新视野大学英语4读写教程bankedcloze的答案及文章

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--内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--新视野大学英语4(第三版)读写教程bankedcloze的答案及文章(总4页)PAGEUnit1Haveyoueverheardpeoplesaythattheytendtobemoreofaright-brainorleft-brainthinkerFrombookstotelevisionprograms,youhaveprobablyheardtheterm1)(mentioned)numeroustimes,orperhapsyouhaveeventakenanonlinetestto2)(determine)whichtypebestdescribesyou.DodifferentpartsofthebrainreallycontroldifferentbodilyandmentalfunctionsOvertheyears,atheorythathas3)(gained)inpopularityisthattherightbrainandtheleftbrainare4)(responsible)fordifferentmodesofthoughtandthatthewayinwhichapersonthinkswilldependonwhichsideofhisbrainworksmoreactively.Peoplewhorelymore5)(heavily)ontherighthalfoftheirbraintendtobemoreimaginativeandspontaneous.Theyareinterestedinpatterns,shapesandsizes,fortherightbrainisassociatedwith6)(artistic)abilitylikesinging,painting,writingpoetry,etc.Left-braindominatedpeoplearequite7)(opposite)inthewaytheythink.Theytendtobemorelogicaland8)(analytical)intheirthinkingandusuallystandoutinmathematicsandwordskills.Whilethedifferentfunctionsofthetwobrainpartsmayhavebeen9)(distorted)andexaggeratedbypopularpsychology,understandingyourstrengthsandweaknessesincertainareascanhelpyoudevelopbetterwaystolearnandstudy.Forexample,ifyouareusually10)(stumped)intryingtofollowverbalinstructions,anactivityoftencitedasaright-braincharacteristic,youcanbenefitfromwritingdowndirectionsanddevelopingbetterorganizationalskills.Unit2Iwasonceinarelationshipwithawomanwhowasthemostbrilliant,creativeanddrivenpersonI'deverknown.Itoldherthesethingsoftenbecauseshedidn'tseeherselfthisway,despite1)(achieving)greatsuccessandacclaim(称赞)inherprofessionalfield.Shewasalso2)(gorgeous)andsexy,thoughsheseemednottorealizethiseither,soItoldherthesethingstoo.ButwhileIthoughtitwasmoreimportanttopraiseherbrilliance,itseemedtomeanmoretoherthatshewas3)(considered)attractive.Myexperiencewiththisgirlfriendexemplifiesacommonphenomenoninlife–whenitcomestocomplimentingawoman,menoftenwalkaverydifficultline.Ofcourse,4)(context)matters.Inaprofessionalsetting,talkingaboutappearanceisofteninappropriate,butatasinglesclub,itmaybeimportant.Shewillbeverypleasedifamanthinksherclothesand5)(accessories)arepretty,orherhairlookswonderful.However,thingsinbetweenthesetwocasesareunclear.Womenhaveeveryrighttoberecognizedand6)(appreciated)fortheirintelligenceandcreativity.Butatthesametime,theywanttobeadmiredfortheirlooksaswell,forexample,theirperfectskin7)(complexion)andelegantoutfits.Unfortunately,mostguysdon'tunderstandthis.Ifwereceivecomplimentsfromwomen,they'reusuallyaboutourachievements,notourlooks.Mostofusdon'texpectawomantotellushow8)(handsome)orsexyweare,andsomeofuswouldfindithardtoregardsucha(n)9)(comment)assincere.I'mnotsayingit'sveryhardtobeaguythesedays.Itisimportantforeverymantounderstandhowtotreatwomenwithbothrespectand10)(admiration).Butasfarastherightbalanceofthesetwoisconcerned,wereallyhavenoframeofreference,especiallywhenitcomestolooks.Unit3Insomeurbancenters,workaholism(工作狂)issocommonthatpeopledonotconsideritunusual:Theyacceptthelifestyleasnormal.GovernmentworkersinWashington.,forexample,1)(frequently)work60to70hoursaweek.Theydon'tdothisbecausetheyhaveto;theydoitbecausetheywantto.Workaholismcanbeaseriousproblem.Trueworkaholics,beingdeeply2)(immersed)intheirwork,allowthemselveslittleornotimetotakebreaks.Theyliketoworkwithoutbeing3)(disrupted),andtheyprobablydon'tknowhowtorelax.Butisworkaholismalwaysbad

