2024年高考押题预测卷02（九省新高考卷）英语（全解全析版）

2024年高考押题预测卷02【九省新高考卷】英语·全解全析（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．WhomadeMikeloveskateboarding?A．Catherine. B．John. C．Lucy.【答案】B【原文】M:AreyouenjoyingthisbeautifulSaturday,Catherine?W:Ofcourse,Iloveweekends.IoftengooutwithmyfriendLucyatweekends.Howlonghaveyoubeenskateboarding,Mike?M:Threeyearsago,mybrotherJohngotmeintoit.Ididn’tlikeitatfirst,butnowIenjoyit.2．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Bossandemployee. B．Teacherandparent. C．Businesspartners.【答案】B【原文】W:ThankyouforingtoKelly’sconference.Iappreciateit.M:Ofcourse,Iwouldn’tMissit.Ialwayswanttohearhowkellyisdoinginclasses.W:Well,sheisjustsuchaJoytoteach.3．Wherearethespeakersnow?A．Atanairport. B．Inarailwaystation. C．Onaflight.【答案】A【原文】M:Whatdidtheannouncersayjustnow?W:Shesaid,“PassengersonFlightCA101toHongkongpleasemaketheirwaytothedeparturegate.”M:Really?I’mgoingtotakethisflight.4．Howdoesthemanfeelnow?A．Excited. B．Tired. C．Bored.【答案】B【原文】W:Howdoyoufeeltodayaftercuttingallthatwood?M:Myshoulderaches.IthinkIdidtoomuchyesterday.W:Takeiteasytoday.WatchsomemoviesandI’llcookanicemealforyou.5．Whydoesthemanlookdifferentnowaccordingtohimself?A．Helostweight. B．Hegotolder. C．Hehadahaircut.【答案】A【原文】W:YourpictureIDdoesn’tlooklikeyou.M:That’sbecauseI’velosttenkilossinceitwastaken.W:Oh!Ithoughtitwasyourhaircutthatmadeyoulookdifferent.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6．Howmanyfriendsdoesthemanwanttoinvitetotheparty?A．14. B．25. C．13.7．WhyisMattmentionedintheconversation?A．Hesuggeststheideaoftheparty.B．Hewillhelpwiththeman’sparty.C．Hehadabigbirthdaypartylastyear.【答案】6．B7．C【原文】M:Mum,mythirteenthbirthdayisingup,andIwanttohaveabigpartythisyear.CanIinviteallmyfriends?W:Sure,Tom.Howmanyfriendsareyouthinkingofinviting?M:Twentyfive!W:That’squitealot.Lastyeartherewereonlyfourteen.Whydoyouwanttoinvitesomanypeople?M:Mum,it’saspecialyear!I’mturningthirteen,andit’sabigdeal.Thirteenthbirthdaypartiesarepopular.MyfriendMatthadabigonelastyear,andallhisfriendsandneighborscame.W:Iunderstand,butourhouseistoosmallforsomanypeople.We’llhavetofindadifferentplacetohavetheparty.Doyouhaveanyideas?M:BlueFrogistheplaceforafamilyorfriendstogettogether.Itisnearourschool.W:Alright.Uptoyou.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8．Whatisthemainindustryinthewoman’shometownnow?A．Fishing. B．Sheepfarming. C．Potatogrowing.9．Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman’shometown?A．It’sremendedfortravelling.B．It’saplacewithpleasantweather.C．It’snotagoodplacetomakealiving.【答案】8．C9．B【原文】M:Hello,IamareporterfromtheNewsDaily.CanIaskyouafewquestionsaboutyourhometown?W:Yes,please.M:Isfarmingthemainindustryhere?W:Well,actually,no.Thereusedtobealotofsheepfarmingandfishingbutrecentlyalotofpeoplehavestartedgrowingpotatoes.M:Isee.Ah,what’stheweatherlike?W:Insummer,wegetsomefairlyniceandsunnydays,withatemperatureofabout20degreescentigrade.Inwinter,theaveragetemperatureisabout8degreescentigrade,anditgetsalittlewet.M:Soundslikeagoodplace.