2018全国卷Ⅱ高考英语真题(含答案)

2018全国卷口高考英语真题及答案

（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案

转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5短对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选

项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅

读一遍。

例:Howmuchistheshirt?

A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.

1.WhatdoesJohnfinddifficultinlearningGerman?

A.Pronunciation.B.Vocabulary.

C.Grammar.

2.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Colleagues.B.Brotherandsister.

C.Teacherandstudent.

3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Inabank.B.Ataticketoffice.

C.Onatrain.

4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Arestaurant.B.Astreet.C.Adish.

5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherinterview?

A.Itwastough.B.Itwasinteresting.

C.Itwassuccessful.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选

项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完

后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.WhenwillJudygotoaparty?

A.OnMonday.B.OnTuesday.C.OnWednesday.

7.WhatwillMaxdonext?

A.Flyakite.B.Readamagazine.C.Dohis

homework.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoingatfirst?

A.Goingtoaconcert.B.Watchingamovie.C.Playinga

computergame.

9.Whatdothespeakersdecidetodo?

A.VisitMike.B.Goboating.C.Takea

walk.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10.Whichcolordocatsseebetterthanhumans?

A.Red.B.Green.C.Blue.

11.Whydocatsbringdeadbirdshome?

A.Toeattheminasafeplace.

B.Toshowofftheirhuntingskills.

C.Tomaketheirownershappy.

12.Howdoesthemansoundattheendoftheconversation?

A.Grateful.B.Humorous.C.Curious.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13.WhoisMacy?

A.Ed'smother.B.Ed'steacher.C.Ed'sfriend.

14.HowdoesEdusuallygotokindergarten?

A.Bycar.B.Onfoot.C.Bybus.

15.WhatdoesEdenjoydoingatthekindergarten?

A.Tellingstories.B.Singingsongs.C.Playing

withothers.

16.WhatdotheteacherssayaboutEd?

A.He'sclever.B.He'squiet.C.He'sbrave.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17.AtwhatagedidEmilystartlearningballet?

A.Five.B.Six.C.Nine.

18.WhydidEmilymovetoToronto?

A.Toworkforadanceschool.

B.Toperformatadancetheater.

C.Tolearncontemporarydance.

19.WhydidEmilyquitdancing?

A.Shewastoooldtodance.

B.Shefailedtogetascholarship.

C.Shelostinterestinit.

20.HowdoesEmilyfeelaboutstoppingtraining?

A・She'spleased.B・She'sregretful.C・She's

upset.

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

SummerActivities

Studentsshouldreadthelistwiththeirparents/carers,andselecttwo

activitiestheywouldliketodo.Formswillbeavailableinschoolandonlinefor

themtoindicatetheirchoicesandreturntoschool.Beforechoicesarefinalised,

parents/carerswillbeaskedtosigntoconfirmtheirchild'schoices.

ActivityDescriptionMembeC

rofstaffost

OutdoorTakeyourselfoutofyourcomfortzoneforMr.£

Adventureaweek,discovernewpersonalqualities,andClemens140

(OUT)learnnewskills.Youwillbeabletotakepart

inanumberofactivitiesfromcanoeingtowild

campingonDartmoor.Learnrockclimbingandwork

asateam,andenjoythegreatoutdoor

environment.

WWIOnMondaywetraveltoLondon.AfterstayingMrs.£

BattlefieldsovernightinLondon,wetravelonDay2toWilson425

andParisnorthernFrancetovisittheWorldWarI

(WBP)battlefields.OnDay3wecrossintoBelgium.

ThursdayseesusmaketheshortjourneytoParis

wherewewillvisitDisneylandParispark,

stayinguntillatetoseetheparadeandthe

fireworks.Ourfinalday,Friday,seesusvisit

centralParisandtourthemainsights.

CraftyFourdaysofproductdesigncentredaroundMrs.£

Foxestextiles.MakinglovelyobjectsusingrecycledGoode30

(CRF)andmadematerials.Bags,cushionsand

decorations...Learnskillsandleavewithmodern

andunusualtextiles.

PottyVisitWarnerBrosStudio,shopstoptobuyMiss£

aboutPotterpicnic,stayovernightinanapprovedYouthDrake150

(POT)HostelinStreatley-on-Thames,guidedtourof

Oxfordtoseethefilmlocations,picniclunch

outsideOxford?sChristchurch,boatingonthe

RiverCherwellthroughtheUniversityParks,

beforeheadingbacktoExeter.

21.Whichactivitywillyouchooseifyouwanttogocamping?

A.OUT.B.WBP.C.CRF.D.POT.

22.WhatwillthestudentsdoonTuesdaywithMrs.Wilson?

