2021年高考英语一轮总复习必修5 Unit 3 Life in the future-B卷

必修5Unit3Lifeinthefuture（B卷）滚动提升检测(全卷共四大题，满分100分。请在40分钟内完成)班级____________学号____________姓名____________得分____________一、阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)AWhatwillmanbelikeinthefuture—in5000oreven50000yearsfromnow?Wecanonlymakeaguess,ofcourse,butwecanbesurethathewillbedifferentfromwhatheistoday.Formanisslowlychangingallthetime.Letustakeanobviousexample.Man,evenfivehundredyearsago,wasshorterthanheistoday.Now,onaverage,menareaboutthreeinchestaller.Fivehundredyearsisarelativelyshortperiodoftime,sowemayassumethatmanwillcontinuetogrowtaller.Again,inthemodernworldweuseourbrainsagreatdeal.Evenso,westillmakeuseofonlyabout20%ofthebrain’scapacity(容量).Astimegoeson,however,weshallhavetouseourbrainsmoreandmore,andeventuallyweshallneedlargerones.Thisislikelytobringaboutaphysicalchangetothehead,inparticulartheforehead,willgrowlarger.Nowadaysoureyesareinconstantuse.Infact,weusethemsomuchthatveryoftentheybecomeweakerandwehavetowearglasses.Butoververylongperiodoftimeitislikelythatman’seyeswillgrowstronger.Ontheotherhand,wetendtomakelessuseofourarmsandlegs.These,asaresult,arelikelytogrowweaker.Atthesametime,however,ourfingerswillgrowmoresensitivebecausetheyareusedagreatdealinmodernlife.Butwhatabouthair?Itwillprobablydisappearfromthebodyaltogetherincourseoftimebecauseitdoesnotserveausefulpurposeanylonger.Inthefuture,then,bothsexesarelikelytobebald.Perhapsallthisgivestheimpressionthatfuturemanwillnotbeaveryattractivecreaturetolookat.Thismaywellbetrue.Allthesame,inspiteofallthesechanges,futuremanwillstillhavealotincommonwithus.Hewillstillbeahumanbeing,withthoughtsandemotionssimilartoourown.1.Thepassagemainlytellsusthat_________.A.man’slifewillbedifferentinthefutureB.futuremanwilllookquitedifferentfromusC.manisgrowingtalleranduglierastimepassesD.thefunctionsofman’sorganswillweaken2.Whatservesastheevidencethatmanischanging?A.Manhasgotstrongereyesnowthanheeverhad.B.Man’shairisgettingthinnerandthinner.C.Man’sarmsandlegshavebecomelighterandweaker.D.Manhasbeengrowingtalleroverthepast500years.3.Thechangeinman’ssizeofforeheadisprobablybecause_________.A.hemakesuseonly20%ofthebrain’scapacityB.hisbrainhasgrownlargeroverthepastcenturiesC.theother80%ofhisbrainwillgrowinduetimeD.hewillusehisbrainmoreandmoreastimegoeson4.Whatistrueaboutahumanbeinginthefuture?A.Heishairlessbecausehairisnolongeruseful.B.Hehassmallereyesandwearsbetterglasses.C.Hisfingerswillbeweakerashedoesn’tusethem.D.Hethinksandfeelsindifferentway.5.Whatmaybeimpliedfromthepassage?A.humanbeingswillbecomelessattractiveinthefuture.B.lessuseofabodilyorganmayleadtoitsdegeneration.C.humanbeingshopeforachangeinthefuturelife.D.futurelifeisalwayspredictable.[助读词汇]degenerationn.退化assumevt.假定；臆断sensitiveadj.敏感的relativelyadv.相对地foreheadn.前额baldadj.