiPengmadethefirmdecisiontostartherownbusinessandpursuewoolfeltingasafull-timeprofession.(一天，她在访问一个网站时，发现了一只全是羊毛做的小狐狸。惊讶于它的精致，她开始了自学这种艺术形式的旅程。2019年底，李鹏坚定地决定创业，把羊毛毡作为全职职业。)”可知，网上的羊毛创作，激发了李鹏投身羊毛毡行业。故选D。【5题详解】词句猜测题。由文章第三段中“Thethree-dimensionalcreationsfeaturegenuinefur,lifelikeglasseyesandtinywhiskers(胡须),eachoneindividuallysecuredbyhand.Toachieveavivideffect,sherepeatedlystickslayersofwoolwithaneedle,windingtheloosefiberstogethertocreatesolidfeltedshapes.Thekeyismassivepatience.(这些立体造型的特色是真正的皮毛、栩栩如生的玻璃眼睛和细小的胡须，每一个都是手工固定的。为了达到生动的效果，她反复用针把一层层的羊毛粘在一起，把松散的纤维缠绕在一起，形成坚实的毛毡形状。关键是要有极大的耐心。)”可知，制作过程非常复杂，所以划线词的含义是“复杂的”。A.Confusing令人困惑；B.Efficient高效的；C.Complicated复杂的；D.Effortless毫不费力的。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。由文章第四段中“Themajorityofhercustomersarepetownerswhohaveexperiencedthelossoftheirbelovedcompanions.(她的大多数顾客都是宠物主人，他们经历了失去心爱伴侣的痛苦)”可知，她的大多数顾客都是失去宠物的人们。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。由文章第四段“Thehandcraftedcreationssatisfyherdesiretoconveylove.Themajorityofhercustomersarepetownerswhohaveexperiencedthelossoftheirbelovedcompanions.TheysendLiphotographsandeventheirpets’hair,hopingtofreezetheappearanceoftheirfurryfriendsthroughherwoolfeltingmodels.Fascinatedbythedeepbondbetweenpeopleandtheirpets,sheiscommittedtograbbingandinvestingtheseemotionsinherartworks.Anditturnsoutthatthecareerisasuccess.Ordersareoftenscheduledforoneyearlater,andshehasgainedsubstantialattentionthroughsocialmedia.(这些手工制作的作品满足了她表达爱的愿望。她的大多数顾客都是宠物主人，他们经历了失去心爱伴侣的痛苦。他们给李寄来宠物的照片，甚至是宠物的头发，希望通过她的毛毡模型来定格他们毛茸茸的朋友的样子。她被人与宠物之间的深厚联系所吸引，致力于抓住并将这些情感投入到她的艺术作品中。事实证明，她的事业是成功的。订单通常安排在一年后，她通过社交媒体获得了大量关注。)”可知，她成功的关键因素是人类对宠物的依恋。故选B。CThinkyouhaveagoodgraspofEnglish?Good.Readthesixsentencesbelow,then.Sentence1:Theoldmantheboat.Sentence2:ThecottonclothingismadeofgrowsinMississippi.Sentence3:Timeflieslikeanarrow;fruitflieslikeabanana.Sentence4:Fatpeopleeatcollects.Sentence5:Themanwhohuntsducksoutonweekends.Sentence6:Thecomplexhousesmarriedandsinglesoldiersandtheirfamilies.Linguists(语言学家)callthese“gardenpathsentences”,whichtakeyoubythehandandleadyoudownawindingpathtoadeadend.Despitethis,they’reallgrammaticallycorrect.Let’sseewhy.Sentence1:Theoldmantheboat.BesidessoundinglikearejectedHemingwaytitle,thissentenceisindeedgrammaticallycorrectthankstosomewell-placedhomonyms—wordsthatsharethesamespellingsbuthavedifferentmeanings.Homonym1hereis“old”,usedasanoun,meaning“oldpeople”;homonym2is“man”,usedasaverb,meaning“toservein/on”.Withthatinmind,thesentencemeans“Theoldpeopleserveontheboat”.Sentence2:ThecottonclothingismadeofgrowsinMississippi.Atfirstread,you’dthink“ismadeof”isthemainverbofthissentence.Butit’snot.Thesimplestformofthissentenceis“ThecottongrowsinMississippi”;confusingly,“clothingismadeof”isusedtotelluswhatcottonwe’retalkingabout.Thissentencewouldmakewaymoresenseifwritten“ThecottonthatclothingismadeofgrowsinMississippi”,butEnglishallowsustoremovecertainconjunctionslike“that”,withitsmeaningmaintained.Sentence3:Timeflieslikeanarrow;fruitflieslikeabanana.Thefirsthalfofthissentenceiseasytocatch.Sowhendealingwiththeotherhalf,peopleusuallyfollowthestructureofthefirsthalf,andit’dbeunderstoodas“fruitsflylikebananas”.Thisisobviouslyunreasonable.Onlywhenpeoplerethinkcantheyrecognizethetruemeaningofthesentence.Therefore,suchsentencesmanagetomakepeopleignorethestructureofthesentenceitself,thusdepartingfromitsoriginalmeaning.Comeon!Takeawalkdownthegardenpathwiththerestofthesentences.8.What’sthecharacteristicof“gardenpathsentences”accordingtolinguists?A.Misleadingbuterror-free. B.Accurateandplain.C.Improperly-wordedandmeaningless. D.Ungrammaticalbutcomprehensible.9.Whichwordisanexamplesimilartothehomonymof“man”insentence1?A.“grows”insentence2. B.“eat”insentence4.C.“hunts”insentence5. D.“houses”insentence6.10.Whichofthefollowingcorrectlyinterprets“fruitflieslikeabanana”insentence3?A.“fruitflies”referstoasortofinsect. B.“flies”servesastheverbofthesentence.C.“flieslike”explainswhatfruitistalkedabout. D.“like”hasthesamemeaningasthe“like”beforeit.11.Whatcanbethetroublemakerinsentence4?A.Theill-placedverbs. B.Theremovalof“that”.C.Thegrammarmistakes. D.Thelackofnounbehind“collects”.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了对特殊的英文句子的理解。【答案】8.A9.D10.A11.B【8题详解】推理判断题。由文章第八段中“Linguists(语言学家)callthese“gardenpathsentences”,whichtakeyoubythehandandleadyoudownawindingpathtoadeadend.Despitethis,they’reallgrammaticallycorrect.Let’sseewhy.(语言学家称这些句子为“花园小径句”，它们牵着你的手，把你带到一条蜿蜒的小路上，直到一个死胡同。尽管如此，它们的语法都是正确的。让我们看看为什么。)”可知，这些句子的特点是误导但没有错误。故选A。【9题详解】推理判断题。由文章第一个黑标题Sentence1:Theoldmantheboat.下的“Homonym1hereis“old”,usedasanoun,meaning“oldpeople”;homonym2is“man”,usedasaverb,meaning“toservein/on”.(这里的第一个同形异义词是“old”，用作名词，意思是“老人”；第二个同音异义词是“man”，用作动词，意思是“服务于”。)”和第七段“Sentence6:Thecomplexhousesmarriedandsinglesoldiersandtheirfamilies.(建筑群给已婚和单身士兵及其家属提供住处。)”可知，第6句中的“houses”可以是名词“房子”，本句中用作动词“给（某人）提供住处”与第1句中“man”都是具有名词词性，在句子中用作动词。故选D。【10题详解】词句猜测题。由文章第三个黑标题Sentence3:Timeflieslikeanarrow;fruitflieslikeabanana.下的“Thefirsthalfofthissentenceiseasytocatch.Sowhendealingwiththeotherhalf,peopleusuallyfollowthestructureofthefirsthalf,andit’dbeunderstoodas“fruitsflylikebananas”.Thisisobviouslyunreasonable.Onlywhenpeoplerethinkcantheyrecognizethetruemeaningofthesentence.Therefore,suchsentencesmanagetomakepeopleignorethestructureofthesentenceitself,thusdepartingfromitsoriginalmeaning.(这句话的前半部分很容易听懂。所以在处理另一半的时候，人们通常会遵循前一半的结构，可以理解为“水果像香蕉一样飞”。这显然是不合理的。人们只有重新思考，才能认识到句子的真正含义。因此，这类句子设法使人们忽略了句子本身的结构，从而偏离了句子的本意。)”