A.TraveltoLondon.B.

Seeaparadeandfireworks.

C.TourcentralParis.D.

VisittheWWIbattlefields.

23.HowlongdoesPottyaboutPotterlast?

A.Twodays.B.Fourdays.C.Fivedays.

D.Oneweek.

B

ManyofusloveJulybecauseit'sthemonthwhennature?sberriesandstone

fruitsareinabundance.Thesecolourfulandsweetjewe1sfromBritishColumbia's

fieldsarelittlepowerhousesofnutritionalprotection.

Ofthecommonberries,strawberriesarehighestinvitaminC,although,because

oftheirseeds,raspberriescontainalittlemoreprotein(蛋白质)，ironandzinc

(notthatfruitshavemuchprotein).Blueberriesareparticularlyhighin

antioxidants(抗氧化物质).Theyellowandorangestonefruitssuchaspeachesare

highinthecarotenoidsweturnintovitaminAandwhichareantioxidants.Asfor

cherries（樱桃），theyaresodeliciouswhocares?However,theyarerichinvitamin

C.

Whencombinedwithberriesofslicesofotherfruits,frozenbananasmakean

excellentbaseforthick,coolingfruitshakesandlowfat"icecream".Forthis

purpose,selectripebananasforfreezingastheyaremuchsweeter.Removetheskin

andplacetheminplasticbagsorcontainersandfreeze.Ifyoulike,asqueezeof

freshlemonjuiceonthebananaswillpreventthemturningbrown.Frozenbananas

willlastseveralweeks,dependingontheirripenessandthetemperatureofthe

freezer.

Ifyouhaveajuicer,youcansimplyfeedinfrozenbananasandsomeberries

orslicedfruit.Outcomesa

"soft-serve"creamydessert,tobeeatenrightaway.Thismakesafunactivity

forachildren'sparty;theylovefeedingthefruitandfrozenbananasintothe

topofthemachineandwatchingtheicecreamcomeoutbelow.

24.Whatdoestheauthorseemtolikeaboutcherries?

A.Theycontainprotein.B.Theyarehighinvitamin

A.

C.Theyhaveapleasanttaste.D.Theyarerichin

antioxidants.

25.Whyisfreshlemonjuiceusedinfreezingbananas?

A.Tomakethemsmellbetter.B.Tokeeptheir

colour.

C.Tospeeduptheirripening.D.Toimprovetheir

nutrition.

26.Whatis"ajuicer"inthelastparagraph?

A.Adessert.B.Adrink.

C.Acontainer.D.Amachine.

27.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?

A.Abiologytextbook.B.Ahealth

magazine.

C.Aresearchpaper.D.Atravel

brochure.

C

Teensandyoungerchildrenarereadingalotlessforfun,accordingtoaCommon

SenseMediareportpublishedMonday.

Whilethedeclineoverthepastdecadeissteepforteenreaders,somedatain

thereportshowsthatreadingremainsabigpartofmanychildren'slives,and

indicateshowparentsmighthelpencouragemorereading.

Accordingtothereport?skeyfindings,"theproportion（比例）whosaythey

hardlyever'readforfunhasgonefrom8percentof13-year-oldsand9percent

of17-year-oldsin1984to22percentand27percentrespectivelytoday."

Thereportdatashowsthatpleasurereadinglevelsforyoungerchildren,ages

2一8,remainlargelythesame.Buttheamountoftimespentinreadingeachsession

hasdeclined,fromclosertoanhourormoretoclosertoahalfhourpersession.

Whenitcomestotechnologyandreading,thereportdoeslittletocounsel（建

议）parentslookingfordataabouttheeffectofe-readersandtabletsonreading.

Itdoespointoutthatmanyparentsstilllimitelectronicreading,mainlydueto

concernsaboutincreasedscreentime.

Themosthopefuldatasharedinthereportshowsclearevidenceofparents

servingasexamplesandimportantguidesfortheirkidswhenitcomestoreading.

Datashowsthatkidsandteenswhodoreadfrequently,comparedtoinfrequentreaders,

havemorebooksinthehome,morebookspurchasedforthem,parentswhoreadmore

often,andparentswhosetasidetimeforthemtoread.

Astheendofschoolapproaches,andschoolvacationreadinglistsloom（逼

近）ahead,parentsmighttakethischancetostepinandmaketheirownsummerreading

listandplanafamilytriptothelibraryorbookstore.

28.WhatistheCommonSenseMediareportprobablyabout?

A.Children'sreadinghabits.B.Qualityof

children'sbooks.

C.Children'safter-classactivities.D.Parent-child

relationships.

