江西省（九省新高考卷）2024年高考英语考场仿真模拟（解析版）

备战2024年高考英语模拟卷05（九省新高考卷）

（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，

用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）

第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选

项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.Howdoesthemanusuallygotowork?

A.Bycar.B.Bybike.C.Bytaxi.

【答案】B

【原文】W:Harry,whereareyouworking?Inasteelfactory?

M:No,Iserveasasecretaryinabigcompany.

W:Howdoyougotowork?Bycarorbybus?

M:Usuallybybike,butItakeataxiwhentheweatherisbad.

2.Whenwillthetrainarrive?

A.At4:50.B.At5:10.C.At10:15.

【答案】B

【原文】M:Thetrainshouldarrivenow.Whafsthetimebyyourwatch?

W:Letmesee.Ifstentofive.We'llhavetowaitanothertwentyminutesbeforeitarrives.Justbepatient.

3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Inarestaurant.B.Inaclass.C.Inafamily.

【答案】A

【原文1M:I'mafraidyou'vemadeamistake.Ihaven'torderedthiscourse.

W:Sosorry,Imusthaveconfusedtheorders.rilbringyouahotonerightawayandthiscourseisforyou

withoutextramoney.

4.Whydoesthewomancongratulatetheman?

A.He'sgettingmarried.B.Hebecomesadoctor.C.He'sjustbecomeafather.

【答案】c

【原文】M:How'smywife?

W:Congratulations!Yburwifegavebirthtoabeautifulbabygirl.

M:ThankGod!Doctor,canIseemywifenow?

W:Sure.She'sabittiredandstressed.Butdon'tworry,sheisingoodhands.

5.Howdoesthemanfindtheadvicefromthewoman?

A.Ridiculous.B.Helpful.C.Funny.

【答案】A

【原文】M:Theloudnoiseiskillingme.

W:Oh,wehavenochoicebuttoputupwithit;thehousenextdoorisbeingdecorated.Maybeyoucanwork

onyourdesignintheevening.

M:Areyoujoking?Itisduetomorrow.

第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项

中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题

将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

6.WhatwillthewomandothisSunday?

A.Reviewherlessons.B.Takeamathexam.C.Tendtohercousins.

7.Whoisexpertatmakingpizzas?

A.Alice.B.Peter.C.Mike.

【答案】6.A7.B

【原文】M:Hi,Alice,TmgoingtoholdapartythisSunday.Wouldyouliketocome?

W:Oh,rdloveto,butIhavetostudytoprepareforamathexamonMonday.Thankyouforinvitingme.

Whoelsewillgototheparty?

M:Well,anumberofpeoplehaven'trepliedyet.ButPeterandMikearegoingtohelpoutwiththecooking.

W:Hey,IknowPeterisskilledatmakingpizzas.

M:Thatsoundsdelicious!MyItaliancousinsaregoingtobethere.Tmsuretheywillloveit.

W:Really?Hopeyouallhaveagoodtime!

听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。

8.WhatdidSarahdoalmosteverydayduringhertrip?

A.Sheplayedthepiano.B.Shewentswimming.C.Shedidherhomework.

9.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Schoolmates.B.Guideandtourist.C.Teacherandstudent.

【答案】8.B9.A

［原文】M:HeySarah,welcomeback!Howwasthetrip?

W:Fantastic.Igotahighscoreinmypianoexam.Mymomwassoproudthatsheletmehaveanysouvenir

Iwanted.

MCool,whatdidyouget?

W:Iwantedsomethingtoremindmeofallthebreathtakinglandscapes,soIgotthisglassbottlefilledwith

sandfromthedifferentbeacheswevisited.

M:Wow,ifssopretty.Ihearthebeachestherearefantastic.Didyoudoalotofswimming?

W:Absolutely.Thewaterwassocleanandclear.Iwentforaswimalmosteveryday.

M:Thafssocool.I'mtotallyjealous.Itrainedhereprettymuchwhileyouweregone.

W:Atleastyoudon'thavetocatchuponhomeworklikeme.

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。

10.Whatdoweknowabouttheweatherlastweek?

A.Itwasdry.B.Itwasstormy.C.Itwascold.

11.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestdoing?

A.Drivingslowly.B.Avoidinggoingout.C.Preparingenoughfood.

12.Whatcanpeopleexpectnextmonth?

