2024届山东省菏泽市高三下学期二模英语试题+答案

保密★启用前2024年高三二模考试英语试题2024.5注意事项：1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分120分，考试时间100分钟。2.答题前，考生务必将姓名、考生号等个人信息填写在答题卡指定位置。3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答。超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AOxford'sworld-classmuseumshouseraretreasuresfromthenaturalworldaswellasamazingartandhandicrafts.Themuseumsarealsoavaluablestudyresourceforstudentsandacademics.AshmoleanMuseumWhere:BeaumontStreet,OX12PHWhen:10:00-17:00TheAshmoleanMuseumishometotheuniversity'scollectionofartandarchaeology.Foundedin1683,itwasthefirstpublicmuseumintheUKandisoneoftheoldestintheworld.Particularlyrelevantto:AncientandModernHistory.HistoryofScienceMuseumWhere:BroadStreet,OX13AZWhen:12:00-17:00Thismuseumhousesanunequaledcollectionofhistoricscientificinstruments,includingEinstein'sblackboardandthefirstculturesofthelifesavingantibioticPenicillin.Particularlyrelevanttoallscienceandhistorycourses.www.hsm.ox.ac.ukOxfordUniversityMuseumofNaturalHistoryWhere:ParksRoad,OX13PWWhen:10:00-17:00ThemuseumhousesanimpressiverangeofscientificcollectionsofzoologicalandgeologicalsamplesinaspectacularVictorianbuilding.Particularlyrelevantto:Biology;EarthSciences.www.oum.ox.ac.ukPittRiversMuseumWhere:ParksRoad,OX13PWWhen:10:00-14:00ThePittRiversMuseumishometoaremarkablecollectionofman-madeobjectsfromallpartsoftheworld,famousforitscelebrateddisplaysanditsleadingroleincontemporaryresearch.Particularlyrelevantto:ArchaeologyandAnthropology;HistoryofArt.www.prm.ox.acuk1.IfyouwanttoknowmoreaboutPenicillin,whichwebsiteshouldyousurf?A.www.hsm.ox.ac.uk.B.www.oum.ox.ac.uk.C..D.www.prm.ox.ac.uk.2.WhatisPittRiversMuseumespeciallyrelatedto?A.ArtandarchaeologyB.Undergraduatesstudying.C.Historicscientificinstruments.D.Collectionsofman-madeobjects.3.Thepurposeofthetextistogetpeopleto_________.A.studyhistoryB.preserveheritageC.visitmuseumsD.appreciatehandicraftsBScienceisalwaysseenashard-coreandhardtounderstand.Butcouldyouimaginehundredsofpeoplebeingattractedbythecoverofasciencemagazine?TheachievementwascompletedafterWangYixiandhisteammadethecoverofanOctoberissueofStructure,aUS-basedCellPressjournal.ThecovershowsaChineseinkpaintingthatvividlyshowstheprocessinwhichaspecialenzyme(酶)involvedinthebiosynthesis(生物合成)ofanimportantorganiccompoundisactivated—thelatestbreakthroughbyaChinesescientificresearchteam.AnotheroneofhispopularworksthatcarriesdistinctiveChineseelementsisacompositeimage,describingascientistasthefolkgoddessNyuwa,carryinghernewlydiscoveredcompoundtofillacrackinthesky.Whilestudyingchemistryatuniversity,WangYixioftencameacrossanexperimentalpreparationprocessthathehadtoexplain,buttheamountoftextwastoolargeandabstract.Ashehadbeeninterestedindrawing,andrelatedsoftwarelikePhotoshop,hedecidedtoturnhisgraphicsintoafineart.Hewentontostudy3Dgraphicssoftwareinordertobetterdisplaythemicroscopicstructuresinhisfieldandimprovethepresentationofhispapers.Itdidn'ttakelongbeforehisclassmatesandprofessorsnoticedhistalentsandaskedhimtohelpthemwiththeirpapers.Bywordofmouth,morepeoplebeatapathtoWang'sdoorandwerewillingtopayforhisservice.Overthepastfouryears,Wangandhisteamhavecomeupwithmorethan10,000visualworksforacademicpapersacrossavarietyoffields,manyofwhichhavemadetheirwaytotheworld'stopacademicjournals,includingNature,ScienceandCell.