2023-2024学年四川省安宁河联盟高二下学期4月期中联考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE2四川省安宁河联盟2023-2024学年高二下学期4月期中联考英语试题第I卷(选择题，共95分)第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wherewillthewomango?A.Theoffice.B.Thegym.C.Thegarage.2.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Thewoman’shometown.B.Aspellingmistake.C.Atravelplan.3.WhatdoweknowaboutPeter?A.Heisquiet.B.Hestudiedveryhard.C.Hefailedtogetintocollege.4.HowdoesKenusuallygotowork?A.Bytrain.B.Bybus.C.Bycar.5.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandsecretary.B.Waitressandcustomer.C.Teacherandstudent.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Getajob.B.Bookaroom.C.Interviewthewoman.7.Whenwillthemancometothehotel?A.NextMonday.B.NextWednesday.C.NextFriday.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.Togetadiscount.B.Toaskforhisopinion.C.Totryonadress.9.Whatcolordoesthewomandislike?A.Red.B.Blue.C.Yellow.10.Whatisthewoman’sfinaldecision?A.Takethepurpledress.B.Waitforapromotion.C.Gotootherstores.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Wherearethespeakers?A.Ataschool.B.Atarestaurant.C.Atalanguagecenter.12.Whichcourseisthewomanin?A.Thethirdcourse.B.Thefourthcourse.C.Thefifthcourse.13.Whatisthemandissatisfiedwithabouttheclass?A.Thenumberofstudents.B.Thetime.C.Theteacher.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.WhatactivitydoesMeglikemost?A.Jogging.B.Hiking.C.Running.15.WhydoesMeglikebaking?A.Shelikesdesserts.B.Shefindsitrelaxing.C.Shecansharethefoodwithothers.16.Whatisprobablytheman?A.Asportsman.B.Ateacher.C.Ahost.17.Whatdoesthemanthinkofrunning?A.Challenging.B.Tiring.C.Relaxing.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatwillcontrolthetreehouse’stemperature?A.Theroof.B.Theleaves.C.Thesoil.19.Whatisthemostimportantdesignofalizardhouse?A.Changingcolors.B.Collectingsunlight.C.Producingenergy.20.Whycanthechimneybeausefulairconditioner?A.Itallowscoolairtocomein.B.Itiseasyforhotairtoflowout.C.Itcanprotectthehousefromstrongheat.第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中,选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ASworkitDowanttostayfitincoldwinter?Sworkitisheretohelp.It’sgoodforpeoplenewtofitness,aswellasthosewhodon’thaveenoughtimetodootherexercises.Onceyoudownloadtheapp,you’llbeaskedtodoaquizsoSworkitcanworkoutthebestprogramandfitnessplanforyou.Theappisfreetodownload,butyou’llneedtopayamonthlyfeetoaccessmostworkouts.PeakThisappisallaboutkeepingyourmindsharp.Ithasover45short,interactivegamesandpuzzles.WhenyouopenPeakforthefirsttime,you’llgettosetpersonalgoalsandchoosewhatbrain-relatedaspectsyou’dliketoimproveon.Theappisfreetodownload,butunlessyoubuythepaidversion.CanvaThisgraphic(绘画的)designapp,usedbymorethan150millionpeople,has250,000patternsand1millionpicturesforyoutocreateposters,logos,andmore.Itcanevenmakevideos,andevenwebsites.Allyouneedtogiveisawrittentip,andadesigniscreatedforyouinseconds.Thefreeversionoftheappoffersmorethanenoughfortheaverageperson