适用于新高考新教材备战2025届高考英语一轮总复习高考题型组合练Unit1Honestyandresponsibility课件牛津译林版选择性必修第四册

Unit1

HonestyandresponsibilityⅠⅡⅢⅣⅠ.阅读理解AFouTs’ong,aChinese-bornpianistknownforhissensitiveinterpretationsofChopin,DebussyandMozartdiedonMondayatahospitalinLondon,wherehehadlivedformanyyears.Hewas86.ⅠⅡⅢⅣAloverofclassicalmusicfromayoungage,Mr.Foubegantakingpianolessonswhenhewas7.Mr.Foumadehisfirststageappearancein1952.TheconcertcaughttheattentionofofficialsinBeijing,whoselectedhimtocompeteandtourinEasternEurope.Mr.FousoonmovedtoPoland,wherehestudiedatWarsawConservatory(音乐学校)onascholarship.ToprepareforthefifthChopinCompetitioninWarsawin1955,hepracticedsodiligentlythathehurthisfingersandwasnearlycutfromthefirstroundofthecompetition.ⅠⅡⅢⅣMr.FouwasoneofthefirstChinesepianiststoachieveglobalprominencewhenhetookthethirdplaceintheInternationalChopinPianoCompetitioninWarsawin1955.HealsowonaspecialprizeforhisperformanceofChopin’sMazurkas(《玛祖卡舞曲》).Almostovernight,hebecameanationalhero.ToChina,Mr.Fou’srecognitioninawell-knowninternationalcompetitionwasproofthatthecountrycouldstandonitsownartisticallyintheWest.ChinesereportersflockedtointerviewMr.Fou,whilemanyotherssoughtouthisfather,FuLei,foradviceonchild-rearing.ⅠⅡⅢⅣIn1981,avolumeofletterswrittenbyhisfather,primarilytoMr.Fou,waspublishedinChina.Fullofadvice,encouragement,lifeteachingsandstrictpaternallove,thebookFu

Lei’s

Family

Lettersbecameabest-sellerinChina.BesidesinfluencingagenerationofChinese,Mr.Fu’swordsresonated(共鸣)longafterhisdeathwiththepersonforwhomtheywereintended.“Myfatherhadasayingthat‘Firstyoumustbeaperson,thenanartist,andthenamusician,andonlythencanyoubeapianist.’”,Mr.Fouoncerecalledinaninterview.“Evennow,Ibelieveinthisorder—thatitshouldbethiswayandthatIamthisway.”ⅠⅡⅢⅣ【语篇解读】本文是一篇人物传记。文章介绍了在中国出生的钢琴家傅聪。他以其对肖邦、德彪西和莫扎特的敏感诠释而闻名,他的国际知名度为中国艺术在西方赢得了一席之地。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ1.Whatcanbelearnedfromparagraph2?A.FouTs’ongcompetedandtouredinBeijing.B.FouTs’ongfirstperformedonthestageat7.C.FouTs’ongmadegreateffortsforcompetitions.D.FouTs’ongstartedlearningmusicinEasternEurope.√推理判断题。根据第二段中的“To

prepare

for

the

fifth

Chopin

Competition

in

Warsaw

in

1955,he

practiced

so

diligently

that

he

hurt

his

fingers

and

was

nearly

cut

from

the

first

round

of

the

competition.”可知,傅聪先生为比赛付出了很多。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ2.WhydoesFouTs’ong’sglobalrecognitionmeanalottoChina?A.ItearnsChineseartaplaceintheWest.B.ItpromotesthespreadofChineseculture.C.ItprovesChinesepeople’stalentformusic.D.ItenablesChinesearteducationtoberecognized.√细节理解题。根据第三段中的

