高中一轮复习英语必修一Unit5NelsonMandelaamodernhero

Unit5NelsonMandela—amodernhero一、单词表词汇全查验——运用多媒体，提问默写词汇Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)[第一屏听写]1．meanadj. 吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的2．generousadj. 慷慨的；大方的3．easy­goingadj. 随和的；温和宽容的4．selfn. 自我；自身5．selfishadj. 自私的6．selflessadj. 无私的；忘我的7．selflesslyadv. 无私地；忘我地[第二屏听写]8．invadern． 侵略者9．republicn. 共和国；共和政体10．principlen. 法则；原则；原理11．livelihoodn. 生计；谋生12．mankindn. 人类13．lawyern. 律师14．legaladj. 法律的；依照法律的15．feen. 费(会费、学费等)；酬金[第三屏听写]16．leaguen． 同盟；联盟；联合会17．YouthLeague 青年团18．quoten. 引用语；语录19．releasevt. 释放；发行20．blanketn. 毛毯；毯子21．terrorn. 恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖时期；恐怖活动22．anti­[前缀] _反；抗；阻23．anti­blackadj. 反黑人的Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)[第四屏听写]1．qualityn． 质量；品质；性质2．warm­heartedadj. 热心肠的3．activeadj. 积极的；活跃的4．devotevt. (与to连用)献身；专心于5．devotedadj. 忠实的；深爱的6．foundvt. 建立；建设7．peacefuladj. 和平的；平静的；安宁的8．hopefuladj. 怀有希望的；有希望的[第五屏听写]9．youthn． 青年；青年时期10．guidancen. 指导；领导11．stagen. 舞台；阶段；时期12．votevt.&vi. 投票；选举n. 投票；选票；表决13．attackvt. 进攻；攻击；抨击14．equaladj. 相等的；平等的15．willingadj. 乐意的；自愿的[第六屏听写]16．unfairadj. 不公正的；不公平的17．escapevi.&vt. 逃脱；逃走；避开；泄露18．educatevt. 教育；训练19．educatedadj. 受过教育的；有教养的20．begvi. 请求；乞求21．relativen. 亲戚；亲属22．rewardn. 报酬；奖金vt. 酬劳；奖赏[第七屏听写]23．sentencevt. 判决；宣判24．presidentn. 总统；会长；校长；行长25．opinionn. 意见；看法；主张26．violencen. 暴力；暴行27．crueltyn. 残忍；残酷28．out_of_work 失业29．as_a_matter_of_fact 事实上[第八屏听写]30．blow_up 使充气；爆炸31．in_trouble 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中32．turn_to 求助于；致力于33．lose_heart 丧失勇气或信心34．e_to_power 当权；上台35．set_up 设立；建立36．be_sentenced_to被判处……(徒刑)二、单元核心考点初热身——提供语境，单元考点自测回顾(一)分类识记单词——用时少·功效高识记单词写对Ⅰ.知其意(英译汉)1.meanadj.吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的2.quoten.引用语；语录3.leaguen.同盟；联盟；联合会4.releasevt.释放；发行5.livelihoodn.生计；谋生Ⅱ.写其形(汉译英)1.hopefuladj.怀有希望的；有希望的2.youthn.青年；青年时期3.willingadj.乐意的；自愿的4.unfairadj.不公正的；不公平的5.begvi.请求；乞求6.relativen．亲戚；亲属7.warm­heartedadj.热心肠的8.stagen.舞台；阶段；时期9.attackvt.进攻；攻击；抨击10.presidentn.总统；会长；校长；行长核心单词练通1.TsinghuaUniversity,founded(建立)in1911,isoneofthebestuniversitiesinChina.2.Ourpanyismoreconcernedwithquality(质量)thanquantity.3.Theymanagedtoescape(逃脱)fromtheburningbuildingbybreakingdownthedoor.4.Thegovernmentrewarded(奖赏)himforsavingtheoldmaninthewell.5.Blackpeoplecouldnotvote(选举)orchoosetheirleadersinthepast.6.Wemayhavedifferentopinions(看法)inorganizingclassactivities.7.Hewasinvolvedinabankrobberyandwassentenced(判处)tosixyearsinprison.拓展单词用活[记全记牢]1.activeadj.积极的；活跃的→activelyadv.积极地；活跃地→activityn．活动2.devotevt.献身；专心于→devotedadj.忠实的；深爱的→devotionn．关爱；献身；奉献；忠诚3.peacefuladj.和平的；平静的；安宁的→peacefullyadv.和平地→peacen．和平；平静；和睦4.guidancen．指导；领导→guidevt.带领，引导n．向导5.violencen．暴力；暴行→violentadj.暴力的；猛烈的→violentlyadv.猛烈地6.equaladj.相等的；平等的→equalityn．平等；相等→equallyadv.同样地；相等地；公平地7.educatevt.教育；训练→educatedadj.受过教育的；有教养的→educationn．教育→educatorn．教育工作者；教育家8.crueltyn．残忍；残酷→crueladj.残忍的；残酷的[用准用活]1.Inordertogiveheragoodeducation,_herparentssenthertoafamousschooltobeeducated.(educate)2.Chinaisknowntobeapeacefulcountry.It'sbeenamodelofpeaceintheworld.