“Everyscientificpaperisinnovative,andgraphicsareanessentialpartofscientificpapers,”Wangsays,addingthatwhathetriestoachieveisanexplanationofmodelsormethods,toshowcaseexperimentalresults,visuallyprocessdataorcomparedifferencesamongexperiments.4.WhatplayaspecialroleinWang'sworks?A.Fairytales.B.Chineseelements.C.Richcolors.D.Complexstructures.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutWangYixifromparagraph3?A.HepreferredpaintingtoChemistry.B.Hedevelopedusefulmappingsoftware.C.Hehadanactivemindtosolveproblem.D.Hehadtroubleconductinghisexperiment.6.HowdoesWangmakeabstractpaperseasilyunderstood?A.Byvisualizingthemvividly.B.Byshowingthemaccurately.C.Byexplainingthemindetail.D.Byconstructingthemuniquely.7.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ThepowerofartB.DilemmasofscienceC.MysteriesofChemistryD.InspirationfromscienceCSeveraltimesamonth,youcanfindDoctorDanielNadeauintheRalph'smarketinHuntingtonBeach,California,wearingawhitecoatandhelpingpeoplelearnaboutfood.Henoticesthepre-mademacaroni(通心粉)andcheeseboxesinamother'sshoppingcartandsuggestssheswitchtowholegrainmacaroniandrealcheese.Nadeausayssugarandprocessedfoodsarebigcontributorstotherisingdiabetes(糖尿病)ratesamongchildren.“InAmerica,over50percentofourfoodisprocessedfood,"Nadeautellsher.“Andonly5percentofourfoodisplant-basedfood.Ithinkweshouldtrytoreversethat.”Thismotheragreestotrymorefruitjuicesforthekidsandtomakerealmacaroniandcheese.Scoreonepointforthedoctor,zerofordiabetes.Researchfindingsincreasinglyshowthepoweroffoodtotreatorreversediseases,butthatdoesnotmeanthatdietaloneisalwaysthesolution,orthateveryillnesscanbenefitsubstantiallyfromdietarychanges.Nevertheless,physicianssaythattheylookatthecollectivedataandaclearpictureemerges:thatthesalt,sugar,fatandprocessedfoodsintheAmericandietcontributetothenation'shighratesofobesity,diabetesandheartdisease.Byprescribing(开处方)nutritionalchangesorlaunchingprogramssuchas“ShopwithyourDoc”,theyaretryingtoprevent,limitorevenreversediseasebychangingwhatpatientseat.Theprogramwillofferpatientsseveralbagsoffoodprescribedfortheircondition,alongwithintensivetraininginhowtocookit.Theybelieveteachingpeopleaboutwhichfoodsarehealthyandhowtopreparethemcanactuallytransformapatient'slife.Andbeyondthat,itmighttransformthehealthandlivesofthatpatient'sfamily.8.WhydoesDoctorNadeauadvisebuyingwholegrainmacaroniandrealcheese?A.They'reeasytomake.B.They'replant-based.C.They'redelicioustoeat.D.They'reprocessedfood.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reverse”inparagraph2mean?A.Tryout.B.Pickup.C.Takein.D.Turnaround.10.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardthepoweroffood?A.Neutral.B.Dismissive.C.Doubtful.D.Positive.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Agoodcurefordiabetes.B.Anewattemptoncooking.C.Afood-as-medicineprogram.D.Asimpletipondoingshopping.DTop-downprocessingistheprocessofusingcontextorgeneralknowledgetounderstandwhatweperceive(感知).In1970,psychologistRichardGregoryintroducedtheconcept.HeclaimedthatperceptionisconstructiveTheprocessingplaysanimportantroleinourinteractionswithourenvironment.Ourfivesensesareconstantlytakingininformation.Atanygiventime,weareexperiencingdifferentsights,sounds,tastes,smells,andwaysthingsfeelwhenwetouchthem.Ifwepaidattentiontoeachoneofoursensesallthetimewe'dneverdoanythingelse.Itenablesustosimplifytheprocessbyrelyingoncontextandourpre-existingknowledgetounderstandwhatwenotice.Ifourbrainsdidn'temploytop-downprocessingoursenseswouldoverwhelmus.Top-downprocessinghelpsusunderstandwhatoursensesareperceivinginourdailylives.Forexample,supposeyoureceiveanimportantletterbutafewdropsofwaterhaveruinedpartofthetext.Afewlettersindifferentwordsarenowjustsmudges(污迹).Yet,you'restillabletoreadtheletterinitsentiretyusingtop-downprocessing.Youusethecontextofthewordsandsentencesinwhichthesmudgesappearandyourknowledgeofreadingtocomprehendthemeaningoftheletter'smessage.SeeawordLO*E,withoneletterknockeddown,yetyouarestillabletoquicklyrecognizethewordasLOVE.Ontheonehand,top-downprocessingservesapositivefunctionbysimplifyingthewaywecomprehendoursensoryperceptions.Itenablesustoshortcutthecognitivepathbetweenourperceptionsandtheirmeaning.Ontheotherhand,patternscanalsopreventusfromperceivingthingsinuniqueways.Sowemayunderstandthepatternofhowtouseamobilephone,butifthemanufacturercomesoutwithanewphonethatemployscompletelyuniqueinteractionpatterns,wemaynotbeabletofigureouthowtouseit.Besides,asourknowledgeislimitedandbiased(片面的)incertainways,itcanleadtoperceptualerrors.12.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingparagraph2?A.Toexplainmainreasons.B.Togivepracticalexamples.C.Todrawspecificconclusions.D.Toanalysetheoreticalframeworks.13.Whatmaybethekeytounderstandingatextwithmissingletters?A.Pre-existingknowledge.B.Activeinteractions.C.Fivephysicalsenses.D.Lessonsfrommistakes14.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Seeingisbelieving.B.Practicemakesperfect.C.Everycoinhastwosides.D.Experienceisthebestteacher.15.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoaccordingtothetext?A.Introduceareadingmethod.B.Deepenunderlyingmeanings.C.Illustrateacognitivestrategy.D.Clarifyaproducingprocess.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoFallBackinLovewithReadingDoyourememberthelasttimeyouspenttimereadingbooksforpleasure?Intheageofdigitaldistractions,itiseasytostruggletofindthetimeandheadspacetogetlostinliterature.16Thefollowingtipswillhelpyoufallinlovewithreadingagain.17Whetherit'sathriller,romance,orevenanon-fictionbookaboutyourfavoritehobby,makesureyouchoosesomethingthatwillholdyourattentionfrombeginningtoend.Ifyou'reunsurewheretostart,askyourfriendsorfamilyforrecommendations,checkoutonlinereviews,orbrowsethroughyourlocalbookstoreorlibrary.Setasidetimeforreadingbooks.Whetherit's20minutesbeforebedtimeoranhouronyourlunchbreak,carvingoutsometimeinyourschedulewillmakeiteasiertositdownandread.Andifyoufindthatyoudon'thavemuchfreetime,trylisteningtoaudiobooks.18Keepareadingjournal.Inyourjournal,youcanwritedownyourthoughtsaboutwhatyou'rereadingorgrafiipicturesinspiredbythebook.19Thisisagreatwaytoengagewithwhatyou'rereadingonadeeperlevelandafunwaytodocumentyourreadingjourney.Makereadingasocialactivity.Whetheryoustartabookclubwithyourfriendsorjoinanonlinereadinggroup,beingabletodiscusswhatyou'rereadingwithotherscanmaketheexperiencemoreenjoyable.20A.Findabookthatinterestsyou.B.Createapositivereadingroutine.C.Butthatdoesn'tmeanreadingbooksisathingofthepast!D.Bythisway,youcaneasilyfitreadingintoyourbusylifestyle.E.Plus,it'sagreatwaytogetrecommendationsforwhattoreadnext!F.Theothersinyourbookclubmaycomefromdifferentbackgrounds.G.Itdoesn'thavetobeveryinvolved,justacoupleofsentencestojogyourmemory.