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针灸保健的历史(Thehistoryofacupunctureandhealthcare)
Longhistoryofacupuncture,healthcareanddiseaseprevention
Normalfontenlargedfont
Preventingdiseaseandpromotinghealthisoneoftheimportant
contentsoftraditionalChinesemedicine.Inthebookof
changesfromeighttoseventhCenturyBC,ithasbeenmentioned
that"thegentlemanisthinkingandsuffering(Yu),andthis
isthetwoword“prevention”,whichfirstappearedinancient
books.Sincethen,thebook"HuainanZi“intheWesternHan
Dynastymoreclearlypointedout:"doctor,curethedisease
oftenpainless,sonodisease”.Showsthattheancients
recognizedthatpreventionofdiseaseisamajormeansofgood
fortune,healthandprolonginglife.Inmoderntimes,withthe
improvementofmaterialcivilization,scienceandtechnology
andtheprogressofsocialthinking,preventivemedicinehas
becomeapreventdisease,promotehealth,improveworkability,
theextensionofhumanlifescience.Ithasaprofoundimpact
ontheentiremedicalscienceandhumanlifequality.The
thoughtofpreventionandhealthcareandtherichexperience
gainedbytheChinesemedicinehavenotonlybeenpaidmuch
attentiontobythepreventionworkersathomeandabroad,but
arealsomakingprogress.
Acupuncture,healthcareanddiseasepreventionisavery
importantpartofthepreventionofChinesemedicine,andit
hasahistoryofmorethantwothousandyearsinourcountry.
EspeciallyfromthemiddleoftwentiethCentury,acupuncture
workersinChinaaremorewidelyusedinthepreventionof
acupuncture.Inrecentthirtyyears,theapplicationof
acupunctureforhealthcarehasbecomefashionablealloverthe
world.Summaryofancientandmodernphysiciansexperiencein
thisregard,revealtheacupuncturehealthanddisease
preventionlaw,topromotetheformationofacupuncture
prevention,enrichmodernpreventivemedicine,forthebenefit
ofal1mankind,willkindnessknowsnobounds.
Ancientsurvey
Theearliestancientliteratureonthepreventionof
acupuncturewastheHuangdineijing.Ithasputforwardtheidea
ofacupunctureanddiseaseprevention,“theworkofthorns,the
absenceoftheliving,“andsecondly,thethornswhoarenot
prosperous......Therefore:onpreventivetreatmentofdisease,
notcuredisease,thissays”.("Lingshu“Nishun?).Meanthat
physiciansalwaysbeforethediseasedidnotoccur,oratthe
onsetofearlyacupuncture,sophysiciansattachedgreat
importancetothepreventionoftheextentofthediseaseis
betterthanthetreatmentofdisease;acupuncturealso
emphasizestheroleofphysicalhealth:"itissofullofGod
havereallyneedlingthepurpose,methodofrepairalsoreally
Road,noncancuredisease",("q?Thornlaw").Insomechapters,
thespecificmethodsofprevention,suchasthetreatmentof
fiveacutefever,thediseasebeforethehair,oftenin
differentpartsofthefacetoappearred,soitneedstobe
“diseaseisnotmade,seethoseredthorn,calledzhiweibing.”
(/ZQ/Zpricklyheat?).Inadditiontotreatingmalaria,itisalso
pointedoutthatacupunctureshouldbedonebeforeitis
developed.Therefore,tosomeextent,NeiJinghaslaidthe
theoreticalfoundationforacupunctureanddiseaseprevention
andhealthcare.
IntheEasternHanDynasty,ZhangZhongjinginheritedthe
thoughtof''governingthefuture"inneijing.Althoughheis
focusingondrugtreatment,butalsorelatestotheprevention
ofacupuncture."GoldenChamber“firstarticleclearlypointed
out:"ifpeoplecankeepcautious,donotmakethewinddryWu
meridians;moderatemeridians,organsthatdidnotspread,
healing.Itfeltheavylimbs,leading,breathing,acupuncture,
massagewithointment,donotmakenineorificesocclusion.
