西医综合内科学试题15

西医综合-内科学T5

(总分:100.00,做题时间：90分钟)

一、SectionIUseofEnglish(总题数：1,分数：10.00)

Ourape-menforefathershadnoobviousnaturalweaponsinthestrugglefor(1)intheopen.

Theyhadneitherthepowerfulteethnorthestrongclawsofthebigcats.Theycouldnot(2)

withthebear,whosestrength,speedandclaws(3)animpressive"smallfire"weaponry.

Theycouldnotevendefendthemselves(4)runningswiftly1ikethehorses,zebrasorsmal1

animals.Iftheape-menhadattemptedtocompeteonthosetermsintheopen,theywouldhave

been(5)tofailureandextinction.Buttheywere(6)withenormousconcealedadvantagesof

akindnotpossessedbyanyoftheircompetitors.

Inthesearch(7)thepickingsoftheforest,theape-menhad⑻efficientstereoscopic

visionandasenseofcolorthattheanimalsofthegrasslandsdidnot(9).Theabi1ityto

seeclearlyatcloserangepermittedtheape-mentostudypracticalproblemsinawaythat

layfar(10)thereachoftheoriginalinhabitantsofthegrassland.Goodlong-distance

sightwas(11)anothermatter.Lackoflong-distancevisionhadnotbeenaproblemfor

forest-dwellingapesandmonkeysbecausethe(12)theviewpoint,thegreatertherangeof

sight-so(13)theyhadhadtodowasclimbatree.Outintheopen,however,thissimple

solutionwasnot(14).Climbingahi11wou1dhavehelped,butinmanyplacesthegroundwas

flat.Theape-men(15)theonlypossiblesolution.Theyrearedupashighaspossibleon

theirhindlimbsandbegantowalk(16).Thisvitalchangeofphysicalpositionbrought

aboutconsiderabledisadvantages.Itwasextremelyunstableanditmeantthatthealready

slowape-menbecame(17)still.(18),theyperseveredandtheirbonestructuregradually

became(19)tothenew,unstablepositionthat(20)themthenameHomoerectus,uprightman.

(分数：10.00)

(1).[A]survival[B]hunting[C]security[D]inhabitance(分数:0.50)

A.V

B.

C.

D.

解析：选项分别是生存，打猎，安全和住所。本段后面部分的主要内容是其他动物在自然界的优势，而人

类的祖先处于劣势地位，因此他们必须为生存而斗争，故选A。

(2).[A]match[B]compare[C]rival[D]equal(分数：0.50)

A.J

B.

C.

D.

解析：rival意为“与...相匹敌；比得上”，常用的搭配是rivalsb./sth.for/insth.；equal意

为“比得上，和……相等”，做动词时是及物动词；match意为“和……相配；和……相称"，常用搭

配为matchwith,意为“与...相匹敌”；compare意为“比较；对照“，常用的搭配有compare

with,意为“与……相比较”。这里是说“他们无法与熊相比”，故根据句意和搭配，答案应选A。

(3).[A]became[B]equipped[C]posed[D]provided(分数：0.50)

A.

B.

C.

D.J

解析：became意为"成为：变为"：equipped意为“装备”，常用于beequippedwith或equip

sb.withsth.；posed意为“摆好姿势;造成“；provided意为“供给，提供”。这里是说熊的力量、

速度和爪子为自身提供了很好的武器，故选项D最符合题意。

（4）.[A]in[B]upon[C]by[D]with（分数：0.50）

A.

B.

C.J

D.

解析：defend…bydoingsth.中的by表示方式、手段，意为“通过（做某事）”,后一般接动名词。这

里是说“它们不能像马、斑马或其他小动物一样通过快速地奔跑来保护自己”。

（5）.[A]driven[B]doomed[C]forced[D]led（分数：0.50）

A.

B.J

C.

D.

解析：bedoomedtosth.（一一般为death,failure等一类的词）表示“注定..."obedrivento后常

接madness,soi'row等一类的词。leadto一般为主动式。这里是说“他们早就注定失败、灭绝了”，故

答案选B。

（6）.[A]bestowed[B]given[C]presented[D]endowed（分数：0.50）

A.

