23选择性必修三Unit3Backtothepast背诵清单（含练习与答案）-2025年高考英语一轮复习基础知识能力提升全囊括（译林版2020）

选择性必修三Unit3Backtothepast知识背诵清单一、背重点单词1.____________________vt,&i装上，装入n.负载；承载量；大量2.____________________vt.不予考虑；解雇；解散3._____________________n.证据，证明4.____________________vt.承认(权威、地位)5.____________________vi.&vt,坚决要求，坚持；坚持说6.____________________n.路线，路途；途径，渠道7.____________________vi.&vt.离开，起程8.____________________vi.漏，渗漏；渗入vt.漏，渗漏；泄露n.漏洞9.____________________n.惊恐，恐慌vi.&wt.(使)惊慌，惊慌失措10.____________________adv.不顾，不加理会11.____________________adj.可获得的；有空的12.____________________n.对比；比较13.____________________vt.&xi.塞进，挤进；装(箱)n.包，包裹；小盒，小包14._____________________prep.&adv.在(车、船、飞机等)上15._____________________adv.同时；其间；对比之下16.____________________vt.拖，拉；缓慢而费力地移动17._____________________vi.失血，流血18.____________________vi.&vt.下沉，沉没；坐下；降低19.____________________vt.改进，改良，改革n.改革，改良20.____________________n.产量，输出量答案：二、用核心词汇1.convincevt.使确信，使相信；说服，劝说→_____________adj.令人信服的→_____________adj.确信；坚定不移的2.shortadj.短的；矮的；不足的；缺乏的→______________vt.变短；缩短→______________n.不足，短缺3.influencen.影响；势力；感化；有影响的人或事v.影响；改变→______________adj.有很大影响的，有支配力的4.strongadj.强壮的→______________n.力量；力气；长处→_____________vt.&vi.加强，增强5.financevt.给……提供经费n.财政，金融；资金→______________adj.财政的，金融的，财务的6.astonishvt.使十分惊讶，使吃惊→_____________adj.令人吃惊的→_____________adj.感到惊讶→_____________n.惊讶；惊异7.adoptvt.采用，采取；表决采纳；领养，收养vi.领养，收养→_____________adj.收养的→__________n.采用；收养8.freezevi.&vt.突然停止，呆住；结冰；冻僵→____________adj.极冷的，严寒的→____________adj.冷冻的；冻坏的答案：1.convincing;convinced2.shorten;shortage3.influential4.strength;strengthen5.financial6.astonishing;astonished;astonishment7.adopted;adoption8.freezing;frozen【语境活用】1.Shehadmuch______________difficultythen,soshetookajobto_____________herfurthereducationinauniversity.(finance)2.It'sa___________speechandI'm__________thatmanypeoplewillbenefitfromit.(convince)3.Itis_____________outsidenow,andmoresnowisfallingonalready_____________streets.(freeze)4.Hehasa_____________willandmany_____________.Soweshould_____________therelationshipwithhim.(strong)5.Tomygreat______________,theyweren't_____________atthe_____________newsatall.(astonish)答案：1.financial;finance2.convincing;convinced3.freezing;frozen4.strong;strengths;strengthen5.astonishment;astonished;astonishing三、记高频词汇1.convincevt.使确信，使相信；说服，劝说背词条用法(1)convincesb./oneselfofsth.使某人/自己相信某事convincesb.todosth.说服某人做某事convincesb.that...使某人相信……(2)beconvincedof...确信……;相信……beconvincedthat...确信……背写作佳句①(2019·全国卷I)IcanserveasavolunteertoguidethevisitorsroundthegalleryandIamconvincedofmybeingqualifiedforthejob.我可以作为志愿者带领游客参观画廊，我确信我能胜任这项工作。②(2021·全国乙卷)Iamfullyconvincedthatwiththetipsabovewewillbeesmartonlinelearners.我完全相信，根据以上建议我们能够成为明智的在线学习者。2.acknowledgevt.承认(权威、地位);承认(属实);(公开)感谢背词条用法(1)acknowledge(doing)sth.承认(做)某事acknowledgethat...承认……acknowledge..tobe/as...认为……是……Itisuniversally/widelyacknowledgedthat...……是大家所公认的(2)inacknowledgementof...为表示对……的感谢；以承认……背写作佳句①YuanLongpingiswidelyacknowledgedtobeoneofthegreatestscientistsintheworld.袁隆平被公认为世界上最伟大的科学家之一。②(2019·江苏高考)ItiswidelyacknowledgedthattheschooluniformsareabetterchoicethanthetraditionalChinesedressforsuchanoccasion.