可知，句子应该理解为“fruitflies”为句子主语，意为“果蝇”，指的是一种昆虫；谓语是“like”意为“喜欢”；宾语是“abanana”，意为“香蕉”。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。由文章第五段中“Sentence4:Fatpeopleeatcollects.(人们吃的脂肪会聚集。)”可知，people前省略了that，thatpeopleeat为定语从句，修饰先行词Fat，所以“that”的省略导致句子不好理解。故选B。DSocialmediaprovidesmaterialistswithidealopportunitiestocomparethemselveswithothers,whichmakesthemsubjecttopassiveandaddictiveuserbehavior.Thisstressesthemoutand,ultimately,leadstolowlifesatisfaction,accordingtoanewstudy.TheresearchersheadedbyDr.PhillipOzimekfromGermanyemployed1,230peoplefortheironlinesurvey.Inordertoparticipate,respondentshadtovisitatleastonesocialmediachannelatleastonceaweek.Onaverage,theparticipantsstatedtheyspentjustovertwohoursadayonsocialmedia.Theteamusedsixdifferentquestionnairestodeterminetheextenttowhichtheparticipantshadamaterialisticattitudeandtendedtocomparethemselveswithothers,whethertheyusedsocialmediamoreactivelyorpassively,whethertheywereaddictedtosocialmedia,howstressedandhowsatisfiedtheywerewiththeirlives.“Thedatashowedastrongermaterialisticapproachgoeshandinhandwithatendencytocompareoneselfwithothers,”pointsoutOzimek.Thiscomparisoniseasytomakeonsocialmedia,primarilythroughpassiveuse—bylookingatthecontentpostedbyotherusers.Materialismandpassiveusewerealsolinkedtoaddictiveuseofsocialmedia.“Usersareconstantlythinkingabouttherespectivechannelsandfearthey’remissingoutonsomethingiftheyaren’tonline,”explainsOzimek.“Thisinturnleadstopoorermentalhealthlikestress.Thefinallinkinthechainisreducedlifesatisfaction.”“Overall,thestudyprovidesfurtherevidencethattheuseofsocialmediaisassociatedwithrisks,especiallyforpeoplewithahighlymaterialisticmindset,”saysthepsychologist.“Thisisparticularlyworrying,becausesocialmediacanstimulateandincreasematerialisticvaluesthroughinfluencermarketing.Meanwhile,theplatformsattractmaterialistsanyway,asthey’reaperfectwaytosatisfymaterialisticneeds.”“It’sdefinitelyagoodideatobeawareoftheamountoftimeyouspendonsocialmediaandtoreduceit,”recommendsOzimek,whoadvisesagainstgivingupsocialmediacompletely.“Ifyoudid,you’relikelytoover-correct.”Healsosuggestsrecordingmaterialismandsocialmediauseinpatientsundergoingtreatmentformentalhealthdisorders.“Whilethesefactorsareoftenirrelevant,theycanbeastartingpointforadditionalinterventionspatientscantryoutathome.”12.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheVirtualWorld,theRealDangerB.ShowingSuperiorityCausesHeavyMediaUseC.MoreSocialMediaMaterialism,LessHappinessD.MaterialisticValues:ASteppingStonetoDiscontent13.Toqualifyforthesurvey,aparticipantmust______A.beabigspender B.specializeindataanalysisC.bearegularsocialmediauser D.uploadwebsurfinghistory14.WhatkindoffeelingisexpressedbyOzimekinparagraph6?A.Pessimism. B.Sympathy. C.Shock. D.Concern.15.WhatdoesOzimekproposeconcerningusingsocialmedia?A.Restrictingtheduration. B.Loggingontowell-ratedwebsites.C.Abandoningitforgood. D.Prohibitingpatientsfromusingit.