.BooklyWouldyoulikesomethingtotrackyourreadingprogressinrealtime?HerecomesBookly,youcangetnotonlydetailedstatistics,butalsomanypersonalizedreadingsuggestions.It’smuchmoreconvenientthanmanually(手动地)writingdown.However,whatreallymakesthisappshineisitsanotherdistinctivefunctionwhichenablesuserstoaddtheirowncomments,quotes,orthoughtswhilereading.1.WhichAppisbeneficialtopeople’shealth?A.Peak. B.Sworkit. C.Bookly. D.Canva.2.WhatdoweknowaboutPeak?A.Theappisfreetoupload. B.Theappisaboutsolvingpuzzles.C.Theappwillimproveyourmind. D.Theappcanmakechoicesforyou.3.WhatisspecialaboutBookly?A.Itcanmakevideosandwebsites.B.Itoffersmanypersonalizedfunctions.C.Itprovidesamoreinterestingexperience.D.Itallowsuserstoaddtheirownreadingnotes.〖答案〗1.B2.C3.D【语篇解读】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了四款应用程序的功能和使用方法。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据Sworkit下的“Dowanttostayfitincoldwinter?Sworkitisheretohelp.It’sgoodforpeoplenewtofitness,aswellasthosewhodon’thaveenoughtimetodootherexercises.Onceyoudownloadtheapp,you’llbeaskedtodoaquizsoSworkitcanworkoutthebestprogramandfitnessplanforyou.(想在寒冷的冬天保持健康吗?Sworkit在这里提供帮助。对于刚开始健身的人，以及那些没有足够时间做其他锻炼的人来说，这是很好的。一旦你下载了这款应用，你就会被要求做一个小测验，这样Sworkit就可以为你制定出最好的健身计划)”可知，Sworkit对人们的健康有益。故选B项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Peak下的“Thisappisallaboutkeepingyourmindsharp.Ithasover45short,interactivegamesandpuzzles.WhenyouopenPeakforthefirsttime,you’llgettosetpersonalgoalsandchoosewhatbrain-relatedaspectsyou’dliketoimproveon.(这个应用程序是关于保持你的思维敏捷。它有超过45个简短的互动游戏和谜题。当你第一次打开Peak时，你可以设定个人目标，并选择你想要改进的与大脑相关的方面)”可知，Peak这个应用程序会改善你的思维。故选C项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据Bookly下的“However,whatreallymakesthisappshineisitsanotherdistinctivefunctionwhichenablesuserstoaddtheirowncomments,quotes,orthoughtswhilereading.(然而，真正让这款应用脱颖而出的是它的另一个独特功能，用户可以在阅读时添加自己的评论、引用或想法)”可知，Bookly的特别之处是它允许用户添加自己的阅读笔记。故选D项。BThreegrade11studentsfromHarbourViewHighSchool,Canada,wantedtoconveytheirmessageoffightingclimatechangetoayoungeraudience.So,theywroteachildren’sbooknamedKeepingItCoolaspartofaproject.Uponreceivingtheirfirstorderof12copies,ClaireMalco,theillustratorofthebook,vividlyrecallsthemomentwhentherealizationstruck.“Ijustsattherewithmymouthopenandwaslike,wow,thisisactuallyhappening,”MalcotoldCBCNews.CoauthoredbyJoannaJacksonandOliviaJordan,thebookemploysage-appropriateanalogies(类比),coupledwithvibrantillustrations,topromoteactionskidscantakeagainstclimatechange.Toexplaintheconceptoftheatmosphere,forexample,theyoungauthorsdrewabubble(气泡)aroundEarththroughoutthestory.Theyalsocallforactions,suchasplantingtreesandvegetablegardens–explaininghowplantsabsorbCO2fromthe“bubble”atmospherejustlikeavacuumcleaner(真空吸尘器).Thebookalsotellskidshowtheycanavoidpollutingthebubblebytryingtowalk,bikeorscootinsteadoftakingacarorbus.