人们普遍认为，在这样的场合，校服是比中国传统服装更好的选择。3.insistvi.&vt.坚决要求，坚持；坚持说背词条用法insiston/upon(doing)sth.坚持(做)某事insist“坚持说，坚持认为”,从句用陈述语气that|“坚决要求”,从句用虚拟语气“shoulddo”背写作佳句①(2020·天津高考)Insistonthecorrectwayoflearning,andwewillallmakemuchprogress.坚持正确的学习方法，我们都将取得很大的进步。②MyparentsinsistedthatIshouldmakefulluseofeveryminutetoprepareforthecollegeentranceexamination.我父母坚持认为我应该充分利用每一分钟来为高考做准备。4.panicn.惊恐，恐慌vi.&vt.(使)惊慌，惊慌失措背词条用法(1)in(a)panic惊慌失措地getintoapanic陷入惊慌状态(2)panicodoingsth.使某人(因惊慌)仓促做某事背写作佳句①(2017·浙江6月高考)Macrushedintothecar,slammedthedoorandtrembledalloverinpanic.麦克冲进车里，砰的一声关上车门，浑身发抖，惊慌失措。②Thegirlgotintoapanicwhenshethoughtshe'dforgottenheradmissioncardforentranceexam.当以为自己忘了带准考证时，这个女孩陷入了恐慌。5.astonishvt.使十分惊讶，使吃惊背词条用法(1)Itastonishessb.that...令某人感到吃惊的是……Whatastonishessb.is...使某人吃惊的是……(2)beastonishedat/that….对……感到惊讶beastonishedtodosth.对……感到惊讶(3)toone'sastonishment使某人惊讶的是in/withastonishment惊讶地，吃惊地背写作佳句①WeareastonishedattherapidprogressMarkhasmadeinthissemester.马克这学期进步这么快，我们都很惊讶。②Tomyastonishment,theypublishedthepoemandsentmetwodollars.出乎意料的是，他们刊登了这首小诗并给我寄来了两美元。6.adoptvt.采用，采取；表决采纳；领养，收养vi.领养，收养背词条用法adoptone'sadvice(suggestion)/plan/idea采纳某人的建议/计划/想法adoptapositiveattitudeto对……采取积极的态度adoptanorphan领养孤儿背写作佳句①(2019·北京高考)Ihopeyoucanadoptmyadviceandwishthatyouwouldhaveagoodtrip.我希望你能采纳我的建议，并祝愿你旅途愉快。②EveryoneoughttoadoptapositiveattitudetothecampaignwiththeCOVID19.每一个人都应该对这场抗击新冠疫情的战争采取积极的态度。四、短语再现1.____________________启航2.____________________机群；一队……3.____________________在船(火车、飞机)上4.____________________代表(或代替);为帮助；为了5.____________________远至；只要；直到……为止；据……,就……6.____________________对……有深远的影响7.____________________踏上8.____________________传递；继续；去世9.____________________使……接触……10.____________________作为……而被铭记11.____________________有重大发现12.____________________理顺，整理；把……安排好13.____________________惊慌失措地14.____________________不管，不顾15.____________________与……相反答案：1.setsail2.afleetof3.onboard4.onbehalfof5.asfaras6.haveafarreachingimpacton7.setfoot8.passon9.expose..to...10.berememberedas11.makegreatdiscoveries12.sortout13.inpanic14.regardlessof15.contraryto短语活用1.onbehalfof代表(或代替);为帮助；为了背相关短语on/inbehalfofsb.=on/inone'sbehalf以某人的名义；为了某人；代表某人standfor/represent代表背写作佳句①(2021·浙江1月高考)Firstofall,onbehalfofourschool,Iwouldliketoextendawarmweletoyou,首先，我谨代表我们学校向你们致以热烈的欢迎。②I'vebeenchosentoattendthenationalchesspetitioninbehalfofourschool.我已被选中代表我们学校参加全国象棋比赛。2.regardlessof不管，不顾背相关短语inspiteof/despite尽管(表示让步)withregardto关于；至于背写作佳句①(2020·全国卷I)Regardlessoftheriskofgettinginfected,DrLiisresponsibleanddevotedtohisjob.李医生不顾感染的危险，对工作负责，尽心尽力。②Inspiteof/Despitehisoldage,hestillleadsanactivelife尽管年事已高，他依旧过着一种有活力的生活。3.contraryto与……相反背相关短语onthecontrary正相反，恰恰相反tothecontrary相反地背写作佳句①Contrarytopopularbelief,moderateexerciseactuallydecreasesyourappetite.与通常的看法相反，适度的运动事实上会降低食欲。②It'snotroubleatall;onthecontrary,itwillbeagreatpleasuretohelpyou.根本不费事，恰恰相反，非常荣幸能帮助你。知识背诵检测I.