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现社交媒体会导致人们的幸福感降低的问题，解释了研究开展的经过以及建议。【答案】12.C13.C14.D15.A【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Socialmediaprovidesmaterialistswithidealopportunitiestocomparethemselveswithothers,whichmakesthemsubjecttopassiveandaddictiveuserbehavior.Thisstressesthemoutand,ultimately,leadstolowlifesatisfaction,accordingtoanewstudy.(社交媒体为唯物主义者提供了与他人比较的理想机会，这使他们受到被动和上瘾的用户行为的影响。根据一项新的研究，这会给他们带来压力，最终导致生活满意度降低)”结合文章主要说明了研究发现社交媒体会导致人们的幸福感降低的问题，解释了研究开展的经过以及建议。故C选项“更多的社交媒体唯物主义，更少的幸福”最符合文章标题。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“ Inordertoparticipate,respondentshadtovisitatleastonesocialmediachannelatleastonceaweek.(为了参与调查，受访者必须每周至少访问一个社交媒体渠道一次。)”可知，要符合调查资格，参与者必须是社交媒体的常规用户。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段““Overall,thestudyprovidesfurtherevidencethattheuseofsocialmediaisassociatedwithrisks,especiallyforpeoplewithahighlymaterialisticmindset,”saysthepsychologist.“Thisisparticularlyworrying,becausesocialmediacanstimulateandincreasematerialisticvaluesthroughinfluencermarketing.Meanwhile,theplatformsattractmaterialistsanyway,asthey’reaperfectwaytosatisfymaterialisticneeds.”(这位心理学家说：“总的来说，这项研究提供了进一步的证据，证明使用社交媒体与风险有关，尤其是对那些具有高度物质主义心态的人来说。”“这尤其令人担忧，因为社交媒体可以通过影响力营销刺激和增加物质价值。同时，这些平台也吸引了物质主义者，因为它们是满足物质需求的完美方式。”)”可推知，作者表达了一种关心，关注。故选D。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段““It’sdefinitelyagoodideatobeawareoftheamountoftimeyouspendonsocialmediaandtoreduceit,”recommendsOzimek,whoadvisesagainstgivingupsocialmediacompletely.(“意识到你花在社交媒体上的时间并减少它绝对是一个好主意，”奥兹梅克建议，她不建议完全放弃社交媒体。)”可知，Ozimek建议限制时间。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Frenchparentingisn’tperfect,butthere’salotwecanlearnfromthiskindbutno-nonsensestyleofparenting.Frenchchildrenareallowedtohandledifficultthingsthemselves.____16____Theearlyyearsarewhentheydiscoverallthecoolwaystheirnewbodyworksandhowtouseit.Toencouragethisautonomy,Frenchparentstreatchildrenmorelikeadults-in-trainingthanhelplessbabies.Theybelievekidsfeelconfidentwhenthey’reabletodealwiththingsontheirown.Fearfulofhurtingfeelings,Americanparentstendtopraiseeverychildforeverything.____17____However,allthatpraiseeventuallyturnsouttobepointless.Bycontrast,Frenchadultsgivechildrenappropriatepraise,thusallowingthemtofeelatruesenseofachievementandtakeprideinwhattheylearn.Painfulexperiencesarethebestlearningopportunitiesandshelteringchildrenfromthisfactoflifewillmerelydelaytheiremotionaldevelopment.Frenchdoctorsneversay“sorry”whengivingkidsshots.TheFrenchbelieveundergoinghurts,ispartoflifeandthatthere’snoreasontoapologizeforthat.