适用于新高考新教材备战2025届高考英语一轮总复习Unit3TheworldmeetsChina外研版选择性必修第四册

Unit3TheworldmeetsChinaⅠ.阅读理解A“Iknowwhentogoout,andwhentostayin.”,EnglishrockstarDavidBowieonceconfidentlysanginhishitsingle.Whenitcomestoconsumingfood,thedecisivenessclaimedbythesinger-songwriterishardtoachieve.Idisagreewiththestatementandargueit’sbettertoeatoutthantoorderhomedelivery.Tobeginwith,whensettingfootinarestaurant,we’reimmediatelygreetednotonlybyaserverreadytoseatus,butbyafloodofphysicalfeelings—theeyestakeintheinternaldecorationoftheplace,thenosebreathesinthepleasantsmellofexpertlyplatedfoodandtheearspickuponcompetingsoundsofcustomerchatterandattractivein-storemusic.Toeatoutistoexperienceanatmosphereuniquetoeachrestaurant.Somethingasspecialasthatsimplycan’tbereproducedbyorderinghomedelivery.Eatingoutis,withoutdoubt,themoreexcitingandthusbetterchoice.Eatingoutbecomesevenmoreappealingwhenstayinghomeprovestoopainful.Whetheritisbecauseweneedatemporaryfightfromourfamilyorthatwesimplywanttospendsomequalitytimeoutsidewithlovedones,goingoutforamealcanbeabreakfromthehardlabourofdomesticliving.Wecouldtakeitasanopportunityforself-care—totreatourselvesbydressingup,arrivinginstyleatafancyrestaurantandorderingaslightlymoreluxuriousmealtorefreshourwearysoul.Orderinghomedeliverywouldonlycontributetofeelingsofbeingpennedinwhileeatingoutisanescapeforthetrappedindividual.Fooddeliveryappusersreasonit’satroubleandlessconvenienttodressupandeatout.However,it’sworthnotingwemaynotalwaysgetourfoodinthemostsatisfactoryconditionwhenoptingforhomedelivery.There’sariskofreceivingfoodorderswithmissingitemsorevenentirelywrongordersthatcan’tbesentback.Whatwesacrificeforconveniencemightjustwindupbeinginconvenient.Consequently,itmakesmoresensetoeatoutratherthanriskdisappointmentbyorderinghomedelivery.1.Whatdoestheauthormainlytalkabout?A.Diningoptions.B.Cuisineculture.C.Consumptionlevel. D.Foodcategories.2.Whatadvantageofeatingoutishighlightedinparagraph2?A.Qualityservice. B.Comfortandconvenience.C.Sensoryenjoyment.D.Areasonablemixofnutrition.3.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoforderinghomedelivery?A.It’squitepricy.B.Itmayletconsumersdown.C.Itmaycausefoodwaste.D.It’snotenvironmentally-friendly.4.Howisthetextdeveloped?A.Byprovidingexamples.B.Byfollowingspaceorder.C.Bymakingcomparisons.D.Byanalyzingmentalprocesses.BAsanycatownerwilltellyou,talkingtoyourcatistotallynormal.Andeventhoughfeline(猫)friendsmayseemdistanttotheseadoringtalks,anewstudyinAnimalCognitionsuggeststheyarereallylistening.ResearchersinFranceexposedhousecatstorecordingsoftheirownerorastrangersayingphrasesincat-orhuman-directedspeech.Likebabytalk,cat-directedspeechistypicallyhigherpitchedwithshort,repetitivephrases.Theteamfoundthatfelinestendedtoreacttotheirownerspeakingincat-directedspeech—butnottotheirownerspeakinginadulttonesortoastrangerusingeitheradult-orcat-directedspeech.Previousresearchhadshownsimilarfindingsindogs,butmuchlessisknownwhenitcomestocats.“Somepeoplestillconsidercatsindependent—youcannothavearealrelationshipwithcats,”saysleadstudyauthorCharlotteMouzon,acatbehavioristattheUniversityofParisNanterre.Somepeoplemightbeembarrassedaboutusingspecialvocalizationsforcats,shesays,butthisresearchshows“peopleshouldn’tbeashamed”.Mouzonandherteamrecorded16catownerssayingsuchas“Doyouwanttoplay?”or“Doyouwantatreat?”incat-andhuman-directedspeech.Thentheyfilmedeachcatbefore,duringandafterplayingitaseriesofrecordingsofitsownerandotherowners’speech.Theresearchersusedsoftwaretoratethecats’reactionsfrommultipledimensions,makingtheresultmoreconvincing.“Althoughcatshaveareputationforignoringtheirowners,agrowingbodyofresearchindicatesthatcatspaycloseattentiontohumans,”saysKristynVitale,acatbehaviorscientistatUnityCollegeinMaine,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.“Catscanlearnthatspecificspeechhascertainmeanings.”Butshenotesthestudyistoosmallandthatfutureworkisneededtoexpandtheresearchtoothercatpopulations.5.Accordingtoparagraph2,whatdohousecatsrespondobviouslyto?A.Theowner’scat-directedtone.B.Astranger’shuman-directedtalks.C.Astranger’scat-directedrecordings.D.Theowner’shuman-directedspeech.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vocalizations”meaninparagraph3?A.Strategies.B.Trainings.C.Sounds.D.Rhymes.7.WhatmakesMouzon’sfindingsmorereliable?A.Continuousfilmingofcats’responses.B.Comprehensiveanalysesbackedbysoftware.C.Multi-dimensionalevaluationsofcats’habits.D.Furtherreferencetopreviousstudiesondogs.8.WhatisthelimitationofMouzon’sresearch?A.Lackofsampletypes.B.Absenceofowners’support.C.Absenceofscientifictools.D.Lackofexperts’involvement.Ⅱ.七选五Beinglateisatendencythatsomepeoplecannotseemtoshake.Manyfactorscontributetocontinuallateness,includingtimeperception,timemanagementandpersonality.Weallknowsomeonewhoneverseemstobeontime,whetherit’stoalunchdateoraworkmeeting.1