B.

C.

D.J

解析：bestow表示"赠给"，常与on或upon搭配；give一般与to搭配；present表示"赠予"时一般

与with搭配；endow表示“天生具有，赋予"，一般用被动式，与with搭配。本句意为“他们却拥有其

他任何竞争者所不具有的某种巨大而隐蔽的优势”，故答案选D。

（7）.[A]for[B]of[C]on[D]at（分数：0.50）

A.

B.V

C.

D.

解析：inthesearchof是固定搭配，意为“在寻找……的过程中"。这里是说“在寻找森林可采物的

过程中”。

（8）.[A]progressed[B]generated[C]developed[D]advanced（分数：0.50）

A.

B.

C.J

D.

解析：generate意为“生成，产生"；progress意为"进展，进步“，是不及物动词；develop意为

"（逐渐）形成"、"（逐渐）获得"，与interest,relationship,ability等搭配:advance意为“促

进，提升”。这里是说“在生存竞争中，猿人逐步形成了有效的、草地动物所不具有的立体视觉和颜色辨

别的能力”。根据句意，答案选C。

（9）.[A]learn[B]dreamof[C]possess[D]acquire（分数：0.50）

A.

B.

C.J

D.

解析：learn意为“学习”,dreamof意为“梦想”，possess意为“拥有"，acquire意为“获得”。

这里的主语是草原动物，宾语是立体视觉和颜色辨别的能力，那么结合选项就只有possess符合句意。

learn和acquire意思类似，但并非表示状态的动词，而是表示点的动作，故不符合句意。

（10）.[A]from[B]apart[C]beyond[D]above（分数:0.50）

A.

B.

C.J

D.

解析：beyondthereachof为固定搭配,意思是“够不着；在……范围之外”，与其相对的短语是

withinthereachof（够得着;在...范围之内）。

（11）.[A]rather[B]quite[C]much[D]really（分数:0.50）

A.

B.J

C.

D.

解析：程度副词quite可以用在限定词another前，而另三个程度副词则不能。副词yet也可用在

another'前,但表示的是数量意义的“还，再”。

（12）.[A]lower[B]further[C]clearer[D]higher（分数：0.50）

A.

B.

C.

D.V

解析：注意和后文的搭配，视点越，视野就越大。根据常识判断，应当是视点越高，故选择

highero

（13）.[A]anything[B]that[C]everything[D]all（分数：0.50）

A.

B.

C.

D.V

解析：本句中的so引导一个主语句子，这个句子缺少一个引导词，该引导词还是“theyhadhadto

do”的宾语，只有选项D合乎条件。

（14）.[A]avallable[B]enough[C]sufficient[D]convenient（分数：0.50）

A.V

B.

C.

D.

解析：available意为“可得到的，可用的“；enough意为“足够的"；sufficient意为“充足的”；

convenient意为“方便的”。上文说的是在森林中居住的猿人和猴子可以通过爬树来扩大视力所及的范

围，此处接着说的是，然而在没有树的开阔地带，这种方法是不可行的。故选项A为正确答案。

（15）.[A]chose[B]adopted[C]accepted[D]took（分数：0.50）

A.

B.V

C.

D.

解析：choose意为“选择，挑选"；adopt意为“采用，采纳"：accept意为“接受"：take意为“实

施，采取”。这里是说“猿人采取了唯一可行的方案”，故答案选B。

（16）.[A]fast[B]stably[C]happily[D]upright（分数:0.50）

A.

B.

c.

D.J

解析：前面是说他们尽可能地直立使用后肢，那么后面就应当填入直立行走才符合句意，故应当是walk

uprightofast肯定是不符合常识的，而stably也不是，因为刚直立行走，必定会有一个适应的过程，

不会如此稳定。况且后文也已经说到了unstable。而happily则无从谈起。

（17）.[A]faster[B]slower[C]morestable[D]safer（分数：0.50）

A.

B.V

C.

D.