(ZangFu,meridian,disease,pulse,syndromefirst).Stress
shouldbepaidtohealthcareandpreventionatordinarytimes,
andshouldbepreventedintheearlystageoncethedisease
invades.
JinandTangDynasty,emphasisonmoxibustion.Duringthis
period,acupuncture,healthcareanddiseasepreventionhave
beengreatlydeveloped,especiallymoxibustion,whichis
widelyusedinpreventionandhasafar-reachingimpacton
futuregenerations.Theemphasisisonpreventingallkindsof
acutesymptoms.Theseincludethefollowingpoints:
First,stresstherainyday.Oneisthroughsimilartomodern
airdisinfection,preventionofinfectiousdiseases,suchas
“zhouhoubeijifang?2"referredto"closetothefourcorners
ofthebedwithmoxibustion,astrong,topreventmalaria.
Althoughitsactualeffect,yettobeverified,butthisidea
isratherdifficult,canbevaluable.Theotheristheuseof
moxibustionmethodtoincreasetheresistanceofthestrongman,
toachievethepurposeofprevention.SuchasTangSunSimiao
recorded:z,ordinarypeopleWuShutourofficials,thebody
oftenmustbe32moxibustion.”,
Don'tmakeboilstemporarily,isakindofmalariamalariagas
cannotbookpeople”.("Qian2nineteen?").Theprevention,the
doctorsalsonoteshould"source?Fifteen"said:"theland
betweenHeluocold,childrenlikethevulgarconvulsivedisease,
bornthreechildren,orincaseofmoxibustion.Inorderto
preventitscheekandmoxibustion.......Withoutthisdisease,
Jiangdonggeothermal,bothfromancientacupunctureand
moxibustionmethod,thisisnorthandsouthoftheShu,
accordingtoFang,moreharmtochildren"."Acupuncture“means
preventiveacupuncturepoint,isputforwardintheJinDynasty,
firstseenin“fanWang”.
Two,payattentiontocheckerroneousideasattheoutset.Early
activetreatmentisalsooneofthecontentsofprevention.At
thattime,doctorsusuallyclaiminprevention,butalsopay
attentiontoatthebeginningofthedisease,beforesymptoms
appeared,withacupuncturemethodoftruncationofillness,
deathinthebud.Suchas“primarydiseasessuchasmicro,many
peopledonotthinkthisisurgent,buttheoddpatientsshould
immediatelyrule,theruleisnotfast,Illputout"("QianJin
YiFang?Volumethirteen").Earlyprevention,notonlyhas
obviouseffect,theprognosisisgood,''emergency
prescriptions?Vol.seven"mentionedin"awindpoison,tomake
peopledonotbecomesick,begantofeelthatthemoxibustion
three,twentystrong,sothatmore,alsodoesnothavea
relapse”.Itshouldbepointedoutthat,inthisperiod,
althoughdiseasepreventionfocusedonmoxibustion,butalso
referredtoacupuncture,oracupunctureandmoxibustion
combination.Inthecaseofstroke,emergency"Prescriptions”
isreferredto“butthewindshouldpreventearneedle,ear
arteryandFengfuGodgood"needlingmethodandprevention;the
“acutediseaseisthehusbanddiedatthebeginningofaslight
wind,peoplehavenotrealized,andthespeedshouldbe
continuedlifeinthesoup,moxibustionmoxibustionacupoint”
combinationmethod.Althoughtherearemanyliteraturesabout
healthpreservingintheJinandTangDynasties,thecontent
ofacupunctureandmoxibustionisnotenough."OldTangbook”
waspublishedinmorethan80yearsLiuofbriskwalking,its
useistheartofhealthmoxibustionQihaiLaw:"Iearlywithout
surgery,butalsoforthevitalitywithjoyandanger,Qihai
normalear”.Emergencyprescriptions"mentionedmoxibustion
gaohuangacupuncturepointcanachievehealtheffect:"thisis
YangKangShengandmoxibustion”.Waitaimiyao?Vol.
thirty-nine“alsointroducedmoxibustionthreepointsto
preventpresbyopia,“morethanthirtyyearsinthethreepeople,
ifnottothepopularityofmoxibustion,darkeyes,andthus
delayaging.
