黑龙江省哈尔滨市宾县一中2020-2021学年高二下学期第一次月考英语试题

宾县一中2019级高二下学期第一次月考英语试卷第一部分基础知识单项选择(共20小题；每小题分，满分30分)1.Itiswellknownthat________year2020sawmanydevelopmentsin________scienceandtechnology,withthoseinthefieldofspacesciencebeingparticularlynotable.A./;/ B./;the C.the;the D.the;/【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查冠词。句意：众所周知，在2020年，科学和技术取得了许多发展，其中空间科学领域的发展尤其引人注目。第一空需用定冠词the特指year2020，scienceandtechnology意为“科技和技术”，当in+名词表示“某方面”不需要使用定冠词。因此第一空为the，第二空为/，故选D。2.Mytelephoneisoutoforder.Canyoutellmethe____newsabouttheCOVID19pandemic?A.lately B.latest C.later D.latter【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查形容词/副词词义辨析。句意：我的不好使了，你能告诉我关于新冠疫情的最新消息吗？A.lately最近；B.latest最新的；C.later后来；D.latter后者的。根据“newsabouttheCOVID19pandemic”可知此处表示“最新的”，故B项正确。3.Hepretendedwhenhismothersteppedintohisroom.A.tostudy B.studyingC.tobestudying D.tohavestudied【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词的不定式用法。句意：当他的妈妈走进房间的时候，他假装在睡觉。不定式的一般式todo说明该动作在谓语动词之后发生；进行时tobedoing表示两者同时发生；tobedone表示被动。根据句意说明两个动作同时发生，故使用不定式的进行时。故C正确。4.________theanswerseveraltimes,hestillcouldn’tanswerthequestion.A.Havingtold B.Havingbeentold C.Beingtold D.Telling【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查过去分词的完成式。句意：虽然已经告诉了他几次答案，他还是不能回答这个问题。分析句子结构可知，couldn’tanswer为谓语，空格处用非谓语形式，他是被告知答案，且根据句子语境可知，他是先被告知答案很多次，且还是不会回答这个问题，因此空格处用过去分词的完成式，表示先于谓语动作发生的一个被动的动作，即havingbeendone，在句中作状语，故选B。5.______theyhavewonthegamemadeusexcited.A./ B.That C.What D.Which【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：他们赢得了比赛，这让我们非常激动。分析句子结构可知，theyhavewonthegame这个句子充当整个句子的主语，即使用了主语从句，其中不缺成分，要用that来引导，这里that没有实意。故选B项。6.Allthestudentsweremyideathatweshouldgoforapicnicthenextweek.A.inhonorof B.insteadofC.infavorof D.bymeansof【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：所有的学生都赞成我的主意，我们下星期去野餐。A.inhonorof向......表示敬意；B.insteadof代替；C.infavorof支持，赞成；D.bymeansof凭借。结合句意可知,此处用“支持，赞成”符合语境。故答案为C。7.Thatwasreallyasplendidevening.It’syearsIenjoyedmyselfsomuch.A.when B.thatC.before D.since【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查连词。句意：那真是一个美妙的夜晚。我已经好多年没有这么开心了。考查固定句型It'syearssince...“自从……有多长时间了”。故选D项。8.—Ididnotknowyouweregoodfriends.—You__________.Ihaveknownhersinceshemovedhere.Youwereabroadthen.A.mayhave B.needn’thave C.couldn’thave D.musthave【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查推测句。句意：——我不知道你们是好朋友。——你不可能知道。自从那移居到这儿我就认识他。那时你在国外。根据句意可知，此处是对过去情况的否定推测，应用couldn'thavedone“不可能做某事”。故选C。9.,hecananswerthedifficultquestions.A.Childasheis B.AchildasheisC.Asheisachild D.Thatheisachild【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查as引导让步状语从句。句意：尽管他还是个孩子，但他能回答难题。as引导的让步状语从句要用倒装语序，将形容词、副词或名词（零冠词）置于as前。故选A。【点睛】

10.Ifbusinessmenaretaxedtoomuch,theywillnolongerbemotivatedtoworkhard,withtheresultthatinesfromtaxationmightactually________.A.delay B.shrink C.relieve D.depress【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果商人被征税太多，他们将不再有动力努力工作，结果税收收入实际上可能会缩水。A.delay“推迟”；B.shrink“缩小；缩水”；C.relieve“缓解”；D.depress“使抑郁”。商人没有动力工作，因此交税会缩水。故选B。11.________wantstostayinahotelhastopaytheirownway.A.Anyone B.TheoneC.Whoever D.Who【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：谁想住旅馆就得自己付钱。