“Itislikelythatthere’samechanisminthebrainthatcausessomepeopletobelateformeetingsbecausetheyunderestimatethetimeitwilltakethemtogetthere,”HugoSpiers,aprofessoratUniversityCollegeLondontoldLiveScience.2Researchsuggeststhatneuronsinthehippocampus(海马体)actingas“timecells”contributetoourperceptionandmemoryofevents,butwhyexactlysomepeoplecontinuallyunderestimatetimeisunclear.

Onefactormaybehowfamiliarwearewithaspace.Forthe2017study,Spiersasked20studentswhohadnewlymovedtoLondontosketchamapoftheircollegedistrictandestimatetraveltimestodifferentdestinations.Thestudents’spaceestimatesexpandediftheyknewanareawell.3“Ifyou’reveryfamiliarwithaspace,youstarttodiscountthetroubleitwilltake,”Spierssaid.

Anotherenvironmentalfactormaybecrowdedness.Ina2022studyinthejournalVirtualReality,researchersaskedparticipantstoestimatethelengthofmoreorlesscrowdedsimulated(模拟的)subwaytrips.Theyfoundthatcrowdedcommutesfeltliketheytook10%longerthanlessbusyrides.4

5Certaincharacterfeatures,suchasreducedconscientiousness(责任心),cancausesomepeopletoforgettasksthattheyhadplannedaheadoftime.

A.Personalityalsoplaysaroleinrunninglate.B.Thatwaslinkedtoitbeinganunpleasantexperience.C.Wemaketimeestimatesbasedonhowurgentthetasksare.D.However,theirestimatesoftraveltimecontractedwithfamiliarity.E.Butisthereagoodexplanationforwhysomepeoplearealwayslate?F.Aregionofthebrain,calledhippocampus,processessomeaspectsoftime.G.That’sbecausepeoplewhorunlatetellthemselvesandotherstheycanbepunctual.Ⅲ.语法填空Asnightfell,thesummerheatfadedaway.OntheplaygroundofanelementaryschoolinZunyi,GuizhouProvince,nearly200childrenandteachers1.(sit)ontheirstools(凳子)towatchthemovie1921,2.givesanaccountofthefoundingoftheCommunistPartyofChina.

Infrontofthemwasalargewhiteprojector(放映机)screen3.(tie)totwobamboopoles.Formostofthechildren,itwasthefirsttimeintheirlivesthatthey4.(watch)amovieonsucha“giant”screen,asthereisnocinemainthevillage.

XuLongsheng,a21-year-oldfromBeijingNormalUniversity,andfourof5.(he)fellowstudentsworkedasprojectionists.Althoughthestoryissetagainstacomplexbackgroundcontainingmanyhistoricalfigures,mostofthechildrenwerestill6.(attract)toit,askingthecollegestudentsalotofquestions.

Theeventispartofaproject,“TakingMoviestotheCountryside”,whichwas7.(recent)

launchedbyBeijingNormalUniversityandtheChinaFilmArchive.Theuniversityisscheduled8.(send)12teamsofstudentsandteacherstoaround50ruralareas,withZunyibeingthefirststopandGanzhouinJiangxiProvinceasthenextdestination.Theprojectaimstoimproveaesthetic(美学的)education9.ruralareas,aswellasprovidingthestudentsmajoringineducationwith10.opportunitytogetatasteoftheirfuturecareer.