(peace)3.Bethune,adevotedfriendofChinese,devotedhislifetohelpingChinese.Ireallyrespecthisdevotiontomedicalwork.(devote)4.Allmenarebornequal,_soeveryonehopestobetreatedequallybecauseequalityisthebasicdemand.(equal)5.Hecriticizedviolentlythatthegovernmentdidlittletostoptheviolenceinthecountry.(violent)⇩eq\a\vs4\al(积得多平时多输入，用时顺手出)1.“n.＋­ful→adj.”荟萃①peace→peaceful和平的②pain→painful痛苦的③harm→harmful有害的④power→powerful强大的⑤meaning→meaningful有意义的⑥cheer→cheerful欢乐的2.后缀­ance高频名词全接触①guidance指导；领导②importance重要；重要性③ignorance无知；愚昧④significance意义；重要性⑤appearance出现⑥tolerance宽容；容忍3.“奖；奖赏”家族①rewardvt.酬劳；奖赏n.报酬；奖金②awardvt.授予；奖给n.奖品；奖金③prizen.奖金；奖品④bonusn.奖金；红利(二)语段串记短语——不枯燥·兴趣高先写对再用准第一组1.out_of_work失业2.in_trouble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中3.turn_to求助于；致力于4.lose_heart_丧失勇气或信心5e_to_power当权；上台6.as_a_matter_of_fact_事实上Thesituationhasbeeworseandworsesincethenewgovernment①came_to_power.Iam②out_of_workandfeelatalosswhattodo.Iwill③turn_tomyfriend,Maryforadvicetomorrow,whoalwaysencouragesmenotto④lose_heart.ShetoldmeIshouldbehopefulaboutthefuturewhenIam⑤in_trouble.第二组1.blow_up使充气；爆炸2.set_up设立；建立3.be_sentenced_to被判处……(徒刑)4.be_willing_to_do愿意做……5.be_in_prison坐牢6.in_one's_opinion/view在某人看来7.fight_for为……而战NelsonMandeladevotedallhislifetorealizingthedreamthatpeoplewithdifferentcolorsshouldbeequal.He①set_upalawofficetoofferguidancetopoorblackpeopleontheirlegalproblems.Oneday,oneofhissupportershelpedhim②blow_upthegovernmentbuildingsto③fight_fortheirrights.Unfortunately,he④was_sentenced_toprisonforlifeonRobbenIslanduntil1990.⇩eq\a\vs4\al(积得多平时多输入，用时顺手出)1.“in＋n.”短语面面观①introuble在困境中②indanger处于危险中③inreturn作为回报④indetail详细地⑤inorder井然有序⑥inplace在适当的位置⑦invain徒劳地⑧inpeace平静地2.“动词＋to”短语荟萃①turnto求助于；致力于②objectto反对③referto谈到；涉及；参阅④pointto指向⑤belongto属于⑥stickto坚持；忠于⑦seeto处理；料理⑧eto共计；苏醒(三)仿写用活句式——造佳句·表达高背原句明句式学仿写1.Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress...过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺了我们的权利，阻挡了我们的进步……主语是时间或地点名词，谓语是see,find等动词，表示经历或目睹了某事。近几年一些环境灾难大规模地出现，专家们预测更坏的局面即将来临。The_last_few_years_have_seenenvironmentaldisastersonagrandscale,andexpertsarepredictingfarworsetoe.2onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.……只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。only修饰状语放在句首，句子用部分倒装。只有通过多练习剪纸，你才能掌握这门民间艺术。(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)Onlybypractisingpaper­cuttingmorecan_you_learn_the_folk_art.3.IfeltbadthefirsttimeItalkedtoagroup.第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。thefirsttime“第一次……”，引导时间状语从句。第一次比赛失败，我们都感到很沮丧，因为我们都全身心地为此做了充分准备。(2013·湖南高考书面表达)The_first_time_we_lost_the_match,_weallfeltverydepressed,becausewehadallbeendevotedtomakingfullpreparationsforit.考点新组合阅读微技能ThefirsttimeIheardofStephenHawking,Iwasmovedbyhisdevotiontotheresearch.Asforhisdailylife,heisingreattrouble.Forexample,onlywhenheturnstotheputerisitpossibleforhimtospeak,readandwrite❶.However,hedevotes________(he)❷tothestudyofscienceandhiscontributionstotheworldhavenoequal.Inmyopinion,nothingcouldbeinrewardforhiscontributions________❸science.1.把句①改为正常语序：For_example,_it_is_possible_for_him_to_speak,_read_and_write_only_when_he_turns_to_the_puter.2.②处应填词的正确形式为himself。3.③处应填介词to。1．devotevt.献身；专心于(1)devote...to... 把……奉献于……devoteoneselfto 献身于……；致力于……(2)devotedadj. 忠实的；深爱的bedevotedto(doing)sth. 专心于(做)某事； 奉献于(做)某事(3)devotionn. 关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚[多角练透]单句语法填空①Oncemarried,Jodevotedherwholelifetolookingafterchildrenandbeingafulltimehomemaker.②Devoting(devote)herself/Devoted(devote)toteachingthedeafchildren,theyoungladyhaslittletimetocareforherowndaughter.③Tobehonest,LiLeiismydevoted(devote)friend.④Hisdevotion(devote)tothisworkmovesthepeopledeeply.补全句子⑤Youwillnevergainsuccessunlessyouare_fully_devoted_toyourwork.除非你完全专注于你的工作，不然你永远不会获得成功。[联想发散]以下短语中to是介词，不是不定式符号，后接动词时应用动名词形式。①lookforwardtodoingsth. 盼望做某事②objecttodoingsth. 反对做某事③getdowntodoingsth. 开始做某事④payattentiontodoingsth. 注意做某事⑤be/getused/accustomedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事2．equaladj.相等的；平等的；同等的；胜任的vt.等于；抵得上n.同等的人；相等物(1)beequaltosth./doingsth. 等于/胜任(做)某事withoutequal无与伦比equalsb./sth.in(doing)sth. 在(做)某事上比得过、敌得过某人/物(2)equalityn. 平等equallyadv. 相等地；同等地；均等地；同样地[多角练透]单句语法填空①HispaintingsarewithoutequalintheWesternworld.②Nobodycanequalhiminintelligence.③Menandwomenmustbetreatedequally(equal)ineducationandemployment.单句写作④其次，要积极向上和开心，因为你的心理健康和身体健康同等重要。(2014·江西高考书面表达)Foranother,bepositiveandcheerful,foryourmentalhealthis_equal_to_your_physical_health.[联想发散]表示“胜任……”的其他常见表达：①beupto②befitfor③bequalifiedfor3．rewardn．报酬；奖金vt.酬劳；奖赏(1)asareward(for...) 作为(对……的)报酬/奖赏inrewardfor 为酬谢……；作为……的奖励(2)rewardsb.with...forsth. 为某事而用……酬谢某人(3)rewardingadj. 值得做的；有益的；有意义的[多角练透]单句语法填空①Wegavehimagiftasarewardforhiskindness.②Hereceivedamedalinrewardforhisbravery.③Theyrewardedthewinnerswithgiftsoffruitsandflowerswhenthematchended.单句写作④你提到你可以教我英语作为回报，这恰恰正是我想要的。(2015·四川高考书面表达)Youmentionedthatyou_could_teach_me_English_as_a_reward,_whichisexactlywhatIwant.4．introuble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中askfortrouble 自找麻烦；自讨苦吃getintotrouble 陷入困境；惹麻烦havetrouble(in)doingsth./withsth. 做某事方面有困难/麻烦takethetroubletodosth. 不怕费事或困难尽力做某事[多角练透]单句语法填空①Ifyouareintrouble,Mikeisalwayswillingtolendahand.②Wheneverwehavetroublewithourstudies,ourteachersalwayshelpuspatiently.③Youcan'timaginethetroubleIhadpersuading(persuade)himtochangehismind.④Thanksforthetroubleyouhavetakento_help(help)us.补全句子⑤WhatworriesmealotisthatIam_really_having_trouble_in_collecting_information_and_using_language.让我十分担心的是，我在收集信息和使用语言方面确实有困难。5．turnto求助于；翻到(书的某页)；致力于；查阅；转向[一词多义]写出下列句中turnto的含义①Heisreadytohelpothers,seldom,ifever,refusingthemwhentheyturntohim.求助于②Afterheleftuniversityhebecameateacher,butlaterturnedtojournalism.转向③Youshouldn'talwaysturntothedictionarywhenyoumeetnewwordsinreading.查阅④Pleaseturntopage40.翻到[归纳拓展]turndown 关小；拒绝turnaway 拒绝……入内；把……打发走turnup 出现；露面；调大turnout 证明是；结果是；赶走；生产turnover 打翻；翻身；移交⑤Somepromiseswereunavoidable,butthevideoturned_outperfect.(2017·北京高考书面表达)一些妥协是不可避免的，但视频证明是极好的。6．thefirsttime引导时间状语从句Ifeltbadthe_first_timeItalkedtoagroup.第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。有类似用法的词语还有：(1)each/everytime 每次……时nexttime 下次……时thelasttime 上次……时(2)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(themoment/theminute/theinstant,immediately/instantly/directly))一……就……①The_first_time_he_met_the_girlhewasstruckbyherwisdomandfellinlovewithherdeeply.他第一次遇到这个女孩就被她的睿智所打动，并深深地爱上了她。②Every/Each_time_I_see_the_old_maninthepark,heisabsorbedinreadingnewspapers.每次我在公园里看到这位老人时，他都在专注地读报纸。[名师指津]thefirsttime表示“第一次”，在句中可作宾语、表语，还可以用作连词，引导时间状语从句。forthefirsttime表示“第一次”，独立作状语， 不引导从句。③Hebecameinterestedintheyoungteacher'slessonthe_first_timeheattendedhisclass.Hewassoexcitedinclassfor_the_first_time.他第一次上课时就对这位年轻老师的课感兴趣。他第一次上课这么兴奋。7．“only＋状语”置于句首的倒装句式...only_then_did_wedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.……只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。only放在句首修饰状语(通常是副词、介词短语或状语从句等)时，句子需要部分倒装。①Onlybyunderstandingandlearningfromeachothercan_we_spendthosedaystogetherhappily.(2014·天津高考书面表达)只有通过相互理解、彼此学习我们才能一起开心地度过那些美好的日子。②There'snodenyingthatonlyifwedealwithandoverelargenumbersofdifficultiesinacorrectwaywill_we_achieve_our_dreams.(2015·湖南高考满分作文)不可否认，只有我们以正确的方式处理和克服大量的困难我们才会实现我们的梦想。[名师指津](1)“only＋从句”放在句首时，倒装的是主句，从句不倒装；(2)only放在句首修饰主语时不用倒装。③Onlyafewofthechildrenhaven'tyetgotachanceofbeingeducated.仍有少数儿童未得到受教育的机会。考点新组合阅读微技能Wehavereachedastage________❶wemusttakeeffectivemeasurestoprotecttheenvironmentfromgoingbadtoworse.Now,anyonewho❷doesharmtoourenvironmentwon'tescapebeingpunished.Andthepastfewmonthshavewitnessedchangesintheenvironment.Theairquality,________❸isshowninthereport,hasimprovedgradually.1.①处应填关系词where。2.用高级词汇替换anyonewho：whoever。3.③处应填as。8.escapev．&n．逃脱；逃生；泄露；被遗忘；逃走；避开(1)escape(doing)sth. 逃避(做)某事escapefrom 从……逃脱；逃避(2)anarrowescape 九死一生；死里逃生[多角练透]单句语法填空①Heescapedbeing_killed(kill)intheexplosionbecausehehadnotgonetowork.②Seeingthepoisonousgasescapingfromthebrokenpipe,hesoundedthealarm.写出加黑单词在语境中的含义③Boblookedbackonlytofindanoldclassmatewhosenameescapedhimforthemoment.被遗忘9．拟人修辞手法The_last_thirty_years_have_seenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress,untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺了我们的权利，阻挡了我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。(1)see意为“见证，目睹，经历”时，常以表示时代、年代、世纪或地点的名词作主语，表示某时或某地“目睹、发生、经历”了某事。(2)与see用法相同的动词有find,witness,say,experience等，这些词在句中作谓语，用物作主语时，表示一种拟人的手法，以增添语言色彩，使表达更形象。①The_year_1949_saw_the_foundingofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.1949年见证了中华人民共和国的建立。②ThetwostonelionsstandinginfrontofTian'anmensaw/witnessed_many_great_historic_events.天安门前的这两只石狮目睹了许多重大的历史事件。[单元语基落实]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Underourteacher'scarefulguidance(guide),wefinishedourhomeworkinadvance.2．Themanshouldbecondemnedforhiscruelty(cruel)tohiswife.3．Itdoesseriousharmtochildren'scharacterthattoomuchviolence(violent)isshownontelevision.4．Hewas_attacked(attack)byadogwhenhewaswalkingalongthestreet.5．Ifwecan'tfinishtheworkontime,wewillgetintotrouble.6．Althoughhemadeaseriousmistakeinhiswork,hewasluckytoescapebeing_fired(fire)byhisboss.7．Withthespeechesfinished,wevotedto_choose(choose)themonitor.8．Peopleinallcountrieswantapeaceful(peace)worldratherthanonefilledwithwars.9．Thoughhehasmetwithmanydifficultiesoverthepasttwoyears,heisstillhopeful(hope)．10．Highschooleducation(educate)isveryimportantforstudents,becauseitcanhelpthemtochoosetheirfuture.11．EveryonewhoreachedthetopofMountTaiwas_rewarded(reward)withamagnificentview.12．Thepany,founded(found)lastyear,hasgainedagoodreputationinsociety.13．Whenyourstudentsdowhatyouwantthemtodo,praisethemgenerously(generous)．14．Thispositionisequally(equal)suitableforaschoolleaverorforsomebodywhohasworkexperience.15．Mr.Smithisalonelycreature,forhehasneitherfriendsnorrelatives(relative)．Ⅱ.根据提示词和相关结构补全句子1．这是一个没有收音机、没有，也没有电视的时期。(Thiswasatimewhen)This_was_a_time_when_there_were_no_radios,_notelephonesornoTVsets.2．只有在那时我才意识到与所有的朋友脱离关系，从不与他们联系是愚蠢的。(only引起的倒装句)Only_then_did_I_realize_thatitwasfoolishofmetobreakawayfromallofmyfriendsandnevercontactthem.3.我第一次在会议厅演讲时非常紧张。(thefirsttime)Iwasverynervousthe_first_time_I_gave_a_speech_in_the_meeting_hall.4.当他的亲戚朋友向他求助时，他总是乐意帮助他们。(turnto;willing)Whenhisrelativesandfriendsturn_to_him_for_help,_heis_always_willing_to_givethemahand.5．这座古庙见证了过去二百年里这个村庄的巨大变迁。(see)The_old_temple_has_seen_great_changes_of_the_villageinthepasttwohundredyears.6．直到那个时候，我才意识到帮助有困难的人感觉多么美妙。(introuble)OnlythendidIrealizewhatagoodfeelingit_was_to_have_helped_someone_in_trouble.7．不要失去信心。你为什么不给自己再一次尝试？(loseheart)Don't_lose_heart.Whynotgiveyourselfanothertry?8．他失业已经三年了，到现在还没找到工作。(outofwork)He_has_been_out_of_work_for_three_yearsandhasn'tyetfoundajob.9．玛丽把全部时间和精力都投入到了工作中，因此，她得到老板的赞扬。(devote...to)Mary_has_devoted_all_her_time_and_energy_to_her_work,_soshewaspraisedbyherboss.10．这是鲁迅先生曾住过的地方。(定语从句)Thisistheplacewhere_Mr._Lu_Xun_once_lived/in_which_Mr._Lu_Xun_once_lived.Ⅲ.一句多译/句型转换1．我送给他一本从上海买的书来答谢他的帮助。①IgavehimabookboughtfromShanghaiin_reward_for_his_help.(rewardn．)②As_a_reward_for_his_help,_IgavehimabookwhichwasboughtfromShanghai.(rewardn．)③Irewarded_him_with_a_bookwhichIboughtfromShanghaiforhishelp.(rewardv．)2．IrealizedknowledgeisvaluableonlywhenIhadanotherfailureinmyjob­seeking.→OnlywhenIhadanotherfailureinmyjob­seekingdid_I_realize_knowledge_is_valuable.→It_was_only_when_I_had_another_failure_in_my_job­seeking_thatIrealizedknowledgeisvaluable.(强调句型)3．Thegovernmentcametopowertwoyearsago.→Thegovernmenthas_been_in_powerfortwoyears.4．Hedevotedhimselftomunityactivitiesandwaspraisedbythepeoplearound.→Devoting_himself_to_munity_activities,_hewaspraisedbythepeoplearound.(devotevt.)→Devoted_to_munity_activities,_hewaspraisedbythepeoplearound.(devotedadj.)[高考拆组训练]阅读理解组块专练——练速度(限时：30分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解ABessieColemanBorninTexas,ColemanmovedtoChicagotofindajob,butshebecameinterestedinthestoriessheheardfrompilotsreturningfromWorldWarⅠ.However,herrace(种族)andhergender(性别)keptheroutofflightschoolsintheU．S.,soshemadeherwaytoFrancewhereshecouldlearnflying.WhenshereturnedtoChicago,Colemanhaddifficultyfindingjobs,soshechosetobeastunt(特技)pilot.ShewasthefirstblackfemalepilotintheU．S.andwasaninspirationtoearlypilotsandtoAfricanAmericansandNativeAmericans.BessicaRaicheBessicaRaichedroveacar,shotgunsandpracticedmedicine.Besides,shewasanacplishedartistandmusician.ButonOct.13,1910,RaichebecamethefirstAmericanwomantomakeaflightinanaircraftbyherself.Raiche'saviationcareer(航空职业)wasshort,asshemovedtoSouthernCaliforniatofocusonhercareerinmedicine,laterbeingpresidentoftheOrangeCountyMedicalAssociation.WillaBrownWillaBrownwasthefirstAfricanAmericanwomantoearnbothapilot'slicense(1938)andamerciallicense(1939)．Asaformerschoolteacherandsocialworker,BrownsetuptheCoffeySchoolofAeronauticsatChicago'sHarlemAirport,whichlaterbecamethefirstgovernment­approvedaviationtrainingschoolforAfricanAmericans.PeggyWhitsonAt57,PeggyWhitsonwastheworld'soldestspacewoman.Shehasspent500daysoffEarth—morethananyotherwoman,andin2008,shebecamethefirstfemalemanderoftheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)．ShemadehereighthspacewalkonMarch30,2017andshebeatthecurrentrecordforwomenof50hoursand40minutesoftotalspacewalkingtime.eq\x(语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。介绍了四位女性飞行员。)1．WhydidBessieColemanmovetoFrance?A．Toacquirestuntskills.B．Tofindawell­paidjob.C．TotakepartinWorldWarⅠ.D．Toachieveherflyingdream.解析：选D细节理解题。由第一段的“herrace(种族)andhergender(性别)keptheroutofflightschoolsintheU．S.,soshemadeherwaytoFrancewhereshecouldlearnflying”可知，BessieColeman到法国是想实现自己成为飞行员的梦想。2．Whomadeacontributiontoaviationeducation?A．BessieColeman. B．BessicaRaiche.C．WillaBrown. D．PeggyWhitson.解析：选C细节理解题。由第三段的最后一句可知，WillaBrown创办了第一所政府支持的非裔美国人飞行训练学校。3．Whichofthefollowingdothefourshare?A．Theyareoutstandingwomenpilots.B．Theysuffereddiscriminationatwork.C．Theyneverreceivedgoodeducation.D．Theyhaveshowngreatcreativity.解析：选A推理判断题。由第一段的最后一句、第二段的“RaichebecamethefirstAmericanwomantomakeaflightinanaircraftbyherself”以及第三段和第四段的内容可推知，这四位都是杰出的女飞行员。BWhenSarahHansenfirstcametoBonnieSchlachte'sballetstudio,shejokinglycalledherselfa“weeble­wobble”，tellingherballetteacherthatshewouldfallwhenshetriedtowalk.“Shecouldn'twalkacrosstheroomwithoutholdingontosomething，”recalledSchlachte.“Shewouldimmediatelyfall.”Hansenwasonlyinmiddleschool,butaprogressiveneurological(神经性的)diseasepreventedherfromwalking,letalonedoingballet.ButHansenhadastrongspiritanddesperatelywantedtolearnballet.HansentookweeklygroupclassesatSchlachte'sballetstudiocalledBalletforallKids,astudiothatteacheschildrenwithandwithoutdisabilities.Soonaftershebeganclassesandprivatelessons,herfamilysawavastimprovementinherabilitytomove.Sheworkedtirelesslyinthestudio,focusingonwhatherinstructorwantedfromher.“Atthetime,herfootwouldn'tfullyrestonthefloor，”explainedSchlachte.“That'swhyshecouldn'tstandonherowniftherewasnosupport.”Schlachtepushedherstudent,explainingtoHansenthatherbrainhasneuroplasticity(神经可塑性),soeventuallyitwillreceivethemessage.Holdingadegreeinpsychology,BonnieSchlachtewastheperfectpersontopushHansentodoherbest.Schlachteputherselfthroughcollegewithdanceandtheaterscholarships.Aftergraduation,shecameacrossachancetohelpchildrenwithdisabilities.Shefellinlovewithandchosetofocusonjobsinthatfield.Yearslater,SchlachtefoundherselfwatchingandcelebratingHansen,whoatonepointcouldbarelywalk,butnowcouldmoveacrosstheflooronherowntwofeet.“Oneday,herankledropped,andsheputherwholefootontheground，”saidSchlachte.“Iwascryingandhermomwascrying.Itwasagreatmoment.”语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，从小患有神经系统疾病的SarahHansen不能走路，然而她却喜欢跳芭蕾。在老师的耐心教导和自己的努力下，她终于能够独立行走了。4．WhydidSarahHansencallherselfa“weeble­wobble”？A．Shehaddifficultyinwalking.B．Shewasapoorballetdancer.C．Shehadnoideaaboutherbrain.D．Shemadeslowprogressatschool.解析：选A细节理解题。由第一段的“tellingherballetteacherthatshewouldfallwhenshetriedtowalk”可知，当她走路时，她就会摔倒，这是她称呼自己为weeble­wobble的原因。5．WhatkindofpersonwasSarahHansen?A．Energeticandconfident.B．Optimisticandgenerous.C．Independentandout­going.D．Determinedandhard­working.解析：选D推理判断题。由第二段的“ButHansenhadastrongspiritanddesperatelywantedtolearnballet”和第三段的第一句可推知，她是一个意志坚定而且勤奋的人。6．WhatmadeSchlachteandHansen'smothercry?A．Hansen'sdegreeinpsychology.B．Hansen'simprovementinmoving.C．Hansen'swillingnesstolearnballet.D．Hansen'swinningdancescholarships.解析：选B细节理解题。由最后一段的“couldmoveacrosstheflooronherowntwofeet”和“sheputherwholefootontheground”可知，Hansen能够自己走路了，她在走路方面取得的进步让她的老师和母亲喜极而泣。CStephenHawkingWarnsHumansMustLeaveEarthSoonProfessorStephenHawkingrecentlycameoutwithaseriouswarningforpeople.WhileattheStarmusFestival,afestivalinTrondheim,Norway,celebratingscienceandthearts,Hawkingwarnedpeoplethatthehumanraceisinseriousdanger.HawkingcriticizedPresidentDonaldTrumpfordenyingclimatechange.Thenthephysicistwarnedtheaudience,“Iamnotdenyingtheimportanceoffightingclimatechangeandglobalwarming,unlikeDonaldTrump,whomayjusthavetakenthemostseriousandwrongdecisiononclimatechangethisworldhasseen.”HawkingproposedthattheleadingcountriesshouldsendastronautstotheMoonbefore2020torestartamovementofmoreexplorationinspace.TheBBCreportedthatHawkingsuggestedthatwe“buildalunarbasein30years'timeandsendpeopletoMarsby2025”．AccordingtotheBBC,ProfessorHawkingsaid,“Spreadingoutintospacewillpletelychangethefutureofhumanity.”Hecontinued,“Ihopeitwouldunitepetitivenationsinasinglegoaltofacethemonchallengeforusall.”Thephysicistsharedmoreideastomotivatetheyoungergenerationtocontinueexploringspace.Hawkingstated,“Anewandambitiousspaceprogramwouldexcite(youngpeople),andstimulateinterestinotherareas,suchasastrophysics(天体物理学)andcosmology(宇宙学)．”Hawkingalsorevealedhisvisionofotherformsofenergythatcouldmoveustoanewplanet.Hewarnedtheaudience,“TheEarthisunderthreatfromsomanyareasthatitisdifficultformetobepositive.”Hecontinued,“Ournaturalresourcesarebeingdrainedatanalarmingrate.Wehavegivenourplanetthedisastrousgiftsofclimatechange,risingtemperatures,reductionofthepolaricecaps,deforestation(滥伐森林),anddecimation(大批杀死)ofanimalspecies.Wecanbeanignorantandunthinking(考虑不周的)lot.”Theprofessorwarnedtheaudiencethatdoingnothingwouldleadnowhere.Hesaid,“Ifwesucceedwewillsendaprobe(航天探测器)toAlphaCentauriwithinthelifetimeofsomeofyoualivetoday.Itisclearthatweareenteringanewspaceage.Wearestandingatthethreshold(开端)ofanewera.Humancolonizationandmovingtootherplanetsisnolongersciencefiction,anditcanbesciencefact.”Hawkingadvisedtheaudiencetomovetootherworldsbecausewearerunningoutofspace.语篇解读：文章引用了世界知名物理学及天文学家霍金的观点，阐明了人类必须离开地球在太空中找一处新家的原因。7．AccordingtoHawking,whatisthefirststepforhumanstospreadoutintospace?A．TosendpeopletoMars.B．Tobuildalunarbase.C．TosendastronautstotheMoon.D．Tochangethefutureofhumanity.解析：选C细节理解题。由文章第三段的第一句可知，人类要向太空扩展应在2020年之前把宇航员送到月球以重启太空探索，故选C项。8．Theunderlinedword“drained”inParagraph5canbereplacedby“________”．A．speededup B．storedC．usedup D．explored解析：选C词义猜测题。由该词前面的“naturalresources”和后面的“atanalarmingrate”可以推断出，drain在这里是“用完，耗尽”的意思，故选C项。9．WhatisHawking'sattitudetowardstheEarth'sfuture?A．Pessimistic. B．Confused.C．Positive. D．Indifferent.解析：选A观点态度题。由文章中反复出现的“warned”以及第五段的内容可以推断出，霍金对地球的未来持悲观的态度，这也是他提出人类要离开地球的原因，故选A项。10．ThereasonwhyhumansmustleavetheEarthsoonisthat________.A．theEarthisunderthreatandthehumanraceisinseriousdangerB．humanshavefoundotherformsofenergytomovetoanewplanetC．anewandambitiousspaceprogramwouldexciteyoungpeopleD．astronautshavefoundabetterworldinspacethantheEarth解析：选A细节理解题。由第一段的第二句和第五段的第二句可知，人类必须离开地球的原因是：人类处于危险之中，地球受到威胁，故选A项。Ⅱ.阅读七选五Somepeoplechoosetoliveinaflatsharingwithothers.Otherscan'timagineleavingtheirperfectflatstolivewithlotsofotherpeople.Ifyoulivealone,you'reresponsibleforyourownspace.Ifyouneedyourquietspace,you'reguaranteedtohaveit.__1__Andyoucancatchupwithworkwithoutbeinginterruptedorhavealongandundisturbedbath.However,there'snoonearoundifyouneedahelpinghand.Ifsomethinggetsbroken,you'llhavetofixityourself.__2__Youdon'thavefriendsathometoinviteyououtandhelpyoumeetpeople.There'snooneathometohaveacupofteawithandtalkabouthowyourdaywas.__3__Sometimeswhenyougethome,thecakeyourcolleaguegaveyouasathank­youpresentismysteriouslygone.Wheneveryouwantarelaxingbath,there'snohotwaterleftandsomeonewantstoeineveryfiveminutes.It'salsorarelyquiet.Someonealwaysseemstohaveabirthdaypartywhenyouwanttogotobedearly.Butinspiteofallthat,therecanbesomewonderfulmoments,likewakinguptothesoundofthehoover(吸尘器)．__4__Andwhenyouehomeafteralongday,youfindyourhousematesmakingpizzawithleftovervegetableswhileyouwatchafilm.__5__So,what'syourchoice?A．Youcanbealonequitealot.B．That'swhenitallseemsworthit.C．Youdon'thavetosharethesofawithanyone.D．Livingalonehasbeemorepopularinrecentyears.E．It'snotallgoodwhenyoulivewithotherpeople,though.F．Youwillrealizehowimportantyourfriendsandfamilyare.G．Youwillrealizesomeoneelseisdoingthecleaningforachange.eq\x(语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了独自生活以及与别人合住的优缺点。)1．选C本空承接上文，是对上一句“Ifyouneedyourquietspace,you'reguaranteedtohaveit.”的举例：如果你需要安静的空间，你肯定会拥有它。你不需要和别人分享沙发。2．选A本空后两句是对这一处内容的具体说明：你不会收到舍友的外出邀请，也没有人和你在家里边喝茶边聊天；由此可推知，本空是指你会经常感到孤独。3．选E根据下文内容可知，本段谈论了和别人住在一起也并不总是那么美好。4．选G本空承接上一句中提到的那些美妙时刻中的一种情况：在吸尘器的声音中醒来，你会意识到有人正在打扫房间。5．选B本空是对最后一段内容的概括：这些美妙的时刻会使你感到做出和别人住在一起这个选择是值得的。[模块仿真高考练(一)]一、模块语基练(满分30分)Ⅰ.单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)1．Devoting(devote)himselfentirelytohisresearch,Johnwasstillsingleinhisforties.2．Weshouldn'tuseviolence(v