分析句子结构可知，该题考查主语从句，从句缺主语且主语意指人又有“无论谁”的含义，故选C项。12.Theyoungladyrushedintotheroom_____sheheardthenoise.A.rightaway B.atonce C.immediately D.atthemoment【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：那位年轻女士一听到响声就冲进房间。A.rightaway立刻，马上；B.atonce立刻；C.immediately一…就…（连词）；D.atthemoment此刻，当时。此处immediately是连词，意思是“一......就......”，相当于assoonas，引导时间状语从句。故选C。13.Mr.Copper________ahugeamountofmoneybyinvestingwiselyinthepast10years.A.accumulated B.hasaccumulatedC.hadaccumulated D.wasaccumulating【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查时态辨析。句意：过去10年，Copper先生通过明智的投资积累了大量资金。accumulate是谓语动词，由时间状语“inthepast10years”可知，用现在完成时，故选B项。【点睛】14.Totellthetruth,IwouldratherI_____thepaininsteadofyou.Youdon’tknowhowworriedIwas.A.took B.hadtaken C.take D.shouldhavetaken【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：说实话，我宁愿是我来承受痛苦，而不是你。你不知道我有多担心。固定句型：wouldrather后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，如果指现在或将来，则句子用一般过去时态，如果指过去发生的事情，则用过去完成时态。结合句中howworriedIwas.可知此处指过去发生的事情。故选B。15.Takeanactivepartinsportsorotheractivitiesyouenjoy________youcanmeetvariouskindsofpeople.A.what B.when C.that D.where【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：积极参加体育活动或其他你喜欢的活动，在那里你可以遇到各种各样的人。结合句意并分析句子结构，定语从句“'youenjoy”修饰先行词activities，而定语从句“___youcanmeetvariouskindsofpeople”修饰先行词sportsorotheractivities，分析第二个定语从句，该定语从句缺地点状语，故先行词sportsorotheractivities应当做地点看待，所以使用关系副词where引导该定语从句，故选D。16.Healways________other’shelp________.Hiscolleaguesdon’twanttoworkwithhim.A.considers;seriously B.respects;thankfullyC.takes;forgranted D.needs;well【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：他总是认为别人的帮助是理所当然的。他的同事不想和他一起工作。A.considers...seriously认真考虑......；B.respects...thankfully感恩地尊重......C.takes...forgranted认为......理所当然；D.needs...well迫切需要某物。根据后面的Hiscolleaguesdon’twanttoworkwithhim（他的同事不想和他一起工作）可知，他总是认为别人的帮助是理所当然的，因此第一空为takes，第二空为forgranted，故选C。17.Thefloodisbelieved________morethan50peopleandmadethousandshomeless,________itperhapsthemostdestroyingfloodinhistoryinthearea.A.killing;tomake B.tohavekilled;makingC.tohavekilled;havingmade D.havingkilled;making【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查不定式的完成式和现在分词。句意：人们相信，这场洪水已造成50多人死亡，数千人无家可归，这可能是该地区历史上破坏力最大的洪水。sb./sth.bebelievedtodo为固定短语，意为“人们相信某人/某物做某事”，因此第一空为不定式，根据语境可知，洪水已经造成50多人死亡，因此第一空用不定式的完成式，即tohavekilled；句中谓语为isbelieved，第二空需用非谓语动词，itperhapsthemostdestroyingfloodinhistoryinthearea为自然而然的结果，因此第二空用现在分词making表自然而然的结果，作状语，故选B。18.Hetoldme________hisfatherhaddiedand________hehadtomakealivingalone.A.that,what B.what,that C.that,that D.what,what【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：他告诉我他父亲去世了，他不得不独自谋生。Hetoldme后为and连接的两个并列的宾语从句，两个从句中的成分和意义均完整，因此引导词都用that。故选C。19._______Sunday,thelibrarydoesn’topen.A.Being B.Itis C.Itbeing D.Therebeing【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查现在分词的独立主格结构。句意：由于是星期天，图书馆不开门。thelibrary是句子主语，而be动词的主语是it，指时间，且it和be是主动关系，是现在分词的独立主格结构，故选C。20.Onlywhenheapologizesforhisrudeness____tohimagain.A.Iwillspeak. B.willIspeak. C.doIspeak. D.Ispeak【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查倒装句。句意：只有当他因为自己的鲁莽而道歉的时候，我才和他再次说话。only+when引导的状语从句放在了句首，强调的是状语。在这种情况下，可以把助动词，情态动词，系动词提前至句首，形成部分倒装的句子，根据句意，用一般将来是，助动词用will。故B正确。第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项。AAsagestureoffriendship，MayorYukioOzakiofTokyo，JapangaveWashington,D.Cagiftofmorethan3,000JapanesecherrytreesonMarch17,1912.Everyspring,thecherrytreesinWashington，D.C.takebloom(开花)，beginningoneofthecountry'sloveliestcelebrations,theNationalCherryBlossomFestival(March17April15).Bookyourtripnowtoseethisvibrantdisplayofpinkandwhiteinthiscityfullofhistory!