A.Heavyrainfall.B.Extremecold.C.Strongwinds.

13.WhoisprobablyDan?

A.Aweatherman.B.Asportsjournalist.C.Afinancenewshost.

【答案】10.A11.C12.B13.C

【原文】Goodevening.ThisisAlanRickmanherewiththisweek'sweatherreport.Afteraweekofdry

weather,there'sahugestormcomingfromthewest.Weareexpectingheavysnowfallandstrongwinds

tomorrowmorning.ThetemperaturesmightdropsharplywithalowofminustendegreesCelsius.Iwon't

besurprisedifschoolsgetclosed.Sobecarefulwhengoingoutside.Ifyouhavetogoout,dresswarmlyand

don'tstayoutsidefortoolong.Roadconditionsmightbepoor,soavoiddrivingifyoucan.Youshouldstore

enoughfoodandothernecessaryitemsquickly,justincaseyou'llhavetostayathomeforacoupleofdays

oncethestormhits.OnWednesday,thetemperaturevariesfromminusfivedegreesCelsiustominuseight.

Itseemsthatthestormwillleaveontheweekendwithlightsnowexpected.Nextmonththedryweatherwill

comeback,butitwon'tbringbackthewarmthweenjoyedlastweek,buttheseverecoldinstead.Sorryfor

allthebadnewstothosewhoenjoyoutdoorsports.Andthafsyourweatherreport.Haveagreatevening!

Now,backtoDanwithtonighfsbusinessnews.

听下面一段长材料，回答以下小题。

14.Whatisthiscompetitionabout?

A.Savingenergyathome.B.Reducingnoisepollution.C.Usingtechnologycreatively.

15.Whatisthestoneusedfor?

A.Startingthemachine.B.Increasingairpressure.C.Producingcarbondioxide.

16.Whydoesthewomancometotheman?

A.Todiscussthewayofwritingapaper.

B.Tofindtherightmaterialforamodel.

C.Tostudytheapproachtodetaileddrawings.

【答案】14.C15.A16.B

【原文】W:Hello,Professor.CouldyouhelpmewithmyentryfortheDesignCompetition?

M:OK.Arethereanyrequirements?Forexample,savingenergyorproducingnonoise?

W:Actuallythatwasthefocusinformercompetitions.Wehavetoadoptacreativeapproachtoexisting

technologythisyear.

M:Isee.Whatisyourdesign?

W:Adishwasher.Hereismydrawing.

M:There'sastoneatthebottom.Isthatfordecoration?

W:No.Insteadofpushingabuttontostart,youturnthestone.

M:Good,butwhatmakesyourdesigncreative?

W:Myideaistogivepressuretothecarbondioxidesothatitbecomesaliquid.Theliquidisusedtoclean

thedishes.

M:Abrilliantidea!

W:Thankyou.Ihavetogiveapresentationaboutthedesign.I'vegotdetaileddrawingsanda500-word

paperonit,butIamnotsurewhatmaterialissuitableforamodelofthemachine.

M:Isee.

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。

17.WhatcanDevildo?

A.Playmusic.B.Carryluggage.C.Removeblocks.

18.WhichaspectofDevilisparticularlymentionedforimprovement?

A.Itssteadiness.B.Itspower.C.Itsstructure.

19.WhydidLinuploadhisvideo?

A.Tokilltime.B.Torecordhislife.C.Toinfluencemoreyouth.

20.WhendidLinrealizehisinventionscouldbenefitothers?

A.In2018.B.In2019.C.In2021.

【答案】17.B18.A19.C20.B

【原文】WhenBilibiliuploaderLinXiaohadtoomanybagstocarry,hebuiltarobottoaddressthe

problem.Therobofsname?Devil!

ThenamecomesfromthebackgroundmusicDevilsSwing.Itlookslikeasuitcase,whichcanfollowLin

everywhereandavoidblocksinitspath.Besidescarryingbags,itcanbeusedfortransportandevencharge

phones.

Therobothasasteelstructureanda3D-printedplasticshell.Thebrainoftherobotispoweredbyan

electronicsplatform.Althoughittookeightmonthstomake,LinadmitsDevilisnotgoodenough,

particularlyinitsphysicalstability.Linpresenteditinthevideojusttoinspiremoreyoungpeoplewiththe

imaginationandpassiontocreate.

