语法填空：非谓语动词 高三下学期英语复习专项

locate/situate/base在语法填空中的问题看非谓语动词和句子主语(或者逻辑主语)的关系主动关系用ing被动关系用edlocate/situate/base三个词在表示“某物位于…”的时候的用法都是：belocated/situated/based+介词+具体地点

1.______(locate)inLeicestershire,England,TriumphMotorcyclesisaworld-knownmotorcyclemanufacture.2.TheUnitedNationsheadquarters,______(base)inNewYorkCity,servesasasymbolofinternationalcooperationanddiplomacy.3.TheEiffelTower,______(locate)inParis,France,isoneofthemosticoniclandmarksintheworld.4.TeslaMotors,______(base)inCalifornia,isaleadingelectricvehiclemanufacturer.5.TheGrandCanyon,______(situate)inArizona,USA,isoneofthemostbreathtakingnaturalwondersonEarth.Located(locate)inLeicestershire,England,TriumphMotorcyclesisaworld-knownmotorcyclemanufacture.凯旋摩托车公司位于英国莱斯特郡，是一家世界知名的摩托车制造商。TheUnitedNationsheadquarters,based(base)inNewYorkCity,servesasasymbolofinternationalcooperationanddiplomacy.总部设在纽约市的联合国总部是国际合作和外交的象征。TheEiffelTower,located

(locate)inParis,France,isoneofthemosticoniclandmarksintheworld.埃菲尔铁塔位于法国巴黎，是世界上最具标志性的地标之一。TeslaMotors,based

(base)inCalifornia,isaleadingelectricvehiclemanufacturer.总部位于加利福尼亚州的特斯拉汽车公司是一家领先的电动汽车制造商。TheGrandCanyon,

situated(situate)inArizona,USA,isoneofthemostbreathtakingnaturalwondersonEarth.大峡谷位于美国亚利桑那州，是地球上最令人叹为观止的自然奇观之一。datebackto...datefrom...tohaveexistedsinceaparticulartimeinthepastorforthelengthoftimementioned追溯到；始于；自…至今Thecollegedatesbacktomedievaltimes.这所学院创办于中世纪。Thecustomdatesbackhundredsofyears.这一习俗可以追溯到几百年前。alawdatingfromthe17thcentury自17世纪起沿用至今的一条法律datebackto/datefrom中的date和句子主语是主动关系。1._______(date)backtoancienttimes,thistraditionalformofstorytellinghascaptivatedaudienceswithitsrichnarrativesandtimelessthemes.2.Thefossilsdiscoveredinthecave,_______backtotheJurassicperiod,offervaluableinsightsintothelifeformsofthatera.3._______fromtheRenaissance,theinfluenceofclassicalartisevidentinthesculpturesofthisregion.4.Thestyleoftheartifacts,_______fromtheearlyBronzeAge,indicatesadvancedmetallurgical(冶金的)techniques.Dating(date)backtoancienttimes,thistraditionalformofstorytellinghascaptivatedaudienceswithitsrichnarrativesandtimelessthemes.追溯到古代，这种传统的讲故事形式以其丰富的叙事和永恒的主题吸引了观众。Thefossilsdiscoveredinthecave,datingbacktotheJurassicperiod,offervaluableinsightsintothelifeformsofthatera.洞穴中发现的化石可以追溯到侏罗纪时期，为了解那个时代的生命形式提供了宝贵的见解。DatingfromtheRenaissance,theinfluenceofclassicalartisevidentinthesculpturesofthisregion.可以追溯到文艺复兴时期，古典艺术的影响在这个地区的雕塑中显而易见。Thestyleoftheartifacts,datingfromtheearlyBronzeAge,indicatesadvancedmetallurgical(冶金的)techniques.这些文物的风格可以追溯到青铜时代早期，表明了先进的冶金技术(冶金的)技术。involve释义1:ifasituation,aneventoranactivityinvolvessth,thatthingisanimportantornecessarypartorresultofit包含；需要；使成为必然部分（或结果）Anyinvestmentinvolvesanelementofrisk.任何投资都有一定的风险。Thetestwillinvolveansweringquestionsaboutaphotograph.考试将包括回答一些关于一张照片的问题。Thejobinvolvesmetravellingalloverthecountry.这份工作需要我在全国各地跑。释义2:ifasituation,aneventoranactivityinvolvessb,theytakepartinitorareaffectedbyit牵涉；牵连；影响Therewasaseriousincidentinvolvingagroupofyouths.有一起涉及一群年轻人的严重事件。Howmanyvehicleswereinvolvedinthecrash?这次撞车事故涉及多少辆汽车？1.“Numerouscomplaints______(involve)noisepollutionhavebeenreceivedlately,”statedcitycouncilmemberLisaBrown.2.“Therehavebeenseveralincidents______(include)localwildliferecently,”notedparkrangerEmilyJohnson.3.“Wehaveseennumerouscases______(affect)youngchildrenlately,”reportedhealthofficialDr.MarcusLee.4.Allindividuals______(involve)inthefightarenotallowedtoleave.5.Thestudents______(involve)inthecheatingscandalarecalledtotheprincipal'sofficeforquestioning.1.“Numerouscomplaints______(involve)noisepollutionhavebeenreceivedlately,”statedcitycouncilmemberLisaBrown.1.involving2.“Therehavebeenseveralincidents______(include)localwildliferecently,”notedparkrangerEmilyJohnson.2.including3.“Wehaveseennumerouscases______(affect)youngchildrenlately,”reportedhealthofficialDr.MarcusLee.3.affecting4.Allindividuals______(involve)inthefightarenotallowedtoleave.4.involved5.Thestudents______(involve)inthecheatingscandalarecalledtotheprincipal’sofficeforquestioning.5.involved换个理解方式：thefightinvolvesindividuals=individualsareinvolvedinthefightthecheatingscandalinvolvesstudents=studentsareinvolvedinthescandalsbbeinvolvedinsth(某人参与某事、某人卷入了某事件)解题策略如果设空处为动词，则先观察整个句子，找出其谓语。如果句中有谓语且不缺并列谓语，则设空处填非谓语动词。解题步骤考虑是动词不定式、动词-ing形式还是动词-ed形式。同时注意判断以下几点：1.动名词：作主语；作宾语；作定语（表示被修饰名词的性质、用途、功能和属性）；作表语（说明主语的性质）。2.现在分词：a.作状语（表示主动或正进行）；作表语（说明主语的性质）；b.作定语（doing表示正进行或主动的动作；beingdone表示被动且正在进行的动作）；c.作补语（表示主动或正在进行的动作）。3.过去分词：a.作状语（表示被动的动作），相当于状语从句，可以表示时间、条件、原因等。b.作定语（表示被动），相当于省略了关系代词的定语从句。c.作宾语补足语（在表示感觉或心理状态的动词后作宾补。如see,watch,observe,lookat,listento,hear,notice等。在表示“使、让”意义的动词后作宾补，如have,get,keep,leave等。）d.作表语（表示人的状态或感受。修饰人的表情也常用过去分词。）4.不定式：a.作主语。（可以用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语置于后面，常用Itis+形容词/名词+（for/ofsb）todosth来代替，表示人的性格品质用of。）b.作表语；c.作宾语。常跟不定式作宾语的动词：afford,agree,arrange,ask,care,choose,decide,demand,determine,expect,hope,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,want,wish,aim,fail,happen,long,hesitate,struggle,attempt,volunteer,desire等。不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：feel,hear,listento,have,help,