单词拼写1.Thewholeclass______________(惊慌)whentheteachersaidthattherewouldbeaquiztoday.2.Theironlywayoutforsurvivalanddevelopmentistocarryout______________(改革)andinnovation.3.Thecasewas______________(不予考虑)onthegroundsthattherewasnotenoughevidence.4.ThethemeoftheExpowastopromoteculturalexchangeand______________(加强)mutualcooperationbetweenthecountriesalongtheSilkRoad.5.Inconclusion,peoplearoundtheworldshouldbeawareoftherealsituationofwater______________(短缺).Ⅱ.语境辨义(写出加黑部分的汉语意思)1.Artificialintelligencehadbeenappliedextensivelyinalotofprofessions.______________2.Bothsidesundertaketofacilitatefurtherculturalexchanges.______________3.Asthesayinggoes,“Don'tcountyourchickensbeforethey'rehatched.”______________4.IneachepisodeofManvsWild,Gryllsisabandonedinawildareaandhastofindhiswayout.______________5.Aclassicexampleofaflexibletimescheduleisthatsomeonewhoworksfour10hourshiftsaweekcantakethreedaysoff.______________6.Removetheskinandplacetheminplasticbagsorcontainersandfreeze.______________Ⅲ.单句语法填空1.Theactingisso____________(convince)thatitmakesyoubelievethatitisoneofthebestmealshehasevertasted.2.Oneideaisthatsleephelpsus____________(strength)newmemories.3.Wedelayedour____________(depart)becauseofthebadweather.4.By____________(pare),thebrainsofapesrequireonly8%ofresttimeenergy.5.Hewasastonished____________(see)howhishometownhadchangedinthepast10years.6.Alltheseissueshavebeen____________(extensive)researchedinrecentyears.7.Iamfirmlyconvincedofthesignificanceofhonesty,whichwillcontributetobuildingawarmand____________(harmony)society.IV.选词填空allowfor,inpanic,contraryto,regardlessof,setfooton,insiston,onbehalfof,inparisonwith1._____________________thecorrectwayoflearning,andyouaresuretopasstheexam.2.Theliftinthattallbuildingwentwrongandgottrappedbetweenthefloors.Peopleinithadnowayoutandwere_____________________.3.Smilingisalanguagethateveryoneunderstands_____________________age,race,culture,language,andnationality.4._____________________everyonehere,Iwishyouapleasantjourneywhenyoureturntoyourcountry.5.Sheboughtaslightlylargersizeto_____________________shrinkage(缩水).6.ThisisthefirsttimeIhaveleftmycountryand___________________foreignsoil.7.______________________thepreviousstudy,thenewstudyexpandedresearchsubjects.8._____________________monbelief,takingawalkimmediatelyafteramealdoesn'tnecessarilydogoodtoourhealth.V.关联词汇用准用活1.用活——同义试试看(用本单元词汇替换黑体词汇)①(2019·全国卷I)ThereisevidencethattheyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.______________②Bepreparedforlotsofrejectionsbeforeyougetajob.______________③Heiswidelyconsideredasthebestplayerintheworld.______________④Shewaiteduntilthelastoftheguestshadleft.______________⑤Ifyouholdtheline,I'llseeifsheisfree.______________⑥Atthesametime,weexchangedopinionsaboutonlinelearningwitheachother,throughwhichweacquiredmoreknowledge.______________2.用准——易错对对碰(1)onbehalfofVSstandforVSrepresent①Now,______________myschoolmates,Iwishyouasafereturn.②Tomorrowmorningthesecretarywill______________thepresidentatthemeetingtodeliveraspeech.③WhatdothefiveringsontheOlympicflag______________?(2)regardlessofVSinspiteof①Youropinionshouldbebasedonthefacts______________whetheryouaccept.②I'llapologizetoMary______________thefacttha