Unit4教案讲义及练习牛津深圳版英语八年级上册

Unit4Inventions一、词形转换1.2.funnyadj.滑稽的;好笑的fun3.createv.创造;创作4.fortableadj.舒适的;使人舒服的fortably5.carryv.拿，扛;携带;搬运6.practicaladj.有用的;实用的practicen.实践;练习7.distancen.距离;间距8.dustn.灰尘;尘土9.specialadj.特殊的;特别的10.introductionn.引言:介绍introduce二、重点短语(单词与短语过关P105)1.mobilephone移动;2.inthedaytime在白天3.insteadof代替;而不是...4.keepintouchwith与...保持联系5.liveabetterlife过着更好的生活6.eachother互相=oneanother7.atthesametime同时8.referto谈到;提到9.keepoff使......不接近10.atthestartof在...初期11.acrosstheworld全世界12.withthehelpof在...的帮助下13.intheearly19thcentury在十九世纪早期14.inashorttime不久;一会儿15.turnintov.变成;进入16.abigsuccess一次巨大的成功17.English—speakingcountry说英语的国家18.millionsofpeople数百万人20.allowsb.todo...允许某人做某事三、重点句型(读背记)1.Intheearly19thcentury,thefirsttrainsbegantocarrypassengers.在19世纪早期，第一列火车开始载客。2.Sincethen,peoplehavebeenabletospeaktoeachotheroverlongdistances.从那时起，人们已经能够长距离彼此说话。3.Themobilephonesallowpeopletokeepintouchwitheachotheranytime,anywhere.允许人们在任何时间，任何地方彼此保持联系。4.Afteritsinvention,travellingbecamefasterandmorefortable.在它发明之后，旅行变得更快并且更舒适。5.Withlightbulbs,peoplecandoasmanythingsintheeveningastheycaninthedaytime.有了灯泡，人们在晚上可以像在白天一样做尽可能多的事情。6.Myinventionisaflyingcar.It'sfast.convenientandgreen.(p60)我的发明是一辆会飞的汽车。它快速，方便和绿色。7.Thefollowingarethreeofthemostimportantinventionsinhistory.(p60)以下是三个历史上最重要的发明。8.Theballpointpenwasagreatsuccess.(p61)这种圆珠笔是个巨大的成功。8AUnit4词形转换检测1.advertisement→v.2.fun→adj.3.create→adj.4.create→n.(指人)5.fortable→adv.6.carry→n.7.practice→adj.8.distant→n.9.dust→adj.10.special→adv.11.introduce→n.12.follow→n./adj.13.this→pl.(复数)14.imagine→adj.Unit4InventionsVocabulary(1)基础识记一、根据要求写出相应的单词。1.create(名词) 2.fun(形容词)3.introduction(动词) 4.invent(名词)5.practice(形容词) 6.fortable(副词)7.distance(形容词) 8.century(复数)9.special(副词) 10.develop(名词)二、根据句意及首字母提示写单词，完成句子。11.Inthenewspaperthereareallkindsofa.Peoplecanfindsomejobsonit.12.Thelocalgovernmentalwayscmorejobsforyoungpeople.13.Mostcarsrunwiththeirwlikeourfeet.14.Itisctoliedownonthesofaafteralongwalk.15.Inolddayspeopleusedctolightatnightbecausetherewasnoelectricity.三、用括号内所给的提示词，完成句子。16.Nowinthe21st(世纪)manyyoungpeopledon'tliketolivewiththeirparents.17.Humanbeingslearnto(发明)somethingnewallthetime.18.Thistoolis(实用的).Itcanbeusedinmanyways.19.The(距离)betweenusisbeinglongerandlonger.20.Hisstoriesarealwaysvery,(有趣的)andmakeallofuslaugh.21.Theyalwaysimagine(live)inabighousewithabeautifulgarden.22.Chinaisa(develop)countryintheworld.23.Theyare,(create)anewkindofmachineinordertoimprovethequality.24.Parentsdon'tallowtheirchildren(stay)uplateatnight.25.Todaypeople(cross)theworldcanknowmanythingsinaflashontheInternet.四、选出符合题意的最佳答案。