AftertheSongDynasty,acupuncture,healthcareanddisease
prevention,especiallyinacupunctureandhealthcare,have
maderemarkableprogress:
First,moxibustionhasbecomethemainmethodofhealthcare.
AccordingtothetheoryoftraditionalChinesemedicine,
moxibustionwithwarmingyangtodispelthecold,theelement
ofpower,coupledwithlowpriceandeasymoxibustion,
moxibustionissimpletooperate,whichmakesmoxibustion
popularized,becomeeffectiveandeconomicalmeanstoprolong
life.LiChanintheMingDynasty?''Introductiontomedicine”
ismentioned:"everyyear,thesteamingtime,strongvitality,
allkindsofstudents",and"longevity”.Inordertoverifythe
actualclinicaleffectofacupunctureandmoxibustion,some
doctorshavedonetheirownexperiments.SuchasWangZhizhong
inSongDynasty?AcupunctureandMoxibustion“inthe
description:"isbothnottolikemyinstinctwithvitality,
ifwhenthetemperatureismoxibustionQihai,then.Totheold
andsick,oftenfearshortnessofbreath,doctorswhoteach
moxibustionQihai,gashasnopromotion,sinceeveryoneortwo
yearsistobemoxibustion”.Another,suchassinusmaterial,
sincetheageof50,z/oftenmoxibustionGuanyuanfivehundred
strong","thengetoldhealth”(BianQueheartBookroll).In
themoxibustionoperation,varietyofmoxibustion,including
simplemoxibustion(ordirectmoxibustionmoxibustion),smoked
moxibustion(similartomodernmoxibustion)etc..Thereisa
stool“moxibustion,acupunctureandmoxibustion?Vol.three”:
“theold,oldpeopleandYanislikeachild,everyyeartocover
astrongfecalnavelis."Thestrongnumberofhealthcare
moxibustionisgenerallyconsideredtoberelatedtoage,such
as"peopletothirty”.Canbethreeyears,moxibustionnavel
threehundredstrong;fiftycanbetwoyearsamoxibustionnavel
threehundredstrong;sixtycanbeayearmoxibustionnavel
threehundredstrong(BianQuenewbookvolume).Also,as
mentionedabove,aquarterlyincreaseinthenumberofstrong
canbelessthanastrong.AcupointsmoxibustiononShenque,
Qihai,withGuanYuan,Zusanli,gaohuangacupunctureismost
commonlyused.
Two,acupunctureanddiseasepreventionmethodsarebecoming
moreandmorecomplete.Stilltakestrokepreventionasan
example,
Withthegradualdeepeningoftheunderstandingoftheetiology
andpathogenesisofstrokeinancientphysicians,themethod
ofpreventionwasalsoimproved.InSongDynasty,WangZhizhong
proposed:"threemoxibustionbone,andsoon,wheneverthe
springandAutumnperiod,oftenwithmoxibustiondiscouraged,
knownasthewindcanprotecttheYu"("acupunctureand
moxibustionIV?").IntheYuanDynasty,s,'treasureofhealth
care”,accordingtothedifferencebetweenthevisceraandthe
viscera,thelawofpreventionandtreatmentwasputforward
respectively:"everyfeelingofhandfootandfootparalysis
orpainhaslongbeenthetimeofthisorgan.",.....Ifthe
diseaseisontheleft,themoxibustionwillberight,thesick
rightwillbemoxibustionleft.Whofeeltheheartsofthe
troubledmentalstateisnotchaos,Yi,orfootparalysis,the
dirtywhenthereiswindandgas,eventhesevenacupoints
moxibustion(ofBaihuiandDazhuiandFengchi,etc.一author)”.
