大学英语语法 课件 名词性从句

NounClauses

NounClausesHowshouldweusemoderntechnology?

Theproblemis

Theproblemishowweshouldusemoderntechnology.

WhenwillmanbeabletoliveonMars***,isunknowntousall

WhenmanwillbeabletoliveonMarsisunknown

tousall.

Wherewillalltheseadvancedtechnologyleaduslcan'timagine***.

Ican'timaginewherealltheseadvancedtechnology

willleadus.名词性从句是一种具有名词功能的非

独立分句,可以表示：事实和问题。

1.连接词有:thatwhether和If

2.连接代词有:whowhomwhosewhich

what等

3.连接副词有:whenwherewhyhow等另夕卜whateverwhoever

whichever等也可

以引导主语和宾语两种从句。

名词性从句中的that没有词义,也不作任何

成分。除引导宾从外，主从和表从中不省主语从句

宾语从句

表语从句

同位语从句

从句一律保持陈述语序请判断出下列的句子属于哪种从句

主从

WhatIwanttodoistakingabath.

Thenewsthattheywonthegamespreadthe

wholeschool.

同位语从句

宾从

Idon,tthinkheisanhonestboy.

Thefactisthathestolethecar.

表从

Doyouknowthefactthathestolethecar?

同位语从句

Doyouknowthemanwhoisstandingover

there?定从

主从

Itissaidthattheywonthegame.

精品课件，精彩无限！5?引导名词性从句的连接词：

that（无意义，不可省，不充当任何

成分）whether,if（均表示"是否"表明从句

内容的不确定性）asif,asthough（均表示"好像"，

似乎”）以上在从句中均不充当任何成分

精品课件，精彩无限！6?连接代词：what,whatever,who,

whoever,whom,whomever,

whose,which,whichever连接副词:when,where,how,

why,whenever,wherever,

however

连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自

己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在

从句中充当从句的成分

精品课件，精彩无限！7不可省略的连词：1.介词后

的连词2.引导主语从句和同位语从句的连

词不可省略。Thatshewaschosenmadeus

veryhappy?Weheardthenewsthatour

teamhadwon精品课件，精彩无限！81.主语从句：从句在

句中充当主语成分

1Thattheearthisroundistrue2Whetherhewillcomeisdoubtful3

Whathesaidsurprisedmemost4Wherehehidthemoneyistobefound

out5Whoevercomesiswelcome.

6It'scertainthathewillsucceed.

7Howwecanhelpthetwinswillbediscussedatthe

meetingsWhenthey'11starttheprojecthasnotbeendecided

yet.It的用法:（形式主语）It'possible/important/necessary/clear***

that...很可能/重要的是…/必要的是…/很清楚…It'said/reported---

that…据说/据报道・・・It'sbeenannounced/declaredthat…已经通知/宣布…

Itseems/appears/happensthat…显然、明显、碰巧snowonderthat…

并不奇怪/无疑…It，sapity/afact/acommonknowledge众所周知）/a

commonsaying….（俗话说）“if”不能引导主语从句，应有"whether”引

导

主语从句的“that”一般不能省。

“what”引导主语从句时，谓语动词：

1）常与其后作表语的名词一致2）根据句子的语境

而定

1.Whatyouleftareonlyseveraloldbooks.

2.Whatyousaidisofgreatimportance.

3.Whathesaysanddoesdoesn'tconcernme.

4.Whathesaysanddoesdon'tagree.1.__hemadeanimportantspeech

atthe

meetingwastrueA.ThatB.WhyC.WhatDHow

2.___we'11gocampingtomorrowdependson

theweatherA.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where

3.isknowntousallisthatAmericaisa

developedcountrytheFirstWorld.

A.Which;belongtoB.As,belongedtoC.What;belongingtoD.It;

belongingto4.It'sknowntousall___aformofenergyA.waterisB.

thatwaterisC.iswaterD.thatwaterto

5.Itworriedherabit___herhairwasturninggrayA.whetherBThat

C.whatD.when

6.WhatIsayandthink__noneofyourbusinessA.isBareC.has

Dhave注意

主语从句中的“主谓一致”：

1.主语从句通常被看作一个整体,主句的谓语动词用单数

形式.

is

Thattheywillcomecertain.

2.What引导主语从句时，主句谓语动词的单复数由

表语的单复数决定.

are

Whathewantsthesebooks.