()26.Thiskindofmachineis.Thatis,it'scheapanduseful,andmanyfactoriesuseit.A.famous B.practical C.perfect D.fashionable()27.Thepoetanewpoem.Couldyoureadit?A.created B.developed C.imagined D.checked()28.Somewritersliketosleepandworkintheevening.Why?A.inthemorning B.intheirfreetime C.inthedaytime D.asusual()29.It'sreportedtheyinventedakindofcars.Theycanflyinthesky.A.usual B.skillful C.natural D.special()30.Hismotherdiedwhenhewas14.Hehaslivedwithhisfather.A.sincethen B.atthattime C.manyyearsago D.inthepastVocabulary(2)基础拓展用所给单词的适当形式填空。1.funny1)Whatastory!2)That'sthejokeIhaveeverheard.3)Wehadalotof.4)Whatwehad!5)Theyaremakingoftheoldman.6)Sailingaboatisagreat.2.create1)Heisawholenewlanguageofpainting.2)Thenew—mediaindustryattractsyoungandpeople.3)Cookingis.4)Youwillknowthatyouaretheofyourownfate(命运)。3.practical1)Wecangiveyou.suggestionsonhowtoimproveyourspokenEnglish.2)Therearemany,activitiesinourschool.3)Mysonattendedbasketballeveryweek.4)Shethepianoeveryday.Themoreshehas,themoreskillfulsheis.4.distance1)wesuddenlysawherinthe.2)Thewon'tbeaproblem.3)Theschoolisthreemilesfromthestation.5.introduction1)MichaelJackson,ofcourse,needsno.Weallknowhim.2)Thebook’sisbrief(简短).3)Tim,mayIyoutomyuncle'ssecretary,MaryWaller?6.fortable1)Ahomeshouldbeandfriendly.2)Liedownonyourbedandmakeyourselfyourself.3)Areyousitting?ThenIwillbegin.7.advertisement1)Theyplacedaninthelocalnewspaperforamanager.2)Thegovernmentwillallowthemtoonradioandtelevision.Reading(1)词汇记忆与运用一、根据要求写出相应的短语。 2.与...保持联系3.使...不接近 5.在...的开始 7.一双... 8.代替;而不是9.谈到;提到 10.从事...工作【学以致用】根据句意从上面选择适当的短语并用其正确形式填空。11.Thereisaboard,saying:thegrass,please.12.Theyeachothersincegraduation.13.HowIwishforwings.Ifso,IcangowhereverIwantto.14.OntherainynightIstayedathomegoingtothecinema.15.,wehavelivedindifferentareasandneverseeneachotheragain.二、根据汉语提示补全句子，每空一词。1.这场辩论逐渐变成了激烈的争吵。Theargumentabitterquarrelstepbystep.2.那个小女孩刚才吃的面包和她哥哥吃的一样多。Thelittlegirlateherbrotherjustnow.Youcanyoulike.4.在它发明之后,旅行变得更加迅捷、更加舒适。Afteritsinvention,travellingbecameand.5.这个尺子对我来说很实用。Thisrulerisveryme.6.上次在博物馆我们不允许拍照.Wetotakephotosinthemuseumlasttime.7.从那以后,我和我的老同学们保持着联系。SincethenImyformerclassmates.三、拓展阅读:选择方框中的词或短语填空，如需要，进行适当变化，每个词或短语最多选用一次。create;inhistory;liveabetterlife;beepractical;invent;developThisweek,wearegoingtolearnaboutgreatinventions(1).Infactmanyinventions(2)byaccident.Theinventorsweretryingtomakesomethingpletelydifferent.Hereisonestory.In1945,attheendoftheSecondWorldWar,PercyLeBaronSpencer,anAmerican(3),wasworkingonamachinetoproducepowerfulradiowaves.Whenhewasstandingnexttothenewmachine,thebarofchocolateinhispocketbecamesoft.Themachinewasabletocookthings!Percycalleditamicrowave,andsoonmanyhomesbegantouseit.Itmakeus(4)Thefirstmicrowave,however,weighedaround350kilogramsandwasasbigasafridge!Intime,microwavesbecamesmallerandsmaller.Finally,it(5)andconvenient.Nowmillionsofhomeshavemicrowavesandmanypeoplecan'timaginelivingwithoutone.Likemanyotherinventions,themicrowavehaschangedthewaywelive.Reading(2)句型与课文一、用括号里所给的句型造句。1.为了让我们过更好的生活，我爸爸很努力地工作。(live...life)2.暑天游泳对于我们来说是一个不错的选择。(Doingsth.is...)3.