解析：既然行走得很不平稳，那么根据常识判断，只有缓慢行走方可保持身体的平衡，因此结合选项

slower最为符合题意。

（18）.[A]However[B]Therefore[C]Meanwhile[D]Subsequently（分数：0.50）

A.V

B.

C.

D.

解析：此句与上句之间在语义上为转折关系，四个选项中只有however表转折关系，为正确答案。

therefore表因果关系，C项meanwhile表时间关系，subsequently表承接关系。

（19）.[A]accustomed[B]familiarized[C]adapted[D]suited（分数：0.50）

A.

B.

C.J

D.

解析：accustomed表示“习惯的，适应的“，常用结构为beaccustomedto,意思是“习惯于...”；

famifiarized的常用结构为befamiliarizedwith,意思是“与...相熟”；adapt表示"适应"时，

常用adapttosth.或adaptoneselftosth.结构，暗含作出某种变化以适应新的情况；besuited

tosth.表示“适合……的”。这里是说“它们的骨骼渐渐适应了……”，故选项C为正确答案。

（20）.[A]obtained[B]called[C]deserved[D]earned（分数：0.50）

A.

B.

C.

D.V

解析：call后面可以接宾语加宾语补足语：obtain和deserve后跟单宾语：earn后既可以接单宾语，也

可以接双宾语，接双宾语时表示“（为……）博得，使……得到“。根据句子结构，答案应选D。

二、SectionIIReadingComprehension（总题数：0,分数:0.00）

三、PartA（总题数：0,分数：0.00）

四、Text1（总题数：1,分数：10.00）

Moresurprising,perhaps,thanthecurrentdifficultiesoftraditionalmarriageisthefact

thatmarriageitselfisaliveandthriving.AsSkolnicknotes,Americansareamarrying

people:RelativetoEuropeans,moreofusmarryandwemarryatayoungerage.Moreover,

asteradeclineintheearly1970s,therateofmarriageintheUnitedStatesisnow

increasing.Eventhedivorcerateneedstobetakeninthispro-marriagecontext:some80

percentofdivorcedindividualsremarry.Thus,marriageremains,byfar,thepreferredway

oflifeforthevastmajorityofpeopleinoursociety.

Whathaschangedmorethanmarriageisthenuclearfamily.Twenty-fiveyearsago,the

typicalAmericanfamilyconsistedofahusband,awife,andtwoorthreechildren.Now,

therearemanymarriagesinwhichcoupleshavedecidednottohaveanychiIdren.Andthere

aremanymarriageswhereatleastsomeofthechildrenarefromthewife*sprevious

marriage,orthehusband*s,orboth.Sometimesthesechildrenspendalloftheirtimewith

oneparentfromtheformermarriage;sometimestheyaresharedbetweenthetwoformer

spouses.

Thus,onecanfindtheverytypeoffamilyarrangement.Therearemarriageswithout

children;marriageswithchildrenfromonlythepresentmarriage;marriageswith"full-time”

childrenfromthepresentmarriageand"part-time“childrenfromformermarriages.Thereare

step-fathers,step-mothers,half-brothers,andhalf-sisters.Itisnotallthatunusualfor

achildtohavefourparentsandeightgrandparents!Theseareenormouschangesfromthe

traditionalnuclearfamily.Butevenso,eveninthemidstofal1this,thereremainsone

constant:MostAmericansspendmostoftheiradultlivesmarried.

(分数：10.00)

(1).BycallingAmericansmarryingpeopletheauthormeansthat.

A.AmericansaremoretraditionalthanEuropeans

B.AmericansexpectmoreoutofmarriagethanEuropeans

C.therearemoremarriedcouplesinU.S.AthaninEurope

D.moreofAmericans,ascomparedwithEuropeans,prefermarriageandtheyacceptitata

youngerage(分数：2.00)

A.

B.

C.

D.J

解析：据文章的第二句话得知，美国人就是一个喜欢结婚的民族，与欧洲相比，有更多的人结婚，而且结

婚的年龄很低。

(2).DivorcedAmericans.

