山东省名校联盟2023-2024学年高一下学期期中检测英语试题(含答案)

山东名校考试联盟2023—2024学年高一年级下学期期中检测英语试题 2024.05本试卷分为第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分，共150分，考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第I卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，可先将答案写在试卷上。录音内容结束后，必须将答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. Whatwillthemandonext?A. Makeexcuses.B. Leavethemuseum.C. Arguewiththewoman.2. Whatisthewomanprobablydoing?A. Takingphotos.B. Stretchingmuscles.C. Examiningapatient.3. Whatdoesthemandislikeaboutthecampingbag?A. Theappearance. B.Thequality. C.Theweight.4. Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthemathmodelingcourse?A.Itdeservespraise. B.It'swellorganized. C.Itneedsimprovement.5. Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Athome. B.Inarestaurant. C.Inasupermarket.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面五段对话或独白。每段对话和独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你都有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Whathappenedtotheman?A.Hehurthisnose.B.Hebrokehisleg.C.Heslippedover.7. Howwillthewomanhelptheman?A.Fixhisbone. B.Coverhisnose.C.Stopthebleeding.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatisthemanprobablydoing?A.Visitingagallery.B.Polishingapainting.C.Readingnewsonline.9. Howdoesthewomansoundaboutthepainting?A.Amazed.B.Thrilled.C.Pitiful.10. WhenwasthefirstexhibitionheldbyDogcasso?A.In2015.B.In2017.C.In2019.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11. Whydidtheschoolintroducethenewdesks?A.Tokeepclassroomlively.B.Tohelpwithschoolwork.C.Tomakestudentsloseweight.12. Whatdothestudentsthinkofthedesks?A.Theyarefunctional.B.Theyareuncomfortable.C.Theyareenergy-consuming.13. Howmanyclassroomshavethenewdesksatpresent?A.65.B.24.C.3.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14. HowdoesChatGPThelpwithJamie'spaperwriting?A.Byofferingopinions.B.Bystructuringoutlines.C.Byprovidinginformation.15.WhattypeofbooksdoesChatGPTlike?A.Romances. B.Sciencefiction.C.Historicalfiction.16.WhatmightDr.Robertbe?A.Awriter. B.Aresearcher.C.Aprogrammer.17. WholikesInterstellarbest?A.Devin.B.Jamie.C.Robert.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18. WhatwilltheweatherbelikeinLondonnextweek?A.Rainy. B.Sunny.C.Foggy.19. Whatdoesthehotelprovideforpeople?A.Toothbrushes. B.Freebreakfast.C.Airportbusservice.20. Whatdoesthespeakerremindthelistenerstodointheend?A.Bringtheirpassports.B.Havefishandchips.C.Wearsunglasses.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AEverthoughtmakingababycryorevenchasingaftercheesewouldbecomeawidelycelebratedfestival?Checkoutthemostunusual,uniquefestivalsfromaroundtheworld.LasBolasdeFuego,ElSalvadorEachyearon31stAugust,residentsofNejapagatheraroundtothrowfireballsinmemoryofthe1658ElPlayonvolcaniceruption.Participantsdividethemselvesintotwoteamstopainttheirfaceslikeskullsandbeginthefestivalbythrowingfireballsateachother*Thoughdangerous9LasBolasdeFuegohasbeenrunningformorethan100yearsnow.Viewing：FreeEntryUnderwaterMusicFestival,FloridaFloridaUnderwaterMusicFestivalheldinJulyhasbeenrunningformorethan25years,welcomingdiversallovertheworldwiththeaimtocreateawarenessforcoralpreservation.Theeventhousesocean-themedsongsstreaminglivefromunderwaterspeakersalongwithmusician-diversplayingoddinstrumentsgivingavisualtreatforall.Participation：TicketedEventBoryeongMudFestival,SouthKorea200kilometresfromSeoul,Boryeongiswidelypopularforitsmudcosmetics（化妆品）.Whatbeganasmarketingeventin1998laterturnedintoafamousfestivalsdrawinginmillionsofvisitorseveryyear.TheannualfestivalheldinJulyrunstendaysstraighthousingaseriesofactivitiessuchasmudpools,mudslidesandmudskiing.Participation：TicketedEventLopburiMonkeyBanquet9ThailandWiththeaimtobringgoodlucktotheareaanditspeople,theLopburiProvincepreparesagrandfeastmadeupof49000kilogramsoffruitsandvegetablesthatfeed2,000-3,000macaquemonkeyseveryyear.Thefestivalfirstoccurredin1989,runbyalocalbusinessmanwhothoughtofthisuniquewaytopaygratitudetomonkeysandalsobringintourismluckilyforhimandthemonkeys,itworked!Viewing：FreeEntry21.HowdopeopleinNejapacelebrateLasBolasdeFuego?A.Bypaintingvolcanoes.B.Bythrowingfireballs.C.Byrunningraces.D.Bymakingfaces.22. WhatisspecialaboutUnderwaterMusicFestival?A.Ithasvariousthemesofmusic.B.Ittreatsvisitorstoseafood.C.Itisheldinthewater.D.Itisfreeofcharge.23.Whatdothelasttwofestivalshaveincommon?A.Theyareheldinautumn.B.Theyboostlocaltourism.C.Theylastforawholeweek.D.Theychargenoentrancefees.BBarbaraSpiecke,nowaresearchscientistattheUniversityofNewHampshire,isdeaf.Asanundergraduate,shewassurroundedbyamixofdeafandhearingcolleagues.Luckily,shecoulduseAmericanSignLanguage(ASL)Englishinterpretersprovidedbytheuniversity.Itwasacrucialsupport,butnotwithoutitschallenges.ASLsignsforcomplicatedscientifictopicsdon'texistorhaven'tyetbeenwidelyadopted.So,duringherpresentation?alargepartofherfocuswasdevotedtosigninginawaythatwasmostlikelytoavoidtranslationerrors.Theresultwasanaccuratebutawkwardpresentation.Spieckerhopesotherdeafscientistswon’thavetogothroughthesamething.So,sheco-foundedanorganization,AtomicHands,in2018tolight“wonderandcuriosity”inSTEM.Shehadagoal：tocreatevideosteachingscientificconceptsusingbothASLsignsandEnglishclosedcaptioning（字幕）.Alongtheway,AtomicHandsandotherorganizationshaveboostedthevisibility（可见度）ofSTEM-relatedsigns,promotingcommunityinvolvementtoimprove,andstandardizethem.SincethefoundationofAtomicHands,anewersetofASLsignsforstatesofmatterthatvisuallyexplaintheconnectionsbetweenthemhasgainedbroaderacceptance.AtomicHandsdidnotcreatethesigns―theycamefromthecommunity—buttheorganizationissharingthemviaitsonlinevideos.Spieckerencouragesotherscientiststoexperimentwithnewsignsandtoofferfeedback,goodandbad.“WhenIteach,IconstantlyremindthemthatthenewsignsIshowthemarenotconcrete,”Spieckersays."Iftheydon'tlikeit,letmeknow,andI'lluseadifferentsign.”Spiecker'sgoalsalsogobeyondASL.Atlastyear'sEcologicalSocietyofAmericaconference,shepresentedalectureonopportunitiestodiversifysciencecommunication,suchasimprovingvirtualaccesstoconferencesorcreatingaudiobooksalongsideprintedproducts.Toooften,shesaid,organizersonlyofferaccommodationswhenitbenefitsthemajority.24. WhattroubledSpieckeasanundergraduate?A. Howtocommunicatewithherdeafcolleagues.B. HowtofindagoodASL-Englishinterpreter.C.Howtounderstandthosecomplicatedtopics.D.Howtomakeherpresentationsgetacross.25. WhatdidSpieckeintendtodowithAtomicHands?A. CreateaccessibleSTEMcontent.B. Promotethequalityofeducation.C.Involvepeopleinscientificresearch.D.InventasignlanguageforSTEMstudy.26. WhatcanbelearnedfromSpiecker’words?A. Sheisopentoadviceonthesigns.B. ShelovesteachingthedeafSTEM.C. Sheisdoubtfulaboutherpresentwork.D. Sheplanstoadoptanewsignlanguage.27. WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeSpiecker?A.Caringandcreative. B.Humorousandambitious.C. Generousandsmart. D.Determinedandproud.CIlovewatchingfootballgamesandcouldn'thelpbutnoticehowmanyfootballerschewgumwhileplaying!Ialwaysthoughtofitasachokingdanger,sowhywouldtheyriskit?Whenwechewsomething,thereceptorsinourmouththatsensetasteandpressurefromthejawmovementsstartfiringandsendingelectricalsignalstothebrain.Theseelectricalnervoussystemsignalsmovetothebrain,whichworkstounderstandthesesignals.Thisaddedbrainactivityplacesthemindinamoreattentivestate,whichiswhyfocusandconcentrationareimproved.Additionally,chewinggumhasbeenreportedtodecreasestressandanxietylevels.Thebrainactivitystimulated（刺激）bychewinggumoccursmainlyintheprefrontalcortex,thefrontpartofthebrainresponsiblefordecision-makingandemotionalregulation.Whenchewinggum,theprefrontalcortexisactivated,leadingtothereleaseofa"feel-good”neurotransmittercalleddopamine（多巴胺）.Dopamineisknowntopromoteasenseofpleasureandreward,helpingtorelievefeelingsofstressandanxiety.Sodoesthismeanthattheharderyouchew,thebetterthefocuslevels?Yes•••toanextent.Chewinghardergumdoesboostattentionmorethansoftergum.Similarly,chewingflavoredgumisbetterforcognitive（认知）functioning,asitactivatesmorereceptorsinthemouththanchewingflavorlessgum.Withlowerstresslevelsandbetterfocus,athleteshavebetterdecision-makingabilitiesinthemiddleofthegame.Italsohelpsthemkeeptheiranxietylevelsincheckduringbiggames.Chewinggumdoesgiveyourbodyalittleboost,liftingupyourspirits.Thatexplainswhyathletespreferchewinggumwhileplayingasport.Butforthesakeofsafety,you'dbetterchewjustonepiecetoreducethechokingrisk.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inparagraph1probablyreferto?A.Chewinggumduringgames.B.Sufferingfromsportsinjuries.C.Swallowinggumforpleasure.D.Chokingwhilewatchinggames.29.Howcanchewinghelpimprovefocus?A.Byaffectingdigestivesystem.B.Byreleasinghighpressure.C.Byaddingmusclestrength.D.Bystimulatingthebrain.30.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Gumprovesahealthysnackforathletes.B.Chewinggumbenefitsmentalhealth.C.Dopaminecontributestobetterfocus.D.Brainactivityhelpsrelieveanxiety.31.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetochewinggum?A.Hopeful. B.Supportive. C.Doubtful. D.Uncaring.DWhenwethinkaboutwhatmakeshumansdifferentfromotheranimals,theword“conscience"oftenappears.Conscienceisthefeelingyougetwhenyouassess(评估)i£you'vedonesomething"correct”or"wrong".Itiswiththehelpofourconsciencethatweunderstandthemoralprincipleswehold.Thismotivatesustoactonthemandthereforehelpsusassessourcharacterandbehavior.Eventually,ithelpsusjudgeourselvesagainstthoseprinciples,intermsofhowwellwefollowthem.Accordingly,youavoidcertaindesires(i.e.9eatinginclass)andfollowthebehaviorthatisconsideredcorrector"right”(payingattentiontowhattheteacheristeaching).Consciousness,ontheotherhand,reflectshowawareyouareofyoursurroundings.Agoodwaytounderstandthisistothinkofthehumanmindasaniceberg,asproposedbyFreud'spsychoanalytictheory.Thepartoftheicebergonthesurfacerepresentsyourconsciousawareness.Itreferstoallthethingsyouareawareofandcaneasilydescribe.Forinstance,rightnow,whilereadingthisarticle,yourconsciousmindishelpingyoumakeconnections.Thedeeperlevelo£theicebergisyourunconsciousmind.Itreferstoaspectsthatyouareunawareof,includingyourfears,violentmotives,andstrongdesiresthatarehardtodescribe.Manyresearchers,likeFreud,proposethatmoralityorconsciencedevelopswhenachildinternalizes（内在化）therulesthattheirparentssetwhenthechildwasgrowingup.However,somepsychologists,likePaulBloom,arguethatmoralityissomethingweareallbornwith.Bloomarguesthatallbabiesarebornwithasenseoffairness.Theclaimcamefromstudiesofadoptedchildrenwithgenes,whoweretwinsandseparatedatbirth.Iftheypossessedthe"gene"tobekind,theywouldcontinuetobekind,despitebeingbroughtupindifferentfamilyenvironments.So,whichopinionistrue?Wetrulydon'tknow.Whilethereismoreevidenceinthestudiesclaimingthatconscienceisdevelopedthroughlearningandsocialization,thenewerideasofitbeinggeneticallyacquiredfrombirthlookpromisingaswell!32. Whatisafunctionofconscience?A.Itmotivatesustoactquickly.E.Itkeepsrecordofourbehavior.C.Itassessesourmoralprinciples.D.Ithelpsustellrightfromwrong.33. Inwhichsituationdoesyourunconsciousmindwork?A.Youapplywhatyoulearntopractice.E.Youappreciatethebeautyofpoetry.C.Youhaveafearofpublicspeaking.D.Youdescribeviolentscenesinabook.34. WhatmayFreudagreewith?A. Genesaffectkids'consciousness.B. Kidsacquireconsciencewithage.C.Geneticstudiespromotehistheory.D.Parentsshouldsetstrictrulesforkids.35. Whatmaybeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.NewtheoryuncoversthesecretofourmindB.Whathelpstellhumanbeingfromanimals?C.Isconsciencegainedatbirthorwithage?D.Consciousnessimprovesourmorallevel第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Inahighlytechnicalworld,thereissomethingquitemagicalaboutthetimelessnessofthepubliclibrary.Andtheimpactandimportanceoflibrariesextendsacrossdecades?centurieseven,datingbackto4thcenturyBCinAthens.36Theyserveascommunitycornerstonesandgivingfreeaccesstobooks,resources,andinformation.AstudybyPewResearchCenterfoundthat94%ofAmericansagreedthathavingapubliclibraryimprovesthequalityoflifeinacommunity,and95%saidthatlibrariesgiveeveryoneachancetosucceedandpromotealoveforreading.37Hereareafewo£thereasonswhytheyaresoimportant.Librariespromoteeducation.Beyondthefreeaccesstobooksandcomputers,manylibrariesalsooffervaluableservicesincludingtutoring,learningcamps,andhomeschoolingresources.ManylibrarieshostSTEAMeventsforkidswheretheygettoexperiencelifeasanastronaut,learningaboutthesolarsystemandworkingtogethertobuildrobotic,space-relatedprojects. 38Librariesbuildasenseofcommunity.39 So,whetheryoujoinamonthlybookcluborreadbooksubmissionsfromlocalauthors,you5rebroadeningyourhorizons,makingconnections,andlearningfromothermembers——oneswhoyoumayhavenevercrossedpathswithotherwise.40Originaldocumentsaredigitizedandmaintainedatlibraries.Thishelpspreservethenation'sculturalheritage,aswellasprovideanopportunitytobetterunderstandothers'pointsofview.I£youevergetthechance,visittheNewYorkPublicLibrarytoexploreitsdatabaseofover1,800newspapers,magazines,andjournals,allpublishedbetween1740and1940.A.Librariespreservehistory.B.Librariesrestorevaluabledocuments.C.Alsotheycanworkwellforhomeschoolingfamilies.D.Buttheimpactofpubliclibrariesisgreaterthanexpected.E.Librariesaregainingpopular让yamongyoungpeopletoday.F.Librariescanbreakdownbarriersandbringpeopletogether.G.Overtime,librarieshavedevelopedintowhatweknowthemastoday.