“To

China,Mr.Fou’s

recognition

in

a

well-known

international

competition

was

proof

that

the

country

could

stand

on

its

own

artistically

in

the

West.”可知,傅聪的国际知名度为中国艺术在西方赢得了一席之地。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inparagraph4referto?A.Mr.Fu’swords.B.YoungChinese.C.FouTs’ongandhisfamily.D.ReadersofFu

Lei’s

Family

Letters.√词义猜测题。根据第四段中的

“Besides

influencing

a

generation

of

Chinese,

Mr.Fu’s

words

resonated

long

after

his

death

with

the

person

for

whom

they

were

intended.”可以看出,除了影响了一代中国人外,傅雷先生的话在他去世后很长一段时间依然能够让听到这些话的人产生共鸣。由此推知,they这个词指的是

his

words,即傅雷先生的话。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ4.WhichofthefollowingagreeswithFuLei’sideasinthelastparagraph?A.Pursuingartisalongandpainfulprocess.B.Itrequiresvariousqualitiestobeapianist.C.Everyoneshoulddevelopaninterestinart.D.Talentisofthegreatestimportanceforapianist.√推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“First

you

must

be

a

person,then

an

artist,

and

then

a

musician,and

only

then

can

you

be

a

pianist.”可知,傅雷先生教儿子傅聪要先成为人,再成为艺术家,再成为音乐家,最后才能成为钢琴家。这表明,傅雷先生认为成为一名钢琴家身上要具备很多品质。ⅠⅡⅢⅣBFarbeloweverytownandcityliesaninvisiblenetworkofpipescrucialtothelivesoftheirresidents.Oncewaterdisappearsdownapipeortoilet,it’soutofsight,outofmind.Thewaterflowsintocontainersthatcarryrainwater,wastewaterandsolidwasteaway.Therearethreemaintypesofsewers(下水道):sanitarysewers,stormsewersandcombinedsewers.Amongthem,sanitarysewersfunctionasacity’sveins(静脉).Watercontaininghumanandindustrialwasteiscollectedinsanitarysewersandcarriedtowastewatertreatmentplants.There,thesolidwasteisseparatedfromthewater,whichisthenpurifiedbeforebeingreleasedbackintotheenvironment.Itwillbereusedforindustrial,ⅠⅡⅢⅣagriculturalorenvironmentalpurposes.Furthermore,thegasfromwatertreatmentcanbeusedtoproduceenergy.Theynotonlycontributetoahealthyenvironmentandgoodqualityoflife,butalsoachievethegoalofsustainabledevelopment.ⅠⅡⅢⅣWhilewastewatercollectionandtreatmentarecriticaltothehealthofurbanresidents,stormsewersalsoplayanimportantrole.Inurbanareas,greenhasgivenwaytoconcrete.Asaconsequence,therehasbeenalossoftheland’snaturalwaterretentionasconcretecannottakeinrainwater.Whenanextremeweathereventcausesheavyrain,stormsewersmustcopewiththewater,soitdoesnotfloodthecity.However,stormsewersareonlypartofthesolutiontowatermanagementandfloodprevention.ⅠⅡⅢⅣToreduceflooding,anintegratedurbanmanagementplanhasbeenadopted,whereallthefactors—stormsewers,landplanningandeconomicdevelopment—areconsideredtogether.Engineeringinnovations,additionalfacilitiesandincreasedgreenspacerequirementsinnewdevelopmentprojectshaveimprovedwaterretentionincities.Sewershelpimproveurbanpublichealth,preventurbanfloodingandboostenvironmentalprotection.Togethertheyprotectvitalwaterresourcesandmaintainthesafetyofpeopleandproperty.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了城市下方看不见的管道网络:下水道。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ5.What’sthefunctionofsanitarysewers?A.Cleaningdirtywater.B.Collectingsolidwaste.C.Deliveringusedwater.D.Producingusefulgas.√细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Water

containing

human

and

industrial

waste

is

collected

in

sanitary

sewers

and

carried

to

wastewater

treatment

plants.”可知,卫生下水道主要用于收集好废水,然后输送到废水处理厂。故选C项。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“retention”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Absorption. B.Treatment.C.Purification. D.Distribution.√词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“In