Ⅳ.应用文写作假定你是李华,你的英国朋友Peter来信请你推荐一座中国的旅游城市。请你给他写封回信,内容包括:1.推荐的城市;2.你的理由。注意:1.词数80左右;2.请在相应位置作答。DearPeter,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

Unit3TheworldmeetsChinaⅠ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。作者将“在外面吃饭”和“点外卖送到家”两种就餐方式进行了比较,告诉读者“在外面吃饭”是更好的选择。1.A推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Idisagreewiththestatementandargueit’sbettertoeatoutthantoorderhomedelivery.”和最后一段中的“Consequently,itmakesmoresensetoeatoutratherthanriskdisappointmentbyorderinghomedelivery.”可知,作者在文章中把“在外面吃饭”和“点外卖送到家”两种就餐方式进行了比较,认为在外就餐更有意义。由此可知,作者主要谈论了用餐选择问题。2.C推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Tobeginwith,whensettingfootinarestaurant,we’reimmediatelygreetednotonlybyaserverreadytoseatus,butbyafloodofphysicalfeelings—theeyestakeintheinternaldecorationoftheplace,thenosebreathesinthepleasantsmellofexpertlyplatedfoodandtheearspickuponcompetingsoundsofcustomerchatterandattractivein-storemusic.”可知,第二段强调了外出就餐可以让眼睛、鼻子和耳朵等感官都获得享受。由此可知,第二段强调了外出就餐的好处是可以获得感官上的享受。3.B推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“There’sariskofreceivingfoodorderswithmissingitemsorevenentirelywrongordersthatcan’tbesentback.Whatwesacrificeforconveniencemightjustwindupbeinginconvenient.Consequently,itmakesmoresensetoeatoutratherthanriskdisappointmentbyorderinghomedelivery.”可知,作者认为点外卖面临着物品丢失或订单错误的风险,这会让我们感到失望。由此可知,作者认为点外卖送到家可能会让消费者失望。4.C推理判断题。通读全文内容可知,作者将“在外面吃饭”和“点外卖送到家”两种就餐方式进行了比较,告诉读者“在外面吃饭”的好处。由此可知,文章是通过作比较而展开的。【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项法国研究认为和宠物猫用特殊语调说话是有效的,会受到宠物猫的关注。以往研究只在狗身上展示出类似结果,这是首次在猫身上进行,具有里程碑意义,并需要进一步从其他角度进行扩展。5.A细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Theteamfoundthatfelinestendedtoreacttotheirownerspeakingincat-directedspeech—butnottotheirownerspeakinginadulttonesortoastrangerusingeitheradult-orcat-directedspeech.”可知,宠物猫明显对主人的猫式语气反应明显。故选A项。6.C词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Somepeoplemightbeembarrassedaboutusingspecialvocalizationsforcats,shesays,butthisresearchshows‘peopleshouldn’tbeashamed’.”可知,有些人可能会因为对猫使用特殊的声音而感到尴尬,画线单词的意思为“声音”。故选C项。

7.B细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“Thentheyfilmedeachcatbefore,duringandafterplayingitaseriesofrecordingsofitsownerandotherowners’speech.Theresearchersusedsoftwaretoratethecats’reactionsfrommultipledimensions,makingtheresultmoreconvincing.”可知,该研究有计算机软件支持,从多方面对猫的反应进行了综合分析使得Mouzon的研究更加可靠。故选B项。8.A推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Butshenotesthestudyistoosmallandthatfutureworkisneededtoexpandtheresearchtoothercatpopulations.”可知,虽然试验对猫有一定参考意义,但未来的研究还需要拓宽样本的数量和种类。故选A项。Ⅱ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了为什么有些人似乎从不准时,无论是午餐约会还是工作会议。1.E根据空前内容“Weallknowsomeonewhoneverseemstobeontime,whetherit’stoalunchdateoraworkmeeting.”可知,有些人从不准时。而下一段开始解释人们为什么不准时。E项“Butisthereagoodexplanationforwhysomepeoplearealwayslate?”承上启下,符合上下文内容。故选E项。2.F根据空后内容“Researchsuggeststhatneuronsinthehippocampusactingas‘timecells’contributetoourperceptionandmemoryofevents,butwhyexactlysomepeoplecontinuallyunderestimatetimeisunclear.”可知,空后解释了海马体的作用。F项“Aregionofthebrain,calledhippocampus,processessomeaspectsoftime.”提出海马体这一概念,与空后内容呼应。故选F项。3.D根据空前内容“Onefactormaybe...”可知,如果学生对一个地区很了解,那么他对空间的估计也会扩大。D项“However,theirestimatesoftraveltimecontractedwithfamiliarity.”与上文内容保持一致,指的是如果学生对一个地区很了解,那么他就会对自己去某个目的地花费的时间做出不精准的估算。故选D项。4.B根据空前内容“Ina2022study...”可知,如果通勤拥挤那么参与者对于时间的估计就会长些。B项“Thatwaslinkedtoitbeinganunpleasantexperience.”解释了为什么如果通勤拥挤,参与者对于时间的估计就会长些。故选B项。5.A根据空后