____18____Plus,theexpectationofeyecontactandapolitehellostartsfromtheminuteFrenchchildrencansayhello.Theyknowsaying“hello”andgoodmannersarenon-negotiable.Teachingthemaboutthatwillbenefitthemforalifetime.____19____Bepatientwithlittleonesastheylearn.Alltheabovefeelseasiersaidthandone,especiallyasatiredparentfacinganintolerablechild.____20____Youreffortswillendupwithchildren’sbetterbehaviouroverall.A.Theymeanwhattheysay.B.Thisisn’ttosayit’llcomeeasily.C.Itmightsavetearsintheshortterm.D.Theywishchildrentosuffersometimes.E.Bearingafewblow-upsisworthwhile,though.F.Parentshavetosparethemsuchpsychologicaldiscomfort.G.“Medoit!”islittlekids’favoritephraseandforgoodreason.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了法国的育儿方式。【答案】16.G17.C18.D19.B20.E【16题详解】由上文“Frenchchildrenareallowedtohandledifficultthingsthemselves.(法国儿童被允许自己处理困难的事情。)”和下文“Theearlyyearsarewhentheydiscoverallthecoolwaystheirnewbodyworksandhowtouseit.Toencouragethisautonomy,Frenchparentstreatchildrenmorelikeadults-in-trainingthanhelplessbabies.Theybelievekidsfeelconfidentwhenthey’reabletodealwiththingsontheirown.(在最初的几年里，他们发现了他们的新身体运作的所有很酷的方式以及如何使用它。为了鼓励这种自主性，法国父母对待孩子更像是在接受训练的成年人，而不是无助的婴儿。他们认为，当孩子们能够自己处理事情时，他们会感到自信。)”可知，法国孩子们愿意自己处理困难的事情，故G选项““Medoit!”islittlekids’favoritephraseandforgoodreason.(“我做！”是小孩子们最喜欢的一句话，这是有充分理由的。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选G。【17题详解】由上文“Fearfulofhurtingfeelings,Americanparentstendtopraiseeverychildforeverything.(由于害怕伤害孩子的感情，美国父母倾向于在任何事情上表扬每个孩子。)”可知，本空要说这种表扬的后果有关的话题，故C选项“Itmightsavetearsintheshortterm.(这可能在短期内挽救眼泪。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选C。【18题详解】由上文“Painfulexperiencesarethebestlearningopportunitiesandshelteringchildrenfromthisfactoflifewillmerelydelaytheiremotionaldevelopment.Frenchdoctorsneversay“sorry”whengivingkidsshots.TheFrenchbelieveundergoinghurts,ispartoflifeandthatthere’snoreasontoapologizeforthat.(痛苦的经历是最好的学习机会，让孩子们逃避生活中的这一事实只会延迟他们的情感发展。法国医生在给孩子打针时从不说“对不起”。法国人认为，经历伤害是生活的一部分，没有理由为此道歉。)”可知，痛苦的经历是最好的学习机会，经历伤害是生活的一部分，所以他们希望孩子们有时受苦，故D选项“Theywishchildrentosuffersometimes.(他们希望孩子们有时受苦。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选D。【19题详解】由上文“Plus,theexpectationofeyecontactandapolitehellostartsfromtheminuteFrenchchildrencansayhello.Theyknowsaying“hello”andgoodmannersarenon-negotiable.Teachingthemaboutthatwillbenefitthemforalifetime.(此外，从法国孩子会打招呼的那一刻起，他们就开始期待眼神交流和礼貌的问候。他们知道说“你好”和礼貌是不容置疑的。教会他们这些将使他们受益终生。)”和下文“Bepatientwithlittleonesastheylearn.(在孩子学习的过程中对他们要有耐心。)”可知，教会他们这些并不容易，所以要有耐心，故B选项“Thisisn’ttosayit’llcomeeasily.(这并不是说它会来得容易。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选B。【20题详解】由下文“Youreffortswillendupwithchildren’sbetterbehaviouroverall.(你的努力最终会让孩子们表现得更好。)”可知，这些努力是值得的，故E选项“Bearingafewblow-upsisworthwhile,though.(不过，承受几次发脾气是值得的。)