新视野大学英语4第四版Unit1sectionA教案

Unit1SectionALoveandlogic:ThestoryofafallacyObjectives：TotalkaboutloveandlogicTofurtherunderstandthetextToapplythephrasesandpatternsTomasterthenarrativeessaywritingskillContentsWarming-upActivitiesTextStudyLanguageApplicationSummaryWarming-upActivitiesLead-inWhatdoyouknowaboutlogic?Whenitcomestomakingachoice,manypeopletendtouserationalandlogicalreasoning;Malesaremorerationalthanfemales;2.Doyouthinkitispossibletodealwithlifeinacompletelyrationalandlogicalway?Rationalworldisnotnecessarilyawonderfulone;Rationalindividualscanmakechoicesthatarebadnewsforothers;Itisridiculoustodealwithloveinalogicalway.Pre-readingActivities1.Thefollowingaresomestatementstotestyourreasoningability.Tellwhethertheconclusionsaftertheword“Therefore”aretrue(T),false(F),oruncertain(U).Writeyouransweronthelinebeforeeachstatement.numberstatementsTrueorfalse1Alloddnumbersareintegers(整数).Allevennumbers areintegers.Therefore,alloddnumbersareeven numbers.2Therearenodancersthataren’tslimandnosingers thataren’tdancers.Therefore,allsingersareslim.3Atoothpick(牙签)isuseful.Usefulthingsarevaluable.Therefore,atoothpickisvaluable.Threepencilscostthesameastwoerasers.Foureraserscostthesameasoneruler.Therefore,pencilsaremoreexpensivethanrulers.5ClassAhasahigherenrollmentthanClassB.ClassChasalowerenrollmentthanClassB.Therefore,ClassAhasalowerenrollmentthanClassC.6Afruitbasketcontainsmoreapplesthanlemons.Therearemorelemonsinthebasketthanoranges.Therefore,thebasketcontainsmoreapplesthanoranges.7Takingthetrainacrosstownisquickerthantakingthebus.Takingthebusacrosstownisslowerthandrivingacar.Therefore,takingthetrainacrosstownisquickerthandrivingacar.8AllthetulipsinZoe’sgardenarewhite.AlltherosesinZoe’sgardenareyellow.Therefore,alltheflowersinZoe’sgardenareeitherwhiteoryellow. 2.Listentoashortpassageonlogic,andfillinthemissinginformation.CulturalBackground-LogicandFallacy1.Whatisafallacy?Andhowisitused?Anerrorinreasoningthatrendersanargumentlogicallyinvalid;Byaccidentordesign,logicalfallaciesareoftenusedindebateorpropaganda;Tomisleadpeople;Todistractpeoplefromtherealissueforthepurposeofwinninganargument.2.Howmanytypesoffallacydoyouknow?RedHerring(转移话题)/BeggingtheQuestion(循环论证)/SlipperySlope(滑坡谬误)/Bandwagon(从众谬误)/FalseDilemma(伪两难谬误)/FalseCause(posthoc)(假因谬误)/AdHominem(人身攻击)/AppealtoAuthority(诉诸权威)/DictoSimpliciter(绝对判断)/HastyGeneralization(草率结论)/AdMisericordiam(文不对题)/FalseAnalogy(错误类比)TextStudy3.SummaryofthetextLoveandlogic:ThestoryofafallacyLoveandlogic:ThestoryofafallacyMyroommateRobmadeapactwithmethathe’dgivemehisgirlfriendPollyinexchangeformyjacket.AndIagreed.Pollyhadtherightbackgroundtobethegirlfriendofadogged,brilliantlawyerlikemyself.Shewaspretty,well-off,andradiant.Still,Iwanttodispenseherenoughpearlsofwisdomtomakeher“well-spoken”.SoItriedmybesttoteachhersuchlogicalfallaciesasDictoSimpliciter,HastyGeneralization,AdMisericordiam,andFalseAnalogy.Afterfivenightsofdiligentwork,IactuallymadealogicianoutofPolly.Shewasananalyticalthinkeratlast.WhenIaskedhertodevelopourrelationshipintoaromanticone,however,sherefutedmyargumentsasthoselogicalfallaciesIhadtaughther!Andsherefusedmypropositionbymakingfulldisclosure:ShelikedRobinleather,therefore,shehadtoldhimtomakethepactwithmesothatRobcouldhavemyjacket. 4.PracticalphrasesPractical

PhrasesSpecific

MeaningsExamples1.

In

exchange

for…

作为对……的交换Inexchangeforapeacefulenvironmentforthefuturegenerations,ourrevolutionarypredecessorsshedtheirbloodandevensacrificedtheirpreciouslives.2.

Set

a

date

for

为……定日期Inordertoachievesuccess,onehadbetterstartimmediatelyratherthansetdatesforhis/herefforts.3.

Appeal

to

唤起；吸引Thisuniversityboastsmanyworld-famousexperts,professors,andtheworld’sbestresearchlibrary,therefore,itappealstostudentsandresearchersfromallovertheworld.4.

make/draw

an

analogy

between

在……之间作类比Weoftenmakeananalogybetweenstudyingandclimbingamountain:bothofthemrequiregreateffortsbeforeyoucanreachthetop.5.

Make

sth.

out

of

sb./sth.

使……变成……Theaimofthemilitaryacademyistomakequalifiedofficersoutoftheyoungcadetsafterfouryears’studyandtraining.6.

Give

sb.

the

axe

抛弃（恋人）；解雇Ifyoucontinueplayingyourpreciouscollegeyearsaway,successwillgiveyoutheaxeupongraduation.7.

Be

dripping

with

…

满是……Thoughthebeautifulladyisdrippingwithjewels,herwordsandactionsaredrippingwithvulgarityandrudeness.5.Functionalpatterns

Functional

Patterns

Functions

&

UsagesExamples1.

If

sb.

could

do

…,

sb.

just

might

do

…用于表达“假设”如果我能够让我所申请的顶尖律师事务所看到我身边伴随着一位光彩照人、谈吐优雅的另一半，我就很有可能在竞聘中以微弱优势获胜。IfIcouldshowtheelitelawfirmsIappliedtothatIhadaradiant,well-spokencounterpartbymyside,Ijustmightedgepastthecompetition.2.

Sb.

never/seldom

do

....

Instead

sb.

do

…用于表达“强调”

如果你能好好利用现有的一切而不是幻想你所没有的，你很可能已经取得巨大的成功了。Ifyoucouldmakethebestofwhatyouhaveinsteadofdreamingofwhatyoudon