Washington,Price:$45/personAvailable:Duration:1DayHighlights:VisitWashington，D.C.;experiencethepeakperiodofcherryblossom(April812)Itinerary:GuestswillstarttocelebratetheNationalCherryBlossomFestivalanddiscoverthebeautyofcherryblossoms.Next,wewillbeginoursightseeingcitytourincludingLincolnMemorial,WhiteHouse,USCapitol,MadameTussaudsWaxMuseum,WashingtonMonumentandInternationalSpyPriceIncludes:GroundTransportationAdmissionFees:DestinationAdultChildSeniorInternational$14.95(312yrs)$19.95(Over65yrs)Madame$23$17(312yrs)$20(Over65yrs)PotomacRiverCruise(optional)$26$18(312yrs)$23(Over65yrs)Note:Ifyouwouldliketojoinintheoptionalactivities,pleasepaythefeeincashtothetourguide.YoucannotbuytheticketsonyourownoruseCityPass.Thetourguidewillarrangetheticketsforthegroup.21.OnMarch25,tourists___________。A.experiencethepeakperiodofcherryblossomB.haveadiscountedtourofacityfullofhistoryC.enjoytheNationalCherryBlossomFestivalD.witnessthefirstdayofthefestival22.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.JapanpresentedcherrytreestoattracttouriststoWashingtonB.Thetourcoversfivetouristspotswithoutadmissionfees.C.AdmissionfeescanbepaidincashorwithCityD.Eachtouristmustchooseatleastoneoptionaldestination.23.Itcosts___________fora16yearoldstudentandhisgrandpa(aged67)togoonthetour，withthewaxmuseumincluded.A.$110 B.$136C.$133 D.$127【答案】21.C22.B23.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇广告布告。文章为游客们介绍了美国的国家樱花节的时间、景点、花费和注意事项。【21题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在Washington,D.C.CherryBlossomInDepthTour部分可知在三月二十五日，游客们可以享受国家樱花节，故选C。【22题详解】推理判断题。根据Itinerary中的Next,wewillbeginoursightseeingcitytourincludingLincolnMemorial,WhiteHouse,USCapitol,MadameTussaudsWaxMuseum,WashingtonMonumentandInternationalSpyMuseum.Thenvisitthenexttouristspot,theJeffersonMemorial,可知城市旅游包括以上八个景点，根据AdmissionFees表格中的内容可知InternationalSpyMuseum，MadameTussaudsWaxMuseum和PotomacRiverCruise这三个景点是需要付费的，所以有五个景点不需要付费，故选B。【23题详解】计算题。根据Price:$45/person，以及表格中MadameTussaudsWaxMuseum(optional)$23，$20(Over65yrs)可知一位十六岁的学生和他的爷爷参加这次旅行，包括蜡像馆，价格是45*2+23+20=133，故选C。BWhenSallyMillsopp,53,withher17yearolddaughter,Eleanor,participatedinRaceforLifein2019.ShehadnoideaifshewouldgettoseehermotherJenniferEarnshawagain,whowasdesperatelyillwithaformoflungcancer,butsheencouragedthepairtotakepartintheeventassheknewthefundraisingwouldhelpothers.Theymanagedtomakeitbacktoherbedsidejustintimetoshowherthephotographs.Jennifer,whowasaformerheadteacher,passedawaythefollowingday,aged76.MsMillsoppandherdaughterareonceagainparticipatingintheRaceforLifeonMay13thisyeartothememoryofJennifer,andwillbespeakingonstagetoinspireothers.