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选E。第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。InLincolnElementarySchool,thestudentswentwildwithexcitementonhearingtheannouncementoftheupcomingsciencefair.Amongthe____21____participantswasAlex,apromisingyoungscientistwithapassionfor____22____.Alexenvisionedcreatingavolcanomodelforthefair,completewitha(n)____23____displayusingbakingsoda(小苏打)andvinegar(醋).HewasbusywithhisprojectwhenhenoticedMia,arecentadditiontotheschool,____24____toresolvethecomplexitiesofthesciencefair.Insteadofbeing____25____,AlexdecidedtoextendahelpinghandandinvitedMiato____26____him.Theirworkingtogetherbecamealively____27____ofideasandcreativity.Alexpatientlyexplainedthescientificmethod,____28____hisknowledgewithMia,who,inturn,putforwardnewthoughts.They____29____searchedformaterials,exploringsciencebytrialanderror.Timeflying,theirjointproject,aneye-openingsolar-poweredmodel,was____30____.Onthesciencefairday,theschoolgymwasfullofscientificwonders.WhenAlexandMiaconfidentlyintroducedtheirprojectandskillfully____31____theawe-inspiringsightofvolcaniceruption,thejudgesweredeeplyimpressedandawardedthemaspecial____32____forteamwork.Alex’sdecisionto____33____toMianotonlymadethefairmemorableforthembutgeneratedpositiveenergyamongthestudents,whorealizedthat____34____,aswellaskindness,istrulya____35____insupportingoneanotherinthepursuitofscientificknowledge.21.A.daring B.curious C.hesitant D.eager22.A.theory B.biology C.experiments D.adventures23.A.burning B.erupting C.talent D.gravity24.A.struggling B.offering C.demanding D.managing25.A.well-intended B.self-absorbed C.hard-working D.easy-going26.A.replace B.accompany C.join D.instruct27.A.exchange B.race C.change D.challenge28.A.sharing B.checking C.doubting D.acquiring29.Aaimlessly B.randomly C.leisurely D.tirelessly30.A.initiated B.born C.planned D.located31.A.analyzed B.designed C.filmed D.demonstrated32.A.contract B.recognition C.permit D.degree33.A.reachout B.getthrough C.givein D.lookup34.A.competition B.dignity C.discipline D.cooperation35.A.destination B.subject C.must D.signal【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了亚历克斯的年轻人和米娅合作完成一个火山模型的过程和获得认可后的感受。【答案】21.D22.C23.B24.A25.B26.C27.A28.A29.D30.B31.D32.B33.A34.D35.C【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：渴望的参与者中有一位名叫亚历克斯的年轻科学家，他对实验充满热情，前途无量。A.daring大胆的；B.curious好奇的；C.hesitant犹豫不决的；D.eager渴望的。根据前文的“InLincolnElementarySchool,thestudentswentwildwithexcitementonhearingtheannouncementoftheupcomingsciencefair.”可知，当学生们听到即将到来的科学博览会的消息时，兴奋得发疯，所以大家渴望参与。故选D项。22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：热心的参与者中有一位名叫亚历克斯的年轻科学家，他对实验充满热情，前途无量。A.theory理论；B.biology生物学；C.experiments实验；D.adventures冒险。