“Theentiresecondhalfofthebookisjustthingskidscandowithoutneedingtheirparents’support…Wewantedittobesomethingthateverykidcouldfinish,”JordanexplainedtoCBCNews.OnEarthDay,thestudentsvisitedalocalelementaryschoolwheretheyreadtheirstoriesandfacilitateddiscussionsaboutthetextwitheverygrade5class.Theyspreadawarenessthat,regardlessofage,anybodycanhelpmakeapositiveimpactonEarth’sclimate.“Educatingstudentswastheintentionwhenwritingthisbook.Havingtheopportunitytopresentto10differentclasseshelpedusgaininsightonhowtobetterourpresentationandcontent,aswellasseetheimpactthisbookwillhaveonstudents,”thestudentstoldOurCanadaProject.4.WhydidthethreestudentswriteKeepingItCool?A.Tochangeayoungeraudience. B.Toshowtheirtalentforillustrating.C.Todescribeenvironmentalproblems. D.Toinformkidsofhandlingclimatechange.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vibrant”meaninparagraph3?A.Vivid. B.Ordinary. C.Complex. D.Abstract.6.Whatdidthestudentsdotopromotethebookinanelementaryschool?A.Theydiscussedthetextwith5classes. B.Theywrotethebookwiththestudents.C.Theydidapresentationineveryclass. D.Theyinspireddiscussionsaboutthetext.7.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Anewsreport. B.Abookreview. C.Achildren’sbook. D.Adiary.〖答案〗4.D5.A6.D7.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了三位来自加拿大HarbourView高中的11年级学生为了向年轻人传达他们对抗气候变化的信息，他们写了一本名为《KeepingItCool》的儿童书。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Threegrade11studentsfromHarbourViewHighSchool,Canada,wantedtoconveytheirmessageoffightingclimatechangetoayoungeraudience.So,theywroteachildren’sbooknamedKeepingItCoolaspartofaproject.”（三位来自加拿大HarbourView高中的11年级学生想要向年轻人传达他们对抗气候变化的信息，所以他们写了一本名为《KeepingItCool》的儿童书作为一个项目的一部分。）可知，他们写这本书的目的是为了让孩子们了解如何应对气候变化。故选D【5题详析】词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“thebookemploysage-appropriateanalogies(类比),coupledwithvibrantillustrations,topromoteactionskidscantakeagainstclimatechange.”（这本书使用了适合年龄的类比，并配以vibrant的插图，来推广孩子们可以采取的对抗气候变化的行动。）可知，书籍是写给孩子的，所以要配上生动的插图。这里的“vibrant”应该是指插图生动，色彩鲜艳。故选A。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“OnEarthDay,thestudentsvisitedalocalelementaryschoolwheretheyreadtheirstoriesandfacilitateddiscussionsaboutthetextwitheverygrade5class.”（在地球日，学生们访问了当地的一所小学，他们在每个五年级的课堂上阅读他们的故事，并引导关于文本的讨论。）可知，他们在小学推广这本书的方式是在每个五年级的课堂上引导关于文本的讨论。故选D【7题详析】推理判断题。短文要讲述了三位来自加拿大HarbourView高中的11年级学生为了向年轻人传达他们对抗气候变化的信息，他们写了一本名为《KeepingItCool》的儿童书。再根据文章的内容和语言风格，可以判断这是一篇新闻报道。故选ACOnNov11,anAustralianjockey(骑师)gothurtafterhishorse“brokedown”duringahorseraceinHongKong.Thoughthejockeyissafenow,hishorsewasnotsolucky.Sincethehorse’sleginjurywouldhaveledtoitsdeath,vetseuthanized(实施安乐死)itinfrontoftheaudienceonthespot.Fallingoffahorseathighspeedhasabigriskofinjury.Youcansayit’sthejockey’schoicetotakepartinthesport.Butwhataboutthehorses?Thisisnotthefirsttimethatanimalshavebeenharmedbecauseofanimalentertainment-relatedsports.Forexample,about180,000bulls(公牛)arekilledinbullfightsaroundtheworld,withmanymoreinjuredinbullfighteventseveryyear,accordingtoHumanSocietyInternational,anorganizationpromotingthehuman-animalrelationshipglobally.Huntersshootmorethan800lionsinSouthAfrica,reportedWorldAnimalProtection.Tohelptheseanimals,animallovershavestartedmanycampaigns,whichseemtobetakingeffect.InJune,ChurchillDowns,thesiteofthefamousKentuckyDerbyintheUS,stoppedallhorseracing,originallysettorununtilJuly3.Circusesusinganimalshavebeenbannedbymanycountriesaroundtheworldinrecentyearsduetoanimalwelfareworries,accordingtothewebsiteFourPaws.Animalsplayanimportantpartinourlivesandaremorethantoolsforsportsandentertainment.Thehuman-animalbondcanbeseeninallkindsofplaces.Serviceanimalscanhelppeopleintheirjobsandanimalsarealsousedtohelpandcareforpeoplewithillnessesandwhohaveexperiencedabuseormentalillness.“Wecanhaveoursports,drinks,livelyparties,andbeautifulhats‑butwecanleaveanimalsoutofit,”reportedVox.8.Whydidtheauthormentionahorse’sdeathinHongKong?A.Tointroducethetopic. B.Todescribethegame’sdetails.C.Toshowhissympathytothejokey. D.Toillustratehisattitudetotheissue.9.Howareparagraph2andparagraph3developed?A.Bystatinganargument. B.Bygivinganexample.C.Bymakingacomparison. D.Byfollowingtimeorder.10.WhatmessagedoesVoxseemtoconveyinthelastparagraph?A.Weshouldkeepawayfromanimals. B.Wecanentertainbutdonothurtanimals.C.Weshouldoffersomedrinkstoanimals. D.Weshoulddosomeactivitieswithanimals.11.Whatisthebesttittleofthispassage?A.AHorseWasEuthanizedinAGame B.AnimalEntertainmentShouldBeBannedC.DeathofHorsesRaiseConcernaboutAnimalsD.SomeCampaignsWereHeldtoProtectAnimals〖答案〗8.A9.B10.D11.C【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。文章通过一匹马的死亡引出了关于与动物有关的娱乐活动导致人受伤的现象，列举了相关案件以及作者对此的看法。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Sincethehorse’sleginjurywouldhaveledtoitsdeath,vetseuthanized(实施安乐死)itinfrontoftheaudienceonthespot.Fallingoffahorseathighspeedhasabigriskofinjury.Youcansayit’sthejockey’schoicetotakepartinthesport.Butwhataboutthehorses?(由于这匹马的腿部受伤会导致它的死亡，兽医当场在观众面前对它实施了安乐死。从马上高速摔下来有很大的受伤风险。你可以说参加这项运动是骑师的选择。但是马呢？)”可推知，作者提到香港一匹马的死亡是为了引出话题。故选A。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Forexample,about180,000bulls(公牛)arekilledinbullfightsaroundtheworld,withmanymoreinjuredinbullfighteventseveryyear,accordingtoHumanSocietyInternational,anorganizationpromotingthehuman-animalrelationshipglobally.(例如，根据促进全球人与动物关系的组织“国际人类协会”的数据，全球每年约有18万头公牛在斗牛中被杀，还有更多的人在斗牛活动中受伤)”以及第三段“Tohelptheseanimals,animallovershavestartedmanycampaigns,whichseemtobetakingeffect.InJune,ChurchillDowns,thesiteofthefamousKentuckyDerbyintheUS,stoppedallhorseracing,originallysettorununtilJuly3.(为了帮助这些动物，动物爱好者发起了许多活动，这些活动似乎正在起作用。今年6月，美国著名的肯塔基赛马的举办地邱吉尔唐斯停止了所有原定于7月3日举行的赛马活动)”可推知，第2段和第3段通过举例说明展开。故选B。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Wecanhaveoursports,drinks,livelyparties,andbeautifulhats‑butwecanleaveanimalsoutofit,”reportedVox.(“我们可以运动、喝酒、参加热闹的派对、戴漂亮的帽子——但我们不能把动物排除在外，”Vox报道)”可推知，Vox在最后一段似乎传达了我们应该和动物一起做一些活动。故选D。