29.Wherecanyoufindthedatathatbestsupports"childrenarereadingalotless

forfun"?

A.Inparagraph2.B.Inparagraph3.

C.Inparagraph4.D.Inparagraph5.

30.Whydomanyparentslimitelectronicreading?

A.E-booksareofpoorquality.B.Itcouldbeawasteof

time.

C.Itmayharmchildren'shealth.D.E-readersare

expensive.

31.Howshouldparentsencouragetheirchildrentoreadmore?

A.Actasrolemodelsforthem.B.Askthemtowritebook

reports.

C.Setupreadinggroupsforthem.D.Talkwiththeir

readingclassteachers.

D

We'veallbeenthere:inalift,inlineatthebankoronanairplane,surrounded

bypeoplewhoare,likeus,deeplyfocusedontheirsmartphonesor,worse,struggling

withtheuncomfortablesilence.

What'stheproblem?It'spossiblethatweallhavecompromisedconversational

intelligence.It'smorelikelythatnoneofusstartaconversationbecauseit's

awkwardandchallenging,orwethinkit'sannoyingandunnecessary.Butthenext

timeyoufindyourselfamongstrangers,considerthatsmalltalkisworththetrouble.

Expertssayit'saninvaluablesocialpracticethatresultsinbigbenefits.

Dismissingsmalltalkasunimportantiseasy,butwecan'tforgetthatdeep

relationshipswouldn,tevenexistifitweren?tforcasualconversation.Small

talkisthegrease（润滑剂）forsocialcommunication,saysBernardoCarducci,

directoroftheShynessResearchInstituteatIndianaUniversitySoutheast."

Almosteverygreatlovestoryandeachbigbusinessdealbeginswithsmalltalk,"

heexplains."Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnectwith

others,notjustcommunicatewiththem."

Ina2014study,ElizabethDunn,associateprofessorofpsychologyatUBC,

invitedpeopleontheirwayintoacoffeeshop.Onegroupwasaskedtoseekoutan

interaction（互动）withitswaiter;theother,tospeakonlywhennecessary.The

resultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsignificantly

higherpositivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience."It'snotthat

talkingtothewaiterisbetterthantalkingtoyourhusband,"saysDunn."But

interactionswithperipheral（边缘的）membersofoursocialnetworkmatterforour

well-beingalso."

Dunnbelievesthatpeoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelasignificantly

greatersenseofbelonging,abondwithothers.Carduccibelievesdevelopingsuch

asenseofbelongingstartswithsmalltalk."Smalltalkisthebasisofgood

manners,"hesays.

32.Whatphenomenonisdescribedinthefirstparagraph?

A.Addictiontosmartphones.

B.Inappropriatebehavioursinpublicplaces.

C.Absenceofcommunicationbetweenstrangers.

D.Impatiencewithslowservice.

33.WhatisimportantforsuccessfulsmalltalkaccordingtoCarducci?

A.Showinggoodmanners.B.Relatingto

otherpeople.

C.Focusingonatopic.D.Makingbusiness

deals.

34.Whatdoesthecoffee-shopstudysuggestaboutsmalltalk?

A.Itimprovesfamilyrelationships.B.Itraises

people'sconfidence.

C.Itmattersasmuchasaformaltalk.D.Itmakespeople

feelgood.

35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.ConversationCountsB.WaysofMakingSmallTalk

C.BenefitsofSmallTalkD.Uncomfortable

Silence

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余

选项。

Ifyouarealreadymakingthetimetoexercise,itisgoodindeed!Withsuch

busylives,itcanbehardtotryandfindthetimetoworkout.36Workingout

inthemorningprovidesadditionalbenefitsbeyondbeingphysicallyfit.

•Yourproductivityisimproved.Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandready

tohandlewhateverisaheadofyoufortheday.37

•Yourmetabolism（新陈代谢）getsaheadstart.38Ifyouworkoutin

themornings,thenyouwillbegettingthecalorie（卡路里）burningbenefitsfor

thewholeday,notinyoursleep.

•39Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexerciseslept

betterthanthosewhoexercisedintheevening.Exerciseenergizesyou,soit

ismoredifficulttorelaxandhaveapeacefulsleepwhenyouareveryexcited.

•40Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemore

likelytosticktohealthyfoodchoicesthroughouttheday.Whowouldwantto

ruintheirgoodworkoutbyeatingjunkfood?Youwillwanttocontinuetofocus

onpositivechoices.

Therearealotofbenefitstoworkingout,especiallyinthemornings.Setyour

alarmclockanhourearlyandpushyourselftoworkout!Youwillfeelenergized

alldaylong.

A.Youwillsticktoyourdiet.

B.Yourqualityofsleepimproves.