A.wi11mostlikelyremarry

B.preferthewaytheylive

C.havelostfaithinmarriage

D.arethevastmajorityofpeopleinthesociety(分数：2.00)

A.V

B.

C.

D.

解析：据第一段倒数第二句话得知，在美国离婚人数的80%再婚，所以说离婚的美国人最有可能再婚。

(3).Whichofthefollowingcanbepresentedasthepictureoftoday,sAmericanfamilies?

A.AtypicalAmericanfamilyconsistsofonlyahusbandandawife.

B.Manytypesoffamilyarrangementshavebecomesociallyacceptable.

C.Americansprefertohavemorekidsthanbefore.

D.Therearenonuclearfamiliesanymore.(分数：2.00)

A.

B.V

C.

D.

解析：据最后一段得知，在美国现有多种类型的家庭构成，所以说多种类型的家庭构成已被社会所接受。

(4).“Part-time“children.

A.spendsomeoftheirtimewiththeirhalf-brothersandsomeoftheirtimewiththeirhalf-

sisters

B.spendal1oftheirtimewithoneparentfromthepreviousmarriage

C.aresharedbetweenthetwoformerspouses

D.cannotstaywith"full-time“chiIdren（分数：2.00）

A.

B.

C.V

D.

解析：part-timechiIdren指一部分时间随前次婚姻的父亲过活，另一部分时间随前次婚姻的母亲过活

的孩子。

（5）.EventhoughgreatchangeshavetakenplaceinthestructureofAmericanfamilies,

A.thefunctionsofmarriageremainunchanged

B.mostAmericanspreferasecondmarriage

C.thevastmajorityofAmericansstillhavefaithinmarriage

D.alloftheabove（分数：2.00）

A.

B.

C.V

D.

解析：据最后两句话得知，尽管美国传统的中心家庭发生了巨大的变化，但有一点是永恒的，那就是美国

成年人绝大部分时间以婚姻方式生活着。

五、Text2（总题数：1,分数：10.00）

Adealisadeal-except,apparently,whenEntergyisinvolved.Thecompany,amajorenergy

supplierinNewEngland,provokedjustifiedoutrageinVermontlastweekwhenitannounced

itwasrenegingonalongstandingcommitmenttoabidebythestale'sstrictnuclear

regulations.

Instead,thecompanyhasdonepreciselywhatithadlongpromiseditwouldnotchallengethe

constitutionalityofVermont'srulesinthefederalcourt,aspartofadesperateeffortto

keepitsVermontYankeenuclearpowerplantrunning.It*sastunningmove.

Theconflicthasbeensurfacingsince2002,whenthecorporationboughtVermont'sonly

nuclearpowerplant,anagingreactorinVernon.Asaconditionofreceivingstateapproval

forthesale,thecompanyagreedtoseekpermissionfromstateregulatorstooperatepast

2012.In2006,thestatewentastepfurther,requiringthatanyextensionoftheplant*s

licensebesubjecttoVermontlegislature'sapproval.Then,too,thecompanywentalong.

EitherEntergyneverreallyintendedtolivebythosecommitments,oritsimplydidn't

foreseewhatwouldhappennext.Astringofaccidents,includingthepartialcollapseofa

coolingtowerin207andthediscoveryofanundergroundpipesystem1eakage,raisedserious

questionsaboutbothVermontYankee*ssafetyandEntergy*smanagement一especiallyafterthe

companymademisleadingstatementsaboutthepipe.EnragedbyEntergy*sbehavior,the

Vermont.Senatevoted26to4lastyearagainstallowinganextension.

Nowthecompanyissuddenlyclaimingthatthe2002agreementisinvalidbecauseofthe2006

legislation,andthatonlythefederalgovernmenthasregulatorypowerovernuclearissues.

Thelegalissuesinthecaseareobscure:whereastheSupremeCourthasruledthatstatesdo

havesomeregulatoryauthorityovernuclearpower,legalscholarssaythatVermontcasewi11

offeraprecedent-settingtestofhowfarthosepowersextend.Certainly,therearevalid

concernsaboutthepatchworkregulationsthatcouldresultifeverystatesetsitsown

rules.ButhadEntergykeptitsword,thatdebatewouldbebesidethepoint.