let,make,notice,see,watch等。d.作状语（表示目的、结果、原因、程度等。不定式作目的状语，常常置于句首，如果置于主句后，不定式前面常常没有逗号。）e.作定语（1.下列名词后常用不定式作定语：ability,attempt,chance,decision,effort,failure,promise,way,wish,answer等。2.only,last,next以及序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词后，常接不定式作后置定语。）ThesiteofChangganancientcity,unearthedinXijiesiteofeastChina’sNanjingCity,hasbeenconfirmedtodatebackto3,100yearsago,61(extend)Nanjing’shistorybymorethan600years,Nanjinginstituteofarchaeologysaid.Thesiteoftheancientcity,named“Changgan”,the62(early)knownnameofthecityofNanjing,featuresrelicsofaplatform,ringditches,walls,doorwaysandsacrificialpits.Duringtheexcavationsthatbeganin2017,archaeologists63(unearth)fourringditchesfromtheShangandZhoudynasties(1600BC-256BC),containingcollapsedrammed-earthwalls,saidChenDahai,64archaeologistwiththeinstitute,whowasresponsiblefortheexcavation.“Wealsofoundmoreevidencesupportingour65(conclude),includingawellonthesideoftheditch66wasoriginallyconstructedduringthelateShangDynastyandtheunearthedpottery67(decorate)withtriangularandladderpatterns,”Chenadded.Accordingtocarbon-14datingdata,itisidentifiedthatthevariousartifactsdatebacktotheperiodrangingfromthelateShangDynasty68theearlyZhouDynasty.Uptonow,theexcavationareaattheXijiesitehasreached69(approximate)12,000squaremeters,withmorethan500relicsofvarioustypes70over10,000specimens(样本)ofarchaeologicalimportanceunearthed.ThesiteofChangganancientcity,unearthedinXijiesiteofeastChina’sNanjingCity,hasbeenconfirmedtodatebackto3,100yearsago,61(extend)Nanjing’shistorybymorethan600years,Nanjinginstituteofarchaeologysaid.61．extending61．考查非谓语动词。句意：南京考古研究所表示，在中国东部南京市西街遗址出土的长干古城遗址已被确认可追溯到3100年前，使南京的历史延长了600多年。分析句子结构和意思可知，动词extend是整个主句伴随的动作，用现在分词形式，伴随主动，作结果状语。故填extending。Thesiteoftheancientcity,named“Changgan”,the62(early)knownnameofthecityofNanjing,featuresrelicsofaplatform,ringditches,walls,doorwaysandsacrificialpits.62．earliest62．考查最高级。句意：古城遗址名为“长干”，是南京城最早期的名称，具有平台、环沟、城墙、门道和祭祀坑等遗迹。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格前面有the，所以用最高级形式。故填earliest。Duringtheexcavationsthatbeganin2017,archaeologists63(unearth)fourringditchesfromtheShangandZhoudynasties(1600BC-256BC),containingcollapsedrammed-earthwalls,saidChenDahai,64archaeologistwiththeinstitute,whowasresponsiblefortheexcavation.63．unearthed64．an63．考查谓语动词。句意：该研究所负责发掘的考古学家陈大海说，在2017年开始的发掘中，考古学家发现了四条商周时期（公元前1600年至公元前256年）的环形沟渠，里面有倒塌的夯土墙。分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话描述的是过去的事情，谓语用一般过去时。故填unearthed。64．考查冠词。句意：见第3题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格后面的archaeologist是可数名词单数形式，前面需要用不定冠词修饰，表示泛指，“一个”的意思，它的第一个音素是元音音素，用不定冠词an。故填an。“Wealsofoundmoreevidencesupportingour65(conclude),includingawellonthesideoftheditch66wasoriginallyconstructedduringthelateShangDynastyandtheunearthedpottery67(decorate)withtriangularandladderpatterns,”Chenadded.65．conclusion66．that/which67．decorated