在离开这儿之前,我打扫完了所有的房间。(before+doing...)4.在21世纪初,变得流行起来。(atthestartof…)5.有了电脑,人们可以做比以前更多的事了。(with...)6.几千年以前，中国人就开始用树造纸了。(starttouse...)7、你能想像生活在火星上吗?(imaginedoing...)二、选出符合题意的最佳选项。()1.YoucangotovisitMr.Wangnextweekifyouwantto.Heisfree.A.anytime B.atthemoment C.atthesametime D.asusual()2.Chinaanewplanelastyear.It'ssaidit'sbetterthanthatmadeinAmerica.A.bought B.needed C.developed D.tried()3.Mr.Wangwasabsent.SoMrs.Huwouldgiveuslessonshim.A.togetherwith B.insteadof C.inshortof D.instead()4.Imetherlasttimein2000.,we'velivedfarandneverseeneachotheragain.A.Sincethen B.Infact C.Inthefuture D.Intheend()5.Thisinventionissouseful.Itcanrainourbag.Andourbagscankeepdryintherain.A.turn;off B.keep;in C.keep;off D.take;in三、课文改写填空。Todaywearegoingtotalkaboutthreeinventionswhicharethreeofthe(1)(important)onesinhistory.Theyarethewheel,thetelephone(2)thelightbulb.Thewheelmaybethegreatestinvention.Withwheels,wecantravelfasterandmore(3)(fortable).Carriages,trainsandcarsareallonwheels.(4)wheels,theywouldnotbeinvented.Intheearly19thcentury,trains(5)(use)tocarrypassengers.Atthe(6)(begin)ofthe20thcentury,carsbecamepopular.AlexanderGrahamBellwasthe(7)(invent)ofthefirstpracticaltelephones.Theywerecreatedin1876.Sincethen,itmakesitpossibleforpeople(8)(talk)toanotheronefaraway.Nowwehavemobilephones,andwecankeepintouchwitheachotheranytime,(9)(somewhere).ThomasEdisonmadethefirstpracticallightbulb(10)oillamps,gaslampsandcandlesin1879.Theinventionhelpspeople(11)(see)thingswellatnight.Withlightbulbs,wecandothingsintheeveningaswell(12)inthedaytime.Listening,Speaking,WritingandMorePractice基础知识一、根据要求写出相应的短语。 2.决定做......5.变成...... 9.给......写邮件 10.从事......工作二、根据汉语提示补全句子，每空一词。1.那个小女孩从不对陌生人讲话。Thelittlegirlneverstrangers.2.不要踩到地面上的水，小心弄湿你的鞋子。yourfeetthewaterontheground,oritwillmakeyourshoeswet.3.大多数人不能同时做两件事，我就是其中一个。Mostpeoplecan'tdotwothings,andIamoneofthem.4.我昨天替他打扫了教室。Icleanedtheclassroomhimyesterday.5.我将来想当一名发明家。Iwanttobeaninventor.6.如果你把水放进冰箱,它就会变成冰。Ifyouputwaterintoafridge,itwillice.7.那列火车最高时速达200千米/小时。Thattrainhas200km/h.8.当你乘着热气球飞翔在天空中时，你将会像鸟儿一样自由。Whenyouflyintheskybytakingahotairballoon,youwillbeabird.9.这个发明将会帮助人们过上更好的生活。Thisinventionwillhelppeople.10.他经常帮他妈妈做一些家务。Heoftensomehousework.三、用所给单词的适当形式完成句子。1.Forthebirthdayparty,westillneedtobuysome(candle).2.Agreenhand(refer)tosomeonewithoutmuchworkingexperience.3.AustraliaandSingaporearebothEnglish—speaking,(country).4.Thesportsmeetingwasagreat(succeed).Manystudentsbroketherecordsofourschool.5.Peoplealwaysrememberthosefortheir.(invent)6.Thehugetruckhaseight(wheel).7.Shelooksmuch(happy)today.Nowsheislookingatherson(happy).单元话题书面表达:科技节我的发明介绍一年一度的学校科技节就要来了。今年科技节你打算针对现在学生坐姿不正确，玩电脑、看电视时间过长的状况，发明一种特别的椅子。根据以下提示在科技节开幕时给大家介绍你的发明。80词左右。要点提示:1.看起来像普通的(normal)椅子，材料主要是木材和塑料;2.座位与靠背安装有感应器(sensor)，当学生没有坐直的时候，椅子会提醒(remind)他注意。当学生坐在椅子上超过1小时，椅子会发出噪音，迫使学生站起来休息:3.