ThecompanyseemstohaveconcludedthatitsreputationinVermontisalreadysodamaged

thatithasnotinglefttolosebygoingtowarwiththestate.Butthereshouldbe

consequences.Permissiontorunanuclearplantisapublictrust.Entergyruns11other

reactorsintheUnitedStates,includingPilgrimNuclearstationinPlymouth.Pledgingto

runPilgrimsafely,thecompanyhasappliedforfederalpermissiontokeepitopenfor

another20years.ButastheNuclearRegulatoryCommission(NRC)reviewsthecompany's

application,itshouldkeepinmindwhatpromisesfromEntergyareworth.

(分数：10.00)

(1).Thephrase"renegingon/z(kine3.para.1)isclosestinmeaningto

[A]condemning.[B]reaffirming.

[C]dishonoring.[D]securing.(分数：2.00)

A.

B.

C.V

D.

解析：

(2).Byenteringintothe2002agreement,Entergyintendedto

[A]obtainprotectionfromVermontregulators.

[B]seekfavorfromthefederallegislature.

[C]acquireanextensionofitsbusinesslicense.

[D]getpermissiontopurchaseapowerplant.(分数：2.00)

A.J

B.

C.

D.

解析：

(3).AccordingtoParagraph4,Entergyseemstohaveproblemswithits

[A]managerialpractices.[B]technicalinnovativeness.

[C]financialgoals.[D]businessvision(分数:2.00)

A.V

B.

C.

D.

解析：

(4).Intheauthor*sview,theVermontcasewi11test

[A]Entergy*scapacitytofulfillallitspromises.

[B]thenatureofstates*patchworkregulations.

[C]thefederalauthorityovernuclearissues.

[D]thelimitsofstates'powerovernuclearissues.(分数：2.00)

A.

B.V

C.

D.

解析：

(5).Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat

[A]Entergy'sbusinesselsewheremightbeaffected.

[B]theauthorityoftheNRCwillbedefied.

[C]EntergywillwithdrawitsPlymouthapplication.

[D]VermontJsreputationmightbedamaged.(分数：2.00)

A.

B.

c.

D.

解析：

六、Text3（总题数：1,分数：10.00）

RememberSecondLife,thevirtualworldthatwassupposedtobecomealmostasimportantas

thefirstone?Nowpopulatedbynomorethan84,000avatarsatatime,ithasturnedoutto

beaprimeexampleofhowshort-livedInternetfadscanbe.Yetifmanyadultsseemtohave

givenuponvirtualworlds,thosethatcatertochildrenandteenagersarethriving.Several

haveevenfoundawaytomakemoney.

InAmerica,nearly10millionchildrenandteenagersvisitvirtualworldsregularly,

estimateseMarketer,amarketresearcher-anumberthefirmexpectstoincreaseto15million

by2013.AsinJanuary,therewere112virtualworldsdesignedforunder-18swithanother81

indevelopment,accordingtoEngageDigitalMedia,amarketresearchfirm.

Al1catertodifferentagegroupsandtastes.InClubPenguin,themarketleader,whichwas

boughtbyDisneyin2007forawhopping$700million,primary-schoolchildrencantakeona

penguinpersona,fitouttheirowniglooandplaygames.IlabboHotel,aservicerunfrom

Finland,isaglobalhangoutforteenagerswhowanttocustomisetheirownroomsandmeetin

publicplacestoattendevents.GalaOnline,basedinSiliconValley,offerssimilar

activities,butisvisitedmostlybyolderteenswhoareintoMangacomics.

Notahitwithadvertisers,theseonlineworldsearnmostoftheirmoneyfromthesaleof

virtualgoods,suchasitemstospruceupanavataroraprivateroom.Theyarepaidforin

aprivatecurrency,whichmembersearnbyparticipatinginvariousactivities,tradingitems

orbuyingthemwithrealdollars.