urban

areas,green

has

given

way

to

concrete.”可知,很多城市绿地被混凝土地面代替;根据第二段画线词后“concrete

cannot

take

in

rainwater”及常识可知,混凝土无法吸收雨水,因此大面积的混凝土地面可能导致土地无法吸收到雨水,从而使自然蓄水量减少。由此推知,画线词retention与absorption意思接近,即“吸收水后储存在土地中”。故选A项。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ7.What’stheauthor’spurposeofwritingparagraph4?A.Toexplainacomplicatedtheory.B.Toprovidesupportingfacts.C.Toraiseimprovedsuggestions.D.Todescribearecentphenomenon.√推理判断题。根据第四段可知,本段从改善城市公共卫生、防止洪水等方面说明了下水道对城市生活有很大的帮助。由此推知,作者写第四段的目的是提供支持性事实。故选B项。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ8.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.UrbanUnseenNetworkB.ModernCity’sManagementC.ExtremeWeather’sSolutionD.Wastewater’sPotentialThreat√标题归纳题。根据第一段中的“Far

below

every

town

and

city

lies

an

invisible

network

of

pipes

crucial

to

the

lives

of

their

residents.”可知,本文主要介绍了城市下方的看不见的管道网络。由此可知,Urban

Unseen

Network适合作本文标题。故选A项。ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅡ.七选五Justbreathe.Soundfamiliar?Whethertryingtodecreasestress,anxiety,andmuscletensionorincreaseourfocus,wearefrequentlyencouragedtobreathe.Thereisagoodreasonforthis,particularlywhenitcomestomuscletensionandpain.

1

Whenwearestressed,ourmusclestense,andthistensioncanincreasepain.Paincanalsocausestress,increasingmuscletensionandcreatingmorepain.Also,itiscommontoholdourbreathwhenwearestressedorinpain.

2

ⅠⅡⅢⅣSo,onehelpfulwaytomanagestressandpainistopracticerelaxingourmusclesandnervoussystemviabreathingexercises.Whileengaginginlongerrelaxationexercisesisbeneficial,practicingbriefexercisesispractical.BreatheSlowlyandRhythmically

3

Imagineyourbreathisawaveintheoceanthatisslowlycomingintoshoreandthenslowlygoingbackintotheocean.Seeifyoucanpracticebreathingslowlyandsteadilyforabouttwotofiveminutes.

ⅠⅡⅢⅣLengthentheExhale(呼)PortionofYourBreathTheexhaleislikeabrakeforournervoussystem,helpingitslowdown.Practicemakingtheexhaleportionofthebreathlongerthantheinhale:Forexample,ifyounaturallyinhaletoacountofthree,practiceslowlyexhalingtoacountoffive.BreathefromYourBelly(腹部)Bellybreathingtendstobethemostrelaxingtypeofbreath.Whenyoubreatheusingyourbelly,youstimulatethevagusnervewhichactivatestherelaxationresponse.

4

Therefore,youfeelateaseandcomfortable.

Itisimportantnottowaituntiltensionandpainincreasetopracticetheseexercises.

5

Sojustslowdownandbreatheon.

ⅠⅡⅢⅣA.Practicebreathinginandoutataslowspeed.B.Unfortunately,doingsoincreasespainandstress.C.Theexhalepartofthebreathisthemostrelaxing.D.Breathingfromyournoseonlyhelpsyoucalmdown.E.Physicalpainandemotionalstressoftengohandinhand.F.Theywillbemosteffectivewhenyouarenotinmuchpain.G.Thiswillreduceyourheartrateandbloodpressureandlowerstress.ⅠⅡⅢⅣ【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了通过练习呼吸来缓解压力和疼痛的方法。1.E