第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OnceI'dreachedretirementageIspentalotoftimetravellingtodistantcountries,andafterseeingadocumentaryonMountKilimanjaro,IthoughtperhapsIshouldgiveita21.WhenImade22withmyfavoritetravelcompany,Iwastoldtheiragelimitforthe23was80,andasIwas79atthetimeIrealizeditwasaquestionofnowornever!I24upandthedateIwasgivenmeantthatifIcouldmakeittothesummit(顶峰),I'darriveonthedaybeforemy80th25.WhenIarrivedinTanzania,Africa,I26agroupofsevenladiesandeightgentlemen,allofwhomIcouldseewerehalfmyage.Icouldalsotellfromthe27thatthemaninchargewouldhavebeen28withoutme,andhegavemestrict29toalwayswalkimmediatelybehindtheleader.Inoticedtoothathe'daskedtwoofthegrouptokeepaneyeonme,astheywere30checkingtoseeifIwasOK.Forthefirstthreedayswehadexcellentweather,andhourafterhourwetrudged(跋涉)inline,withoccasional31fortoiletandsnacks.However,halfwaythroughdayfour,thebosssuddenlyshoutedmynamefromtheendoftheline,andwhenI32inresponseheyelled,“Norman,youaresummitmaterial!”Fromthenon,noone33onme,andondayfiveweallreachedthesummitandthen34tothepeak.Inspiteofthefactthatmybirthdaywasadayaway,everyonestoodtogetherandsangHappyBirthdayToYou.Youcouldsaywe'dbecomea35.21.A.run B.reach C.walk D.go22.A.inquires B.comments C.forecasts D.friends23.A.hike B.cycle C.climb D.ride24.A.picked B.signed C.caught D.grew25.A.birthday B.celebration Canniversary D.ceremony26.A.formed B.examined C.obtained D.joined27.A.end B.start C.course D.result28.A.angrier B.crazier C.happier D.busier29.A.instructions B.deadlines C.conversations D.conditions30.A.gradually B.constantly C.reluctantly D,excitedly31.A.chances B.hunts C.hopes D.breaks32.A.lookedup B.cameback C.turnedround D.hungout33.A.checked B.depended C.called D.blamed34.A.returned B.progressed C.delivered D.reacted35.A.class B.committee C.club D.family第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Thecomplicatedartofneedle-piereedframelesslanterns,36 wasrecognizedasanationalculturalheriageinChinain2006, isatradiionaleraft37(date) backtotheTangDynastyinthePotanAncientTown,XianjuCounty, ZhejiangProvince.Thistechniqueinvolvespasting(粘贴)andshapinglayersofpapertocreateuniquedesigns,38puncturing(刺破)thelanternsurfacetoformpattermsandallowlighttoshinethrough.Unliketraditionallanternstylesthatusuallyrelyonbambooorwoodenframes,thismethodfashionspattermsanddesigns39theneedforanyframing.Everydelicatepatternoftheseframelesslantemsis40(careful)craftedusingatinyembroidery(绣花)needle.Eachsquarecentimeterofpaper41(demand)around100needlepunctures.Dependingonthelantern'ssize,42numberofpuncturescanvaryfromseveralhundredthousandtooverImillion.43(patient)isthusvitalforcrafismen.Inthepast,everyhouseholdherewoulderaftlanternsfortraditionalChinese44(festival)liketheSpringFestival,theLantermFestivalandtheMid-AutumnFestival.Lanterns45(love)assymbolsofgoodfortuneandprosperity.第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华，英国友好学校的师生正在你校访问，请以“绿色校园”为主题用英语写一篇短文，介绍你的校园。内容包括：1.开展的绿化活动；2.推荐代表性景观。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dearfiends,welcometoourscthool.That'sall.Thankyou.高三英语试题第7页(共8页)第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Iwasnearlytwenty-two,abouttograduate,andunsurewhichtofollow—myheadandmylonginterestinnaturalscience,ormyheartandmypassionforphotography.Ajobatthemuseumwouldbethesafechoice.OrIcouldtrytopursueacarerinarchitecturalphotography,eventhoughIhadnospecifietrainingintheficld.Ilongedtolandthatjob.Iaskedtheadvisor,JohnSmith,torecommendsomeonequalifiedtogivemeanobjectiveopinion.Hisreply:“SeeBenjaminMoskowitz,afamousarchitect,NYC.Goodluck.”DuringtheSpringbreakIbookedacheaproomandtookthetraintoNewYorkCity.Athisofficeonthetwenty-thirdfloorIaskedthereceptionistforMr.Moskowitz."IthinkMr.Moskowitzhasalreadyleft,Miss.Iknowhewasplanningalongweckend.Didyouhaveanappointment?"