高一英语阅读理解2篇(含答案)

11/11高一英语阅读理解2篇（含答案）一、阅读理解阅读下列短文，从各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。1.Theytelluswhentogetuporwhenwe’rerunninglateforworkandwhetherweareindangerofmissingourfavoriteTVprogram.Butwhileourdailyactivitiesrelyonclocksthattellusthetime,scienceisdiscoveringthatourwell-beingisinfluencedbyaverydifferentkindoftimepiece.Circadianrhythms—thehumanbody’sowninternal(体内的)clock—haveapowerfulinfluenceonourhealthandbehaviour.Theyareprogrammedfrombirthandcontrolfunctionsrangingfromtemperatureandbloodpressuretosleeppatterns.Inrecentyearsresearchershavealsodiscoveredthatthisbuilt-inmechanism(机制)caninfluenceeverythingfromthewaywereacttomedicinestohowwellwelearnmusic.Thelatestexample,fromexpertsatHarvardUniversityintheUS,showsthatthehumanbodyclockcaneveninfluencewhetherornotwearelikelytotellthetruth.Researchersfounditwaseasierforpeopletotellliesintheafternoonbecause,astheyweretired,theself-controlthatwouldnormallypreventthemfromlyingstartedtobreakdown.Tirednessmadeiteasierforthemtotelllies—especiallyifilmeanttheygotafinancialrewardattheend."Thebodyclockhasagreatinfluenceonusall,"saysProfessorJimHornefromtheSleepResearchCentreatLoughboroughUniversity."Mostpeopletendtofeelgoodaroundlatemorningandthendeclineintheearlyafternoon.Butthetimemostofuswillfeelsharpestisbetween6pmand8pm.That’sbecausesleepinesstendstobuildupthroughouttheday.Byearlyeveningourbodyclockkicksintowakeusup.Onereasonmaybetoensurewegethomesafely.Whenourancestors(祖先)werecominghomeafterhuntingalldaytheirinternalclockskickedintogetthemhomeinonepiece."Sowhateffectsdocircadianrhythmshaveandwhat’sthebesttimeofdaytotakeadvantageofthem?1.Theunderlinedword"They"inthefirstparagraphrefersto________.A.ourclocksB.scientistsandexpertsC.ourdailyroutinesD.circadianrhythms2.TheresearchinParagraph3foundthatpeopletendto________.A.telllieswhentheyaretiredB.tellliesiftheyarerewardedC.getangryastheybecometiredD.breakdownbecausetheyaretired3.Accordingtothepassage,whenarepeoplemostquick-thinking?A.Inthemorning.B.Aroundmidday.C.Inthelateafternoon.D.Intheearlyevening.4.Whatinformationwillthewriterprobablypresentfollowingthelastparagraph?A.Somepracticalsuggestionstopreventpeoplefromlying.B.Examplesofhowthehumanbodyclockcontrolsthebody.C.Examplesofthemostsuitabletimetododifferentactivities.D.Anexplanationofwhythehumanbodyclockcancontrolthebody.【解题导语】本篇为说明文，主要介绍了人体生物钟对我们生活的影响。【长难句解读】Inrecentyearsresearchershavealsodiscoveredthatthisbuilt-inmechanism(机制)caninfluenceeverythingfromthewaywereacttomedicinestohowwellwelearnmusic.分析:discovered后为that引导的宾语从句。宾语从句中包含了定语从句wereacttomedicines,修饰先行词way。译文：最近几年，研究者也发现了这种内在机制可以影响一切事情，从我们对药物作出反应的方式到我们学习音乐的程度。1.D【命题意图】考查细节理解。【解题思路】由上文中的"Circadianrhythms--thehumanbody’sowninternal(体内的)dock"可知，此处They指代上文提到的Circadianrhythms，表示它们是与生俱来的。2.A【命题意图】考查细节理解。【解题思路】由第三段中的"Researchersfounditwaseasierforpeopletotellliesintheafternoonbecause,astheyweretired,theself-control...breakdown"可知答案为A。