你的评价:……【你的准备】【必备词汇】写出与短文有关的学过的词汇。1.由...制成 【亮点句型】写出与短文有关的学过的句型。1.not...until...直到学生站起来，椅子才会停止发出响声。2.begoodfor…椅子对学生的健康有好处。【构思篇章】要点可灵活组合，不必逐一翻译;介绍事物用一般现在时，功能介绍可以用when/if句型。最后可适当宣传发明的好处。【你的精彩】ManystudentsspendalongtimeplayingputerorwatchingTVwithabadsittingposture.SoIinventedachairtohelpdealwiththisproblem.Grammar形容词的比较级和最高级与as...as初中阶段as...as常见的几点用法一、“as(否定句中可用so)+adj/adv+as...”，用于不同人或物之间的比较，意为“……和……一样”。如:Youareastallasyourfather.你与你的父亲一样高。Ican'trunasfastasusedto.我不如以前跑得快了。【注】在非正式文体中，第二个as后可以用人称代词宾格形式来代替“主格＋动词”，如:Shedoesn'tsingaswellasme.=Shedoesn'tsingaswellasIdo。她唱歌没我唱得好。二、as...as用于倍数表达，倍数置于第一个as之前，即，倍数+as...as+其他。如:Thishouseistwiceasbigasthatone.这幢房子是那幢的两倍大。IttookthreetimesaslongasIexpectedtofinishthework.完成这项工作花的时间是我预计的三倍。三、当as...as中间有名词时，用以下结构:(1)as＋形容词+a+单数名词+as如:Shehasasgoodavoiceasyou.她和你的嗓音一样好。(2)as+many/much+名词+as如:wewanttoinviteasmanypeopleaspossibleinthecelebrations。我们想邀请尽可能多的人参加庆典。Takeasmuchtimeasyoulike.你想花多少时间就花多少时间。四、asmuch/deep/tall/heavy...+as＋数量(表度量衡、时间)。用以强调而非比较，意为“多达…，深达...高达...，重达...”等。如:Someofthesefishcanweighasmuchas80kg.一些鱼重达80公斤。Therewereasmanyas200peopleatthelecture.听讲的有200人之多。五、as...as不表示比较的几个常见句型。1.asquickly/much/soon/...aspossible尽可能…Tellhimaslittleaspossible，尽量少告诉他。2.assoonas引导时间状语从句，意为“一…就…”。We'llcallyouassoonaswearriveatShenzhenAirport.一到深圳机场，我们就打给你。3.aslongas引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”。We'llgoaslongastheweatherisgood.只要天气好我们就去。【注】区别“和…一样久”。Ihaven'tknownhimaslongasyou(haveknownhim).我认识他的时间没有你长。4.aswellas引出并列成分，意为“除…之外;也;还”。Heagreeswithyouaswellasme.不但我同意你，他也同意你。【注】区别“和…一样好”。Shedoesn'tplayaswellashersister.她演奏得不如她姐姐好。基础与综合训练(根据句意，用所给提示词的正确形式填空。)1.Inmyopinion,yoursuggestionsare(bad)thanmine.2.Itis(bad)wayofalltooverethedifficulty.Itdoesn'tworkatall.3.Thehouseonthehillis(old)thanthatoneneartheriver.4.MyEnglishteacherisgreat.Nooneteaches(well)inourschoo1.5.Shehasan(old)brother.Heistwoyears(old)thanher.6.Myhometownis(far)awayfromShenzhenthanyours.7.Theparentshavefourchildren(old)childis26yearsoldthisyear.8.MysisterhasgonetotheUSAfor(far)study.9.The(much)junkfoodyoueat,the(bad)yourhealthwillbe.10.Tokeephealthy,weshouldeat(little)salt.11.Manyboystudentsthinkmathis(little)difficultthanEnglish.12.Icouldn'tfeelany(bad)aftermyinterviewforthework.Ihardlyunderstoodmostofthequestionstheyasked.13.Nomountainintheworldisas(high)asQomolangma.14.Heisveryrich,butthatdayheboughtthe(cheap)biketosavemoneyforpoorchildren.15."FoodSafety"problemisbeingand(bad)thesedays.Thegovernmentmustdosomethingtodealwithit.16.Thiskindofwatchismuch(cheap)todaythanlastmonth.Wouldyouliketohaveone?17.Playingvideogamesisawasteoftime.Thereare(many)meaningfulthingstodo.18.Thetalentshowisas(interesting)asthegameshow.Ilikeboth.19.Ajourneybytrainis(relaxing)thanbycoach.20.Ihavebeentoquiteafewrestaurants，butIcansaythisoneis(good).21.Lucyismuch(careful)thanLily.Youcanaskhertohelpwiththework.22.Shanghaiisoneofcitiesintheworld.It’sthananyothercityinChina.