...Shesighedandaskedmynameandtoldmetowaitwhileshetriedtoseeifhemightstillbethere.Ipacednervously,thinkingthatmytimeandmomeyandmybestchanceforanexpertopinionhadbeenthrownaway.Thereceptionistranghisoffice;noanswer."Sorry,butitlookslikeyou'reoutofluck,MissWhite,"shesaid.Whyhadn'tIplannedthisbetter?Calledforanappointment?Takenanearliertrain?HowcouldIhavemadesuchamistake?Iwasclosetotears.Justthenatall,gray-hairedman,beautifullydressed,strode(阔步)throughthereceptionarea.Thereceptionistsignaledmeandmouthed,"That'shim."Ididn'thesitate."Oh,MrMoskowitz!"Icalledout.“Justamoment,sir,please!I'dliketospeaktoyou.”Heglancedathisexpensive-lookinggoldwatchandkeptwalking."Sorry,Ihaveatraintocatch,"hesaidstraightforward,"Idon'tbelieveyouhadanappointment."Ihurriedafterhimtowardtheclevator."Iapologize,sir,butIwastoldtotalktoyouandtoshowyousomephotographs."注意：1.续写词数应为150左右：2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Paragraph1:MiMoskowitrglancedarit,imparientyatfirstandthenmorecarefullyasecomdtime.Paragraph2:Omehowrlater.Iwalkedoutofhisoficewithgreatconfidenceandexcitement____参考答案简案一、阅读：1-5AACBC6-10ADBDA11-15CAACC16-20CADGE二、完形填空：21-25DACBA26-30DBCAB31-35DCABD三、语法填空：36.which37.dating38.and39.without40.carefully41.demands42.the43.Patience44.festivals45.areloved应用文(本人写作)Dearfriends,welcometoourschool.I’mLiHua,thechairmanoftheStudent’sUnion.Agreeningactivitythemed“GreenCampus”hasbeenheldforthreeyears.Manylandscapetreesandflowershavebeenplantedinourschool.Andnow,theyaregrowingverywell,providingacomfortablesurroundingsforteachersandstudentstolivewith.What’sworthmentioningisthecentralgardenthatcoversabout600squaremetres.Inthegarden,thereisanarticifialhill,apondandapavilion,whichisabestplaceforrelaxafteralongday’stiringworkorstudy.Mayyouhaveanunforgettableexperience!(97words)That’sall.Thankyou.其他老师下水文：Dearfriends,welcometoourschool.SoprivilegedamItoconveyourwelcomeforyourvisiting.IamdelightedtointroducetheactivityofGreenCampus.Thefollowingareactivitiesaimingtomakeourcampusgreener.First,studentsareencouragedtomakeallkindsofschoolsuppliesbyusingwastematerials.Notonlydoesitdevelopstudents’awarenessofenvironmentalawareness,butitcanalsostimulatetheircreativity.Furthermore,it’ssignificanttomakestudentssavefoodwhendininginthecanteen.Besides,what’sthemostrepresentativespotistheTree-PlantingFestivalorganizedbyourschooltoprovideaplatformwherestudentscanenjoybeingclosetonatureandcooperatewitheachother.Mayyouhaveanunforgettableexperience!That’sall.Thankyou.续写：(AI生成+本人审改)Paragraph1:Mr.Moskowitzglancedatit,impatientlyatfirstandthenmorecarefullyasecondtime.Hisexpressionchangedfrombigsurprisetodeepappreciation."Thesearequitegood,"hesaid,(分词短语作状语)lookingupatme."Youhaveauniqueeyeforcapturingthebeautyofarchitecture.(疑问句)Haveyouconsideredattendingaphotographyschool?"Inodded,myheartpounding.(独立主格)"Well,Ithinkyouhavealotofpotential.Perhapswecouldarrangeameetingforyoutodiscusssomeopportunitiesinthefield."Hiswordsfilledmewithhope.Next,wehadapleasanttalkaboutmyinterestandmyfuturejob.(85words)莫斯科维茨先生看了一眼，起初很不耐烦，但第二次看得更仔细了。他的表情从非常惊讶变成了深深的感激。“这些很不错，”他抬头看着我说。“你对捕捉建筑之美有着独特的眼光。你考虑过上摄影学校吗?”我点点头，心怦怦直跳。“嗯，我觉得你很有潜力。也许我们可以为您安排一次会议，讨论一下这个领域的一些机会。”他的话使我充满了希望。接下来，我们愉快地谈论了我的兴趣和我未来的工作。Paragraph2:So