Whathewants___is___somewater.

精品课件，精彩无限！142.宾语从句:从句在句中充当宾语成分

（可以作谓语

动词、介词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语）that,whether,if（that常

可省略）

连词：who,what,which,whoever,whateverwhen,where,why,how

1.CanyoumakesurewhereAlicehasputthegoldring.

2.Italldependsonwhethertheywillsupportus3.Shewillgive

whoeverneedshelpawarmsupport.

4.Hemadeitcleartothepublicthathedidanimportantandnecessary

job5Ifinditnecessarythatweshoulddothe

homework.1.当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语

从句的谓语动词可以用所需要的任何一种时态。

2.当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，宾语从句的谓

语动词要用相应的过去时态，但当宾语从句叙述的内

容为客观真理时,仍然用一般现在时。

travelsTheteachertoldhisclassthatlight

fasterthansoundwillbe

1.Theradiosaysitcloudy

tomorrow,be

goes

2.Theheadmasterhopeseverything_____well,go

wereplaying

3.Tomsaysthattheyplay

basketballatsixo'clockyesterdayeveninghavereturned

4.Iheartheyreturnit

alreadyhadbeen

5.Hesaidthattheymembersof

thePartysince1948.be宾语从句中的“时态呼应"与“否定转移”

时态呼应

hadfinished

Hetoldmethathehisjob

已经完成了工作

否定转移若主句谓语动词为think,consider,suppose,believe,

expect,fancy,guess,imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含

有否定意义,一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上,从句

谓语用肯定式。例如：

我认为他不会来这里.

Ithinkhewon'tcomehere

Idon'tthinkhewillcomehere

精品课件，精彩无限！186.Ididn'tknowwhattimehe

wrote

theletter,write

7.Couldyoutellmewhohastaken

awaythebookalready?take

8.LingFengtoldmehehadbeen

totheGreatWallseveraltimes,be宾语从句中用it作形式宾语

注意:如果主句中有形容词或名词作宾语补足

语时,一般用it来作形式宾语，把从句放在宾

补后面。

Wethinkitourdutythatweshouldhelp

others.

我发现他两天之内完成工作是不可能的.

Ifinditimpossiblethathecanfinishtheworkin

twodays.

精品课件，精彩无限！2OExercises:“it”作形式主语或

形式宾语：

Al.Ihatewhenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.A.itB.thatC.

theseD.them

B2.IfeelstrangethatheshouldbesocarelessA./B.itC.

thatD.how

B3.ItworriedherabitherhairwasturninggreyA.whileB.

thatC.ifD.for4Willyouseetothattheluggageisbroughtback?

CA.weB.yourselfC.itD.them

精品课件，精彩无限！213.表语从句:从句在句中充当表语成分，

一般放在连

系动词之后.作用:对主语进行解释说明。

连接词：that/whether/asif/asthough(if不引导表语从句

连接代词：who/whoever/which/whatever

连接副词：when/where/why/how/because

ChinaisnolongerwhatsheusedtobeThat?sbecausewewereinneed

ofmoney

atthattimeHelookedasifhewasgoingtocryTomorrowiswhenit

wouldbemost

convenient.在复合句中作主句的表语.引导表语从句的

关

在复合句中作主句的表语.引导表语从句的关

联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样

联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样

1.问题是我们和他已失去联系.

Theproblemisthatwehavelost

touchwithhim.

2.这就是亨利怎么解决这个问题的.

Thisis.

howHenrysolvedtheproblem.

3.天看起来要下雨了.

asifitisgoingtorain.

Itlooks.

精品课件，精彩无限！231.在表语从句中，表“是否”时，只能

用"whether”不

能用“1铲

2.一般情况下，“that”不能省

3.Itis/wasbecause•••Itis/waswhy-3.Thereasonwhy・・・/for・・・is

/wasthat….

4Thereasonisbecause/why,

that・・•・1.That's_thePartycalledonustodoA.whyB.whatC.

howD.that

2.Thereasonis___heisunabletooperatethe

machineA.becauseB.whyC.thatDWhether

3.Thatis__theyseparatedA.thatBwhatCwhichDwhere

4.Janeisnolonger__shewasfouryearsagoA.whatBwhichC.that

Dwhen4同位语从句:从句在句中充当同位语成分,一般跟在

一些抽象名词(idea;belief;fact;truth;

rumour;news等)后面,对名词作进一步解释说明.