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、E、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。"Howdidyoupublishsomuchasanimmigrant（移民）？” 41Iwasn'tanativeEnglishspeaker,peopleaskedthisquestioncountlesstimesasIinterviewedforjobslastyear.Iknewthattellingmystruggleswasunlikelyto42meajob,soIwouldlaughandsay,"Ienjoywriting!”Butthe43isthatwritingdidnotcomeeasily.FromearlyonIwantedtopursuean44career.ButmyfirstapplicationsforPh.D.programswere45 .AfterlearningIwouldbeastronger46ifIhadsomepublications,Idecidedtopursueaprojectinmyundergraduateprofessor'slab,hopingforpublishablefindings.WhenIhadresultstowriteup,I47towriteawell-structuredresearchpaper.Iwas48thatmyprofessor'srevisionswerelesssignificantthantheyhadbeenonmypaper,highlightingmygrowth.Still,thepaperwasrejected（拒绝）fromthreejournalsandIwasgettingrejectedbymorePh.D.programs.ButIdidn’tgiveup.49 ,ItriedtofocusonwhatIwaslearning：Revisionsandrejectionsareanormalpartofthescientificprocess,andwhat50washowIadaptedandgrewfromthem.Learninghowmyprofessor51writinghelpedmefindmyvoice.Iwentontopublishseveralfirst-authorpapersandgrewmore52 .IfinallydaredtoapplytoPh.D.programsagain,andwasexcitedtogetin.I'msuremany53onmyCVhelpedmewintheplace.AsmyPh.D.programneareditsend,mypublicationrecordmademestandoutandimprovedmyconfidenceduringjob54 .Writinghelpedmegrowfromanuncertainimmigrantfeelinglikea(n) 55inacademia（学术界）toaconfidentresearcherwhosebackgroundisasourceofprideandstrength.41. A. Arguing B.Realizing C.Predicting D. Declaring42. A. show B.teach C.land D. ask43. A. secret E.response C.comment D. truth44. A. original B.unusual C.academic D. impossible45. A. turneddown B.sentin C.givenup D. putoff46. A. applicant Bathlete C.employer D. editor47. A. offered B.happened C.expected D. struggled4& A. pleased B.annoyed C.determined D. worried49. A. Meanwhile B.Instead C.Besides D. Therefore50. A. appeared B.suffered C.mattered D. differed51. A. recorded B.began C.taught D. approached52. A. confident B.anxious C.silent D. honest53. A. scores B.publications C.measures D. recommendations54. A. researches B.titles C.cuts D. interviews55. A. supporter B.overseer C.outsider D. professor 第II卷第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Tianshui,asmalltowninNorthwestChina'sGansuProvince,hasrecentlygainedgreat56______(popular)onChinesemediaforitsspicyhotpot,ormalatang.57asignificantpartoftheHexiCorridor,Gansuhas58________(historical)servedasavitalroadconnectingCentralAsiawithChina'sCentralPlains.ThelocalnorthwesternChinesecuisineprimarily59________(consist)ofboiledorgrilledbeefandmutton,asgreenleafyvegetablesareseldomfoundinGansu.Ifyouwanttofindleafygreens,itisbetterforyou60_________(visit)aSichuanrestaurant.However,thelocalspicyhotpotrestaurantsalsoprovidedinnerswith61_______varietyofvegetables.InplaceslikeTianshui,62_______thecuisinehasbeeninfluencedbySichuantraditions,thehotpot'sflavorisenrichedusingdoubanjiang(beansauce)andSichuanpeppercorns,withapleasantspicysmell63_________(add)tobothmeatandvegetables.64_________(difference)fromSichuancuisine,thesecretsforTianshui'sspicyhotpotcomefromlocalspecialtyingredientsMaijipeppercornsandGanguchilipeppers.Currently,manyspicyhotpotshopshaveevenextendedtheirbusinesshourstoaccommodatethe65________(increase)numberofcustomersfromalloverthecountry.第四部分写作(满分40分)第一节(满分