高三英语二轮复习 第1部分 专题4 语法填空 重点2 从句引导词-人教版高三英语试题

重点2|从句引导词Ⅰ.定语从句的关系词(关系代词和关系副词)自查自纠解题分析语法讲解1.Ilikethesecondfootballmatchthatwasheldlastweek.引导词在定语从句中作主语，指事物用that/which，但当先行词有序数词修饰时只用that不用which，故用that。引导定语从句的关系代词有：that，which，who，whom，whose，as。他们在句中可作主语、宾语或定语。2.Iwanttobuyadictionary,whichisvaluabletomylearning.根据逗号可知为非限制性定语从句，引导词作主语且指物，应用which。(1)that指人或物，可作主语、宾语；which指物，可作主语、宾语；非限制性定语从句中和介词后用which不用that；3.Thosewhowanttogotothemuseummustbeattheschoolgateat7tomorrowmorning.引导词在定语从句中作主语且指人，应用who。根据those可知不能用that。4.Thebooktellsstoriesoftheearthquakethroughtheeyesofthosewhoseliveswereaffected.引导词在定语从句中作定语且指人，应用whose。(2)who/whom指人，who作主语，whom作宾语；(3)whose指人或物，作定语；(4)as常指整个句子，可位于句首，常表示“正如……”。5.Asisoftenthecasewithchildren,Amywasbetterbythetimethedoctorarrived.as引导定语从句可位于句首。6．Thisistheplacewheretheyusedtotakeawalk.【导学号：90892021】引导词在定语从句中作地点状语，用where。引导定语从句的关系副词有when，where，why，他们都在从句中作状语，分别表示时间、地点和原因。7．Doyouknowthereasonwhyhewasabsentyesterday？引导词在定语从句中作原因状语，用why。8．IstillrememberthedayswhenwestayedinEngland.引导词在定语从句中作时间状语，用when。先行词表示时间、地点或原因时，引导词不一定用when，where，why，要依它在从句中作什么成分而定。9．Doyoustillrememberthedaysthat/whichwespentinQingdao？引导词在定语从句中作spent的宾语，用that/which。10．DoyouknowthemanwithwhomMr.Blacktalkedjustnow？引导词在介词后，指人用whom。介词后面的引导词指人时用whom，指物时用which。Ⅱ.引导名词性从句的连词(连接词、连接代词和连接副词)自查自纠解题分析语法讲解1.Itsuddenlyoccurredtohimthathehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.It作形式主语，引导词在主语从句中没有任何含义，应用that。引导名词性从句的连接词包括that，whether/if，它们在从句中不作任何成分，that无任何含义，whether/if意为“是否”，if只能引导宾语从句。2.Wemustfacethefactthatthewarhaskilledmanypeople.引导词在同位语从句中没有任何含义，应用that。3.Westillhavesomedoubtwhethertheycancompletethetaskontime.引导词在同位语从句中不作成分，表示“是否”，应用whether。4.Whowillbeinvitedtotheceremonyhasn'tbeendecided.引导词在主语从句中作主语且指人，应用who。引导名词性从句的连接代词包括who，whom，whose，what，which，who(m)ever，whatever，whichever，它们既起引导从句的作用，同时又在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。需注意what表示“什么”，而which表示“哪一个”。5.Ithinkwhatimpressesmeabouthispaintingisthecolorheuses.引导词在主语从句中作主语且指物，应用what。6.Whoeverhashelpedtosavethedrowningboyisworthpraising.引导词在主语从句中作主语，意为“无论谁”，应用whoever。7．Thebestmomentforthefootballstarwaswhenhescoredthewinninggoal.引导词在表语从句中作时间状语，应用when。引导名词性从句的连接副词包括when，where，why，how，它们既起引导从句的作用，同时又在从句中作时间、地点、原因或方式状语。8．Grandmapointedtothehospitalandsaid，”That'swhereIwasborn.”引导词在表语从句中作地点状语，应用where。9．Theexhibitiontellsuswhyweshoulddosomethingtostopairpollution.引导词在宾语从句中作原因状语，应用why。10．Shehasknownhowsheshouldsettlethematter.【导学号：90892022】引导词在宾语从句中作方式状语，应用how。Ⅲ.引导状语从句的连词自查自纠解题分析语法讲解1.Onourlasthike,weweretoldtotakearestwhenwefelttired.表示“当……时候”用when。引导时间状语从句的连词常见的有：when，while，as，before，after，since，till，until，once，themoment等。2.Johnthinksitwon'tbelongbeforeheisreadyforhisnewjob.Itwon'tbelongbefore...为固定句型，before引导时间状语从句。3.Iwon'tseehimtill/untilhisangerhascooleddown.考查not...until/till句型，until/till引导时间状语从句。4．Ifyouhappentogetlostinthewild,you'dbetterstaywhereyouareandwaitforhelp.所填之词引导地点状语从句，用where地点状语从句通常由where引导5．