TotheMingDynasty?YangJizhou,furthersummarized,inhis
“greatcompendiumofacupunctureandmoxibustiontocure
disease?”firstpointedouttheneedtocombinemoxibustion
medicine:"butnotstroke,oneortwomonthsorthreeorfour
monthsago,fromtimetotimelegonsourheavylinen,fora
longtimethiswillstrokecalcite,whencheapanxiousinthree,
juegumoxibustionaroundthreestrong,withrawonion,mint,
peachleafDecoction”;secondly,emphasisonpreventionof
leachingmoxibustiontime;"suchasspring/summer,summer
Jiaoqiu,allshouldbe"Moxibustion”,oftenmaketwofootsore
aswell”;finallyalsocallsattentiontodietanddailylife,
soastoachievebetterpreventionpurpose,otherwise,“but
peopledon'tbelievethis,improperdiet,excessivewine,
suddenlydiedofstroke”.Theactualeffectofmoxibustionon
bonesandZusanlionpreventionofstrokehasbeenaffirmedby
theverificationofmodernphysicians.
Inthisperiod,theconceptofacupuncture,healthcareand
diseasepreventionhasbeenacceptedbymoreandmoredoctors.
ThefamousMingDynastyacupuncturehighWusaid:"nodisease
beforeacupuncture,andalsonotinverse,welcome"("volume
three“acupunctureJuying?),isavividsummary.
Modernprogress
Acupuncture,healthcare,prevention,hasmaderapidprogress
inmoderntimes.InearlytwentiethCentury20,30s,Japanput
moxibustionasauniversalhealthpromotionmeasures.In1937,
fromthenewyear,sday,Japanhassetupanationwide
moxibustioncampaignforZusanli,soastostrengthenthe
nationalconstitution.Theycalledthemoxibustionmoxibustion
health,willexerciseitasamajoreventinayear.Andnot
popularwithmoxibustionatZusanlipointpeopletravel'this
proverb.Acupunctureanddiseasepreventionandhealthcare
workhasbeencarriedoutextensivelyinourcountry,about50
andtwentiethCentury60s.Theearlyfocuswasonacupuncture
anddiseaseprevention,withvariousacuteinfectiousdiseases.
Moreandmoreattentionhasbeenpaidtoacupunctureand
moxibustioninthepast30years.Meanwhile,thecontentof
preventionhasgraduallyshiftedtochronicnoncommunicable
diseasessuchasheartandcerebrovasculardiseases.Itshould
bepointedoutthatwiththeupsurgeofacupunctureinwestern
countriessuchasEuropeandtheUnitedStatesintheearly70s,
acupunctureandmoxibustionhasmaderemarkableprogressinthe
world.Themoderngeneralsituationisdescribedasfollows.
-increasingdiseasepreventionbyAcupunctureandmoxibustion.
Accordingtoourroughstatistics,nearly50yearsofpublished
documents,acupuncturepreventionofdiseasesinvolving
internal,external,female,children,facialfeaturesand
otherclinicaldepartments.Boththeacuteinfectiousdisease
ofinfluenza,meningitis,poliomyelitis,acutebacillary
dysentery,malariaandother,butalsotoacertainextent,
preventorreducestroke,coronaryheartdisease,shock,
tetanusandothercriticalillness,andthesurgicalinfection,
transfusionreaction,artificialabortionsyndromeof
postpartumhemorrhage,acutesymptomsalsohaveapreventive
effectgood.Inrecentyears,acupuncturehasalsobeenused
topreventthetoxiceffectsofcancerchemotherapy.Athletic
syndromeisanewdiseaseinrecentyears,whichisprevented
byacupuncture,especiallyfortheexaminationroomsyndrome.
Recently,acupuncturebecameanimportantpreventivemeasure
afterthesuddenoutbreakofanewepidemicofatypicalsexually
transmitteddiseases.
Two,acupunctureandhealthcareprogramscontinuetoexpand.
Withtherapiddevelopmentofmodernscienceandtechnology,
materialandspirituallife,healthpromotionandlongevity
havebecomemoreandmorepopular.Acupuncturetherapy,which
iseconomical,simpleandwithoutanysideeffects,has
receivedagreatdealofattention.Basedonthemethodof
moxibustiononthefitnessofancient,modernhealthcareboth
incontentandacupunctureandmoxibustionitself,
Therehasbeenagreatdevelopment.Itcanbeusednotonlyfor
preventionofmoxibustion,someelderlypatients,andisused
foranti-aging.Inrecentyears,suchasusefulAcupoint
MoxibustionInstrumenttoimprovetheelderlyhealthcare
acupointirradiation,immunefunction.Itisworthmentioning
thattheJapanesedoctorsalsoattachesgreatimportanceto
healthcaremoxibustioninclinicalpracticetodevelopand
advocate:Seventeen,eightyearsoldtopreventcoldsand
moxibustionchoke,pulmonarytuberculosis;attheageoffive
totwenty-four,moxibustionSanyinjiao,promotethehealthy
developmentofthereproductivesystem;thirtytofortyyears
oldofmoxibustionatZusanlipoint,preventaginganddisease
preventiontheelderly;moxibustionQuchi,inordertomake
solidteeth,eyesbright,normalbloodpressureetc..Health
careistocreategoodphysicalandmentalconditionsforhuman
beingsandimprovethequalityofhumanlife.Basedonthis,
acupuncturetoquitsmoking,loseweight,beautyandeliminate
fatigueandotherhealthprojectsinrecentyearshaveemerged.
Especiallybecauseofdrugabuse,notonlyinourcountrydregs,
butalsobecomeseriousproblemsworldwide,acupuncture
treatmenthasattractedwideattention,theprojecthasnot
beenrecordedinancientliterature,alsoisthefirstandmost
othercountriesintheworldtocarryouttogether.Frommid
1970s,hasproducedmethodformsincludingbodyacupuncture,
earacupuncture,laseracupuncture,acupuncture,acupoint
injection,andalsofoundalotofeffectiveacupoints.The
scopeofacupunctureandhealthcareisstillexpanding.
Three,payattentiontotheeffectofrepeatedverification.
Anotherimportantprogressofmodernacupunctureand
moxibustionpreventionandtreatmentistomakealargenumber
ofcontrolledobservationsonitsclinicaleffectstoconfirm
itsreliability.Therearethreegeneralmethods:oneistoset
upacontrolgrouptocompare.Thisworkhasbeencarriedout
inthe50and60soflastcentury.Whenacupuncturewasused
topreventinfluenza,acomparisonofdifferentdrugprevention
groupswasconducted,andtheresultsshowedthatacupuncture
wassuperiortosomeWesternmedicinesinprevention.Twois
throughlong-termaccumulationofalargenumberofcasesto
provethattheeffectisindeed.Suchasacupuncture,
preventionofinflammation,observationofmorethanseven
thousandcases,foundthataslongasthebodyfunctionofthe
preventivereactionisstillacceptable,youcanachievethe
roleofdiseaseprevention.Theotherasmeningitis,areported
observationofsixthousandcasesofatotalofmorethan20000
peopleintheacupunctureprevention.Three,throughmore
rigorousscientificdesignobservation,suchasacupuncture,
smokingcessation,singleblindtreatment,acupuncture
cessationsuccess,althoughtherearecertainpsychological
factors,moreimportantly,relyonphysiologicalfactors.
Four,trytoexplorethemechanismofprevention.Inthis
respect,wehavedonemoreworkinrecentyearsandhavedone
better.Maybedividedintotwocategories,oneisbasedonthe
establishmentofmorereliablelaboratoryindicators.Suchas
acupunctureandstr
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