秃头的bringabout导致inparticular尤其；特别inconstantuse一直在使用tendto趋向incourseoftime终有一天bothsexes两性BImagineputtingaseedinafreezer,waiting30,000years,andthentakingtheseedoutandplantingit.Doyouthinkaflowerwouldgrow?Amazingly,scientistshavejustmanagedtodosomethingverysimilar.TheyfoundthefruitofanancientplantthathadbeenfrozenundergroundinSiberia—aregioncoveringcentralandeasternRussia—forabout31,800years.Usingpiecesofthefruit,thescientistsgrewplantsinalab.Thenewbloomshavedelicatewhitepetals(花瓣).Theyarealsotheoldestfloweringplantsthatresearchershaveeverrevivedfromadeepfreeze.“Thisislikeregeneratingadinosaurfromtissuesofanancientegg,”saidUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngelesbiologistJaneShen-Miller.Theplanthasalonghistory.Backwhenmammoths(猛犸象)andwoollyrhinoceroses(犀牛)walkedtheland,anArcticgroundsquirrelburiedseedsandfruitsinanundergroundchamberneartheKolymaRiverinnortheasternSiberia.Thegroundbecamepermafrost(永久冻土),alayerofsoilthatstaysfrozenforalongtime.Recently,Russianscientistsdugouttheoldsquirrelholeandfoundtheplantremains38metersbelowthesurface.Backatthelab,theteamfednutrientstotissuefromthreeofthefruitstogrowshoots.Thenthescientiststransferredtheshootstopotsfilledwithsoil.Theplantsproducedseedsthatcouldbeusedtogrowevenmoreofthem.It’simportantforscientiststoknowthatplanttissuescanstillberevivedafterbeingfrozenforalongtime.That’sbecausemanyresearchersaretryingtopreservetheseedsofmodernplantsbyfreezingthemandthenstoringthemingiantlockersatvariousspotsaroundtheglobe.Onesuchendeavor(努力),anundergroundfacilityinNorway,iscalledtheSvalbardGlobalSeedVault.Itstoreshundredsofthousandsoffrozenseeds.Ifaplantevergoesextinct,scientistscouldbringitbackbytakingitsseedsfromtheSvalbardorotherstoragelockers.“Nooneknowshowlongtheyareabletolivefor,butfreezingisbasicallytheformatformanyplantconservationattemptsnowadays.”Shen-Millersaid.It’sagoodthingthatatleastsomeplantsaretoughenoughtosurvivetheexperience.1.Howdidthefruitoriginallygetunderground?A.Itwasplacedtherebyananimal.B.Itwastrappedthereduringtheice-age.C.Itwasplantedtherebyancientfarmers.D.Itwasburiedthereaftertheearthquake.2.WhichofthefollowingwasNOTusedtorecreatetheancientplant?A.Modernnutrients. B.Partsofitsfruit.C.Itsfrozenseeds. D.Plantpotswithsoil.3.Whyarescientistsinterestedinthisdiscovery?A.Ithelpsthemlearnhowplantlifehaschangedinthepast30,000years.B.Itcanhelpguidefutureeffortstoprotectendangeredplant-life.C.Itcanprovidedirectionsforwheretolookforotherancientplants.D.Itprovesthatallplantlifecansurviveforthousandsofyearswhenfrozen.4.Theunderlinedword“they”inthelastparagraphrefersto_______.A.plants B.seeds C.scientists D.storagelockers5.Thepurposeofthepassageisto_______.A.discussaplantconservationeffortB.introducesomeancientplantsC.outlinesomecausesofglobalwarmingD.describeascientificresearchproject[助读词汇]seedn.种子freezern.冷冻库bloomn.花delicateadj.精美的revivevt.使复活regeneratevt.使再生tissuen.组织squirreln.松鼠shootn.新芽；嫩芽formatn.格式；方式toughadj.