Ifeveryonedoeshispart,theprojectwillsurelybeasuccess.if引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”。引导条件状语从句的连词常见的主要是if和unless。6．Shesaysthatshe'llhavetoclosetheshopunlessbusinessimproves.unless引导条件状语从句，表示“除非，如果不”。7．MarkneedstolearnChinesebecausehiscompanyisopeningabranchinBeijing.此处强调原因，应用because。原因状语从句中because强调原因；as，since，nowthat指双方都知道的原因。8．Although/Though/WhileIunderstandyouropinion,Idon'tagreewithyou.引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管，虽然”，可用although/though/while。引导让步状语从句的连词有：although，though，while，evenif/though；as/though用于倒装的让步状语从句。9．Hetoldussuchaninterestingstorythatwealllaughed.考查such...that...结构。结果状语从句主要是so/such...that...。10．Thestudentsshoulddotheexperimentsastheyweretold.as引导方式状语从句，表示“按照，像……一样”。引导方式状语从句的连词主要是as。[语篇填空]用适当的从句引导词填空。Itwaslateonemorning.Idon'trememberwhatitwasabout,butmyhusbandandIhadaheatedargument.Ithrewafewthingsinasmallsuitcaseandlefthome,notknowingwheretogo.Afterdrivingincirclesforseveralminutes,Istoppedatashoptobuysomething.Atthattime,mydaughtercalledmeandtoldmeherdadwasworriedaboutme.Butbecausemyangerhadn'tleftme,Ihungupthephoneimmediately.WhenIwenttomycarquicklyafterfinishingmypurchase,Ifoundapieceofwhitepaperstuckundermywindshieldwiper(雨刮器)．AtruckpulledupbesidemebeforeIcouldseethewordsonthepaperclearly.Hangingoutofthewindowwasmyhusband,besidewhomwasmylovelydaughter.That'swhyIstartedlaughing.Movedbythem,IlaughedsohardthatIcried.Although/ThoughIhadmadegreateffortstorunawayfromhome,themanwholovedmemanagedtofindme.【导学号：90892023】A(2016·河南适应性模拟)Ayoungladyconfidentlywalkedaroundtheroomwitharaisedglassofwater，andeveryoneknewshewasgoingtoaskthequestion，“Halfemptyorhalffull？”She1(fool)themall.“Howheavyisthisglassofwater？”sheinquiredwithasmile.2(answer)cameoutfrom8oz.to20oz.Shereplied.“Theabsoluteweightdoesn'tmatter.3dependsonhowlongIholdit.IfIholditforaminute，that'snotaproblem.IfIholditforanhour，I4(have)anacheinmyrightarm.IfIholditforaday，you'llhavetocallanambulance.Ineachcaseit'sthesameweight，butthelongerIholdit，the5(heavy)itbecomes.”Shecontinued，“Andthat'sthewayitiswithstress.Ifwecarryourburdensallthetime，soonerorlater，astheburdenbecomes6(increasing)heavy，wewon'tbeabletocarryon.”“Aswiththeglassofwater，youhavetoputitdownforawhileandrestbefore7(hold)itagain.Whenwe'rerefreshed，wecancarryon8theburden－holdingstresslongerandbettereachtimepracticed.”So，asearlyintheevening9youcan，putallyourburdensdown.Don'tcarrythemthroughtheeveningandintonight.10(pick)themuptomorrow.本文是一篇简短的哲理故事。故事中主人公用一杯水比喻人的压力：压力就像水杯里的水一样，我们举杯子的时间越长，就越会感觉到水变得更重。压力也是如此，我们越放不下，就越会感觉到压力，所以我们要学会“放下”。1．fooled[考查动词的时态。根据上下文可知，本文叙述的是过去的事情，所以用一般过去时。]2．Answers[考查名词的数。根据“from8oz.to20oz.”可知，多个人回答了问题，所以用名词的复数形式。]3．It[考查语境填词Itdependson...是固定句型，意为“这取决于……”。故填it。]4．willhave[考查动词的时态。这是If引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时表示将来，主句用一般将来时。]5．heavier[考查形容词的比较级。“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..”，意为“越……(就)越……”。此处指举得时间越长，它就变得越重。故用heavy的比较级heavier。]6．increasingly[考查派生词。此处应用副词修饰形容词heavy。