同位语从句常用that/whether引导或连接副词when/

where/why/how

ITheideathatcomputerscanrecognizehuman

voicessurprisesmanypeople2WordcamethatNapoleon

himselfwascomingtoinspectthem3Sydneykepthis

promisethathewould

alwaysdoanythinghecouldforLucietomake

sureofherhappiness,whenhewillgetmarried.

howtheycangetthetreasure.

wheretheconcertwillbeheld.

whoisfitforthework.

whyithappened.

Ihavenoidea

whichpenismine.

whatweshoulddonext.

whomtheyaretalkingabout.

whetherit'11raintomorrow.

thatourfootballteamwonthegameWeexpressedthehopethatthey

wouldcometo

Chinaagain.

Weexpressedthehopethattheyhadexpressed

同位语从句和定语从句的区别：

1.同位语从句？?that只起连接作用，不作任何成分定

语从句？？that是关系代词，起连接作用和充当宾语和主语

2.同位语从句？？同位语从句和前面的名词是同位关

系，对名词进行补充说明定语从句?？定从和前面的名词是所属

关系，对名词进行修饰，加以限定

3.同位语从句??that不能省定语从句??that在从句中作宾语时,可以省

1.Theideathatcomputerswillrecognize

humanvoicessurprisesmanypeople.

1Whatistheidea?

Theideaisthatcomputerswill

recognizehumanvoices.

2Whatsurprisesmanypeople?

iTheideasurprisesmanypeople.

iiThatcomputerswillrecognizehumanvoicessurprisesmanypeople.2.

Thepossibilitythatthemajorityofthelabor

forcewillworkathomeisoftendiscussedlWhatisthepossibilityThe

possibilityisthatthemajority

ofthelaborforcewillworkathome.

2Whatisoftendiscussed?

iThepossibilityisoftendiscussed.

iiThatthemajorityofthelaborforcewillworkathomeisoften

discussed.3.We'11discusstheproblemthatthemajority

ofthestudentsareoftenlateforschool.

1Whatistheproblem?

Theproblemisthatthemajorityofthe

studentsareoftenlateforschool.

2Whatwillwediscuss?

We'11discusstheproblem.

We'11discussthatthemajorityofthe

studentsareoftenlateforschool,that与whether/if的选择：

1knowledgecomesfrompracticeisknowntoallA.WhatB.Where

C.IfD.That

2Itmakesnodifferenceoursportsmeetwillbeheldthisweek

ornextweekA.thatB.eitherC.whetherD.when

whether/if

whether/if

3Idoubthewillcomesoon.

4Idonotdoubthewillcomesoon.

that

that

that

that

5Doyoudoubthewillcomesoon?

归纳

whether/if

that

表示是否时用,表示肯定时用

精品课件，精彩无限！32what&whatever

引导名词性从句的区别who&whoeverwhich&whichever

1.iWhateversworthdoingisworthdoingwell.

2.weneedismoretime.

What

3.madethelongdistancecalltohimis

Whonotimportant.

4.breaksthelawwillbepunishedWhoever

Whoever,whatever等引导的名词性从句不

含有疑问意义，相当于名词后加一个定语从句，

而___W_h_o,w___h_at等引导的名词性从句都

含有疑问意义。

精品课件，精彩无限！33that,what引导名词性从句的区别

What

1.Ican'tunderstandiswhyhehaschangedhismind.

2.theearthisroundisknowntousall.

That

Thatwhat

3.hewontheracewasweexpected.

归纳只起连接作用，在从句中不充当任何成分，没有词义

that:

what:

起连接作用，且在从句中充当主语,宾语或表语，

表示“所……的”。

精品课件，精彩无限！34Exercises

B

1.madetheschoolproudwasmorethan

90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokey

universitiesAWhat/becauseBWhat/thatCThat/whatDThat

/because

2.___shecouldnotunderstandwas___fewerandfewer

A

studentsshowedinterestinherlessonsAWhat/whyBThat/what

CWhat/becauseDWhy/that

3.Heisabsentfromschoolltisheis

B

seriouslyillA.whyB.becauseC.thatD.thereason4.___hD

ashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworth

praisingAWhoBTheoneCAnyoneDWhoever

A

5Informationhasbeenputforward_