Perhapsnot.Therearepeoplewhoworkwellunder4)(stress).Besides,somestudiesshowthatmanyworkaholicshavegreatenergyandinterestintheirown5)(sphere).Theirworkissopleasurablethattheyareactuallyveryhappy.Formostworkaholics,workandentertainmentarethesamething.Theirwork6)(challenges)them,keepingthembusyandgenuinelyengaged.WhydoworkaholicsenjoydoingtheirjobssomuchOfcoursetheygetpaychecksfromit,butitishardto7)(quantify)thepleasurewithmoney.Itoffersmorethan8)(financial)security.Psychologistsclaimthatworkgivespeopleanidentityandprovidesthemwithself-confidence.Peoplehaveafeelingofsatisfactionwhenthey9)(administrate)abusinesswellorcompleteachallengingpieceofwork.Inaddition,mostjobsprovideasociallyacceptablewayforpeopletomeetothers.So,thoughsomepeoplearecompulsive(强迫性的)abouttheirwork,their10)(addiction)seemstobeasafeorevenanadvantageousone.Theyfeelemptyandincompletewhentheyareinvolvedinactivitiesnotrelatedtowork.Unit4Farminginvariablyinterfereswiththehabitatsofplantsandanimals.However,thisdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatagricultureandbiodiversityare1)(incompatible).Infact,quitetheoppositeistrue.Thesustainablecultivationofplantsforfoodandfeedactuallyenablesusto2)(preserve)biodiversity.By2007,thereweremorethantwiceasmanypeoplelivingontheplanetastherewerein1961.Overthesameperiod,thetotalamountof3)(available)arable(可耕的)landgrewbyjust10percent.Incomparisonwithpopulationgrowth,theexpansionofarablelandwassmall.Andtherearelimitstofurtherexpansion.Alarge4)(proportion)oftheearth'ssurface–likedeserts–isnotsuitableforcultivation,andotherareasare5)(utilized)byhumansforroadsandbuildings.Somelandthatisrichinbiodiversityneedstobepreservedandthusshouldnotbe6)(converted)intoarableland.Thetropicalrainforests,forexample,havethehighestspeciesdensityintheworld,andchangingthislandforcropcultivationwouldbe7)(dreadful)tothesespecies'habitatsand,indeed,existence.By2050,globaldemandforfoodwillhaverisenby70percent.Buttheexpansionoflandavailableforcultivationhasitslimits.Thisisoneofthegreatestchallengesfacingagriculturetoday:Howdowe8)(balance)theincreaseddemandforfoodwiththeneedtomaintainbiologicaldiversity,nowandinthefuture?

Efficientand9)(sane)useoflandwillbekeytopreservingnaturalanimalandplanthabitats.Toachievethisaimwilldependtoa(n)10)(considerable)extentontheuseofmodernagriculturalmethods.Ifthesemethodsaresuccessfullyapplied,webelievethatagricultureandbiodiversitycancoexistinharmony.Unit5Stereotypeshavesometruthmixedinwithafewgeneralizations.Sometimesthesegeneralizationscanbemisleadingastheyareoftenbasedonobservationofthe1)(exterior)behaviorofpeopleinacertainculture.Spaghetti,pasta,mafia(黑手党),gestures,fashion–thesearesomewordscommonlyusedtodescribeItalians.Howmuchtruthisthereinthestereotype

AsanItalianmyself,Iwillgiveyousome2)(insights)intotheItaliansoulandclarifysomemisunderstandingsthatforeignershaveaboutus.Spaghettiandpastaaresacred.Youcan'ttakepastaawayfromanItalianmeal;otherwiseitwon'tbe3)(complete).AtypicalItalianmealgenerallyincludespastaasastarter,fishormeatwithsaladasthemain4)(course),followedbyfruitordessert,andthencoffee.ButthereareconsiderableregionaldifferencesinItaly,andhence5)(inconsistencies)existbetweenthestereotypeandreality.Forinstance,youmightfindrisotto(加有肉、鱼或蔬菜的调味饭)replacingpastainsomeplaces!TheMafiaisreal:Wearenotproudofit,butitdoesexist,especiallyintheSouthandontheislandofSicily.Obviously,noteveryItalianisamemberoftheMafia,andmostwillbe6)(offended)ifyouusetheterm,evenifyouarejustjoking.Yes,thewaywespeakisunique.Italiansuse7)(gestures)alotincommunication.Wesimplycannottalkwithoutourhands.Ifthehandsarebusydoingsomethingelse,westartmovingshouldersorotherpartsofthebody.Wearealsofashionvictims.YoucanrecognizeItaliansbythewaytheydressfromheadtotoe.Wewearstylishclothesand8)(ornaments)foreverypossibleoccasion.Youwon'teverseeanItalianwearingrunningshortscombinedwithlongsocks:It'ssimplyagainstour9)(sense)ofstyle!Italyismadeupofmanyregionsandprovinceswhicharesimilarinsomewaysand10)(distinctive)inothers.Thestereotypecontainssometruth,butbeingItaliantakesalotmorethanthat.Unit6Toinvestinwomen'seducationandhealthisimportantfortheoverallwelfareofthehumansociety.The1)(reason)forsayingsoisobvious,thatis,womenareplayingimportantrolesinmodernsociety.Thepoliticianswho2)(levy)taxesshouldknowthatwomencontributeto40percentoftheworld'sproductioninagriculture,aquarterinindustry,andathirdinservices.Womenfarmersinthedevelopingcountriesgrowatleast50percentoftheworld'sfood.Inadditionto3)(generating)income,womencontinuetotakeresponsibilitiesforhouseholdactivitiessuchaschildcare,cleaningandpreparingfood,whicharesometimesnotas4)(lightweight)andeasyasgenerallythought.Yetwomen'sproductivityremainslow.Improvingwomen'sproductivitycangreatlybenefiteconomicgrowthandpoverty5)(reduction),whicharekeydevelopmentgoalsaroundtheworld.Hence,to6)(enhance)women'sstatusisavitalpartoftheWorldBank'sstrategyforbroadlybasedeconomicandhumanresourcedevelopment.Toimprovewomen'swelfarecallsfortheeffortsofbothwomenandmen.Iflong-termchangeintheconditionsofwomenistobe7)(achieved),theactionsandattitudesofmenmustchange,ratherthansimplyto8)(emancipate)womenfromoldconventions.Problemsaffectingwomenareoftencloselyrelatedtothesocial9)(relationships)betweenmenandwomen.Forexample,itisimpossibletodealwithwomen'shealthproblemseffectivelythrough10)(approaches)thatinvolveonlywomen.Manywomen'shealthproblemsareembeddedinunequalgenderrelationinworkloads,responsibilitiesforfamilywelfare,aswellasaccesstoresourcesanddecision-making.Unit7Withenvironmentaldamagefromcoal-andgas-derivedpoweralreadyatcrisislevels,evenalternativesthatarecurrentlylimitedlyavailablearelookinggreat.Windpower,anenergysourcethatcostsfarlessthannuclearandcoalpowerandcontributesnotoxic1)(particulates)totheenvironment,seemstomanyofushighly2)(viable)andideal.Buttherearepeoplewho3)(disagree)andarefightingtheinstallationofnewwindturbines.They4)(cite)birddeathsasanunacceptableside-effectofwind-generatedpower.Throughvariousformsofprotests,theyhopetosavehugenumbersofbirdsfromdeathatthe5)(rotary)bladesofmassivewindturbines.Noonereallyknowshowmanybirdsdieeachyearasaresultofthegrowingwindpowerindustry.Moststudiesfocusononlyoneortwowindfarms.Yet,publishedstudiessuggestthatwindfarms6)(vary)considerablyintherisktheyposetobirds.Somewindturbinesdon'tappeartokillanybirds,whileothersarebelievedtokillasmanyas40birdsperturbineperyear.Thoughthesereportstellus7)(little)aboutthetotalnumberofbirdskilled,theydotellusthatstepscanbetakenwhenconstructingwindpowerturbinesto8)(minimize)theirimpactonbirds.Forexample,windfarmsshouldnotbebuiltonbirdmigrationroutes.Windturbinesshouldbeerectedinwaystoavoid9)(locating)bladesataheightwherebirdstendtofly.Windtowersshouldbe10)(designed)carefullytopreventbirdsfromsittingorrestingonthem.Somereportsevenarguethatwell-plannedwindpowercanactuallysavemanybirdsifitisusedincreasinglytoreplacepowergenerationfromfossilfuels.Unit8KarenwasayoungmotherworkingasaclerkatacourtinNorthCarolina.Thoughshehadbeentrainedincriminaljustice,shequicklyfoundprisonsandcourtstobe1)(depressing)placestowork.Whenherdaughterwasborn,shehadtostayathomeandbeafull-timemother.Atthatpoint,shedecidedto2)(figure)outwhatshereallywantedtodowithherlife.Sheknew