故填increasingly。]7．holding[考查非谓语动词。因为空格前的“before”为介词，所以用动名词形式。]8．with[考查介词。carryonwithsth.为固定搭配，意为“继续做某事”。]9．as[考查语境填词。空格处与前面的as构成固定搭配“as...asyoucan”，意为“尽可能……”。]10．Pick[考查动词的语气。本句为祈使句，因此应用动词原形。]【导学号：90892024】B(2016·哈尔滨市第三中学高考模拟考试)Iwasdrivinghomelateatnight11mycarlostmomentum(冲力)andgotslowerandslower.NothingIdidseemedtomakeany12(different)．“Itcan'tbethefuel，”Ithought.Thepetrolgauge(汽油量表)wasshowingIhadplenty13(leave)．ThenmycardiedcompletelyafterI14(manage)torolltothesideoftheroad.Itwasanextremelydark,lonelycountryroad.Neitherasingleperson15anytrafficwasinsightatall.Ifeltlikeanidiot.Ishouldnothaveleftwithoutchargingmycellphone.ThebatterywasdeadandIwasalonewithoutanyway16(contact)myfamily.Timedrippedslowlylikealeakingtap.“God,helpme！”Ibeggedanxiously.“Istheresomeonewhowillbekindenoughtostopandhelpmeout？”17,therewasnosignofanyone.Iwasstartingtopanic,18(feel)completelyabandoned.SuddenlyIsawafaintlight19thedistance.Iwavedmywhitescarfashardaspossible.Itwasahugelorry.Thedriverstoppedandkindlydrovemetothenearesthotel，20Ihadarest,andthenIcalledmyfamilyandexplainedwhathadhappened.HowluckyIwas!Whenhestoppedforme,IfeltasifIhadjustfoundamilliondollars.这是一篇记叙文。本文叙述了“我”深夜驾车所经历的困境，最后终于见到了曙光。11.when[考查并列连词。bedoing...when...为固定句型，意为“正在做某事，这时……”。]12.difference[考查派生词。makeadifference为固定短语，意为“有影响，起作用”。]13.left[考查非谓语动词。句意：汽油量表显示剩下了足够的汽油。leave与plenty为动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。]14.managed/hadmanaged[考查时态。由after可判定manage发生在died之前，故用过去完成时，或用一般过去时与died并列。]15.nor[考查语境填词。neither...nor...表示“既不……也不……”。]16.tocontact[考查非谓语动词作定语。句意：电池没电了，我孤零零地没法联系我的家人。在way的后面应用不定式作定语。]17.However[考查语境填词。前后两句为转折关系，根据逗号可知应填however，注意首字母要大写。]18.feeling[考查非谓语动词作状语。此处应用现在分词feeling作伴随状语。]19.in[考查介词。inthedistance意为“在远处”。]20.where[考查从句的引导词。空格内的词引导定语从句并在从句中作地点状语，故用where。]C(2016·成都外国语学校高三高考冲刺卷)Iwaslivingalifeinmyscreenandhardlynoticedwhat21(be)aroundme.Iwasalwayscheckingthetimeandthinkingoffuture22(plan)．Mythoughtwas:“Who'sgoingtotextmenow?WhatwillIdonext？”Mybedtimeroutinewasusuallycentered23onething:myphone.24Iwenttosleep,Ibrowsedthroughnewswebsitesandcheckedmye－mails.WhenIwokeupinthemiddleofthenight,Ididthesamething.TheproblemwiththiswasthatIfeltanxiouseverynight.Sowhenmyfriendsinvitedme25(go)foralongweekendcampingwithoutthecellservice,Ithoughtthiswas26(exact)whatIneeded.Here'show27(keep)awayfrommyphonefor48hourschangedmeandmywayoflife.Withoutmyphone,I28(fall)asleeplisteningtothesongsoffrogsandcrickets.Inthemorning,Iwokeupenergetically.Sittingbytheriver,ridingabike,orsingingtheoldsongs,I29(true)enjoyedwhatIwasdoing.Ifeltfreewithoutmyphoneatweekendcamp，30changedmecompletely.Ilistenedtowhatmybodywantedinsteadofwhatmyphonewastellingmetodo.这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍我曾经对手机很依赖，但一次不带手机的经历使我体验到很多好处。21.was[考查时态。前面的动词noticed为一般过去时，根据时态的一致性可知此处应用一般过去时。]22.plans[考查名词的数。plan为可数名词，此处应用复数形式。]23.on[考查介词。短语becenteredon意为“集中到……”。]24.Before[考查从句引导词。句意：在睡觉前我浏览新闻网站并查看邮件。此处应用before引导时间状语从句。]25.togo[考查非谓语动词。invitesb.todosth.意为“邀请某人做某事”。]26.exactly[考查派生词。此处空格内的词修饰谓语部分，应用副词形式。]27.keeping[考查非谓语动词。67(keep)awayfrommyphonefor48hours为主语部分，应用动名词keeping。]28.fell[考查时态。本句前后句子的谓语动词都是过去时，根据时态的一致性可知，此处应用一般过去时。]29.truly[考查派生词。修饰动词enjoyed应用副词truly。]30.which[考查从句的引导词。空格内的词引导非限制性定语从句且在从句中作主语，先行词为前面的整个句子，故用which。]D(2016·河北省衡水中学二模)Lastweekendourschoolheldasportsmeeting.31(realize)itwasourlasthighschoolsportsmeeting,wedecidedtomakeitanunforgettableexperienceforallofus.Wefirstattendedtheopeningparade,for32ourclasshadmadealotof33(prepare)．34ourexcitement,ourparadeperformancewasagreatsuccess.Aftertheparade,thegamestarted.Myclassmatesattended35(vary)eventssuchasrunning,highjumpandlongjump.Duetothehardtrainingthey36(do)before,theirperformanceswerevery37(impress)．Onthestand,myclassmatesapplaudedandcheeredtheathletes,some38(raise)theircamerastocapturetheexcitingmoments.Finally,theresult39(announce)．Itwas40(amaze)thatourclasswonthesecondplace.Oureffortspaidoff!Cupinhand,wetookapicturetogether.Ibelieveallofuswillrememberthisunforgettableexperienceastimegoesby.这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了我们参加运动会的一次难忘经历。31.Realizing[考查非谓语动词。此处用现在分词作状语，表示原因。]32.which[考查从句引导词。句意：我们首先参加了开幕式，为此我们做了很多准备。此处为非限制性定语从句，介词后指物应用which。]33.preparations[考查派生词词。alotof之后应跟名词的复数形式preparations。]34.To[考查介词。句意：使我们兴奋的是，我们的开幕式取得了很大的成功。toone'sexcitement意为“令某人兴奋的是”。]35.various[考查派生词。空格内的词修饰名词events，表示“各种各样的比赛”，应用various。]36.haddone[考查时态。根据before可知发生在过去的过去，应用过去完成时haddone。]37.impressive[考查派生词。在系动词之后表示“印象深刻的”，应用形容词impressive。]38.raising[考查独立主格结构。句意：在看台，同学们都为选手鼓掌、加油，一些人拿出照相机拍照。some与raise为主动关系，应用现在分词raising。]39.wasannounced[考查语态。句意：最后，结果被宣布了。此处应用一般过去时的被动语态wasannounced。]40.amazing[考查派生词。在系动词之后作表语表示“令人惊讶的”，应用amazing。]E(2016·陕西师大附中模拟)People41(live)indifferentcountrieshavemadedifferentkindsof42(word)．Todaythereareaboutfifteenhundredlanguagesintheworld.Eachcontainsmanythousandsofwords.Averylargedictionary,forexample，43(contain)fourorfivehundredthousandwords.Butwedonotneedallthese.Toreadshortstories,youneedtoknowonlyabouttwothousandwords.Beforeyouleaveschool,youwilllearnonlyonethousand44so.Thewordsyouknow45(call)yourvocabulary.Youshouldtrytomakeyourvocabulary46(big)．Readasmanybooksaswecan.Therearealotofbooks47(write)ineasyEnglish.Youwillenjoythem.Whenyoumeet48newword,lookit49inyourdictionary.Yourdictionaryisyour50(much)usefulbook.【导学号：90892025】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了词典及其应用。41.living[考查非谓语动词。此处用现在分词作定语，相当于定语从句wholive...。]42.words[考查名词的数。此处指不同种类的单词，应用复数words。]43.contains[考查时态。句意：一本大词典包含四五十万单词。表达的是一种事实，应用一般现在时。]44.or[考查并列连词。orso意为“大约”。]45.arecalled[考查语态。句意：你所知道的单词被称作你的词汇量。此处应用一般现在时的被动语态。]46.bigger[考查比较等级。句意：你应该使你的词汇量更大。此处应用比较级bigger。]47．written[考查非谓语动词。表示“被写的”，应用过去分词作定语。]48．a[考查冠词。句意：当你遇到一个生词，要查词典。此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词。]49.up[考查副词。lookup意为“查找”。]50.most[考查比较等级。表示“最有用的”，应用最高级。]F(2016·银川一中模拟)Youarenevertoooldtotrytomakeyourdreamscometrue.ThiscouldbeMaryMoe'smotto—the51(express)thatbestre