Lin'spassionforroboticsbeganinhisfirstyearathighschoolin2018,whenateacherdiscoveredhis

talentforcomputersandadvancedhisskills.Oneyearlater,hedevelopedasmarthomesystem,whichmade

himunderstandhowhisproductscouldhelpothers.Asauniversityfreshmannow,Linbelievesheandhis

productswillmakeadifferenceinthefuture.

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Now,EarthDayiscelebratedaroundtheworld.Westillfacemanychallenges,suchasclimatechange,

plasticpollution,anddeforestation.Butwecanallmakeadifference.

HerTreesSaveLives

AdelineTiffanieSuwanawas12whenherfamily'shomeflooded.Indonesia,herislandnation,isoften

hithardbyfloodsandothernaturaldisasters.

Adelinelearnedthatmangrovetreesplayakeyroleinfloodprotectionandralliedclassmatestoplant

200treesduringaschoolbreak.TheystartedagroupcalledSahabatAlamorFriendsofNature,which

workstoconservetheregion'sbiodiversityandcombatclimatechange.

Today.Adelineattendsuniversity,studyinghowbusinessescanhelptheenvironment.

Teens'Two-FoldInvention

EPS-expandedpolystyrenefoam-isthewhite,lightweightstuffusedtomakethingsliketakeout

foodcontainers,foameggcartons,andpacking“peanuts”.Butittakesupalotofspaceandisdifficultto

recycle.EPSbreaksintosmallpiecesasitfloatsdownwaterwaysintooceans,harmingwildlifealongthe

way.

Eighth-gradersJuliaBray,LukeClay,andAshtonCoferlookedatEPS'schemicalmakeupandsawthat

itwasmostlycarbon.Thatsparkedanidea.Couldtheyturnitintoactivatedcarbon,amaterialthatfilters

toxinsfromwater?

After50hoursofexperiments,includingonethataccidentallysetthefamilygrillfire,theysucceeded!

SolarforHerSchool

WhenClaireVlasesofMontanawasinseventhgrade,shelearnedaboutplanstoexpandand

modernizehermiddleschool.Claireaskedtheschoolboardtoaddsolarpanelstotheproject.Theboard

likedtheideabutsaiditcouldcontributejust$25,000,one-fifthofthecost.SoClaireorganizedagroupof

kidsandadultswhosettoworkraisingtherest.

Theyaskedfordonations,evengoingdoor-to-doorforthem.Andtheyappealedtocharitable

foundationstoo.Oneevendonatedhalfthecost!

Aftertwoyearsofhardwork,thegrouppaidforthesolarpanels,whichnowsupplyone-fourthofthe

school'selectricityneeds.

21.Whatdothethreegroupsofteenagershaveincommon?

A.TheyareEarth-helpingheroes.B.Theyarefromislandcountries.

C.Theyarehighschoolstudents.D.Theyarekeenonexperiments.

22.Howmuchdidoneofthecharitableorganizationsdonateforsolarpanels?

A.$25,000.B.$50,000.C.$62,500.D.$125,000.

23.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?

A.Togivemodelsforcolorfulschoolactivities.

B.Toexplorethewaystodealwithplasticpollution.

C.Toinspirepeopletoactforenvironmentalproblems.

D.Todisplaytheamazingpowerofeffectivecooperation.

【答案】21.A22.C23.C

【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍一些学生形成组织为保护地球做出的事迹。

21.推理判断题。由文章第一段“Now,EarthDayiscelebratedaroundtheworld.Westillfacemany

challenges,suchasclimatechange,plasticpollution,anddeforestation.Butwecanallmakeadifference.（现

在，世界各地都在庆祝地球日。我们仍然面临许多挑战，如气候变化、塑料污染和森林砍伐。但我们

都可以有所作为。）”以及下文可知，文章主要介绍一些学生形成组织为保护地球做出的事迹。所以本

文中的青少年都是保护地球的英雄们。故选A项。

22.细节理解题。由文章SolarforHerSchool中“Claireaskedtheschoolboardtoaddsolarpanelstothe

project.Theboardlikedtheideabutsaiditcouldcontributejust$25,000,one-fifthofthecost.（克莱尔要求

学校董事会为该项目增加太阳能电池板。董事会喜欢这个想法，但表示只能出资25000美元，即成本

的五分之户以及“Theyaskedfordonations,evengoingdoor-to-doorforthem.Andtheyappealedto

charitablefoundationstoo.Oneevendonatedhalfthecost!（他们要求捐款，甚至挨家挨户地为他们募捐。

他们也呼吁慈善基金会。其中一个慈善基金会甚至捐出了一半的费用！户可知，总共费用需要

25,000*5=125,000,其中一半是65,000。故选C项。

23.推理判断题。由文章第一段“Now,EarthDayiscelebratedaroundtheworld.Westillfacemany

challenges,suchasclimatechange,plasticpollution,anddeforestation.Butwecanallmakeadifference.（51

在，世界各地都在庆祝地球日。我们仍然面临许多挑战，如气候变化、塑料污染和森林砍伐。但我们

都可以有所作为。）”以及下文可知，文章主要介绍一些学生形成组织为保护地球做出的事迹。所以这

篇文章举例展示有效合作的惊人力量。故选C项。

B

Parentsoftenthinkthattheirkidsshouldbegoodatstudiesanddowellinsports.Thafsusuallythe

casebecauseparentsfeelthatcouldgettheirchildrenadmissiontotopcolleges.However,MelissaandMark

Wimmerthinkdifferently.

Their14-year-oldson,Mike,isaprodigy.HeisamemberofMensa,whichistheworld'stopIQclub.

Hecompletedhishighschool,associate'sandbachelor'sdegreesallinthreeyears.Thafsnotall.Healso

rantwotechcompanies,foundedathirdonethatworkstowardscontrollingthepopulationoflionfish,an

invasive（入侵的）species.

ButtheparentsareproudthattheywereabletohelpMikewithhissocialskillsalongwithhis

intellectualskills.MelissatoldCNBCthatpeopleexpected"YoungSheldon^^beforetheymetherson.Young

Sheldonisatelevisionshowaboutachildtalentwhoisanindoormanandlackssocialskills."Butoncethey

talktoMike,theyunderstandthathe'sjustanormal14-year-oldthathappenstobeabletodoamazing

things,9,saidMelissa.

MarkandMelissagottoknowabouttheirchild'sintelligencewhenheenteredpreschool.Achild

psychologisttoldthemthattheirsonwouldneedadifferentcoursetosupporthisfast-trackdevelopment.

Manyparentsaren'tcomfortablewithputtingtheirchildrenwith18-year-olds,butMike'sparentssawthe

valueinlettingtheirchildgothroughit."Iwantedhimtobesocialandbeabletodealwithallthedifferent

personalitiesintheclassroomswitholderchildren,saidMelissa.

TheparentssharedthattheywereabletodothisbylettingMikefindhisownvoiceandputittouse.

“Welethimorderfoodwhenhe's3or4fromthewaiterorwaitressandintroducehimselftopeople.Those

kindsofthingsaredonetoencouragehimtoengagewitheveryoneelseandbemorecomfortabletalkingto

othersoutsideofourenvironment,saidMelissa.

Thankstohisparents,Mikehaslearnedtogetalongwithyoungandoldalike.

24.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“aprodigy“inparagraph2referto?

A.Agiftedperson.B.Afamousstudent.

C.Abrilliantbiologist.D.Asuccessfulbusinessman.

25.WhatcanweinferaboutthechildintheshowYoungSheldon!

A.Helikestomakefriends.B.Heisawell-roundedman.

C.Heisapopularchildactor.D.Heispooratdealingwithpeople.

26.HowdidMarkandMelissadiscoverMike'shighintelligence?

A.Througharecommendationfromachildpsychologist.

B.ThroughobservingMike'sbehaviorinpreschool.

C.Throughparticipatinginaspecialeducationalprogram.

D.ThroughtheinformationprovidedbyMike'sschoolteachers.

27.WhatdoMike'sparentsdotoimprovehissocialskills?

A.Teachhimsomecommunicationrules.B.Encouragehimtospeakinclass.

C.Placehiminsocialsituations.D.Lethimgotoschoolalone.