3.D【命题意图】考查细节理解。【解题思路】由第四段中的"Butthetimemostofuswillfeelsharpestisbetween6pmand8pm...Byearlyeveningourbodyclockkicksintowakeusup"可知答案为D。4.C【命题意图】考查推理判断。【解题思路】由最后一段提出的问题中的"what’sthebesttimeofdaytotakeadvantageofthem"可知,接下来应是举一些例子来说明做不同活动的最佳时机。2.Whenitcomestolearningaforeignlanguage,manypeoplewonderiftheywillbeabletomemorizeenoughvocabulary.Butthisquestionneverhappensabouttheirmothertongue,andyet,itwasaforeignlanguageonce.However,amongallthequestionsthatnewparentsask,nodoctorhaseverheard“Willmybabybeabletolearnmylanguage?”Tobehonest,doyouknowallthewordsofyourmothertongue?Theansweris“No”.Newwords,andnewwaysofusingoldwords,appeareveryday.Twentyyearsago,whowouldhavebeenabletounderstandasentencelikethis:“Clickheretodownloadyourdigitalbook”?Nobody.Youneverstoplearningnewvocabularyandyouneverknowhowlongyouwillneedit.Sometimes，youhavethewordonthetipofyourtongue...anditsticksthere!Butyoudoknowthisphenomenon(现象）andthinkthatitisn’tbecauseofabadmemory.Youshouldnotgivethisphenomenonmoreimportanceinthelanguageyouarelearningthaninyourmothertongue.Youneedtolearnonly2,000orsobasicwordstobeabletocreateanyphraseyouneed.Youcan’tavoidsomeworkinordertolearnthesenecessarywordsandallthemoreifyouwanttolearnquickly.Andbeforeyouconsiderbuyingintoanymethod,besureitisrightforyou.Itisnotwisetodependonanymethodbaseduponmnemonics(记忆术).Thefirstwordsseemveryeasytolearn,soyoubuythecourse,butthenyoudiscoverquickly,thoughtoolate，thatsomewordslateraremoredifficulttolearn.(1)Fromthefirstparagraph,wecaninferthat________.A.thereisnoneedtoknowallthewordsofaforeignlanguageB.itishonesttoanswer“no”toaquestionyoudon’tknowC.ababycanknowallthenewwordsofitsmothertongueD.peoplefindithardtomemorizethevocabularyoftheirlanguage(2)TheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3probablymeans________.A.youcanrememberthewordB.youjustfailtorememberthewordC.youarenotsureofthewordD.youdaren’topenyourmouthtospeaktheword(3)Tolearnaforeignlanguage»theauthoradvisesyou________.A.toremembernewwordsappearingeverydayB.tokeepupwithnewwaysofusingoldwordsC.tolearnabout2,000necessarywordsD.topaymoreattentiontoyourbadmemory(4)Thepassageismainlyabout________.A.usingoldwordsinanewwayB.learningnewwordsfromthecontextC.findingamethodtomemorizethevocabularyD.learningthevocabularyofaforeignlanguage答案：(1)-(4)ABCD解析：(1)推理判断题。从第一段中的“Tobehonest,doyouknowallthewordsofyourmothertongue?Theansweris‘No’.”可知，一个人既然连自己母语的词汇都不可能全部认识，那么在学习外语时，也就没有必要记住所有的词汇。(2)句意理解题。根据画线句子后面一句“Butyoudoknowthisphenomenonandthinkthatitisn’tbecauseofabadmemory.”可以推知，这里是说你一时想不起来那个词。故选B项。(3)细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Youneedtolearnonly2,000orsobasicwordstobeabletocreateanyphraseyouneed.”可知C项为正确答案。(4)主旨大意题。本文介绍的主要是学习外语时的词汇量问题，分析四个选项可知，D项符合主题。3.(2014•全国高考II)Oneofthelatesttrends(趋势)inAmericanchildcareisChineseaupairs.AuPairinStamford,Conn.,forexample,hasgotincreasingnumbersofrequestsforChineseaupairsfromzerotoaround4,000since2004.Andthat’strueallacrossthecountry.“IthoughtitwouldbeveryusefulforhimtolearnChineseatanearlyage,”JosephStocke,themanagingdirectorofacompany,saysofhis2-year-oldson.“Iwouldatleastliketogivehimthechancetousethelanguageinthefuture.”Afteronlysixmonthsofbeingcaredforbya25-year-oldwomanfromChina,theboycanalreadyunderstandbasicChinesedailyexpressions,hisdadsays.LiDrake,aChinesenativeraisingtwochildreninMinnesotawithanAmericanhusband,hadanotherreasonforlookingforanaupairfromChina:Shedidn’twantherchildrentomissoutontheirroots.“BecauseIamChinese,myhusbandandIwantedthechildrentokeepexposedto(接触)thelanguageandculture(文化),”shesays.“Stayingwithanativespeakerisbetterforchildrenthansimplysittinginaclassroom,”saysSuzanneFlynn,aprofessorinlanguageeducationofchildren.“Butparentsmustunderstandthatjustoneyearwithanaupairisunlikelytoproducewonders.Completemasterydemandscontinuedlearninguntiltheageof10or12.’’ThepopularityofaupairsfromChinahasbeenstrengthenedbytheincreasingnumbersofAmericanparentswhowanttheirchildrentolearnChinese.ItisexpectedthatAmericandemandforaupairswillcontinuetoriseinthenextfewyears.(1)Whatdoestheterm“aupair”inthetextmean?A.Amotherraisingherchildrenonherown.B.Achildlearningaforeignlanguageathome.C.Aprofessorinlanguageeducationofchildren.D.Ayoungforeignwomantakingcareofchildren.(2)LiDrakehasherchildrenstudyChinesebecauseshewantsthem________.A.toliveinChinasomedayB.tospeakthelanguageathomeC.tocatchupwithotherchildrenD.tolearnabouttheChineseculture(3)Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.LearningChineseisbecomingpopularinAmerica.B.Educatedwomendobetterinlookingafterchildren.C.ChineseaupairsneedtoimprovetheirEnglishskills.D.Childrencanlearnaforeignlanguagewellinsixmonths.3.(1)-(4)DDA[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了汉语在美国日益受到欢迎，从而引起了aupair的流行，即雇用说汉语的中国保姆来照顾孩子，以便孩子们能够跟保姆学习汉语等情况。(1)推理判断题。由第二段中约瑟夫请了一个25岁的中国女子照顾他两岁的儿子，以此给儿子创造学习汉语的机会，和第三段中一位华侨母亲也用这种方式教育自己的两个孩子，以及第四段中一位语言教授提到的“和说母语的人在一起学习语言比在教室好”等信息可知，anpair指的是负责照顾孩子的外国保姆。A项指“独自抚养孩子的母亲”，B项指“在家里学习外语的孩子”，C项指“儿童语言教育方面的教授”，这些均不是aupair所指代的内容。(2)细节理解题。结合第三段的内容可知，她本是一名中国人，但还是请了一位说汉语的保姆来让孩子们学习汉语，再根据她所说的“BecauseIamChinese,myhusbandandIwantedthechildrentokeepexposedtothelanguageandculture...”可知，她这样做的目的是让孩子们接触中国的语言和文化，故选D项。A项指“将来有一天居住在中国”，B项指“在家里说汉语”，C项指“赶上其他的孩子们”，这些信息在文章中都没有提及。(3)主旨大意题。本文通过列举一些具体的例子，说明了美国的父母们正在兴起一种“aupair”热，即通过请说汉语的中国保姆来照顾自己的孩子，从而让孩子们有机会学习汉语，这说明了汉语在美国日益受到欢迎，因此选A项。B项指受过教育的妇女在照顾孩子方面更擅长，与本文的主要内容没有关系；C项虽然提到了Chineseaupairs,但是其侧重点在她们需要提高自己的英语技能上；D项说“孩子们可以在6个月内学好一门外语”这与本文中儿童教育学家说的“Completemasterydemandscontinuedlearninguntiltheageof10or12.”相矛盾。4.TherearemanyusefulsuggestionsthatcanhelponetoimproveEnglish.Herearesomeofthemtoincreaseone’sEnglishlanguagevocabulary.LearningEnglishvocabularyisaboutmuchmorethanjustlearningtherightwords.Itisbasedonunder-standingimportantwordsandexpressions.Learningawordwillnothelpverymuchifyouquicklyforgetit.Researchesshowthatittakesfrom10to20repetitions(重复)toreallymakeawordpartofyourvocabulary.Sincemostwordsarelearnedfromhowtheyareusedincontext(上下文),themorewordsoneisshown,thebettervocabularyonewillhave.Keepapieceofpaperclosetoyou.Whenyouread,paycloseattentiontothewordyoudonotknow,writetheworddownandtrytounderstanditsmeaningfromthecontext.Thenlookupthewordinadictionary.RememberthatifyoudonotuseEnglishwordsthatyouhavejustlearnedinconversationorwriting,youwillforgetthemveryquickly.Sothebestwaytolearnnewwordseffectivelyisjustbytryingtousetheminconversationandwriting.AndrememberthatpracticeisthekeytofluentspokenEnglish.Buildingvocabularyisalife-longtask.Remember:“Inthebeginningwastheword.”Yourfuturecoulddependonhowrichyourvocabularyis.Itwillalsodeterminethequalityofyourcommunication.(1) WecanlearnfromthepassagethatlearningEnglishvocabulary A.isjustaboutlearningtherightwordsB.isaboutrememberingmoreandmorewordsC.doesn’trequireonetolearnexpressionsD.requiresonetounderstandimportantexpressions(2)WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Tomasteraword,youneedtorepeatit10-20times.B.Ifyourememberaword,youwillstillforgetitifyoudon’tuseit.C.Itdoesn’ttakelongtobuildone’svocabulary.D.PracticeisveryimportantinfluentspokenEnglish.(3)Thebestwaytolearnnewwordsis .A.tryingtousethemwhilespeakingandwritingB.writingthemdownoverandoveragainC.alwayslookingthemupinthedictionaryD.readingthemaloudoverandoveragain(4)Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.HowtoenrichyourEnglishvocabulary.B.HowtohaveagoodconversationinEnglish.C.WhycontextisimportantinlearningEnglish.D.Howtoimprovethequalityofcommunication答案：(1)-(4)DCAA解析：[语篇解读]你知道如何增加英语词汇量吗？理解词汇和短语的意思，通过上下文学习，在对话和写作中运用，这些方法都对增加词汇量大有裨益。(1) 细节理解题。根据第二段的LearningEnglishvocabularyisaboutmuchmorethanjustlearningtherightwords.Itisbasedonunderstandingimportantwordsandexpressions.可知，学习英语词汇不仅仅是学习正确的单词，学习词汇应该建立在理解词汇和短语的基础之上，故选D项。A项与LearningEnglishvocabularyisaboutmuchmorethanjustlearningtherightwords.矛盾。B项“记越来越多的单词”在文中未提及。C项与Itisbasedonunderstandingimportantwordsandexpressions.矛盾。(2) 细节理解题。根据第五段第一句Buildingvocabularyisalife-longtask.可知，发展词汇量是一个终生的任务，故C项表达与文甯内容不符。A项与第三段的Researchesshowthatittakesfrom10to20repetitions(重复)toreallymakeawordpartofyourvocabulary.相符。B项与第四段的…ifyoudonotuseEnglishwordsthatyouhavejustlearnedinconversationorwriting,youwillforgetthemveryquickly.相符。D项与第四段的AndrememberthatpracticeisthekeytofluentspokenEnglish.相符。(3) 细节理解题。由第四段第二句Sothebestwaytolearnnewwordseffectivelyisjustbytryingtousetheminconversationandwriting.可知，学习新的词汇最好的方法是在对话和写作中多加运用，故选A项。(4) 主旨大意题。文章讲的是增加词汇量的方法，如：理解词汇和短语的意思，通过上下文学习，在对话和写作中运用。由此可知A项正确。5.七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Moreandmorebossesworldwideareexpectingtheirworkerstobegoodattwoorevenmorelanguages.Sothesewo