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“OnNov11,anAustralianjockey(骑师)gothurtafterhishorse“brokedown”duringahorseraceinHongKong.Thoughthejockeyissafenow,hishorsewasnotsolucky.Sincethehorse’sleginjurywouldhaveledtoitsdeath,vetseuthanized(实施安乐死)itinfrontoftheaudienceonthespot.Fallingoffahorseathighspeedhasabigriskofinjury.Youcansayit’sthejockey’schoicetotakepartinthesport.Butwhataboutthehorses?(11月11日，一名澳大利亚骑师在香港的一场赛马比赛中受伤，原因是他的马“抛锚”了。虽然骑师现在安全了，但他的马就没那么幸运了。由于这匹马的腿部受伤会导致它的死亡，兽医当场在观众面前对它实施了安乐死。从马上高速摔下来有很大的受伤风险。你可以说参加这项运动是骑师的选择。但是马呢？)”结合文章通过一匹马的死亡引出了关于与动物有关的娱乐活动导致人受伤的现象，列举了相关案件以及作者对此的看法。可知，C选项“马的死亡引起了人们对动物的关注”最符合文章标题。故选C。DSince2001,robotictoolshaverevolutionized(彻底改变)thepracticeofsurgery.Theyhavegreatlyreducedthestressandphysicaldemandsnormallyplacedonsurgeonsandhavemadecertainprocedurespossible.Oneexampleistelesurgery.Telesurgery,orremotesurgery,istheuseoftechnologythatallowsasurgeontoperformaprocedureonapatientwhoisnotinthesamephysicallocation.Normally,telesurgeryreliesonawiredconnectionduetoconcernsofharmingthepatientshouldawirelessconnectiondropduringsurgery,butChinahasmadeseveraladvancementsinwirelesstelesurgerybasedon5Gtechnology.Chinaachievedthefirst5G-basedremoteoperationinMarch2019involvingabrainsurgeryprocedurebetweenasurgeoninSanyaandapatientinBeijing,adistancetotalingnearly3,000kilometers,reportedCGTN.Morerecently,ateamofsurgeonssuccessfullycompletedremotemicron-level(微米级别)eyesurgeryonrabbitslocatedinadifferentcity,reportedChinaDaily.TherabbitswereattheSunYat-senUniversityinGuangzhou,Guangdongprovince,whereasthesurgicalteamwhooperatedonthemviaa5GrobotwereattheHainanEyeHospitalinHaikou,Hainanprovince.“Ifeverythinggoeswell,5Gremotemicronophthalmic(眼科的)surgerywillbeavailabletohumanswithinhalfayear,”saidProfessorLinHaotian,whoseteamledthistrial.Lookingtothefuture,peoplehopethatremotesurgerycouldberegularlyusedtohelpinjuredsoldiersonthebattlefieldwhilekeepingsurgeonsatasafedistance.Someevenbelievethatroboticsystems,combinedwithAI,couldonedaysurpasshumansurgeons.Smartmedicalcarehasmadebreakthroughsduringthepastyearsathomeandabroad.Thebooming(飞速发展的)onlinemedicalservicemeetstheneedsofthepeopleandhelpsimprovethemedicaltreatmentprocess.12.Whatcanwelearnabouttelesurgery?A.Itiswidelyusedineyesurgery.B.Itisharmfultopatientsduringsurgery.C.Itachievedthe5G-basedwirelessremotesurgery.D.Itreducedsurgeons’stressandphysicaldemands.13.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningexamplesinparagraph3?A.Toemphasizetheimportanceoftelesurgery.B.Toshowtheadvancementsinremotesurgery.C.Toanalysethecomplexityofroboticsurgery.D.Toexplainthedevelopmentof5Gtechnology.14.Whatcanweinferaboutmedicalrobotsfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Theyreplacesurgeonssuccessfully.B.Theirservicehassatisfiedpeople’sneeds.C.Theirsystemshavebeenwidelypromoted.D.Theirdevelopmentstillhasalongwaytogo.15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Theadvantagesoftelesurgery. B.Theprogressinmedicalrobotics.C.Innovationsmadeinremotesurgery. D.Thedevelopmentof5Gtechnology.〖答案〗12.C13.B14.D15.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述的是医疗机器人技术的进步。机器人工具在手术实践中引发了巨大的变革。