根据后文的“Alexenvisionedcreatingavolcanomodelforthefair,completewitha(n)displayusingbakingsoda(小苏打)andvinegar(醋).”可知，亚历克斯设想为博览会制作一个火山模型，对实验充满热情。故选C项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：亚历克斯设想为博览会制作一个火山模型，用小苏打和醋来完成火山喷发的展示。A.burning燃烧；B.erupting喷发；C.talent天赋；D.gravity重力。根据前文的“Alexenvisionedcreatingavolcanomodelforthefair”可知，亚历克斯设想为博览会制作一个火山模型，即完成火山喷发的展示。故选B项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：正当他忙于自己的项目时，他注意到学校新来的米娅正在努力解决科学展览的复杂问题。A.struggling努力；B.offering提供；C.demanding要求；D.managing管理。根据后文的“toresolvethecomplexitiesofthesciencefair”可知，米娅正在努力解决科学展览的复杂问题。故选A项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：亚历克斯没有只顾自己，而是决定伸出援助之手，邀请米娅加入他的行列。A.well-intended用意良好；B.self-absorbed只顾自己的，自我专注的；C.hard-working勤奋的；D.easy-going随和的。根据后文的“AlexdecidedtoextendahelpinghandandinvitedMiatohim.”可知，亚历克斯决定伸出援助之手，邀请米娅加入他的行列，所以亚历克斯没有只顾自己。故选B项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：亚历克斯没有只顾自己，而是决定伸出援助之手，邀请米娅加入他的行列。A.replace更换；B.accompany陪伴；C.join加入；D.instruct指导。根据后文的“Theirworkingtogetherbecamealivelyofideasandcreativity.”可知，他们的合作成为了思想和创造力的活跃交流，可推知亚历克斯邀请米娅加入他的行列。故选C项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的合作成为了思想和创造力的活跃交流。A.exchange交流；B.race快速转动；C.change改变；D.challenge挑战。根据后文的“ofideasandcreativity.Alexpatientlyexplainedthescientificmethod,hisknowledgewithMia,who,inturn,putforwardnewthoughts.”可知，亚历克斯耐心地解释科学方法，并与米娅分享他的知识，而米娅则提出了新的想法。二人的合作成为了思想和创造力的活跃交流。故选A项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：亚历克斯耐心地解释科学方法，并与米娅分享他的知识，而米娅则提出了新的想法。A.sharing分享；B.checking检查；C.doubting怀疑；D.acquiring获取。根据前文“Alexpatientlyexplainedthescientificmethod”和后文的“hisknowledgewithMia,who,inturn,putforwardnewthoughts”可知，亚历克斯耐心地解释科学方法，并与米娅分享他的知识。故选A项。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们不知疲倦地寻找材料，通过反复试验来探索科学。A.aimlessly漫无目的地；B.randomly随机；C.leisurely悠闲地；D.tirelessly不知疲倦地。根据前文的“searchedformaterials,exploringsciencebytrialanderror”可知，二人非常努力，反复试验来探索科学，不知疲倦地寻找材料。故选D项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：时光飞逝，他们的合作项目——一个令人大开眼界的太阳能模型——诞生了。A.initiated发起；B.born出生，诞生；C.planned计划；D.located定位。根据前文的“Alexenvisionedcreatingavolcanomodelforthefair”和“Timeflying,theirjointproject,aneye-openingsolar-poweredmodel”可知，亚历克斯设想为博览会制作一个火山模型，经过二人的努力，一个令人大开眼界的太阳能模型诞生了。故选B项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Alex和Mia自信地介绍了他们的项目，并熟练地展示了令人敬畏的火山喷发景象时，评委们留下了深刻的印象，并对他们的团队合作给予了特别的认可。A.analyzed分析；B.designed设计；C.filmed拍摄；D.demonstrated演示，展示。根据后文的“theawe-inspiringsightofvolcaniceruption”可知，他们熟练地展示了令人敬畏的火山喷发景象。故选D项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当Alex和Mia自信地介绍了他们的项目，并熟练地展示了令人敬畏的火山喷发景象时，评委们留下了深刻的印象，并对他们的团队合作给予了特别的认可。A.contract合同；B.recognition认可；C.permit允许；D.degree程度。根据前文的“thejudgesweredeeplyimpressedandawardedthemaspecial”可知，他们给评委们留下了深刻的印象，获得了特别的认可。故选B项。【33题详解】考查动词短语辨析。