坚韧的storagelocker储藏库anundergroundchamber地下洞二、完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)Thelandaccountsforonly29%oftheearth’ssurface.The1isthevastocean,accountingforaround71%.Whenthelandbecomestoo2,wemayonedaymovetothe3.Canyou4travelingtoworkinaone-mansubmarine(潜水艇)?Somescientistsbelievethatsomedayone-man5willbeasmanyasautomobilesaretoday.AfamousFrenchdriversays,“Onedaysoon,menwillwalkonthe6floorastheydoonthe7!”Perhapsduringyourlifetimepeoplewilltravel,8andliveinthesea.Ifhumanbeingswanttoliveintheocean,manyhuman9willneedtobestudiedfirst.Someoftheseproblems,10tothoseoflivinginouterspace,are11,lackofoxygenandweightlessness.Manyquestionsarestill12.Forexample,canourbloodmakeitself13forunderwatersurroundings?Whatwillhappentoourmuscleifweliveinthe14verylong?Scientistsarelookingfor15.Perhapsinthefuturemanwillliveinthesea,awayfromthe16andnoisycitiesonland.Thenseahasplentyof17,notonlyforfloatingliving18andparks,butalsoforstoringsuppliesandforunderwatertravel.Somescientistsbelievethatoceanlivingwill19maninmorethanphysicalways.Inthefreedomandbeautyofthedeepsea,manmayevenfindnew20ofjoy.Let’swaitandseeandlookforwardtotheday.1.A.partB.endC.restD.lack2.A.crowdedB.largeC.splendidD.dark3.A.skyB.spaceC.seaD.bottom4.A.supposeB.imagineC.avoidD.adapt5.A.transports B.bicycles C.spaceships D.submarines6.A.land B.capsule C.ocean D.continent7.A.earth B.street C.desert D.carriage8.A.work B.guide C.tolerate D.adjust9.A.aspects B.problems C.surroundings D.settlements10.A.different B.optimistic C.efficient D.similar11.A.impressionB.tolerance C.pressure D.motivation12.A.unexpectedB.unansweredC.unseen D.unadjusted13.A.fit B.effectiveC.movable D.smooth14.A.water B.space C.mud D.ecology15.A.materialsB.mysteries C.answers D.disposals16.A.loud B.comfortable C.enormous D.crowded17.A.sea B.space C.air D.sand18.A.buildingsB.goods C.conditions D.combinations19.A.destroy B.swallow C.exhaust D.benefit20.A.impressionsB.situationsC.approachesD.sources[助读词汇]oxygenn.氧气musclen.肌肉floatingadj.漂浮的physicaladj.身体的sourcen.来源automobilen.汽车weightlessnessn.失重storesupplies储存物资三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)Oneevening,Icameacrossoneofson’spaperswithafailinggrade.Ialmoststartedtoyellhisname____1____Isuddenlyrememberedhewasinbedasleep.Itwashis____2____(nine)yearofschoolandhisacademiccareerseemedtobeinruins,soIwasangry.ButIputthepaperasideandturnedtothe____3____one,atthetopofwhichwerewritten“Mydad”.Itwasapoemaboutme,____4____includedthetimeIhadtoleaveworktotakehimtothehospitalbecausehe____5____(break)hisfinger.SocarelesswasI____6____Ihadforgottenallaboutthat.HetalkedabouthowIwrestledwithhimintheeveningsand____7____goodmanyotherthings.Thatpaperwassuddenlynotnearlyasimportantasithadbeenafewminutes____8____.Idon’tknowifheplantedthepoemnexttothefailinggradeto____9____(soft)theblow,butitworked.Insteadofaseverelecture,Italkedtohimaboutthepoemaswellasthefailedhomework,anditbegantomakesensetomethatIcouldincludepraisealong____10____constructivecriticism.