(big)23.AmongthefourseasoffthecoastofChina，EastChinaSeaisthesecond,(deep).24.Asourchildrengetbigger，ourhouseseemstoget(small).25.Boththepinkeveningdressandthewhiteonelookbeautiful，butIthinkthewhiteoneis(suitable).26.Theserviceisverywonderfulandtheweatherisquitefine.Wehaveneverhada(good)holidaybefore.27.Mollyis(outgoing)girlofthethree..28.ThemovieZootopiais(exciting)oneI'veeverseen.29.The(much)youspeak,(good)yourEnglishwillbe.30.Heisalittle(thin)thanyou,butheisas(strong)asyou.31.Thisschoolbagisnotexpensive.Andthepriceofitisthe(low)ofthethree.32.YoushouldpracticemoretoimproveyourEnglish,thenyou'llbe(good)atit.33.Toliveagreenlife,weshouldtrytosave(much)energyandproduce(little)pollution.34.Asthe(fast)girlinourclass，Marywaschosentotakepartintherunningrace.Unit4单元综合能力提升训练一、完形填空。Theputerisfast,andnevermakesamistake,whilepeoplearetooslow,andfullofmistakessometimes.Thatwhatpeopleoftensaywhen1talkaboutputers.Foroveraquarterofacentury,scientistshavebeenmakingbetterandbetterputers.Nowaputercandoalotof2jobswonderfully.Itis3usedinfactories,hospitals,postofficesandairports.Aputercanreport,decideandcontrolinalmost4field.Manyputerscientistsarethinkingof5theputer“think”likeaman.Withthehelpofaperson,aputercandrawpictures,writemusic,talkwithpeople,playchess,recognizevoices,translatelanguagesandsoon.Perhapsputerswill6reallythinkandfeel.Doyouthinkthepeoplewillbeafraid7theyfindthattheputeristooclevertolistentoandservethepeople?No,peoplewillmakebetteruseoftheputersin8future.Manis9themasteroftheputer.Theputerworksonly10thehelpofman.Itcannottaketheplaceofman.()1.A.we B.they C.you D.people()2.A.everyday B.everyday C.eachday D.someday()3.A.widely B.wide C.great D.deeply()4.A.either B.all C.both D.every()5.A.producing B.ordering C.making D.building()6.A.oneday B.aday C.anyday D.theotherday()7.A.that B.when C.how D.while()8.A.a B.an C.the D./()9.A.often B.never C.sometimes D.always()10.A.with B.under C.by D.for二、阅读理解。Theleadersof13countrieshadabigmeetinginStPetersburg,Russia.Themeetingwasabouttigers.Theytalkedaboutthewaystoprotecttheanimalsintheircountries.Theyagreedtospendmoremoneyprotectingtigersandtheywantedtodoublethenumberoftigersintheworldbefore2022.Tigerisoneoftheworld'smostendangeredanimals.TheWorldwildlifeFund(WWF)says,thereareonlyabout100,000wildtigersnow.Andthenumberisbeingsmallerandsmaller."Ifnothinghappens;tigerswillfacedisasters,"saidWWFspokeswomanMarievonZeipel.Ninetypesoftigerslived100yearsago,butnowatleastthreeofthemhavediedout."Ifpeopleleavetigersaloneanddon'tkillthem,thenthenumberoftigerswilldoublein10years,"saidJean—ChristophVie,aFrenchtigerexpert.Chinaisoneofthe13countrieswheretigerslive.Thereareabout50wildtigersinChinanow.TheyaretheBengaltigersinTibet,IndochinesetigersinChina'ssouthwest,andSiberiantigersinthenortheast.TheSouthChinatigerslivedinsoutheastChinamanyyearsagobutdisappearedinthe1970s.Manyexpertsthinktheyhavealreadydiedout.