根据下文“When

we

are

stressed,our

muscles

tense,and

this

tension

can

increase

pain.”可知,压力和身体上的疼痛总是相伴而行。E项“Physical

pain

and

emotional

stress

often

go

hand

in

hand.”符合题意。故选E项。2.B

根据上文“Also,it

is

common

to

hold

our

breath

when

we

are

stressed

or

in

pain.”并结合下文介绍通过练习呼吸来缓解压力和疼痛推知,感到压力或疼痛时屏住呼吸这种做法是错误的。B项“Unfortunately,doing

so

increases

pain

and

stress.”符合题意,doing

so指代上文提到的“屏住呼吸”。故选B项。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ3.A

根据小标题“Breathe

Slowly

and

Rhythmically”可知,空处内容应与缓慢而有节奏的呼吸有关。A项“Practice

breathing

in

and

out

at

a

slow

speed.”符合本段主旨。故选A项。4.G

根据上文“When

you

breathe

using

your

belly,you

stimulate

the

vagus

nerve

which

activates

the

relaxation

response.”和下文“Therefore,you

feel

at

ease

and

comfortable.”可知,空处应陈述用腹部呼吸会出现什么现象,从而使人们最终放松下来。G项“This

will

reduce

your

heart

rate

and

blood

pressure

and

lower

stress.”符合题意,This指代上文“用腹部呼吸”这件事。故选G项。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ5.F

根据上文“It

is

important

not

to

wait

until

tension

and

pain

increase

to

practice

these

exercises.”推知,在不太紧张和疼痛时就应该进行这样的练习,这样效果最好。F项“They

will

be

most

effective

when

you

are

not

in

much

pain.”符合题意,选项中的They指代上文these

exercises。故选F项。ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅢ.语法填空Wangdao,abiographicalfilmaboutChenWangdao(1891—1977),wasfirstshownatFudanUniversityonMar.24,2023.“WangDao”isnotonlythenameofChenbutalsomeans1.

(insist)onthepathoftruth.

insistingⅠⅡⅢⅣThefilmfollowsthelifeofChenWangdao.ItshowshowChen2.

(translate)themasterpieceThe

Communist

Manifesto

3.

howagroupofpassionatepeoplestruggledfortheirdreams.It4.

(vivid)presentsasceneinwhichChenwassoabsorbedinhistranslationthathemade5.

amusingmistake.Hismotherputazongziwithabowlcontainingbrownsugaronhisdesk.Momentslater,hislips6.

(cover)inink(墨水)ashehaddipped(蘸)thezongziintohisink.Hismotherjokinglyasked7.

(he)whetherthesugarwassweet,andhesaid,“Yes,itissweetenough.”

translatedandvividlyanwere

coveredhimⅠⅡⅢⅣAt29,Chenfinishedthetranslation,8.

laidthefoundationfortheestablishmentoftheCommunistPartyofChinain1921andinspiredmanypeople9.

(take)partinrevolution(革命).

“Theuniversitydecidedtomakethefilmtopromotethenoblecharacterofourlateheadmaster,ChenWangdao,andwehopehis10.

(pursue)forabrightfutureofChinacancontinuetoinspiretheyoungpeople,”saidQiuXin,PartyChiefofFudanUniversity.

whichto

takepursuitⅠⅡⅢⅣ【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了电影《望道》,该电影讲述了学者陈望道追求真理的一生,展现了他高尚的品格。1.insisting

考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,设空处作means的宾语,用动词-ing形式。故填insisting。2.translated

考查动词的时态。电影中展现的是陈先生的人生,发生在过去,how引导的宾语从句应用一般过去时,故填translated。3.and

考查连词。分析句子可知,前后两个how分别引导名词性从句作shows的宾语,从句之间是并列关系,故填and。4.vividly

考查词性转换。分析句子可知,设空处修饰谓语动词presents,作状语,应用副词形式,故填vividly。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ5.an

考查冠词。分