“Mumwasaselflessperson.IknewshereallywantedustodoRaceforLifebutitwashardnotknowingifIwouldbetherewithherattheend.Whenwereachedthefinishline,EleanorandIbothfeltelatedthatwe’ddonesomethingsopositiveatsuchasadtime.WehadabighugandknewitwassomethingMumwouldbeproudof,”saidMsMillsopp.OneintwopeopleintheUKwillbediagnosedwithcancer,butthegoodnewsismorepeoplearesurvivingthediseasenowthaneverbefore.CancerResearchUK’sRaceforLife,inpartnershipwithTesco,isaninspiringwomenonlyseriesof5k,10k,PrettyMuddyandHikingeventswhichraisemillionsofpoundseveryyeartohelpbeatcancersoonerbyfundingvitalresearch.GemmaTurpin,CancerResearchUK’sNorwicheventmanager,said,“WeareverygratefultoSallyandEleanorfortheirstorythathighlightshowspecialRaceforLifeistopeople.Byfollowingthem,womeninNorfolkcanmakearealdifferenceinthefightagainstcancer.MoneyraisedthroughRaceforLifeishelpingbeatover200differenttypesofcancer——that’swhyeverystep,everypersonandeverypennyraisedcounts.24.WhatdoweknowaboutJenniferEarnshaw?A.SheusedtotakepartinRaceForLife.B.Shehadasenseofsocialresponsibility.C.ShediedwithoutseeingSallyandEleanor.D.Sheworriedabouthercancer’sinfluenceonSally.25.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordelatedinParagraph4mean?A.Reallyinterested. B.Desperatelytired.C.Extremelyexcited. D.Deeplyembarrassed.26.WhatisthepurposeofParagraph5?A.Toaddsomebackgroundinformation. B.Tosummarizethepreviousparagraphs.C.Toreportnewsaboutcancertreatment. D.Tointroduceanewtopicfordiscussion.27.What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A.Runninginmemoryofmother. B.Livinglifewithaselflessheart.C.Joiningtheracetokeephealthy. D.Strugglingtosurvivefromcancer.【答案】24.B25.C26.A27.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲了Sally和女儿Eleanor，19年在身患癌症的母亲的鼓励下，参加了为帮助别人筹集资金的RaceforLife。今年为了纪念母亲，她们再次参加这个活动，以及她们的故事给RaceforLife带来了很多积极的影响的故事。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据“JenniferEarnshaw,whowasdesperatelyillwithaformoflungcancer,butsheencouragedthepairtotakepartintheeventassheknewthefundraisingwouldhelpothers.”（JenniferEarnshaw病得很严重，得了肺癌，但是当她知道这个筹款能帮助他人的时候，她鼓励她们去参加这个活动。）可知，JenniferEarnshaw是一个具有社会责任感的人。故选B。【25题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句子“Whenwereachedthefinishline,EleanorandIbothfeltelatedthatwe’ddonesomethingsopositiveatsuchasadtime.”（当我们到达终点的时候，我们都感到兴奋，在如此悲伤的时候，我们做了一些十分积极的事情。）以及联系上文可知，病重的母亲鼓励我们参加这个活动，所以当我们到达终点的时候，可推测出我们的心情是激动的、兴奋的。故选C。【26题详解】推理判断题。第五段介绍了英国癌症患病以及目前治愈的概况，以及一些筹集资金帮助治疗癌症的运动项目。结合文章内容可知，写本段的目的是增添一些背景信息。故选A。【27题详解】主旨大意题。本文主要讲了Sally和女儿Eleanor，19年在身患癌症的母亲的鼓励下，参加了为帮助别人筹集资金的RaceforLife。今年为了纪念母亲，她们再次参加这个活动，以及她们的故事给RaceforLife带来了很多积极的影响的故事。因此本文的最佳标题是为了纪念母亲而跑步。故选A。C“IthinkI’mnothingmorethanadeadfish.”“Idon’twanttodoanything.”“I’msobeatandsosad.”…Theyounggenerationinourcountryusedtoenjoytheir“happyculture”butnowtheyhavebee“beatandsad”slowlyandsecretly.Somepeopleevencalledit“thebeatculture”.The“Beat”youthsdon’twanttodoanything.Theyhavenopurpose,nodesireandtheyaretotallydepressedsothattheyonlywanttoliveanaimlesslife.The“GeYouslouch(葛优瘫)”andthesongIfeellikehavingbeendrainedaretheexamples.Manymediaconcernthemselvesaboutthisphenomenonandtrytopersuadetheyouthsintoembracingpositiveandhealthyfeelingsandencouragethemtoworkhardtogetridofdecadence.Thisisreallyakindgesture.However,wedon’thavetoworrytoomuchaboutthis“beatculture.”Infact,it’snotanegativething.