()1.What'sthemeetinginStPetersburgmainlyabout?A.Howtohelptigersfindabetterplacetolive.B.Howtoprotecttigersintheircountries.C.Howtostoppeoplefromhuntingthewildanimals.D.Howtocountthenumberoftigersintheworld.()2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtotheWWF?A.Manytigershavediedonlybecausepeoplehuntthem.B.About3,200tigershavediedinthepast100years.C.Therearemoreandmoretigerstheseyears.D.Thereareabout100,000wildtigersintheworldnow.()3.InJean—ChristophVie'sopinion,thebestwaytodoublethenumberoftigersin10yearsis.A.todonothingB.tokeepalloftheminthezooC.tostoppeoplefromkillingthemD.tobuildmorenaturereservesfortigers()4.HowmanytypesoftigerswerethereinChina50yearsago?()5.TheChinesemeaningof'dieout'inthe3rdparagraphis.A.losttheirlives B.disappearedC.becameweaker D.diefromBThesonofasoapmaker,BenjaminFranklincameintotheworldonJanuary17,1706.TherewasonlyenoughmoneyforBentoattendschoolfortwoyears.Attheageof17,hemadehiswaytoPhiladelphia.In1741,thefamousFranklinstovewasinventedbyhim.BeforeBen'sinventionoftheFranklinstove,peopleheatedtheirhomeswithafireinanopenfireplace.Usingafireplaceforheatingwasnotgoodbecausemostofthewarmaircameuptothechimney(烟囱)andwasdangerousbecausethefireinthefireplacecouldsetthehouseonfire.Benbuiltabox—shapedstoveforhavingthefireitself.Afterthemetalwarmedup,theheatwasoutintotheroom.TheFranklinstoveusedlesswoodandwasasaferwaytoheatbuildings.What'smore,Benwasalreadyinterestedinelectricity.Aftermanyyearsofhardwork,hefinallyhadaplantoprove(证明)thatlightningwaselectricityandhewassuccessfulatlastwithhisson'shelp.Althoughhehadmanyinventionsinlife,heneverkeptthemhimself.Hewantedtosharethemwithpeopleallovertheworld.()6.Fromthefirstparagraphwecanknowthat.A.Ben'sparentswereasoupmaker.B.Benwasborninapoorfamily.C.BenwenttoEnglandin1723.D.Benwashardlyinterestedininventing.()7.HowdidtheinventionoftheFranklinstovehelpus?A.Ithelpedusbuymorewarmhouses.B.Ithelpedusreadmorebooks.C.Ithelpedussavemoneyandbesafer.D.Ithelpedussavesometimetoheat.()8.Whatdoesthelastparagraphtellus?A.Benandhisstove. B.Benandhisfamily.C.Ben'shardlife. D.Ben'sotherinventions.()9.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Benwastheonlysoninhisfamily.B.Benwenttoschoolforonlyayear.C.BenleftforPhiladelphiaathisearlyage.D.Bendidthelightningexperimentalone.()10.Whydidthewriterwritethepassage?A.Totellusafamousinventor.B.Totellustolearnmoreatschool.C.Toencourageustowrite.D.Toencourageustoinventsomething.三、补全语篇，从六个句子中选择5个还原到原文中，让文章意思完整连贯。Housefirescausemanydeathseachyearandalargenumberofthesefiresareunluckilysetbychildren.1Kidsmustunderstandthatthey'dbetternotplaywithfire.Youshouldkeepmatchesandlightersoutoftheirreach.2Themainjobofsuchanalarm