Thissortofstealthtaxseemstowork.AtGalaOnline,usersspendmorethan$1millionper

monthonvirtualitems,saysCraigSherman,thefirm'schiefexecutive.Runningsucha

virtualeconomyisnoteasy,whichiswhyGaiahashiredafull-timeeconomisttograpple

withproblemsthatarewellknownintherealworld,suchasinflationandanunequal

distributionofwealth.

Thereareotherbarriersthatcouldlimitthegrowthofvirtualworldsfortheyoung,but

themainoneisparents.Manydonotwanttheiroffspringroamingvirtualworlds,either

becausetheyaretoocommercialorarethoughttobetoodangerous.Keepingthemsafeisone

ofthebiggestrunningcosts,becausetheirsponsorshavetoemployrealpeopletopolice

theirrealms.

Youngstersarealsoaficklebunch,saysSimonLeveneofAccelPartners,aventure-capital

firm.Justaschildrenmovefromonetoytoanother,theyreadilyswitchworldsorsocial

networks,oftenwithoutsayinggoodbye.

Evenso,DebraAhoWi1liamson,ananalystateMarketer,believes“theseworldsarea

traininggroundforthethree-dimensionalweb〃.Ifvirtualworldsforadults,whichsofar

havebeenabletoretainonlyhardcoreusers,managetohangonforafewyears,theymay

yethaveasecondlife.

（分数：10.00）

（1）.Inthefirstparagraphitsaysthat"Severalhaveevenfoundawaytomakemoney"Which

ofthefollowingcouldpossiblybethe〃way”?

[A]Salesofthecopiesofthegame.

[B]Salesofvirtualgoodsinthegame.

[C]Salesofgameperipheralgoods,suchasdollsandOSTCDs.

[D]Developmentofdifferentgamestowardsgamersofdifferentages.（分数：2.00）

A.

B.V

C.

D.

解析：虽然这一句出现在第一段，但是答案需要到第四段中去找，第四段提到“这些虚拟世界的利润来源

是虚拟物品的销售”。那么可以判断出既不是游戏拷贝，也不是游戏衍生品，更不是游戏产品细分年龄，

故选择B项。

(2).Whydoonlinegamesnotmeanhitwithadvertisers'"?

[A]Theadvertisersdonothaveappropriatewaystoadvertiseintheonlineworld.

[B]Onlinegamecompaniesdonotwanttocooperatewiththeadvertisers.

[C]Theprofitpatternofonlinegamesdoesnotleavemuchspaceforthem.

[D]Theadvertisersdeemthatonlinegameswi11notbearisingindustry.(分数：2.00)

A.

B.

C.J

D.

解析：本题的答案同样在第四段，because后面给出了原因，说主要利润来源是游戏里的虚拟物品的销

售，这种盈利模式之下广告商很难从中获取分成，因为这是以虚拟货币完成的，虚拟货币的获得只有一部

分通过实际货币获得，因此降低了广告商的盈利空间，因此C项符合文意。A项说没有合适的方式进行广

告，大体上也是正确，但是和C项相比，C项更为具体。B项说有些公司并不愿意和广告商合作，这按常

理判断应该不会，因为与广告商合作对于公司来说基本上是利大于弊。D项说广告商不认为网络游戏有前

途，这无法从文中得到，因此综合来看C项最符合文意。

(3).WhichofthefollowingmayNOTbethebarriersto1imitthegrowthofvirtualworlds?

[A]Inflationandunequaldistributionsofwealthcanalsohappeninthevirtualworld.

[B]Thevirtualworldcouldgrowcomplicatedenoughtoforceemploymentofspecialstaffto

manageit.

[C]Parentswouldkeeptheirchildrenfromtheonlinegamesinordertokeepthemsafe.

[D]Theonlinegamecompanieswi11havetokeepthevirtualwor1dsafe,atsomeratherhigh

cost.(分数:2.00)

A.V

B.

C.

I).