C.Youpreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.

D.Thereisnoreasonyoushouldexerciseinthemorning.

E.Youcankeepyourheadclearfor4-10hoursafterexercise.

F.Afteryouexercise,youcontinuetoburncaloriesthroughouttheday.

G.Ifyouareplanningtodoexerciseregularly,oryou'redoingitnow,then

listenup!

第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的

最佳选项。

Twoweeksearlier,myson,Ben,hadgotintouch.He'dmovedtoEnglandwithhis

mumwhenhewasthreeandithadbeen13yearssinceI'd41seenhim.Soimagine

my42whenheemailedmesayinghewantedtocometovisitme.

Iwas43!IarrivedearlyatByronBaywhereweweresupposedto44.

Thebaywas45insunshine,andtherewasagroupofkayakersaround150moff

theshore.Gettingalittle46,Irealizedonekayak（皮划艇）wasin47."

Something'snot48!"ItookoffmyT-shirtand49intothewater.Isaw

thereweretwoinstructorsonboardandamanlyingacrossthemiddle.Hewas50

violently.Linkingarmswithoneoftheinstructors.Ihelped51theyoungman

outofthewater.HewasunconsciousandasIlookedathisface,something52

tome.Thosebrowneyeswerevery53."What'shisname?"Iaskedthe

instructor."Ben,"hereplied,andimmediatelyI54Thatstrangerwasmy

son!

Theinstructorscalledforanambulance.55,afterabriefstayinhospital,Ben

waswellenoughtobeallowedto56andlaterthefamilymetupfordinner.Wechatted

abouteverythingandthenBen57tome."Ijustwanttosaythankyou,"hesaid."

You58nlylife!"

Istillcan'tbelievewhata59itwas.I'mjustsogladIwasthere60tohelp

myson.

41.A.alsoB.oftenC.evenD.last

42.A.delightB.reliefC.angerD.worry

43.A.scaredB.shockedC.thrilledD.ashame

44.A.talkB.stayC.meetD.settle

45.A.bathedB.cleanC.deep

D.formed

46.A.fasterB.closerC.heavier]

47.A.troubleB.advanceC.question

D.battle

48.A.realB.rightC.fairD.fit

49.A.staredB.sankC.dived

D.fell

50.A.arguingB.fightingC.shoutingD.shakin

51.A.leadB.persuadeC.carry

D.keep

52.A.happenedB.occurredC.appliedD.appeal

53.A.sharpB.pleasantC.attractive

D.familiar

54.A.agreedB.hesitatedC.doubted

D.knew

55.A.FortunatelyB.FranklyC.SadlyD.Sudden

56.A.returnB.relaxC.speak

D.leave

57.A.jokedB.turnedC.listened]

58.A.createdB.honoredc.saved

D.guided

59.A.coincidenceB.changeC.pityD.pain

60.A.onboardB.intimeC.forsure]

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

DietshavechangedinChina-andsotoohasitstopcrop.Since2011,thecountry

61(grow)morecornthanrice.Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover

62past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.

Atasteformeatis63(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscorn

isusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.Anotherreasonforcorn'srise:The

governmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice

64(improve)waterquality.Cornuseslesswater65riceandcreatesless

fertilizer(化月巴)runoff.Thisswitchhasdecreased66(pollute)inthecountry,s

majorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.

AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal

67(globe)fertilizerconsumption.TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthat

between2005-whenthegovernment68(start)asoil-testingprogram69givesspecific

fertilizerrecommendationstofarmers—and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7

milliontons.Thatpreventedtheemission(排放)of51.8milliontonsofcarbon

dioxide.China,sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile70(feed)its

citizens"offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide."

saysthebank'sJuergenVoegele.

第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）

第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共

有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A）,并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

WhenIwaslittle,Friday'snightwasourfamilygamenight.Aftersupper,we

wouldplaycardgamesofallsortinthesittingroom.Asthekid,Ilovedtowatch

cartoons,butnomatterhowmanytimesIaskedtowatchingthem,myparentswould

nottoletme.Theywouldsaytousthatplayingcardgameswouldhelpmybrain.

StillIunwillingtoplaythegamesforthemsometimes.Ididn'trealizehowright

myparentsareuntilIenteredhighschool.Thegamesmyparentstaughtmewhere

Iwasachildturnedouttobeveryusefullaterinmylife.

第二节书面表达（满分25分）

你受学生会委托为校宣传栏“英语天地”写一则通知，请大家观看一部英语短片

GrowingTogether：内容包括：

1.短片内容：学校的发展；

2.放映时间、地点；

3.欢迎对短片提出意见。

注意：

I.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试