“Beat”nevermeansdespair,butawayofselfmockery(自嘲)andpressurerelief.Ingeneral,theyouthsinChinaarenot“beat”.Accordingtoarecentinternationalresearch,theyouthsinChinaholdpositiveattitudetowardsthefuture.29%oftheChineseintervieweesbelievetheywillliveandworkinpeaceinChinabecause“aslongasyouworkhard,youcanhaveyourownday”.Around93%oftheChineseintervieweesbelievethefutureispromisingbecauseofmedicineindustry,renewableenergysourcesandputer.paredwithChineseyoungsters,youthsindevelopedcountriesaremorepessimistic(悲观的).Ofcoursetherearesomesocialreasonsfortheappearingof“theBeatCulture”.Asurbanizationdevelopsrapidly,youthslivinginbigcitiesarefacingnewchallengesthattheirforefathershavenevermetbefore.Lonelinessandfeelingsofinsignificanceandpowerlessnessareeasytogetholdoftheyoungpeople.Withoutpropercare,theycouldthreatenourmentalityandcausemanysocialproblems.Theseproblemsprobablyneedourattentionmore.28.“TheBeatculture”includesthefollowingexamplesexceptthat_______A.theyounggenerationdon’tfeellikedoinganything.B.theyounggenerationconsiderthemselvesdeadfish.C.theyounggenerationinbigcitiesarefacingnewchallenges.D.theyounggenerationenjoythesongIfeellikehavingbeendrained.29.Whichwordhasthemostsimilarmeaningwith“decadence”inParagraph2?A.loneliness B.lazinessC.sufferings D.pessimism30.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Mostpeoplebelievethatwithhardwork,peoplecanhavetheirownday.B.Thesedays,youngpeoplesuffermuchmorelonelinessthantheirparents.C.Chineseyouthsaremorenegativethanyoungpeopleindevelopedcountries.D.Socialdevelopmentdoesbringsomepressuretotheyoungergeneration.31.What’sthemainideaofthetext?A.TheChineseyouthsarenotthebeatgeneration.B.Howdoes“theBeatCulture”affecttheChineseyouth.C.“TheBeatCulture”ispositivetoChineseyoungsters.D.“TheBeatculture”ispopularamongtheChineseyoungsters.【答案】28.C29.D30.D31.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了目前中国的年轻一代中盛行“垮掉文化”，许多媒体关注这一现象，试图说服年轻人接受积极健康的感觉，鼓励他们努力摆脱颓废。但作者认为不必太担心这种“垮掉文化”。“事实上，这不是一件消极的事情。“垮掉”绝不意味着绝望，而是一种自嘲和减压的方式。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第一、二句Ofcourse,therearesomesocialreasonsfortheappearingof"theBeatCulture".Asurbanizationdevelopsrapidly,youthslivinginbigcitiesarefacingnewchallengesthattheirforefathershaveneverencounteredbefore.（当然，“垮掉的文化”的出现是有社会原因的。随着城市化的快速发展，生活在大城市的年轻人面临着他们的祖先从未遇到过的新挑战。）可知，大城市中的年轻一代面临新挑战是theBeatCulture出现的原因，而不是内容。故选C。29题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第二段第一句Manymediaconcernthemselvesaboutthisphenomenonandtrytopersuadetheyouthsintoembracingpositiveandhealthyfeelingsandencouragethemtoworkhardtogetridofdecadence.可知，很多媒体关心这一现象并试图劝说年轻人应该持有积极健康的心态，以及鼓励他们努力工作来摆脱消极状态。可推测decadence意为“颓废”，pessimism意为“消极”，与之意思相近，故D项正确。故选D。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第二句Asurbanizationdevelopsrapidly,youthslivinginbigcitiesarefacingnewchallengesthattheirforefathershaveneverencounteredbefore.（随着城市化的快速发展，生活在大城市的年轻人面临着他们的祖先从未遇到过的新挑战。）可知，随着城市化的发展，大城市中的年轻人面临新挑战。社会发展确实给年轻一代带来了一些压力。故D项正确。故选D。【31题详解】主旨大意题。文章第一段主要介绍TheBeatCulture，文章后半部分认为我们对此不必过于担忧，因为这只是年轻一代自嘲和排解压力的方式，即文章主要内容为中国年轻人并不是垮掉的一代以及我们应该关注年轻一代所面临的问题。故选A。【点睛】易错分析4.What’sthemainideaofthetext?A.TheChineseyouthsarenotthebeatgeneration.B.Howdoes“theBeatCulture”affecttheChineseyouth.（以偏概全）C.“TheBeatCulture”ispositivetoChineseyoungsters.（无中生有）D.“TheBeatculture”ispopularamongtheChineseyoungsters.（断章取义）本题中B项，“TheBeatCulture是如何影响中国年轻一代的”，文章只有第一段提及对年轻一代的影响，但这并不是文章重点。故B项错误。C项，“TheBeatCulture对于中国年轻人来说是积极的”。文中未提及并且这句话本身也错误。故C项错误。D项，“TheBeatCulture在中国年轻一代中很流行”。并非文章重点，文章强调中国年青一代未受丧文化影响而成为垮掉的一代。故D项错误。综上，故选A。DThereyouareinyourfavoriteclothingstore.Youdon’treallyneedtobuyanything,buteverythingissocheapandstylish!Beforeyouknowit,youleavethestorewithbagsandbagsofnewclothes.Onthesurface,thisdoesn’tseemsobad.However,therearealotofhiddencostsbehindthecheappricetagsputforwardbyfastfashionbrands.Toputitplainly,thefashionindustryisterriblefortheplanet.Notonlydoesituseupalotofresources,butitalsoheavilypollutestheenvironmentwithchemicals,microplasticsandunwantedwaste.Fashionisoneoftheleastsustainable(可持续发展的)industriesontheplanet,mentedMichaelStanleyJones,aprogrammanagementofficerwiththeUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgram.“We’veallbeeourownwastemanagers,hoardingfashionwasteinourclosets,”henoted.Itdoesn’tjusttakeupspaceinourclosets,though.Italsoendsupinlandfills,too.Infact,threeoutofeveryfivegarmentsendupeitherbeingincinerated(焚毁)orsenttolandfills.But,thankfully,thefashiontrendtidesarechanging.Peopleareincreasinglyexaminingtheirownconsumptionandwhatchangestheycanmaketobeesustainable,JaneFellner,founderandCEOofsustainablefashionretailerLoopster,toldtheGuardian.Inparticular,withitstypicallylowerpricesandrarefashionfinds,shoppingsecondhandhasbeeanincreasinglypopularandecofriendlyoption.AccordingtoonlineresellerThredUp,thesecondhandmarketispredictedtoreach$80billion(about518billionyuan)by2029.And,althoughfastfashionwillcontinuetogrow20percentoverthenext10years,secondhandfashionisexpectedtogrowanunbelievable185percentinthatsameamountoftime.Fellnercontinued:“Secondhandhasbeemoresociallyacceptableand,forsome,cool.Thrifting(节约)isnowmassiveonTikTok.”Theonlytruesustainablewaytoshopistonotshopatall,RachelKibbe,abrandconsultantforensuringsustainabilityinfashion,toldInsider.Unlessyou’rebuyingclothesthatalreadyexist.32.Whatisthemainideaofparagraphs3?A.People’sloveforfastfashion.B.Theharmcausedbythefashionindustry.C.Thewaypeoplewasteclothes.D.Reasonswhyfastfashionischeap.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hoarding”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Storing. B.Avoiding.C.Sorting. D.Recycling.34.WhatdoesJaneFellnerthinkofsecondhandfashion?A.Itisgainingpopularity.B.Itishugeamongyoungpeople.C.Itmakespeopleattractive.D.Ithasdefeatedfastfashion.35.Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthearticle?A.Tointroduceyoungconsumers’habits.BToinformreadersofwhatissustainable.C.Topredictthenewfashiontrendin2021.D.Toshowchangesinclothingconsumption.【答案】32.B33.A34.A35.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是服装行业消费趋势正在发生改变，二手服装越来越受人欢迎。【32题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段，尤其是“Toputitplainly,thefashionindustryisterriblefortheplanet.Notonlydoesituseupalotofresources,butitalsoheavilypollutestheenvironmentwithchemicals,microplasticsandunwantedwaste”（简单地说，时尚业对地球来说是可怕的。它不仅会消耗大量资源，而且还会产生化学物质、微塑料和不必要的废物，严重污染环境）可知，本段主要是讲时尚业造成的危害，故选B。【33题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段的“Itdoesn’tjusttakeupspaceinourclosets,though”（不过，它不仅会占用我们衣柜里的空间）可知，人们把衣服储存在衣柜中，因此hoarding意为“储存”，即storing，故选A。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Fellnercontinued:“Secondhandhasbeemoresociallyacceptableand,forsome,cool.Thrifting(节约)isnowmassiveonTikTok.”（菲尔纳继续说道:“二手商品已经越来越被社会所接受，对一些人来说，这很酷。现在TikTok上的节俭风气很盛行。”）可知，JaneFellner认为二手时装越来越流行，故选A。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段的“But,thankfully,thefashiontrendtidesarechanging”（不过，谢天谢地，时尚潮流正在发生变化）及下文介绍的“二手服装越来越受人欢迎”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是来展示服装消费的变化，故选D。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WhatCanWeSeeinaLogo?Weseehundredsoflogosonsigns,vehicles,websites,andevenontheclotheswewear.Alloftheselogosaredesignedtoattractourattention.____36____However,recentlyresearchsupportstheideathatrememberingwhatalogolookslikeisaverydifficulttask.Researchersgave85studentsasimpleassignmenttodrawtheApplelogopurelyfrommemory.Surprisingly,onlyonestudentinthestudycouldaccuratelydrawthelogofrommemory.____37____Researchershavedevelopedatheorythattheythinkmighthelptoexplainthisblindspotinourmemories.Logosaretypicallydesignedtobesimpleandeasytorecognizewithaquickglance.Yetthefrequentexposuretotheselogoscanactuallymakeourbrainsoverlookthem.Thisprocessisknownas“attentionalsaturation(注意力饱和).”____38____Eventhoughthebrainisaccustomedtoignoringunnecessarydetails,itisalsoprogrammedforrecognition.Whenweseeimagessuchaslogosoverandoveragain,webeefamiliarwiththem.Thisconstantexposureleadstosomethingscientistsrefertoasgist(梗概)memory.____39____Thisgeneralsenseofmemoryhasitsownbenefits.Infact,familiaritywithapopularlogocanevenmakepeoplefeelmorefortableaboutpurchasingorusingcertainproducts.Logosareeverywherewelooktoday.Afancydesignorathoughtfulcolorbinationmaybeagoodstartforalogoconcept,butthereareotherfactorstoconsider.____40____Acleverdesignmaybeinteresting,butmostpeoplewillforgetthedetails—especiallyifourbrainshaveanythingtosayaboutit.A.Thismaybeinspiringtologodesigners.B.Peoplewillknowtheproductbehindthelogo.C.Sowhyisitsodifficultforpeopletorecallthedetailsofimages?D.Theyalsohelpusrememberaproductorserviceconnectedtothatimage.E.Itmeansthatourbrainremembersthebasicideawithoutallofthedetails.F.Ourbrainsactuallysignalustoignoreinformationwedon’tthinkwewillneedtoremember.G.Logodesignersneedtoknowthatpeoplewillonlyrememberwhattheybelieveisworthwhile.【答案】36.D37.C38.F39.E40.G【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了在我们的生活中，人们很难准确记住一个标志的细节，并解释了出现这种现象的原因。【36题详解】根据空格上句“Alloftheselogosaredesignedtoattractourattention.(所有这些标志都是为了吸引我们的注意力而设计的)”可知，这里介绍的是标志的作用。D项意为“它们还帮助我们记住与该图像相关的产品或服务。”选项内容能够承接上文，进一步介绍了标志的作用，可以帮助我们记住与该图像相关的产品或服务。故选D。【37题详解】根据空格上句“Researchersgave85studentsasimpleassignmenttodrawtheApplelogopurelyfrommemory.Surprisingly,onlyonestudentinthestudycouldaccuratelydrawthelogofrommemory.(研究人员给85名学生布置了一个简单的任务，让他们完全凭记忆画出苹果的标志。令人惊讶的是，研究中只有一个学生能从记忆中准确地画出这个标志)”可知，实验结果表明，人们很难准确记住一个标志的细节。C项意为“那么，为什么人们很难回忆起图像的细节呢？”选项内容能够承接上文，针对上文的实验结果提出了问题，为什么人们很难回忆起图像的细节呢？且能引出下文将要介绍的关于记忆的理论。故选C。【38题详解】根据空格上句“Yetthefrequentexposuretotheselogoscanactuallymakeourbrainsoverlookthem.Thisprocessisknownas“attentionalsaturation(注意力饱和)”.(然而，频繁接触这些标志实际上会让我们的大脑忽视它们。这个过程被称为“注意力饱和”)”可知，本段介绍了频繁接触标志会造成注意力饱和现象。F项意为“实际上，我们的大脑发出信号，让我们忽略我们认为不需要记住的信息。”选项内容能够承接上文，进一步介绍了什么是“注意力饱和”，是我们的大脑发出信号，让我们忽略我们认为不需要记住的信息。故选F。【39题详解】根据空格上句“Whenweseeimagessuchaslogosoverandoveragain,webeefamiliarwiththem.Thisconstantexposureleadstosomethingscientistsrefertoasgist(梗概)memory.(当我们一次又一次地看到诸如标志之类的图像时，我们就会对它们熟悉起来。这种持续的暴露导致了科学家们称之为梗概记忆的东西)”可知，本段介绍了当我们一次又一次地看到诸如标志之类的图像时，我们就会对它们熟悉起来，这种情况被科学家们称为梗概记忆。E项意为“这意味着我们的大脑只记得基本的想法，而不记得所有的细节。”选项内容能够承接上文，进一步介绍了什么是“梗概记忆”，选项中的“It”代指上文中的“gist(梗概)memory”。故选E。【40题详解】根据空格上句“Afancydesignorathoughtfulcolorbinationmaybeagoodstartforalogoconcept,butthereareotherfactorstoconsider.(一个精致的设计或一个深思熟虑的颜色组合可能是一个标志概念的良好开端，但还有其他因素要考虑)”可知，本段介绍了如何才能设计出一个好的标志。G项意为“标志设计师需要知道，人们只会记住他们认为是值得的。”选项内容能够承接上文，是对标志设计师提出的一个建议，要想设计出一个好的标志，需要知道人们只会记住他们认为是值得的东西，“人们只会记住他们认为是值得的”正是上文提到的“其他因素”之一。故选G。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Weknowthatkidsplayingvideogamesoftenstayintheirdarkenedbedroomsalone,addictedtogamescrazily.Intruth,theyareusuallymunicatingwithother____41____,throughaudioortext,abouttheactiononthe____42____.Andsometimesthechatter____43____fromtheworldoffantasytoreallife.That’swhathappenedto14yearoldReillyHowardlastOctober.While____44____games,henoticedthatan____45____friend,a13yearoldfromFlorida,wasnotinhisnormalstate.Reilly’s____46____wasrightbecausethefriendmessagedhim,“You,weneedtotalk.”Seeingthis,Reilly____47____calledhim.“Hestartstoopenupaboutwhat’sgoingoninhis____48____‘Ihavenothingtolivefor;I’mgoingto____49____myself,’”Reillytoldnbcconnecticut..“Hecouldn’teventalk.Hewas____50____somuch.”Unabletoexpresshis____51____inwords,hisfriendtypedout,“Tonightisgoingtobethenight.”Accordingtowhatthefriendsaid,Reillycouldfigureoutthatthefriendwasina____52____state,sohedecidedtostayonthelineforas____53____ashewasneeded.“Iknewhedidn’twanttobe____54____atthattime,andIdidn’twanthimto____55____hislife.”hesaid.Fortwohours,Reillysaideverythinghecouldthinkoftotrytopersuadehisfriendtobea____56____man.“Ijustkeptfortinghim.Andgraduallyhe____57____down.”Aboutthattime,Reilly’sparentscamehomefromdinner.Reillytoldthemaboutwhathadhappened,andthey____58____Floridapolice,whotrackeddowntheboy.Thetroubledteenisdoingwellnow,____59____agoodfriend.AlthoughReillyhadnevermethiminperson,hewaswillingtoputdownthekeyboardandlenda(n)____60____.Sosometimeswejustneedtoshowupandlistentopeople.41.A.manders B.programmers C.customers D.gamers42.A.screen B.market C.homework D.fashion43.A.tries B.changes C.reforms D.dominates44.A.designing B.playing C.watching D.studying45.A.ideal B.honest C.old D.online46.A.guess B.decision C.theory D.reason47.A.suddenly B.luckily C.immediately D.frequently48.A.growth B.life C.study D.pleasure49.A.kill B.punish C.scold D.injure50.A.losing B.praying C.missing D.crying51.A.joke B.feeling C.suffering D.thought52.A.terrible B.healthy C.careles