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。10．Whoworkswithcars?A．Phil. B．Chris. C．Theman.11．Whatdoesthemanwantintheapartment?A．Twobedrooms.B．Abathroomwithashower.C．Twobathroomsandakitchen.12．Whichpartofthecitydoesthemanliketolivein?A．Thenorth. B．Thewest. C．Theeast.【答案】10．A11．B12．B【原文】W:Hello,Reynoldsestateagentshere.HowmayIhelpyou?M:Hellothisisbill.I’mringingtoseewhatflatsyouhaveforrent.Threeofusaregoingtoshareone.W:Isee,areyoustudents?M:No,we’veallgotfulltimejobs.Twoofusworkinthecentralbank.That’sChrisandme.AndPhilworksforHarlemcars.W:AndIsupposeyou’llbelookingforsomewherewiththreebedrooms.M:Yeah,atleastthree.W:Isthatwithalivingroomtoshareplusthekitchenandabathroom?M:Thatsoundsgood.Butwemusthaveabathroomwithashower.Wedon’tmindhavingabath,buttheshoweriscrucial.W:Okay.I’lljustkeythatin.Areyouinterestedinanyparticulararea?M:Wellthecitycenterisourfirstpreference.Butwe’dconsideranythinginthewesternsuburbs.Wearen’tinterestedintheNorthortheeastofthecity.W:OK,I’mjustgettingupalltheflatsonourbooks.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。13．Whoistheman?A．Ahost. B．Afarmer. C．Abusinessman.14．WhydidthewomanstarttheFoodExchange?A．Tosavemoney. B．Toavoidwastingfood. C．Tobringpeopletogether.15．WhereistheFoodExchange?A．Inasupermarket. B．Inabackyard. C．Bytheroadside.16．WhatdoesthewomanbringtotheFoodExchange?A．Jam. B．Driedfruit. C．Freshvegetables.【答案】13．A14．B15．C16．A【原文】M:Weletotoday’sprogram.WehaveLisaGayewithus.Goodmorning,Lisa.W:Morning,everyone!M:YourFoodExchangereallytakesourtownbystormthesedays,Lisa.About1,000peopleintownhavejoinedit.Wheredidyougetthisbrilliantidea?W:Well,myneighborhasplentyofvegetablesinherbackyard.Sheoftensharesthemwithme,ortheymaygobad.So,Icameupwiththeideaofstartingafoodexchange.Inthisway,peoplecansharefoodwitheachother.Nofoodwillgotowaste.M:Niceone!We’veheardthattheFoodExchangewasbuiltbytheroadside,right?W:Yeah.Actually,it’sjustasimplewoodenstand.Peoplebringtheirhomegrownvegetablesandfruitsthereandtakehomewhattheywant.Andthey’reexpectedtopostavideoorsomephotosontheirsocialmedia.Thus,othersknowwhathasbeenaddedortaken.M:Whataboutthosepeoplewhodon’tgrowanything?W:Haha,I’moneofthosepeople.Iusuallytakesomefreshfruit,jamordriedvegetablesthere.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17．WhatdoweknowaboutFLVS?A．Itisapublicschool.B．Itsteachersarevirtual.C．It’sUSA’slargestschool.18．WhatcanwesayaboutthecoursesofferedbyFLVS?A．Cheap. B．Flexible. C．Academic.19．HowmanyoptionsaretheretotakethecoursesatFLVS?A．2. B．3. C．4.20．WhatshouldhedoifTomwantstoattendFLVSasahomeschoolstudent?A．Provehe’s18. B．Passanexamonline. C．Getparents’permission.【答案】17．A18．B19．B20．