[助读词汇]yellvt.叫喊；大喊wrestlevi.摔跤plantvt.放（=place）blown.打击severeadj.严厉的praisen.表扬afailinggrade不及格分数academiccareer学习生涯makesense有道理constructivecriticism建设性批评四、短文改错（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Mymotherland,China,whichcapitalisBeijing,isagreatcountrywithalonghistoryandrichculture.ItwaslocatedintheeastofAsia,withtheareaof9,600,000squarekilometersandapopulationof1.4billion.Ourcountryconsistsin56nationalities,amongwhichtheHanEthinicGroupisthelargest,makesup94%ofthepeople.TherearemanybeautifulmountainsandriversaswellrichnaturalresourcesinChina.Asweallknow,theYangtzeRiveristhethreelongestriverintheworld,andtheGreatWallisoneofthesevenwonderintheworld.TheChinesepeoplearehard-workingandbraver.GreatchangeshavebeentakenplaceinChinainthepast20years.必修5Unit3Lifeinthefuture（B卷）滚动提升检测参考答案一、阅读理解(A)本文主要介绍未来人类的外貌变化。1.B主旨大意题。根据文章第一段的…butwecanbesurethathewillbedifferentfromwhatheistoday.可知答案选B。A项与文章中心不符；C项不具备概括性；D项器官功能衰退不能概括未来人类身体的变化。2.D事实细节题。文章第二段的第二句Man,evenfivehundredyearsago,wasshorterthanheistoday.便是人类外貌逐渐变化的依据。而A、B、C均是人类未来的变化趋势，而不是人类变化的证据。3.D事实细节题。根据文章第三段Astimegoeson,however,weshallhavetouseourbrainsmoreandmore…needlargerones.…inparticulartheforehead,willgrowlarger.不难知道选D。4.A事实细节题。根据文章倒数第二段Itwillprobablydisappearfromthebodyaltogetherincourseoftimebecauseitdoesnotserveausefulpurposeanylonger.可推知A项正确。其他选项均与文意不符或歪曲文意。从第四段man’seyeswillgrowstronger可知B错误；根据倒数第三段ourfingerswillgrowmoresensitivebecausetheyareusedagreatdealinmodernlife.可知C不正确；再由文章最后一句…withthoughtsandemotionssimilartoourown.可知D也不正确。因此选A。5.B推理判断题。从文章第三段至第六段人类身体变化可以看出，经常使用的器官部位，如大脑、眼睛、手指将变得发达。而不常用的器官会退化。故选B合适。A项在文章最后一段futuremanwillnotbeaveryattractivecreature直接提到，不能算作推理判断。C和D无法从原文中推断出来。(切记：推理判断题不能是文章的直接细节或事实，必须是根据文章的信息推理出来的结论。了解这个规律对于提高阅读理解的命中率有很大的促进作用)(B)想象一下在冰箱里放一粒种子，等上几万年，然后将种子拿出开始培育它，你相信它还能开花吗？本文告诉你科学家开始着手进行类似的事。1.A事实细节题。根据第四段Backwhenmammothsandwoollyrhinoceroseswalkedtheland,anArcticgroundsquirrelburiedseedsandfruitsinanundergroundchamberneartheKolymaRiverinnortheasternSiberia.可知答案是A。2.C事实细节题。根据第五段Backatthelab,theteamfednutrientstotissuefromthreeofthefruitstogrowshoots.Thenthescientiststransferredtheshootstopotsfilledwithsoil.故只有C.Itsfrozenseed不是用来再创建这古代的植物。3.B推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可以看出：科学家建立种子库是为了将来能够将灭绝的植物恢复过来，故选B。4.B猜测词义题。根据语境这里的they指代的上文提到的seeds。5.D推理判断题。全文告诉读者科学家在研究将种子储存起来以保护濒临灭绝的植物，故文章的目的是介绍一个科研项目。二、完形填空科学家预言，在未来人类将远离城市生活在海底，但还有很多问题有待解决。1.C由空后的isthevastocean可知此处是指“剩余的是广阔的海洋”。故选C。2.A根据后面的wemayonedaymoveto可知，既然要搬到其他地方，那肯定是因为地球太拥挤了。故选A。3.C由下文可知，人类是要搬到海洋去生活。故选C。4.B由下文对未来的生活的种种想象可知，此题选B。5.D根据首句的travelingtoworkinaone-mansubmarine可知选D。属于原词复现。6.C从第二段的首句Ifhumanbeingswanttoliveintheocean可知。属于原词复现。整篇文章的主要内容就是讲未来人类将生活在海洋底下。故选C最符合语境和文意。7.B根据文意可知，此处是进行对比，oceanfloor对应street。故选B。8.A斟酌四个选项和生活常识可知，此处选A合适。travel,workand