【答案】24.A25.D26.A27.C

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了天才少年Mike的父母在助力儿子发展智力的同时，鼓励并

帮助他发展社交技能的故事。

24.词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文“HeisamemberofMensa,whichistheworld'stopIQclub.He

completedhishighschool,associate'sandbachelor'sdegreesallinthreeyears.（他是全球顶尖的智商俱乐

部门萨的成员。他在三年内完成了高中、副学士和学士学位）”可知，Mike的智商非常高，学习能力

非常强，能迅速完成学业。由此可知，他应该是一个天才，aprodigy意思应该是“极具天赋的人”。故

选A项。

25.推理判断题。根据第三段中Sheldonisatelevisionshowaboutachildtalentwhoisanindoor

manandlackssocialskills.（《小谢尔顿》是一部关于一个天才少年的电视节目，他是一个宅在家里的

男孩，缺乏社交能力）”可知，《小谢尔顿》这部剧中的天才少年宅在家里，缺乏社交能力。由此可知，

他不善于与人打交道。故选D项。

26.细节理解题。根据第四段中"MarkandMelissagottoknowabouttheirchild'sintelligencewhenhe

enteredpreschool.Achildpsychologisttoldthemthattheirsonwouldneedadifferentcoursetosupporthis

fast-trackdevelopment.（Mark和Melissa在孩子上幼儿园的时候就开始了解他的智商了。一位儿童心理

学家告诉他们，他们的儿子需要一个不同的处理方式来支持他的快速发展）”可知，通过一位儿童心理

学家的建议，Mark和Melissa发现了Mike的高智商。故选A项。

27.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Melissa所说的话“Welethimorderfoodwhenhe飞3or4fromthe

waiterorwaitressandintroducehimselftopeople.Thosekindsofthingsaredonetoencouragehimto

engagewitheveryoneelseandbemorecomfortabletalkingtoothersoutsideofourenvironment（当他三四

岁的时候，我们让他从服务员那里点餐，并向人们介绍自己。做这些事情是为了鼓励他和其他人交流，

让他更愿意和我们环境之外的人交流）”可知，Mike的父母让他置身社交场合中，鼓励他和其他人交

流，从而提高他的社交技能。故选C项。

C

Tonallanguagesusepitch（音调）todistinguishwordsthatotherwisemightsoundthesame.In

Mandarin,forinstance,mameanshorsewhereasmameansmother.NontonallanguageslikeSpanish

sometimesincludepitchchangestosuggestemotion,forexample,butnottochangeaword'smeaning.

AsaMandarinspeakerandmusician,JingxuanLiuwonderedaboutthecrossover（融合）between

languageandmusic.WhilestudyingatDukeUniversity,Liuhelpedanalyzethemusicalabilitiesofnearly

halfamillionpeoplefrom203countries.Hercolleagueshadlaunchedanonlinegameinwhichparticipants

completedseveralmusicaltasks,includingidentifyingmatchingmelodiesatdifferentpitchesandfinding

beattracksthatfitsongs'rhythms.

Onaverage,nativespeakersofthe19representedtonallanguageswerebetteratthemelodytask

comparedwithspeakersof29nontonallanguages.Andtheeffectwasn'tsmallatonalfirstlanguage

strengthenedmelodicunderstandingbyabouthalftheamountthatmusiclessonsdid,whichwasalso

surveyed.Buttonallanguagesspeakerstendedtobeworseattherhythmtask.

Humansmustbechoosyaboutwhattheypayattentionto.Pitchpatternsarequiteimportantintonal

languages,whichmightexplainthebalancingactinmusic."You'vegotafiniteresourceofattention,and

you'vegottodivideupthatsomehow,saysstudycoauthorCourtneyHilton,ascientistattheUniversityof

AucklandinNewZealand.

Priorresearchonlanguageandmusicoftencomparedjusttwotongues,usuallyEnglishandMandarin.

Butotherculturalinfluences,suchasEasternandWesternmusicstyles,couldhaveaffectedresults.By

examiningawiderangeofpeople,thenewstudyincludedlanguagesneverestimatedinthiswayand

reachedmoregeneralizableconclusion.

“Ourresulthereisshowingthatthelanguagesomeonespeakswhichisanimportantpartofculture一

alsoshapescognition,9,Hiltonsays.

28.WhydidLiu'scolleagueslaunchtheonlinegame?

A.Toattractmorestudentstodotheresearch.

B.Tolearnaboutdifferentpeople'smusicalabilities.

C.Toconfirmtheroleofmusicinpeople'slanguagelearning.

D.Tofindthedifferencebetweentonallanguagesandnontonalones.

29.Whatwerenativespeakersoftonallanguagesbetteratthanthoseofnontonallanguages?

A.Findingbeattracks.B.Suggestingemotion.

C.Distinguishingwordmeanings.D.Figuringoutmatchingmelodies.

30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"finite“inparagraph4mean?

A.Valued.B.Limited.C.Special.D.Potential.

31.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeLiu'sstudy?

A.Ground-breaking.B.Brain-washing.C.InefficientD.Unreliable.

【答案】28.B29.D30.B31.A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲了一项新的研究发现，声调语言的人比非声调语言的人在音乐旋律

任务上表现得更好，在节奏任务中表现更差。

28.细节理解题。根据第二段"AsaMandarinspeakerandmusician,JingxuanLiuwonderedaboutthe

crossover（融合）betweenlanguageandmusic.WhilestudyingatDukeUniversity,Liuhelpedanalyzethe

musicalabilitiesofnearlyhalfamillionpeoplefrom203countries.Hercolleagueshadlaunchedanonline

gameinwhichparticipantscompletedseveralmusicaltasks,includingidentifyingmatchingmelodiesat

differentpitchesandfindingbeattracksthatfitsongs'rhythms.（作为一名讲普通话的音乐家，刘静轩对语

言和音乐之间的交叉感到好奇。在杜克大学学习期间，刘帮助分析了来自203个国家的近50万人的

音乐能力。她的同事们推出了一个在线游戏，参与者要完成几个音乐任务，包括识别不同音高的匹配

旋律，找到适合歌曲节奏的节拍）”可知，刘的同事们为推出这款网络游戏是为了了解不同的人的音乐

能力。故选B项。

29.细节理解题。根据第三段中"Onaverage,nativespeakersofthe19representedtonallanguageswere

betteratthemelodytaskcomparedwithspeakersof29nontonallanguages.Andtheeffectwasn'tsmalla

tonalfirstlanguagestrengthenedmelodicunderstandingbyabouthalftheamountthatmusiclessonsdid,

whichwasalsosurveyed.（平均而言，19种声调语言的母语人士比29种非声调语言的母语人士在旋律

任务上表现得更好。而且效果并不小，一门有音调的第一语言对旋律理解的增强效果大约是音乐课的

一半，这也是调查的结果）“可知，母语为声调语言的人比母语为非声调语言的人更擅长找出匹配的旋

律。故选D项。

30.词句猜测题。划线词句前文“Humansmustbechoosyaboutwhattheypayattentionto.Pitchpatterns

arequiteimportantintonallanguages,whichmightexplainthebalancingactinmusic.（人类必须对自己关

注的东西有所选择。音高模式在声调语言中非常重要，这也许可以解释音乐中的平衡行为）“说明，人

类必须对他们所关注的东西有选择性，从而推知划线词句“You，vegota行niteresourceofattention,and

you,vegottodivideupthatsomehow（你的注意力资源是finite,你必须以某种方式分配它）'淇中划线词

应为“有限的”的意思，与B项Limited“有限的”同义。故选B项。

31.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段"Priorresearchonlanguageandmusicoftencomparedjusttwotongues,

usuallyEnglishandMandarin.Butotherculturalinfluences,suchasEasternandWesternmusicstyles,

couldhaveaffectedresults.Byexaminingawiderangeofpeople,thenewstudyincludedlanguagesnever

estimatedinthiswayandreachedmoregeneralizableconclusion.（之前关于语言和音乐的研究通常只比较

两种语言，通常是英语和普通话。但其他文化影响，如东西方音乐风格，可能会影响结果。通过对大

范围人群的调查，这项新研究包括了从未以这种方式估计过的语言，并得出了更普遍的结论）”可推知，

刘的研究是开创性的。故选A项。

D

ProfessorsattheUniversityofCaliforniaSanDiegohavedevelopedmicrorobots,whichcanbea

potentialtreatmentforlife-threateningcasesofbacterialpneumonia,aseriousdiseaseaffectinglungsand

makingbreathingdifficult.Inmice,themicrorobotssafelyremovedpneumonia-causingbacteriainthelungs

andresultedin100%survivalwhileuntreatedmicealldiedwithinthreedaysafterinfection.

Themicrorobotsaremadeofalgae（藻类）cellswhosesurfacesarecoveredwithsubstancesthatare

filledwithantibiotics（抗生素）.Thealgaeprovidesmovement,whichallowsthemicrorobotstoswim

aroundandmakeantibioticsgodirectlytomorebacteriainthelungs,helpingabsorbbacteriaandclearthem

ofinfectedcells.Thisgivethemicrorobotstheabilitytoreducebacterialinfection,whichinturnmakes

themmoreeffectiveatfightinglunginfection.

TheworkisajointeffortbyengineeringprofessorsJosephandZhangLiangfang.Together,theyhave

pioneeredthedevelopmentoftinydrug-deliveringrobotsthatcanbesafelyusedinliveanimalstotreat

bacterialinfectionsinthestomachandblood.Treatingbacteriallunginfectionisthelatestintheirlineof

work.

“Inthetraditionaltreatment,sometimesonlyaverysmallnumberofantibioticswillgetintothelungs.

Thafswhymanycurrentantibiotictreatmentsforpneumoniadon'tworkaswellasneeded,saidVictor

Nizet,aco-workerofJosephandZhang"Basedonthesemousedata,weseethatthemicrorobotscould

potentiallyimprovetheuseofantibioticstokillbacteriaandsavemorepatients9lives.^^

Theworkisstillattheproof-of-conceptstage.Theteamplanstodomorebasicresearchtounderstand

exactlyhowthemicrorobotsinteractwiththeimmunesystem（免疫系统）.Nextstepsalsoincludestudiesto

confirmtheeffectivenessofthemicrorobottreatmentbeforetestingitinlargeranimalsandeventually,in

humans."We'repushingtheboundaryfurtherinthefieldoftargeteddrugdelivery,saidZhang.

32.Howdomicrorobotswork?

A.Bydoingtargeteddrugdelivery.

B.Byinteractingwithantibiotic-filledmatter.

C.Byproducingalgaecellsinlungs.

D.Byseparatingharmfulcellsfromhealthyones.

33.WhatisVictorNizefsattitudetowardstheinvention?

A.Doubtful.B.Subjective.C.Cautious.D.Favorable.

34.Whatdoestheteamexpectofthemicrorobots?

A.They911inspireanewlineofresearch.

B.They911helpstrengthentheimmunesystem.

C.They'llhaveawiderrangeofapplication.

D.They'llbeafurtherproofoftheirconcept.

35.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Ascientificinventiontreatingdeadlycancers.

B.Tinyswimmingrobotshelpingtreatpneumonia.

C.Amajorbreakthroughmadeinantibioticresearch.

D.Microrobotsemployedintheengineeringfield.

【答案】32.A33.D34.C35.B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种由藻类细胞制成的微型机器人，这种机器人可以在

肺中四处游动并直接向细菌输送抗生素，从而达到消除肺部感染的目的。

32.细节理解题。根据第二段"Themicrorobotsaremadeofalgae（藻类）cellswhosesurfacesarecovered

withsubstancesthatarefilledwithantibiotics（抗生素）.Thealgaeprovidesmovement,whichallowsthe

microrobotstoswimaroundandmakeantibioticsgodirectlytomorebacteriainthelungs,helpingabsorb

bacteriaandclearthemofinfectedcells.（微型机器人是由藻类细胞制成的，藻类细胞的表面覆盖着充满

抗生素的物质。藻类提供运动，使微型机器人可以四处游动，使抗生素直接作用于肺部的更多细菌，

帮助吸收细菌并清除受感染的细胞。）”以及最后一段“"We，repushingtheboundaryfurtherinthefieldof

targeteddrugdelivery,“saidZhang."（“我们正在进一步推动靶向药物递送领域的边界，“张说。）可知，

微型机器人可以把抗生素直接输送到细菌那里，也就是说微型机器人是通过靶向给药的方式来起作用

的。故选A。

33.推理判断题。根据第四段“"Inthetraditionaltreatment,sometimesonlyaverysmallnumberof

antibioticswillgetintothelungs.Thafswhymanycurrentantibiotictreatmentsforpneumoniadon'twork

aswellasneeded,“saidVictorNizet,aco-workerofJosephandZhang"Basedonthesemousedata,wesee

thatthemicrorobotscouldpotentiallyimprovetheuseofantibioticstokillbacteriaandsavemorepatients5

lives.”（“在传统治疗中，有时只有非常少量的抗生素会进入肺部。这就是为什么目前许多抗生素治疗

肺炎的效果不如预期，''约瑟夫和张的同事维克多・尼泽特说，“基于这些小鼠身上的数据，我们看到

微型机器人有可能改善抗生素的使用，杀死细菌