它们大大减轻了外科医生通常承受的压力和体力要求，并使某些手术成为可能。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Normally,telesurgeryreliesonawiredconnectionduetoconcernsofharmingthepatientshouldawirelessconnectiondropduringsurgery,butChinahasmadeseveraladvancementsinwirelesstelesurgerybasedon5Gtechnology.(通常情况下，远程手术依赖于有线连接，因为担心在手术过程中无线连接中断会对患者造成伤害，但中国在基于5G技术的无线远程手术方面取得了一些进展)”和第三段中“Chinaachievedthefirst5G-basedremoteoperationinMarch2019involvingabrainsurgeryprocedurebetweenasurgeoninSanyaandapatientinBeijing,adistancetotalingnearly3,000kilometers,reportedCGTN.(据中国国际电视台报道，2019年3月，中国实现了第一次基于5G的远程手术，在三亚的一名外科医生和北京的一名患者之间进行了脑部手术，距离总计近3000公里)”可知，中国已经完成了5G无线远程手术。故选C项。【13题详析】推理判断题。第二段中“Chinahasmadeseveraladvancementsinwirelesstelesurgerybasedon5Gtechnology.(中国在基于5G技术的无线远程手术方面取得了多项进展)”提出中国在基于5G技术的无线远程手术方面取得了多项进展，接着第三段“Chinaachievedthefirst5G-basedremoteoperationinMarch2019involvingabrainsurgeryprocedurebetweenasurgeoninSanyaandapatientinBeijing,adistancetotalingnearly3,000kilometers,reportedCGTN.Morerecently,ateamofsurgeonssuccessfullycompletedremotemicron-level(微米级别)eyesurgeryonrabbitslocatedinadifferentcity,reportedChinaDaily.TherabbitswereattheSunYat-senUniversityinGuangzhou,Guangdongprovince,whereasthesurgicalteamwhooperatedonthemviaa5GrobotwereattheHainanEyeHospitalinHaikou,Hainanprovince.“Ifeverythinggoeswell,5Gremotemicronophthalmic(眼科的)surgerywillbeavailabletohumanswithinhalfayear,”saidProfessorLinHaotian,whoseteamledthistrial.(据中国国际电视台报道，2019年3月，中国实现了第一次基于5G的远程手术，在三亚的一名外科医生和北京的一名患者之间进行了脑部手术，距离总计近3000公里。据《中国日报》报道，最近，一组外科医生成功地在另一个城市的兔子身上完成了远程微米级眼科手术。这些兔子来自广东省广州中山大学，而通过5G机器人对它们进行手术的手术团队来自海南省海口市海南眼科医院。“如果一切顺利，5G远程微米眼科手术将在半年内提供给人类，”林浩天教授说，他的团队领导了这项试验)”中列举了中国在2019年3月进行的脑部5G远程手术和最近在兔子身上完成的远程微米级眼科手术。由此推知，作者在第三段提到两个例子的目的是证明5G远程手术取得的进步。故选B项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Lookingtothefuture(展望未来)”和“Someevenbelievethatroboticsystems,combinedwithAI,couldonedaysurpasshumansurgeons.(一些人甚至认为，机器人系统与人工智能相结合，有一天可能会超越人类外科医生)”可推知，医疗机器人尚处于发展阶段，还有还有很长的路要走。故选D项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Since2001,robotictoolshavecausedgreatchangesinthepracticeofsurgery.Theyhavegreatlyreducedthestressandphysicaldemandsnormallyplacedonsurgeonsandhavemadecertainprocedurespossible.(自2001年以来，机器人工具在手术实践中引起了巨大的变化。它们大大减轻了外科医生通常承受的压力和体力要求，并使某些手术成为可能)”以及通读全文可知，文章主要讲述的是医疗机器人技术的进步。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thescienceofsettinggoals.It’sthetimeofyearwhenwethinktoourselves:ourNewYear’sresolutionswilltotallyworkoutthistime.___16___.Butwhatifthisyearreallycouldbedifferent?KellyMcGonigal,apsychologist,sharesfourtips.Chooseagoalthatmatters,notjustaneasywin.Ourbrainsloverewards,soweoftensetsimplegoalsthatmakeiteasytocheckoffboxes.Butifthat’sallareabout,nowonderweendupabandoningthemsoquickly.Ameaningfulgoalrequiresgoingdeeper.___17___.Forexample,ifyouwanttoquiteatingjunkfood,askwhyyouwanttoquitit.Then,ifyouwanttoquititforyourhealth,askwhyyouwantgoodhealth.___18___.Whenwesetgoals,it’seasytofocusonthatmagicalending.Butwecan’tcontroloutcomes.Wehavetoinchtowardthem,onechoiceatatime.Askyourself,“WhatisthesmallestthingIcandotodaythathelpsmereachmygoal?”Ifyoumakedailychoicesthatareconsistentwithyourgoaloverandoveragain,youwilleventuallyreachit.Frameyourgoalspositively.Focusingonwhatyouwanttobringintoyourlife–notwhatyouwanttoavoid—willmakeyoumorelikelytoactuallypursueit.“Anysortofavoidanceisgoingtotriggerinhibitionsystems.___19___,”saysMcGonigal.Prepareforfailure.Momentsoffailureareinevitable,butmostofusabandonthegoalentirelywhenminorfailuresandsetbacksstartpilingup.Yourtaskisnottoavoidfailures,buttoplanforthem.Askyourself,“HowamIlikelytofail?”Forexample,ifyou’relikelytochooseunhealthymealswhenyou’rehungry,carryalightsnackthatcantideyouover.___20___.A.Focusontheprocess,nottheoutcomeB.PsychologistscallthisanemergencyplanC.ItreallydriveshomewhythatgoalmattersD.NevermindthatweabandonedthemveryquicklyE.HowyoudescribeyourgoalmakesabigdifferenceF.Thinkaboutwhatyouwant,andthenaskyourselfwhyG.Butpositivegoalsaregoingtotriggerapproachandrewardmotivation〖答案〗16.D17.F18.A19.G20.B【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何有效地制定新年目标。【16题详析】根据空前“It’sthetimeofyearwhenwethinktoourselves:ourNewYear’sresolutionswilltotallyworkoutthistime.(这是一年中我们思考的时候：我们的新年决心在这个时候完全实现。)”可知，空前提到我们的新年决心在这个时候完全实现，故D项“不要介意我们如此快地抛弃它们”符合，新年决心在这个时候完全实现，故不用介意可以马上抛弃它们了，D项中的them指代的就是上文中的NewYear’sresolutions，故选D项。【17题详析】根据空后“Forexample,ifyouwanttoquiteatingjunkfood,askwhyyouwanttoquitit.Then,ifyouwanttoquititforyourhealth,askwhyyouwantgoodhealth.(比如说，如果你想要戒掉垃圾食品，问问你自己为什么想要戒掉它。然后，如果你是为了健康戒掉它，问问你自己你为什么想要健康。)”可知，空后举出了实例，在制定目标前需要询问自己具体的原因，故此处F项“思考自己想要什么，并问你自己为什么”符合，本空提出要询问自己为什么，空后给出具体的例子，故选F项。【18题详析】根据空后“Whenwesetgoals,it’seasytofocusonthatmagicalending.Butwecan’tcontroloutcomes.(当我们制定目标，很容易把专注力放在神奇的结局上。但是我们不能控制结果。)”可知，空后提出我们制定目标而不能控制结果，故A项“注重过程，而非结果”符合，制定目标时，不要太专注结果，故选A项。【19题详析】根据空前“Focusingonwhatyouwanttobringintoyourlife–notwhatyouwanttoavoid–willmakeyoumorelikelytoactuallypursueit.“Anysortofavoidanceisgoingtotriggerinhibitionsystems.(专注于你想把什么带到你的生活中，而不是你想要避免什么会让你更有可能真正追求它。任何形式的回避都会触发控制系统。)”可知，空前提到在制定目标时，不能回避，而需要真正的追求。且空前一句提到了任何形式的回避都会触发控制系统，故此处G项“但是积极的目标会触发方法和奖励的动力”符合，回避会触发控制系统，然而积极的目标则会触发方法和奖励动力，积极的目标能给你带来方法和奖励，故选G项。【20题详析】根据空前“Forexample,ifyou’relikelytochooseunhealthymealswhenyou’rehungry,carryalightsnackthatcantideyouover.(比如说，如果你在饿的时候可能会选择不健康的食物，那就带上一份能让你度过难关的清淡零食。)”可知，B项“心理学家称之为应急计划”是前文的顺承，在饿了可能会选择不健康的食物时，就带上一份清淡零食来应急，故心理学家称之为应急计划，B项中的this指代空前的这一操作，故选B项。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AsIwalkintothebigroomatschool,I’mwearingmywhitecoatthatdoctorsusuallywear.ButIalsohaveonsomefunny___21___andamessywigthatmakesmelooklikeacrazyscientist.Mynametagsays“ProfessorQuantumQuirks,”whichmakespeoplelaugh.Insidetheroom,therearealotof___22___gettingreadyforasciencefair.Theylookexcitedbutalsoalittle___23___.Inoticeoneboysittingbyhimself,looking___24___becausehisscienceprojectisn’tworkingright.Igoovertohimand___25___he’shavingahardtimewithit.Ifeelbadforhim.So,Idecideto___26___himbydoingafunexperimenttogether.We___27___aminivolcanousingsimplethingswecanfindathome.Hestartsto___28___himselfandgetsexcitedwhenthevolcanoeruptswithbubblystuff.Otherkidsseeushavingfunandcomeoverto___29___.Wedomorecoolexperimentswiththemandeveryoneis___30___andhavingagoodtime.Bytheendofthesciencefair,I___31___mywigandglasses,butI’mstill___32___becauseitwassomuchfun.Ihopethekidskeepbeing___33___aboutscienceanddiscoveringnew___34___.Afterall,askingquestionsandexploringishowwelearnandhavefunintheworldof___35___.21.A.gloves B.glasses C.socks D.shoes22.A.kids B.professors C.workers D.doctors23.A.disappointed B.angry C.nervous D.confused24.A.delighted B.upset C.excited D.calm25.A.argue B.hope C.imagine D.find26.A.help B.refuse C.abandon D.hug27.A.draw B.destroy C.make D.observe28.A.behave B.seat C.excuse D.enjoy29.A.join B.listen C.think D.wait30.A.competing B.laughing C.discussing D.changing31.A.puton B.catchsightofC.takeoff D.takepridein32.A.debating B.wandering C.explaining D.smiling33.A.curious B.sure C.anxious D.particular34.A.experiments B.things C.comments D.fairs35.A.music B.fashion C.literature D.science〖答案〗21.B22.A23.C24.B25.D26.A27.C28.D29.A30.B31.C32.D33.A34.B35.D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和孩子们一起进行科学实验，大家都玩的很高兴，作者希望孩子们对科学保持好奇心，发现新事物。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我也戴着一副滑稽的眼镜和一顶凌乱的假发，让我看起来像个疯狂的科学家。A.gloves手套；B.glasses眼镜；C.socks袜子；D.shoes鞋子。根据后文“mywigandglasses”可知，作者戴眼镜。故选B。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在房间里，有很多孩子正在为科学展览做准备。A.kids孩子；B.professors专家；C.workers工人；D.doctors医生。根据后文“Inoticeoneboy”提到看到男孩，说明是孩子在为科学展览做准备。后文“Otherkids”也是〖提示〗。故选A。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们看起来很兴奋，但也有点紧张。A.disappointed失望的；B.angry生气的；C.nervous紧张的；D.confused困惑的。根据上文“Theylookexcitedbutalsoalittle”以及“gettingreadyforasciencefair”可知，but表示转折，说明孩子们为科学展览兴奋，但也有点紧张。故选C。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我注意到一个男孩独自坐着，看起来很沮丧，因为他的科学项目没有顺利进行。A.delighted高兴的；B.upset沮丧的；C.excited激动的；D.calm平静的。根据后文“becausehisscienceprojectisn’tworkingright”可知，男孩因为项目不顺利很沮丧。故选B。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我走到他身边，发现他正在艰难地处理这件事。A.argue争论；B.hope希望；C.imagine想象；D.find找到，发现。根据后文“he’shavingahardtimewithit”指作者发现男孩在艰难地处理项目上的问题。故选D。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，我决定一起做一个有趣的实验来帮助他。A.help帮助；B.refuse拒绝；C.abandon抛弃；D.hug拥抱。根据后文“himbydoingafunexperimenttogether”指作者决定帮助男孩。故选A。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们用在家里能找到的简单的东西做了一个迷你火山。A.draw绘画；B.destroy破坏；C.make制作；D.observe观察。根据后文“aminivolcanousingsimplethingswecanfindathome”可知，他们一起制作了一个迷你火山。故选C。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他开始玩得很开心，当火山喷出气泡的时候，他变得很兴奋。A.behave行为；B.seat就坐；C.excuse原谅；D.enjoy欣赏。根据后文“getsexcitedwhenthevolcanoeruptswithbubblystuff”指男孩玩得高兴，应用enjoyoneself。故选D。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：其他的孩子看到我们玩得开心，就过来和我们一起玩。A.join加入；B.listen听；C.think认为；D.wait等待。根据后文“Wedomorecoolexperimentswit