C【原文】M:Hi,everyone.Todaylet’slearnsomethingaboutanonlineschoolcalledFloridavirtualschool.FlVSforshort.It’sAmerica’sfirstandlargestonlinepublicschoolandprovideseducationaloptionsthatareobviouslydifferentthanmosttraditionalschools.OurprogramsareFree,ourteachersarereal.Thecourseworkisreal,andthegradesthestudentshavearealsoreal.Everythingisonline,sostudentscanworkaccordingtotheirownschedule,studyingfromanyplaceandatanypace.Actually,studentshavetheseoptionsatFLVStheycansignupforafewonlinecourseswhilestillattendingatraditionalschoolorstudyonlineasahomeschoolstudentorevenattendourFLVSfulltime,whichisapublicschoolthatoperatesonatraditional180dayschoolyear.Studentswillbeofferedthecertificatesafterpassingtheexamwhenyou’rereadytosignup,pletethesignupprocess.Ifyou’reahomeschoolstudent,yourparentsmustapprovetheregistration.MarkSpencer,theschooldirectorsaysfindingtherightonlineschoolcanbroadenastudent’seducationalpossibilities.第二部分

阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节

（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A（原创试题）题源：AdaptedfromtheYewChungEducationFoundationwebsiteOverseasLearningProgramsforStudentsTheSomersetYewWahClassroom,UK,offersadistinctiveEnglishlanguageandlifeeducationprogramtailoredforGrade6,Grade8,andGrade10students.Establishedin2006,theSomersetEnglishlearningandculturalcenterprovidesstudentswithanauthenticEnglishenvironmentexperience.LocatedinatraditionalEnglishvillageinSomerset,Sibley’sBarnandtheKnowleHallcampusofferstudentsauniquesettingforlearning.TheKnowleHallcampus,anewlyrenovatedVictorianeracountryhousebuilton15acresoflandinbeautifulopenparkland,wasestablishedin2016.Thisprogramenhancesstudents'selfconfidence,independence,teamwork,andleadershipskills,ultimatelycontinuingtobenefitthemupontheirreturntoChina.WorldClassroomTheWorldClassroomprogramisanextensionoftheprojectbasedlearningapproachatthecoreoftheYewWaheducationalmodel.Itallowsstudentstoexploremajorculturesworldwide,includingEuropean,African,MiddleEastern,Pacific,andAngloAmericancultures.Thisimmersiveexperiencebroadensstudents'perspectives,promotescriticalthinking,andfostersanappreciationfordiverseviewpoints,preparingthemtothriveinanincreasinglyglobalizedworld.ExperiencingChinaTheExperiencingChinaprogramofferssecondarystudentstheopportunitytodelveintoChinesehistoryandculturebyvisitingvariousregionsofthecountry.Thisresidentialprogramnotonlydeepensstudents'understandingoftheirownculturebutalsoexposesthemtofirsthandcrossculturalexperiences.Throughtheseexperiences,studentsdevelopcriticalthinkingskillsandcultivateanappreciationfordifferentcultures,ultimatelyshapingthemintoglobalcitizenswithamitmenttoservingtheirmunitiesandsociety.TripsandExcursionsTripsandexcursionsareintegraltothestudents'learningjourney,providingopportunitiestoexpandtheirhorizons,enrichtheirexperiences,andstrengthentheirmunicationandproblemsolvingskills.TheHongKongHike,atraditionalannualoutdooractivity,challengesstudentstorelyonteamworkandpersonaldeterminationtoovereobstaclesandreachtheirdestination.Parentshavenotedsignificantpositivechangesintheirchildrenafterparticipatinginsuchactivities,includingincreasedmaturity,independence,andresponsibility.WhatistheprimaryfocusoftheSomersetYewWahClassroomprogram?A.Culturalexchange B.ScienceeducationC.Languageimmersion D.Historicalstudies22.WhatistheobjectiveoftheWorldClassroomprogram?A.Topromotelocalculture B.ToexplorediverseculturesworldwideC.Tofocusonprojectbasedlearning D.Todevelopleadershipskills23.Howdotripsandexcursionscontributetostudents'development?A.ByprovidingopportunitiesforlanguagelearningB.ByenhancingteamworkandproblemsolvingskillsC.ByemphasizingacademicachievementD.Byofferingculturalexchangeexperiences【答案】21．C22．B23．B【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了耀华教育基金会提供的海外学习项目，包括SomersetYewWahClassroom在英国的英语语言和生活教育课程、WorldClassroom项目、ExperiencingChina项目以及各种旅行和郊游活动。这些项目旨在帮助学生拓展视野、增强团队合作和解决问题的能力，并提供跨文化交流的机会，培养学生成为具有全球视野和服务社会承诺的全球公民。【21题详解】推理判断题。文章提到SomersetYewWahClassroom项目是一个英语语言和生活教育项目，旨在帮助学生提高英语语言能力。在项目描述中提到，“Studentswillhavetheopportunitytoengageinavarietyoflanguagerichactivities,includingdiscussion,debate,andpresentations,andwillbenefitfromimmersiveEnglishlanguageexperiencesbothinsideandoutsidetheclassroom.”这表明该项目将提供各种语言丰富的活动，并提供课内外的英语语言沉浸体验，因此主要焦点是语言沉浸，选项C是正确答案。【22题详解】推理判断题。文章中介绍了WorldClassroom项目允许学生了解全球主要文化，包括欧洲、非洲、中东、太平洋和英美文化。在描述该项目时提到，“Studentswillhavetheopportunitytoexploreawiderangeofculturesacrosstheglobe,includingEuropean,African,MiddleEastern,Pacific,andAngloAmericancultures.”这表明该项目的目标是让学生了解并探索全球多样化的文化，选项B是正确答案。【23题详解】推理判断题。文章提到旅行和郊游活动挑战学生依靠团队合作和个人决心克服障碍，这种挑战可以帮助学生提高团队合作和解决问题的能力。在描述这些活动时提到，“OutdoorpursuitslikehikinginHongKongchallengestudentstorelyonteamworkandpersonaldeterminationtoovereobstacles.”这表明这些活动有助于提高学生的团队合作和解决问题的能力，选项B是正确答案。BEarlyon,SandraMarshallshowedatalentandloveforart.ANewYorknative,Sandraowesherpassionforart,andherthirstforlearning,tochildhoodtripsintoNewYorkCitytovisitthemuseums,andgalleries.AfterSandrareceivedaBachelorofArtsdegreefromArizonaStateUniversity,sheworkedasaportraitpainterandmural(壁画)artistbutturnedtofoodartwhenherdaughterdeclaredshewouldnolongereatmeat.Sandrastartedexploringwithfruitsandvegetablestomakecookingmorefun,andwasinspiredbythecolorsofnature.Shewouldwritestoriesaboutherdinnertimeartpiecessoherchildrenwouldseethemagicinproduce.In2014,SandraopenedastudiocalledBe...AnArtistStudio,whichweledartiststoeandlearnmanydifferenttypesofart.Paintnights,sculptingnights,liveentertainmentandeventuallyacookingschool,allcametogetherandhelpedtobringthemunitycreatingtogether.Shewasfeaturedonmanytelevisionnetworksdisplayingherpassionsforthearts.SandrabeganpostinghercreationsonsocialmediawhichledtoherfirstpublishedbookOneHotNightattheVeggieBar.In2019,Sandraclosedherstudiotoexpandandbringarttomorepeople.Thisalsogavehermoretimetocreateandexplorehetownart,includingherfoodart.Sandrahostedpaintingevents,paintingwiththousandsofpeopleatherlargeBe...AnArtistevents,suchastheNationalFootballLeague’sownersmeetingin2019whereshepaintedwiththeNFLownersandtheirfamilies.Sandraisnowworkingwithschools,bringingthejoyofcreatingtochildrenandtheirfamilieswithher“SuccessForAll”paintingprogramsthatnresupportedbythesalesofherfoodartbooksandgrantsgiventotheschools.Lastyearalone,shepaintedwiththousandsofchildrenandtheirfamiliesoverZoom.24．ForwhatreasondidSandrachangeherarttheme?A．Shegotboredwithmuralart.B．Shewasattractedbythecolorsofnature.C．Shewantedtointroduceherdaughtertoart.D．Shehopedtomakecookingmoreappealing.25．Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph3?A．Sandra’sinfluence. B．Sandra’sartstyles.C．Sandra’sachievements. D．Sandra’sfutureplan.26．WhatdidSandradotopromoteart?A．Shewrotebooksonart. B．Sheheldlargepaintingevents.C．Sheopenedherownstudio. D．Shebegantotrydifferenttypesofart.27．Whatcouldbethebesttitleofthetext?A．TheStorybehindFoodArtB．TheRiseofBe...AnArtistStudioC．ATripShapingSandra’sArtisticCareerD．SandraMarshall:fromaPortraitPaintertoanArtAdvocate【答案】24．D25．C26．B27．D【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了SandraMarshall通过不断努力从一个肖像画和壁画画家到一个艺术提倡者，并宣传和推动艺术的故事。。24．推理判断题。由文章第二段中“AfterSandrareceivedaBachelorofArtsdegreefromArizonaStateUniversity,sheworkedasaportraitpainterandmural(壁画)artistbutturnedtofoodartwhenherdaughterdeclaredshewouldnolongereatmeat.Sandrastartedexploringwithfruitsandvegetablestomakecookingmorefun,andwasinspiredbythecolorsofnature.(桑德拉从亚利桑那州立大学获得文学学士学位后，曾担任肖像画家和壁画艺术家，但在女儿宣布不再吃肉后，她转向了食品艺术。桑德拉开始探索水果和蔬菜，让烹饪变得更有趣，她的灵感来自大自然的颜色。)”可知，桑德拉改变她的艺术主题，她希望让烹饪变得更有吸引力。故选D。25．主旨大意题。由文章第三段“In2014,SandraopenedastudiocalledBe...AnArtistStudio,whichweledartiststoeandlearnmanydifferenttypesofart.Paintnights,sculptingnights,liveentertainmentandeventuallyacookingschool,allcametogetherandhelpedtobringthemunitycreatingtogether.Shewasfeaturedonmanytelevisionnetworksdisplayingherpassionsforthearts.SandrabeganpostinghercreationsonsocialmediawhichledtoherfirstpublishedbookOneHotNightattheVeggieBar.(2014年，桑德拉开了一家名为Be……的工作室。一个艺术家工作室，欢迎艺术家们来学习许多不同类型的艺术。油漆之夜、雕刻之夜、现场娱乐活动，最终还有一所烹饪学校，所有这些都聚集起来，帮助把社区创造在一起。她曾在许多电视网络上亮相，展示了她对艺术的热情。桑德拉开始在社交媒体上发布她的创作，这使得她出版了第一本书《在素食酒吧的一个炎热的夜晚》。)”可知，第三段主要介绍了Sandra的成就。故选C。26．细节理解题。由文章第四段中“Sandrahostedpaintingevents,paintingwiththousandsofpeopleatherlargeBe...AnArtistevents,suchastheNationalFootballLeague’sownersmeetingin2019whereshepaintedwiththeNFLownersandtheirfamilies.(桑德拉举办了绘画活动，和成千上万的人一起画画。一个艺术家的活动，比如2019年美国国家橄榄球联盟的老板聚会，在那里她和NFL的老板以及他们的家人一起画画。)”可知，桑德拉为促进艺术举办大型绘画活动。故选B。27．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第二段中“AfterSandrareceivedaBachelorofArtsdegreefromArizonaStateUniversity,sheworkedasaportraitpainterandmural(壁画)artistbutturnedtofoodartwhenherdaughterdeclaredshewouldnolongereatmeat.(桑德拉从亚利桑那州立大学获得文学学士学位后，曾担任肖像画家和壁画艺术家，但在女儿宣布不再吃肉后，她转向了食品艺术。)”和文章第四段中“In2019,Sandraclosedherstudiotoexpandandbringarttomorepeople.Thisalsogavehermoretimetocreateandexplorehetownart,includingherfoodart.

(2019年，桑德拉关闭了她的工作室，以扩大规模，把艺术带给更多人。这也给了她更多的时间去创作和探索小镇艺术，包括她的食物艺术。)”可知，文章主要介绍了SandraMarshall通过不断努力从一个肖像画和壁画画家到一个艺术提倡者，宣传和推动艺术的故事。故选D。CBiologymaynotbeeverything,butgenesapparentlyhaveafargreaterinfluenceonhumanbehaviorthanismonlythought.Similaritiesrangingfromhobbiestobodilygesturearebeingfoundinpairsseparatedatbirth.Manyofthesebehaviorsare“thingsyouwouldneverthinkoflookingatifyouweregoingtostudythegeneticsofbehavior,”sayspsychologistThomasJ.

Bouchard,Jr.,directoroftheMinnesotaCenterforTwinandAdoptionResearchattheUniversityofMinnesota.Bouchardreportsthatsofar,exhaustivepsychologicaltestsandquestionnaireshavebeenpletedwithapproximately50pairsofidenticaltwinsrearedapart,25pairsoffraternaltwinsrearedapartandparisongroupsoftwinsrearedtogether.“Wewereamazedatthesimilarityinpostureandexpressivestyle,”saysBouchard.“It’sprobablythefeatureofthestudythat’sgrabbedusthemost.”Twinstendtohavesimilarmannerisms,gestures,speedandtempointalking,habitsandjokes.ManyofthetwinsdressedinsimilarfashiononemalepairwhohadneverpreviouslymetarrivedinEnglandsportingidenticalbeards,haircuts,glassesandshirts.Themoststrikingexampleofmonpsychopathology(精神病理学)however,camefromapairoftwinsraisedapart.Onehadbeenrearedbyhisown(poor)familytheotherhadbeenadoptedintoa“goodsoliduppermiddleclassfamily.”Botharenowconsideredtobeantisocialpersonalities,sufferingfromlackofimpulsecontrol,andbothhavecriminalhistories.Althoughthetwinsshare,onaverage,50percentoftheirgenes,Bouchardsuggeststhattheoverlapisprobablyconsiderablymorewiththispair.Personalitysimilaritiesbetweentheidenticaltwinsraisedapartarealmostthesameastheyarewithidenticaltwinsraisedtogether,accordingtotheresultsofatestdevelopedbyUniversityofMinnesotapsychologistAukeTellegen.Hispersonalityquestionnairecontainsscalessuchas“socialcloseness,”“harmavoidance”and“wellbeing.”Theresearcherswereespeciallysurprisedtofindthat“traditionalism”atraitimplyingconservatismandrespectforauthoritycanbeinherited.Infact,saysBouchard,hisandotherstudieshavefoundabout11personalitytraitsthatappeartohavesignificantgeneticinput.Overall,theemergingfindingsoftheMinnesotastudyconstituteapowerfuldisproofofthosewhomaintainthatenvironmentalinfluencesaretheprimaryshapingforcesofpersonality.Thetextbooksaregoingtohavetoberewritten,Bouchardpredicts.28．WhydoesBouchardsaythesebehaviorsare“thingsyouwouldneverthinkoflookingatifyouweregoingtostudythegeneticsofbehavior?”A．Thesebehaviorsseemedtoounimportantforscientiststoobserve.B．Thesebehaviorsseemedtoointimatetoallowscientiststoobservethem.C．Psychologistsassumedtheseexternalcharacteristicscouldnotbebiologicallybased.D．Psychologistsassumedthecausesofthesebehaviorsweretooplicatedforcurrentmethodsofobservations.29．Theword“identical”(inpara.2)mostprobablymeans________.A．fashionable B．alike C．plex D．identified30．Accordingtothepassage,AukeTellegenagreesthat________.A．sometextbooksongenesandbehaviorwillberewrittenquitesoon.B．people’sbehaviorsandpersonalitiesdependatlargeontheirgenesC．hispersonalityquestionnairecanindicatepeople’s11personalitytraitsD．theenvironmentalinfluenceshavegreateffectonpeople’spersonalities31．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Twinsgenerallysharethesamehobbiesandgesturesiftheyareraisedapart.B．Geneshaveagreaterinfluenceonhumanbehaviorthanismonlythought.C．Peoplefromuppermiddleclassfamilyarethesameasthosefrompoorfamily.D．Twinstendtodressinsimilarfashionevenwhenbroughtupindifferentfamilies.【答案】28．C29．B30．B31．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了生物学领域中关于基因对人类行为影响的研究，特别关注于同卵双胞胎在分开抚养的情况下所展现出的相似性。文中提到了多项研究和测试结果，包括心理学家对双胞胎行为特征的观察和分析，以及基因在塑造性格特质中所起的作用。28．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Biologymaynotbeeverything,butgenesapparentlyhaveafargreaterinfluenceonhumanbehaviorthanismonlythought.(生物学可能不是万能的，但基因对人类行为的影响显然比人们通常认为的要大得多)”以及Bouchard所说的话可推测，在过去的研究或认知中，这些行为特征（如爱好、身体姿势等）并没有被认为与生物学或基因有直接关系。因此，心理学家可能认为这些外在特征不是基于生物学的，所以未将它们纳入行为遗传学的研究范围。故选C。29．词句猜测题。根据划线单词上文“Manyofthetwinsdressedinsimilarfashion(许多双胞胎的穿着都很相似)”可知，许多双胞胎的穿着都很相似；由此推知，划线单词所在句指的是这对从未谋面的男性所留的胡子、发型、所戴眼镜等都很“相似”。选项A“fashionable(时尚的)”；选项B“alike(相似的)”；选项C“plex(复杂的)”；选项D“identified(经鉴定的)”。故选B。30．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Personalitysimilaritiesbetweentheidenticaltwinsraisedapartarealmostthesameastheyarewithidenticaltwinsraisedtogether,accordingtotheresultsofatestdevelopedbyUniversityofMinnesotapsychologistAukeTellegen.Hispersonalityquestionnairecontainsscalessuchas“socialcloseness,”“harmavoidance”and“wellbeing.”(根据明尼苏达大学心理学家AukeTellegen进行的一项测试的结果，分开抚养的同卵双胞胎与一起抚养的同卵双胞胎的性格相似度几乎相同。他的人格问卷包括“社会亲密度”、“避免伤害”和“幸福感”等量表)”可知，AukeTellegen认为人们的行为和个性很大程度上取决于他们的基因。故选B。31．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Biologymaynotbeeverything,butgenesapparentlyhaveafargreaterinfluenceonhumanbehaviorthanismonlythought.(生物学可能不是万能的，但基因对人类行为的影响显然比人们通常认为的要大得多。)”以及全文内容可知，这篇文章主要讨论了基因对人类行为的影响，特别是通过双胞胎研究来揭示基因在塑造个体行为中的角色。文章开头就明确指出“基因显然对人类行为的影响远比通常认为的要大”，并通过多个例子和研究结果来支持这一观点。因此，整篇文章的核心内容是关于基因对人类行为的重要影响。故选B。DSmallbatteriesarebigproblems,butnobodyreallypaysattentiontowheretheyendup.ResearchersattheCellulose&WoodMaterialsLaboratoryareworkingtoaddressthisproblem.Theirnewresearchpaperdescribesawateractivatedpaperbatterydevelopedfromenvironmentallyfriendlymaterialsthatcouldeventuallypresentasustainablealternativetothemoreharmfulbatteriesmoninlowpowerdevices.Thepaperbatteryhasthesamekeyponentsasstandardbatteriesbutpackagesthemdifferently.Likeatypicalchemicalbattery,ithasapositivelychargedsidecalledacathode,anegativelychargedsidecalledananode,andaconductivematerialcalledanelectrolyte(电解质)betweenthetwo.Atraditionalbattery’sponentsareencasedinplasticandmetal;inthenewbattery,theanodeandcathodeareinksprintedontothefrontandbackofapieceofpaper.Thatpaperisfilledwithsalt,whichdissolves(溶解)whenthepaperisdampenedwithwater.Theresultingsaltwatersolutionactsastheelectrolyte.Sustainablematerialswereapreconditionfortheresearchers,whoconsideredonlysafeandplentifulingredientstocreatetheirdevice.“Wewerefairlyconfidentthatwewouldhavesomethingthatwouldworkintheend,butdevelopingthesematerialsandinksystemsischallenging,”saysGustavNyström,seniorauthorofthestudy.Aftertryinghundredsofformulationsforthebatteryponents,theresearcherssettledonagraphiteinktomakethecathode,azincinkfortheanode,andsaltfilledpapertocreatetheelectrolyte.Whenthepaperisdry,thebatteryisshelfstable.Addjustacoupleofdropsofwater,however,andthesaltdissolves,allowingelectronstoflow.Oncethepaperisdampened,thebatteryactivateswithin20seconds.Thenewbattery’soperatingperformancedeclinesasthepaperdries.Whenthescientistsrewetthepaperduringtesting,thebatteryregainedfunctionalityandlastedanhourbeforebeginningtodryoutagain.Althoughtheresearchersdemonstratedthattheirbatterycouldpoweranalarmclock,thepaperbatteriesareunlikelytoreplacestandardonesonstoreshelves.Nyströmenvisionsafuturewherethesepaperbatteriescouldmaketheirwayintoproductswithinthenexttwotofiveyears.“Theperformancethatyouseeonthisdevice,Ithink,issufficientforalotofotherapplicationsalready,”hesays.Itismostlyamatterofscalingupproductionandintegratingthebatteriesintosystemssuchasdiagnostictestsandenvironmentalsensors.”32．Howisthepaperbatterysimilartothestandardbattery?A．Theybothhavetwochargedsidesandanelectrolyte.B．Theyarebothpackagedinplasticandmetal.C．Thekeyponentsareenvironmentallyfriendly.D．Bothbatteriescanoperateforonlyanhour.33．________istheconditionforthepaperbatterytowork.A．Heatingthesalt B．WettingthepaperC．Dryingoutthebattery D．Chargingtheelectrons34．Nyströmwillmostlikelyagreewiththepredictionthat________.A．majortechnologicalbreakthroughwillbemadeinthenearfutureB．allhomeapplianceswillbepoweredbypaperbatteriesC．paperbatterieswillhavelongershelflifethantraditionalonesD．thefutureforawideapplicationofpaperbatteriesisnotfaroff35．Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribesthesignificanceofpaperbattery?A．Itadvancesthebatterymanufacturingindustry.B．Itisalowcostalternativetotraditionalbattery.C．Itisacreativewaytoreducepotentialewaste.D．Itturnsdangerousewasteintousefulproducts.【答案】32．A33．B34．D35．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了这种有环保材料开发的水活化纸电池比标准电池对环境保护的益处以及工作原理。32．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thepaperbatteryhasthesamekeyponentsasstandardbatteriesbutpackagesthemdifferently.Likeatypicalchemicalbattery,ithasapositivelychargedsidecalledacathode,anegativelychargedsidecalledananode,andaconductivematerialcalledanelectrolyte(电解质)betweenthetwo.(纸电池的关键部件与标准电池相同，但包装不同。与典型的化学电池一样，它有一个带正电的一侧称为阴极，带负电的一侧也称为阳极，两者之间有一种称为电解质的导电材料)”可知，纸电池与标准电池相似之处是都有两个带电面，阳极和阴极，以及一个称为电解质的导电材料。故选A。33．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Atraditionalbattery’sponentsareencasedinplasticandmetal;inthenewbattery,theanodeandcathodeareinksprintedontothefrontandbackofapieceofpaper.Thatpaperisfilledwithsalt,whichdissolves(溶解)whenthepaperisdampenedwithwater.Theresultingsaltwatersolutionactsastheelectrolyte.(传统电池的组件是用塑料和金属包裹的，而新型电池的阳极和阴极是印在一张纸的正反面上的墨水。这张纸里装满了盐，当纸被水浸湿时，盐就会溶解。由此产生的盐水溶液充当电解质)”可知，纸电池工作的条件是要把纸弄湿，盐才会溶解，盐水溶液才能充当电解质。故选B。34．推理判断题。根据第三段中的““Wewerefairlyconfidentthatwewouldhavesomethingthatwouldworkintheend,butdevelopingthesematerialsandinksystemsischallenging,”saysGustavNyström,seniorauthorofthestudy.(该研究的高级作者GustavNyström说：“我们非常有信心，我们最终会有一些有效