解析：阻碍网络游戏产业的发展的因素文中总共提到了三点，第五段后半部分提到运营过于复杂，第六段

中提到的父母的压力和保证线上世界的安全。再结合选项，可以看出A项与原文不符，通货膨胀和财富分

配不均都属于现实中的问题，故选择A项。

(4).WhatcanweinferfromSimonLevene，scomments?

[A]Youngpeoplewillusuallychangegames.

[B]Youngpeopleareonlyattractedbythenoveltiesinthegames.

[C]Gamecompanieswi11havetousevariousmeasurestokeepyoungpeoplecontinuingplaying

theirgames.

[D]Currentprosperityofonlinegamesmarketmaynotlastlongduetothecapriciousnessof

youngpeople.(分数：2.00)

A.

B.

C.

D.J

解析：本题需要掌握最后两段，看原文的这段话，是说年轻人玩网游并不意味着会从一而终，喜新厌旧是

常事，言下之意是说虽然网络游戏市场现在一派繁荣，但是能持续多久却是个未知数。后面一段接着又说

了这些公司应该吸引这些玩家更久一点。结合起来看，由此可以推断出D选项符合题意。A项就是原文的

字面意思，B项也是字面意思”可以从儿童和玩具的例子中得出，C项并不能推断出来，因为原文并未有

提及任何解决方案，只是说明了会存在的问题。

(5).Whatmay"stealthtax"in"Thissortofstealthtaxseemstowork"referto?

[A]Onlineworldpromotestransactionwithoutseeingthecurrencies,thusboostingthe

consumption.

[B]Thingsintheonlineworlddonotneedtobetaxed,andthenischeaperthanactual

ones.

[C]Companieshavealreadypaidthetaxfortheplayers.

[D]Peoplebuythingsintheonlineworldinalargelyunnoticedway,eitherbyhimselfor

byothers.(分数：2.00)

A.V

B.

C.

D.

解析：本句为第五段的第一句，那么thissortof肯定是承前指代，即指代第四段的内容，也就是虚拟

交易，虚拟物品，虚拟货币等内容，没有使用真实货币即进行了交易，结合选项可知A项最符合，B和C

都没有提及，而D项说人们在网络世界里购物都是不为他人所知的，运用常识判断，可以得知其并不完全

符合实际情况。

七、Text4(总题数：1,分数：10.00)

Rarelyhastherebeenasneatafitbetweenabook'ssubjectanditsauthor*sbiographyas

in，zBoundTogether:HowTraders,Preachers,Adventurers,andWarriorsShapedGlobalization，z

byNayanChanda.It'seasytoseewhythesubjectfascinatesChanda;he'saself-proclaimed

Francophile(崇拜法国的人)ofSouthAsianorigin,whostudiedFrenchinCalcutta,thentook

coursesonChinainParis,ranamagazineinHongKongandendeduplaunchinganonline

journaldevotedtoglobalizationatavenerableIvyLeagueinstitution.Andinthisengaging

analysis,heanswerssuchintriguingquestionsas“Howdidthecoffeebean,firstgrownonly

inEthiopia,endupinourcoffeecupsafterajourneythroughJavaandColombia?"

Inexaminingthesespecificquestions-andlargeronesabouthowtheworldis

interconnectedmChandadoesnotemphasizehisownexperiences.Butwhenappropriate,he

effectivelyusessmall,personaldetaiIstocutverybigsocial,economic,culturaland

sometimesbiologicalprocessesdowntosize.UeshowshowclosescrutinyoftheiPodhegave

hissonasabirthdaypresentcanrevealmuchaboutthemultinationaloriginsofsuch

objects.Itwasofficiallytoutedas"designed"byanAmericancompanyand"assembledin

China”;hefoundthatitactuallycontainedcomponentpartsandsoftwarewithtiestoIndia,

Japan,SouthKoreaandScotland.Andhemarvelsatthespeedwithwhichittraveledfrom

ShanghaitoNewhavenviaAlaskaandIndiana,aswe11asathisabi1itytotrackits

progressthankstobarcodes.

Thedebateoverglobalizationhasgrownsopolarizedthatmanyreadersareprobablyitching

toknowwhetherChandabelongsinthe"pro"anti"camp.Onethemeof"BoundTogether"is

thatthinkinginthesetermsdoesn,tmakesense.Thosewhogatheratwhataresomewhat

misleadinglycalled“anti-globalization“ral1ies,afteral1,don,topposeal1thewaysthe

worldisshrinking.Andtheircampaignsmakeuseofmanytechnologies(notablytheInternet)

thatarecrucialto21st-century-sty1eglobalization.

Indeed,Chanda'sstandonthesubjectmightbecalledthatofacautiouslyoptimistic

fatalist.Heassertsthattheonlyreasonableresponsetoglobalizationistwofold:accept

thattheworldisnotgoingtostopshrinkingandfigureoutwaystomaximizethepositive

andminimizethenegativeeffects.Heacknowledgesthedownsidesofglobalization(social

inequities,thespreadofnewdiseasesandsoon),yetarguesthatinmanywaysbeing"bound

together"evermoretightlycanultimatelybeagoodthing,benefitingmoreandmore

individualsandgroups.

Thisisabookfilledwithfascinatinginformation.Evenreaderswhodisagreewithhis

claimswillcomeawaywithahostofnewfactstodrawupon.Theywillalsolearnalot

aboutthehistoryanddeploymentofthetermglobalization,towhichChandadevotesan

excellentchapter.Inaddition,manywillneverlookataniPodinquitethesamewayagain.

（分数:10.00）

（1）.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,NayanChanda.

[A]wasborninIndia.

[B]hasworkedinAmerica.

[C]hasworkedinFrance.

[D]hasstudiedinChina.（分数：2.00）

A.

B.V

C.

D.

解析：本题为细节理解题。第1段说Chanda在印度Calcutta学习法语，在法国Paris学习汉语，在美国

IvyLeague工作。虽然他自称是南亚裔人，但不一定是印度人，所以应选择B。

（2）.BytheclosescrutinyofthecoffeebeanandtheiPod,Chandawantstotellus.

[A]howtraders,preachers,adventurers,andwarriorsshapedglobalization.

[B]howglobalizationhasgrownsoquicklyandwidelyaroundtheworld.

[C]howtheworldisinterconnectedbyexaminingthesespecificquestions.

[D]howsmalldetailsreflectthebigsocial,economic,culturalglobalization.（分数：

2.00）

A.

B.

C.J

D.

解析：本题为推理判断题。A项为本书的题目，涵盖范围过于广泛，不合题意。作者在第2段第1句话说

明了列举这些例子的目的：通过细节反映世界联系的紧密。因此，本题应选择C。

（3）.Intheauthor'sopinion,thosewhoopposeglobalizationare.

[A]againstal1thewaysandmeansrelatedtoit.

[B]notacceptingtherealityofashrinkingworld.

[C]misunderstoodforthenameoftheircamp.

[D]againstthetechnologiestypicalofglobalization.（分数：2.00）

A.

B.

C.J

D.

解析：本题为观点态度题。文章第3段说那些反对全球化的人"don'topposeallthewaystheworld

isshrinking.”所以A和B不正确。文中说"theircampaignsmakeuseofmanytechnologies

crucialto21（上标）stcentury-styleglobalization所以D不恰当。C正确，因为他们被

^misleadinglycalled4anti-globalization,rallies","misleading"意为"令人误解的”。

（4）.TowhichofthefollowingstatementwouldChandamost1ikelyagree?

[A]Ourworldisnotgoingtostopbecomingsmallerandsmaller.

[B]Peopleshouldtaketheeffectsofglobalizationasgranted.

[C]Itwillbebeneficialforalltogetconnectedascloselyasever.

[D]Groupsratherthanindividualswillprofitalotfromglobalization.（分数：2.00）

A.

B.

C.

D.

解析：本题为推理判断题。文章倒数第2段说明的是Chanda对全球化的观点。B项与作者意思相反。C项

认为人们的联系和以往任何时候一样紧密，与原文存在差异。D项部分正确，但个人也会受益，所以排

除。

（5）.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthat.