2021-2022学年上海高二年级下册期末考试英语试卷含详解

2021-2022学年上海交大附中高二（下）期末英语试卷

ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections：InSectionA,youwillheartenshort

conversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbe

askedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.

Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswerson

yourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

1.A.Atagasstation.

B.Atagarage.

C.Inapark.

D.Inanemergencyroom.

2.A.4：45.

B.5：15.

C.5：45.

D.6：15.

3.A.Doctorandpatient.

B.Lawyerandclient.

C.Managerandcustomer.

D.Passer-byandpoliceman.

4.A.Hewasnervous.

B.Hewasquick-minded.

C.Hewascourageous.

D.Hewassensible.

5.A.Attendaclass.

B.Seethedentist.

C.Gofishing.

D.Visithisaunt.

6.A.Sheisquite.

B.sheistalkative.

C.Sheissociable.

D.Sheisactive.

7.A.Lookatthelaundrybasket.

B.Checkthebusinesstimeofthelaundry.

C.Gotoherlaundry.

D.Findanothersuitableblouse.

8.A.Shebelievesthatpeople'sspeakinginanelegantwayisratheramazing.

B.Shedoesnotapproveoftheman'swayindescribingpeople'sspeech.

C.Shedoesn'tbelievepeoplemayspeakelegantlyindailylife.

D.Shewasindoubtaboutthemaincharactersinthenovel.

9.A.Hecanhandletheworkwithease.

BHehasabosswithamildtemper.

C.Heisfullyengagedinhiswork.

D.Hecan'tdescribehisdutyatwork.

10.A.Thewomanowesthemanabottleofwine.

B.Thewomanisborrowingmoneyfromtheman.

C.Themangetsthewomantobuyafilmticket.

D.Themanhaseatenhiswordforseveraltimes.

SectionBDirections：InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelonger

conversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandthe

conversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswill

bespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion9readthefourpossibleanswersonyour

paperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

11.(1)A.Flightattendants.

B.Passengers.

C.Thefirebrigade.

D.Planemanufacturers.

(2)A.CA4117willdepartfromChengduandfinallyarriveatBeijing.

BitwilltakeCA4117morethanthreehourstoarriveatXi'an.

C.CA4117willtravel30,982kilometersforthewholeflight.

D.TheaveragespeedofCA4117is10,000kilometersperhour.

(3)A.Usingelectronicdevicesduringlanding.

B.Pullingouttheoxygenmaskwhenyouneedfreshair.

C.Usinglaptopcomputersduringtheflight.

D.Placingtheoxygenmaskbelowyournose.

12.(1)A.Thenameoriginofguineapigsandtheirhabitat.

B.Theearlyuseofguineapigsinmedicalstudies.

C.Whyguineapigsaresuitableforexperiments.

D.Theuseofguineapigsinresearchandconversation.

(2)A.GuineapigsgotthenamebecausetheyarenativetoGuinea.

B.Guineapigswerefirstusedinstudiesofsexuallytransmitteddiseases.

C.Guineapigshavelessincommonwithhumanbeingsthanratsdo.

D.GuineapigshavemeaningsinEnglishrelatedtotheirroleinexperiments.

(3)A.Asecretaryforcedtodopilesofpaperwork.

B.Ahusbandaskedtotasteanewdishfromhiswife.

C.Ateachergivingherlessoninaratherboringway.

D.Astudentwhoistoocarelesstoscorehighintests.

13.(1)A.Typesoffutureclothes.

B.Functionsofeco-clothes.

C.Newwaystoproduceelectricity.

D.Ideasforaresearchproject.

(2)A.Theycanbringuseconomicbenefits.

B.Theycanprotecttheenvironment.

C.Theycanregulateourbodytemperature.

D.Theycanproduceelectricity.

(3)A.Workshopsforeco-clothesaresetupoverseastoensureworkersagoodsalary.

B.Themanhasfoundreferencebooksonclothesmadefromsmartfabricsinthelibrary.

C.Agreatnumberofpeoplearequiteeagertowearthedressdecoratedwithlights.

D.Clothesmadefromsmartfabricscanbeusedtochargecellphonesinthefuture.

(4)A.Itisoflittleuse.

Bitiswell-designed.

C.Itiswarmlyreceived.

D.Itishardtomanufacture.

GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections：Afterreadingthepassagebelow,Hllinthe

blankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagiven

word,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword；fortheotherblanks9use

onewordthatbestfitseachblank.

14.Speed-readingisacrucialskillintheInternetage.Weskimoverarticles,e-mailsandtweets

totrytograspkeywordsandtheessentialmeaningofacertaintext.(1)

(flood)withinformationfromourelectronicdevices,itwouldbeimpossibletocopeifwe

readwordbyword,linebyline.Butanewtrendcallsonpeopletounplugandenjoyreading

slowly(2)(use)thelinear(线'性的)pattern,left-to-rightsequence.

ArecentstoryfromTheWallStreetJournalreportedonabookclubinWellington,New

Zealand,(3)membersmeetinacafeandturnofftheirsmartphones.Theysink

intocomfortablechairsandreadinsilenceforanhour.

(4)traditionalbookclubs,thepointoftheSlowReadingClubisn't

exchangingideasaboutacertainbook,buttogetawayfromelectronicdevicesandreadinaquiet,

relaxedenvironment.AccordingtotheJournal,theWellingtonBookClubisjustoneexampleofa

movementinitiatedbybookloverswhomisstheold-fashionedwayofreadingbeforethe

Internetandsmartphones.Slowreaders,suchasTheAtlantic'sMauraKelly,sayaregularreading

habitsharpensthemind,improvesconcentration,reducesstresslevelsanddeepenstheabilityto

empathize(有同感).

Someofthesebenefits(5)(back)upbyscience.Forexample,

astudyof300elderlypeoplepublishedbythejournalNeurologylastyearshowedthatregular

engagementinintellectualactivitieslikereadingslowedtherateofmemorylosslaterin

life.AnotherstudypublishedlastyearinScienceshowedthatreadingnovelshelpspeople

understandothers'mentalstatesandbeliefs,(6)crucialskillinbuildingrelationship.

Slowreadingmeansareturntoanuninterrupted,linearpattern,inaquietenvironmentfreeof

distractions.(7)(aim)for30minutesaday,advisesKellyfromTheAtlantic."You

(8)squeezeinthathalfhourprettyeasilyifonlyduringyourfreemoments一(9)

youfindyourselfautomaticallyfiringupyourlaptoptocheckyourfavoritesite,orscanning

Twitterforsomethingtopassthetime一youpickupameaningfulworkofliterature,"Kelly

said.nReachforyoure-reader,ifyoulike.KindlesmakebookslikeWarandPeace(10)

(heavy),andalsoensureyou'llneverloseyourplaceinthebook."

SectionBDirections：Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Each

wordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

15.A.harmonizing；B.absorbed；C.imaginative；D.enduring；E.inherited；F.intellect

G.recovery；H.independent；I.foundation；J.thirsty；K.grounded

Hugelyambitiousinscope,TheLordoftheRingsoccupiesanuncomfortablepositionin

20thcenturyliteratureandhasenjoyedmassiveand(1)popularity.ltwouldseemthat

Tolkien'sworksuppliedsomethingthatwasmissingamongtheformalinnovationsof20thcentury

fiction,somethingforwhichreaderswere(2).Butwhatwasit,andwhywasit

important?

Answeringthisquestionproperlywouldprobablyrequireabookratherthananarticle.Butit

seemsthatthekeypointofthematterliesinTolkien'swhole-heartedrejectionofmodernityand

modernism.Thisiswhatsopowerfullyattractssomereaders,andjustaspowerfullypushesothers

away.InhisbookJ.R.R.Tolkien：AuthoroftheCentury,T.A.Shippeyexpandsonthisnotionby

arguingthatTolkiensawhisrealm(王国)ofMiddle-earthnotasfictionorinvention,butas

the(3)ofsomethinggenuinethathadbecomeburiedbeneathfragmentsoffairytaleand

nurseryrhyme.

"HoweverfancifulTolkien'screationofMiddle-earthwas,"Shippeywrites,"hedidnot

thinkthathewasentirelymakingitup.HewasReconstructing*,hewas(4)contradictions

inhissource-texts,sometimeshewassupplyingentirelynewconcepts(likehobbits),buthe

wasalsoreachingbacktoa(n)(5)worldwhichhebelievedhadoncereallyexisted,

atleastinacollectiveimagination."

Thebookisalsodeeply(6)inTolkien'slinguisticexpertise一heinventedthewhole

languagesforhischaracters.Sometimeshebecameso(7)inthecreationoflanguages,

infact,thatheputthestoryitselfasideformonthsoryearsatatime,believinghecouldnot

continueuntilsomeinconsistencyinhisinventedrealmhadbeenresolved.ButTolkien'simmense

(8)anderudition(博学)isnotthesourceofhissuccess；withouthisstorytellinggift,

TheLordoftheRingswouldbelittlemorethanacuriosity.Andthisgiftseemstooriginate

straightfromhisrefusaltobreakfromclassicalandtraditionalforms.

Tolkienhimselfoftenspokeofhisworkassomething“found"or''discovered",something

whoseexistencewas(9)ofhim.It'swisetobecarefulwiththissortofinterpretationbutit

seemsclearthathebelievedhisworktobesomethinggiven,somethingrevealed,whichcontained

akindoftruthbeyondmeasure.Asaresult,hisdetailshavetheweightofreality,linguisticand

otherwise,andbecauseofthishisgreatsweepofstoryfeelsrealaswell；youmightsaythathis

imaginarycastlesarebuiltwithacertainamountofgenuinestone.Otherwriters*fantasyworlds

aremadeup.Tolkien*sis(10).

ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections：Foreachblankinthefollowingpassagethere

arefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordor

phrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

16.Therewasatimewhenbothliteratureandthestudyofliteraturecameunderthedelightful

belleslettres-beautifulletters.Whenthephrasewasintroducedinthe18thcentury,

literaturewasconsidered,atits(1)，beautiful.Devoteestriedtoreproducethatbeauty

intheirresponsetoit.

Modernismwasa(n)(2)，whenliteraturebecamemorealienatedandcombative

(好斗的)withrespecttosociety.Americanliterature,withitspowerful,democraticassociations,

contributedtothechange.Belleslettresseemedtooelitisttodescribeearly-20thcentury

writing.The(3)ofbelleslettreswasfurtherunderminedbytheriseofscienceas

civilization'spotentialsavior.Sciencewasnecessarytodefenddemocracy,firstduringWorldWar

IIandthenduringtheColdWar.Now,itisthemeansofmovingaheadinacompetitive,

technologicalsociety.Whohastimefor(4)whenthereisseriousworktobedone?

Thedeathknell(丧钟)forbelleslettrescamewitha1959lecturebythescientistand

novelistC.P.Snow,"TheTwoCulturesandtheScientificRevolution."Snowseemedtocallfor

cooperationbetweenscienceandthehumanities,buthewasreallycriticizingthescientific(5)

ofwritersandcriticswho,unlikehim,didn'thappentobescientistsaswell.Theproblemisthat

scienceandthehumanitiesareinherentlydifferentfields.Sciencebuildsonitsdiscoveries.lt

movesforward,sothatthepastistheliteral(6)forthepresentandfuture.Literaturedoes

notmoveforwardinthisway.OneneednotreadShakespearetowriteaplayorapoem.(7)

Shakespeareisasrelevanttodayashewaswhenhewrote.

Thesimpletruththatprogressiscentraltosciencebutnottothehumanitiesis(8)to

graspforpeoplewhoseekimprovementineverywalkoflife.lt(9)thedrivetomakethe

humanitiesscientific一throughtheuseof(10)jargon(术语)，generaltheoriesabout

socialtexts,andquantitativetoolsto(11)wordchoice,sentencestructureandother

aspectsofliterature.

Whenthehumanitiesgiveuptheirmissionandseekshelterfrom(12)，theybecome

dangerouscompaniontoideologicalagendas.Studentscometofeelthereisa(n)(13),

"virtuous"readingofaneventoratext；theycriticizegreatauthorsofthepastbasedonthe

standardsofthepresent.Theycreatea(an)(14)thatarousesoppositionfromthosewho

feelexcludedoroffendedbysuchthinkingbutwholackthehumanistictrainingtodomorethan

fightback.

Weneedtobeskepticalofbeautyandits(15)totruth,butwealsoneedtoseetruth

asbeautiful,andtolookwithskepticismupontheproductsofaculturethatspeaktousinugly，

pseudoscientific(伪科学的)ways.

(1)A.leastB-bestC.fullestD-worst

(2)A.lastingB.worldwideC.turningpointD.honored

processmovementpractice

(3)A.superiorityB.authorityC.creativityD.capacity

(4)A.democracyB.improvementC.thoughtD.beauty

(5)A.insightB.characteristicC.knowledgeD.illiteracy

(6)A.foundationB.predictionC.reflectionD.judgment

(7)A.ViceversaB.ForthatreasonC.BythesameD.Inthefirst

tokenplace

(8)A.necessaryB.unreasonableC.easyD.difficult

(9)A.fuelsB・stopsC.initiatesD.slows

(10)A.technicalB.beautifulC.classicD・novel

(11)A.eliminateB.generateC.analyzeD・seek

(12)A.criticismB.progressC.scienceD.modernism

(13)A.essentialB.iconicC.differentD.definitive

(14)A.emergencyB.crisisc.climateD.condition

(15)A.contributionB.similarityc.responseD.relationship

SectionBDirections：Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveral

questionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,

CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyou

havejustread.

17.Manyyearsago,beforetheinventionofsmartphonesandtheinternet,IwaslivinginCali,

Colombia.Myyoungersisterdecidedtovisitmeforaholiday.However,onthedayIwas

supposedtogotomeetherattheairport,IsomehowlosttrackofthetimeandrealizedthatI

wasleavingmyhomemuchlaterthanIhadwantedto.Andtomakemattersworse,whenI

wentoutside,therainwaspouringfromtheskyandIcouldn'tgetataxitosavemylife.Iended

upjumpingonboardapublicbustoPalmira,wheretheairportwas.Exceptitwasn'texactly

goingtobeheadingfortheairport.

Thedriversaidthathewoulddropmeoffatacrossroadswhichwaslocatedsixkilometers

awayfromtheairport.!hadnochoicebuttotravelwiththebus.Thejourneytookages,

however.Whenthebusdideventuallyreachthepreviouslymentionedcrossroads,thestop

appearedtobeinthemiddleofnowhere.Thedriverpointedinagivendirectionandtoldmethat

theairportwasdownthatway.Bythistime,Ihaddescendedintotears.Mysisterwouldbearriving

intwelveminutes,andtherewasnowayIwasgoingtobeabletomakeitintime.Beside(由

于...而失去控制的)myselfwithworry,Ibeggedthedrivertodrivethesixkilometersdown

totheairporttodropmeoff.Hestoodupandtookavotefromtheotherpassengers.Fortunately,

theyallagreed.Thankstothem,Iarrivedontime.

ThiswasmyfirstencounterwithMurphy'sLaw：Whatevercangowrongwillgowrong.And

theonlywaytobeatthisdevilistotakeresponsibilityfortheoutcomeofallyouractions.!should

havemadeaPlanBbytakingintoaccountthepossibilitythattherewouldbenotaxisavailable.

Ofcourse,somemajorvictoriesinhistorywereachievedbytheveryfactthattheydidnot

haveaPlanBtoturnto.XiangYufamouslyorderedhistroopsto"breakthekettlesandsinkthe

boats"beforetheyconfrontedtheQinintheBattleofJulu.However,this''failureisnotanoption1'

mindsetshouldonlybereservedforextremescenarios.Mostofthesituationsweencounterinour

livesaremuchlessdramaticandcanoftenbeapproachedinmorewaysthanone.ltisessentialto

haveaPlanBbecauseyoucannotalwaysguaranteethatyouroriginalplanisgoingtoworkout,

andinsomecases,yourcontingencyplanmightjustendupbeingevenbetterthanyouroriginal

one.Thisisespeciallytrueinthevolatileworldofbusiness.SincetheoutbreakofCOVID-19,

manycompanieshaveadoptedawork-from-homepolicywhichishelpingthemtoreducetheir

costswhilealsoallowingthemtoachievegreaterlevelsofproductivitythaneverbefore.

Nowmorethanever,inthisrapidlychangingworld,flexibilityisoftenthekeytosuccess.If

youarepreparedtobouncebackwheneveryoneelsebreaksdown,youwillbethewinner.Think

ofyourcontingencyplanasaformofinsurance,onethat,ifnothingelse,cangiveyouthepeace

ofmindyouneed.

(1)Whichoneisnotthereasonwhytheauthor"descendedintotears"whenthebusreached

thecrossroads?

A.Shewouldbeleftinanisolatedplace.

B.Shecouldn'tmakeittotheairportintime.

C.Shedidn'tknowtherightdirectiontotheairport.

D.Shecouldn'tfindanyotherfasterwaytogettotheairport.

(2)Whichofthefollowingintheauthor'sexperiencecannotillustrateMurphy'sLaw?__

A.Shelosttrackoftimeandlefthomemuchlater.

B.Sheencounteredbadweatherandcouldn'tgetataxi.

C.Thebusshetookwasn*texactlyheadingfortheairport.

D.Thebusdriverfinallyagreedtoextendtheroutetotheairport.

(3)WhatdoestheexampleofXiangYuserveas?

A.AfurtherinterpretationofMurphy*sLaw.

B.AsituationwhereMurphy*sLawdoesn'tapply.

C.AfailurecausedbynotfollowingMurphy'sLaw.

D.AnargumenttosupportthenecessityofPlanB.

(4)What*sthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.

B.Afallintothepit,againinyourwit.

C.Failureshouldn'tbeinourdictionary.

D.Bepreparedforarainyday.

18.Almosteveryday,welearnofdisastersofoneformoranotherthroughthemedia.These

includenotjustmajordisastersthataffectlargeareasforalongtime.Aseverestorm,an

electricpowerbreakdown,orahousefirecanbringapersonaldisastertoanindividual.This

brochureaimstohelpyoudevelopyourpersonalpreparednessplan.

I.Stockpilingfoodanddrink

•Drinkingismoreimportantthaneating.Keepabout14litersofliquidperpersoninstock

foreachweek.

•Noexperiments.Yoursuppliesshouldmainlyconsistoffoodanddrinkthatyounormally

have.

•Ensurethatyoursuppliescanbestoredforlongperiodsoftimewithoutrefrigerationand

thatmostofthemcanbeeatencold.

II.Electricpowerbreakdown

•Keepasupplyoftorchesandcandles,aswellassparebatteries,matchesorlightersinthe

house.Rememberthatbatteriesdonotlastindefinitely.Regularlyusethebatteriesupandreplace

them.

•Youcanpreparesmallermealsonacampingstove,onethatcanbeoperatedthroughthe

useofcharcoal（木炭）orgas.

IILEmergencypack

•Theaimofadisastersupplieskitshouldbetohelpyoutocopewiththepossibilityof

havingtoexistforafewdaysoutsideofyourhouse.Don'ttakemoreforeachfamilymemberthan

couldbeconvenientlycontainedwithintheconfinesofarucksack（帆布背包）.Arucksackis

morepracticalthanasuitcase,asitallowsyoutohavebothhandsfree.

•Theemergencyrucksackshouldcontaintheseitems

-Firstaidmaterials，personalmedication

-Foodfortwodaysindust-proofpackaging

-Waterbottle,cutlery（刀具）andcrockery（餐具）

-Sleepingbagorblanket

-Hygiene(卫生)productsforacoupleofdays

•Thecorrectclothing

-Waterproofclothingandshoes

-Masksordampclothsthatyoucanholdinfrontofyourmouthintheeventofdangerfrom

chemicalsubstances.

IV.Keepup-to-dateinanemergency

Floodsorheavysnowfallsmayleadtopartsofthepopulationgettingcutofffromtheoutside

world.Informationandwarningsareimportantforsurvival.Thosewhoaretrappedcanoftenonly

bereachedbyradio,televisionortheinternet.However,televisionandtheinternetonlywork

whenthereiselectricpower,whichcouldfail.Thisleavesjusttheradioasthemainwarning

device.Therefore,alwayskeepabattery-poweredradioorawind-up(用手柄操作的)radio

inthehouse.

(1)Whichofthefollowingfoodisrecommendedtostockinanemergencyaccordingtothe

passage?

A.Rawmeat.

B.cheesecake

C.biscuits.

D.Bananas.

(2)Whichofthefollowingshouldn'tbeincludedinanemergencyrucksackaccordingtothe

passage?

A.Knives.

B.Sleepingblankets.

C.Bandages.

D.Mobilephones.

(3)WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Drinkableliquidshouldbefirstensuredinanemergency.

B.Candlescanbeusedtocookmealsinanelectricpowerbreakdown.

C.Anemergencyrucksackshouldcontainasmanythingsaspossible.

D.Radioscanbesubstitutedbyotherelectroniccommunicationdevicesinanemergency.

19.DoestheHumanLifespanHaveaLimit?

ThechorusofthethemesongforthemovieFame,performedbyactressIreneCara,includes

theline'Tmgonnaliveforever."Carawas,ofcourse,singingabouttheposthumous（死后的）

longevitythatfamecangive.Butaliteralexpressionofthisarrogantprideresonatesinsome

cornersoftheworld—especiallyinthetechnologyindustry.InSiliconValley（硅谷），

immortalityissometimeselevatedtothestatusofaphysicalgoal.Plentyofbignamesinbigtech

havesunkfundingintoventurestosolvetheproblemofdeathasifitwerejustanupgradetoyour

smartphone'soperatingsystem.

Yetwhatifdeathsimplycannotbehackedandlongevitywillalwayshaveaceiling,no

matterwhatwedo?Researchershavenowtakenonthequestionofhowlongwecanliveif,by

somecombinationofserendipity（机缘巧合）andgenetics,wedonotdiefromcancerorgethit

byabus.Theyreportthatwhenomittingthingsthatusuallykillus,ourbody*scapacitytorestore

equilibrium（平衡）toitsnumerousstructuralandmetabolic（代谢的）systemsafter

disruptionsstillfadeswithtime.Andevenifwemakeitthroughlifewithfewstressors,this

incremental（递增的）declinesetsthemaximumlifespanforhumansatsomewherebetween

120and150years.Thisfundamentallossofresiliencewillenduptakingourlives,theresearchers

concludeintheirfindingspublishedinNatureCommunications.

Forthestudy,TimothyPyrkov,aresearcherataSingapore-basedcompanycalledGero,

andhiscolleaguesanalyzedlargedatasetsfromtheUnitedStates,theUnitedKingdom,and

Russia,whichtogetherincludedtheanonymized（匿名的）medicaldataofmorethan500,

000people.Theylookedattwonumberscollectedfromtheseindividuals'bloodtestsoverthe

courseofafewmonths：aratio（比快!I）oftwodifferenttypesofdisease-fightingwhiteblood

cells；andameasureofvariability（可变性）inthesizeofredbloodcells.Justasapersonmight

havegrayerhairastheyage,thesetwonumbersgoupasageincreases.Scientistscallthem

biomarkersofaging.

Fromthosebloodtests,theresearchersthenusedacomputermodeltodeterminewhatthey

calledDOSI（dynamicorganismstateindicator）foreachperson一essentiallyameasureof

"biologicalage"thattheycouldusealongwiththetimebetweenbloodteststoquantifyhowwell

apersonwouldbeabletorecoverfromillnessorinjury.Basedontrendsinthedata,theyfound

thatsometimebetween120and150yearsold,resiliencewouldentirelyceaseandaperson

wouldbeunabletosurvive.

Thedesiretounlockthesecretsofimmortalityhaslikelybeenaroundaslongashumans

havebeenawareofdeath.However,alonglifespanisnotthesameasalonghealthspan,says

S.JayOlshansky,aprofessorattheUniversityofIllinoisatChicago,whowasnotinvolvedinthe

work.nThefocusshouldn'tbeonlivinglongerbutonlivinghealthierforlonger.H

HeatherWhitson,directoroftheDukeUniversityCenterfortheStudyofAgingandHuman

Development,isalsointerestedinseeingthisconclusionbemade."Deathisnottheonlything

thatmatters,Hshesays.nOtherthings,suchasone*squalityoflife,startmatteringmoreandmore

aspeopleexperiencethelossofthem."Thedeathmodeledinthisstudyistheultimatelingering

death.Andthequestionis：Canweextendlifewithoutalsoextendingtheproportionoftimein

whichpeoplewillhavetogothroughaweakenedstate?"

(1)What*sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword"literal“inPara.1?

A.Real.

B.Unrealistic.

C.Possible.

D.Conclusive.

(2)Accordingtotheresearchfindings,whatisthedecisivefactorbehindhumanbeings*

ultimatedeath?

A.Theconstantchanginglevelofone'sDOSL

B.One'spoorqualityoflife.

C.Illnessesandinjuriesoneencounters.

D.Lossofphysicalresilienceasoneages.

(3)WhichofthefollowingstatementsisfalseabouttheresearchdonebyTimothyPyrkov?

A.Itaimedtodeterminetheceilingoflongevity.

B.Thehigherthevariabilityinthesizeofredbloodcellsis,theyoungerone'sageis.

C.DOSIwasusedtoquantifytheabilityonehastorecoverfromillness.

D.Itshowedthatnohumancanlivelongerthan150yearstheoretically.

(4)What*sthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Technologicaladvancesboostourpursuitoflongevity.

B.Weshouldn'tfocusondeathifwewanttoliveameaningfullife.

C.Technologyhelpsusdeterminehowlongwecanlive.

D.Weshouldfocusmoreonthequalityratherthanthelengthoflife.

SectionCDirections：Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesgivenbelow.

Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomorese