高考英语大一轮复习 第1部分 基础知识考点 Unit 1 Great scientists考点突破练 新人教版必修5-新人教版高三必修5英语试题

Unit1GreatscientistsⅠ.单句语法填空1．Theachievementofaparticulargoalmakesyoufeelgoodandcontributes________yourconfidence.2．Thecounty，________(locate)inthenorthofZhejiang，hasahistoryofmorethan1，000years.3．Apart________anoccasionalnoisefromtheelephant'sstomach，theforestwassilent.(2014·重庆，阅读D)4．Hehadcollected________(observe)ofthestarsandusedallhismathematicalknowledgetoexplainthem.5．Manybadhabitscanbeespeciallydifficult________(cure)becausetheyarelikelytoformataveryyoungage.(2015·湖北，完成句子)6．JoinintheholidayfunatthePowerhousethismonth________(link)toournewexhibition.(2014·江西，阅读B)7．See，yourcomputerhasbrokendownagain!________doesn'tmakesensetobuythecheapestbrandofcomputerjusttosaveafewdollars.(2015·天津，14)8．Onlywhenhearrived________themeetingbegin.9．Thesesoldierswereputinprisonbecausetheyrejected________(obey)orders.(2014·四川)10．Inspiteofhisoldagemygrandfatherstillhasgreatenthusiasm________socialactivities.(2012·湖南)答案1.to2.located3.from4.observations5.tocure6.linked7.It8.did9.obeying10.forⅡ.单句改错(每句仅1处错误)1．Allthepeoplepresentacceptedthesuggestionwasputforwardbythechairman.2．Blamedtothebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork，Alicewasinlowspirits.3．EverytimeIwillmeetwithdifficultiesinstudy，Isolveitbymyself.4．Itisobviousthatlungcancerwaslinkedtoheavysmoking.5．Itdoesn'tmakesensetocomplainafterdefeated.Youshouldcheerupandpractisehardinstead.6．Thetreesbeingblowndowninthestormhavebeenmovedofftheroad.答案1.去掉was或was前加that/which2.to→for3．去掉will4.was→is5.after后加being6.去掉beingⅢ.单元考点作文串记(一)根据提示翻译句子1．Simon的英语老师对Simon要求很严格。(bestrictwith)___________________________________________________________________2．他经常提出问题让Simon回答。(putforward)___________________________________________________________________3．除此之外，他还建议Simon要从课文得出结论。(apartfrom)___________________________________________________________________4．Simon在阅读中吸收了很多的知识。(absorb)___________________________________________________________________5．Simon让他人检查他的作文，并学习优秀作文。(havesthdone，check)___________________________________________________________________6．每次Simon想放弃的时候，他总是鼓励他不要放弃。(everytime...)___________________________________________________________________7．只有永不放弃，他才能获得成功。(onlyif...)___________________________________________________________________(二)加入适当过渡词，连句成篇答案(一)1.Simon'sEnglishteacherisverystrictwithhim.2．HeoftenputsforwardquestionsforSimontoanswer.3．Apartfromthis，hesuggestsSimondrawconclusionsfromtexts.4．Simonabsorbsgreatknowledgefromreading.5．Simonhashiscompositionscheckedandlearnsfromthegoodarticles.6．EverytimeSimonwantstogiveup，healwaysencourageshimnotto.7．Onlyifhenevergivesupcanhesucceed.(二)【参考范文】Simon'sEnglishteacherisverystrictwithhimandheoftenputsforwardquestionsforSimontoanswer.Apartfromthis，hesuggestsSimondrawconclusionsfromtextsandinthisway，Simonabsorbsgreatknowledgefromreading.Inaddition，Simonhashiscompositionscheckedandlearnsfromthegoodarticles.EverytimeSimonwantstogiveup，healwaysencourageshimnotto，becauseonlyifhenevergivesupcanhesucceed.Withthehelpoftheteacher，Simonhasmaderapidprogress.Ⅳ.阅读理解Imagineyouareinanalbino(患白化病的)worldwherereadingsimplethingsischallenging.Then，you'retoldbyyourteacher，“Youwon'tmakeit.”Thisiswhatlifehasbeenlikefora28-year-oldman.AlthoughChrisJoneshadtodealwithdifficulties，hebecameasuccessfulbusinessman，startedafoundation(基金会)，wroteabookandnowisworkingonhisPhD.“IwanttowriteabookbecauseI'vemetsomanypeoplewhohavestruggledwithdisabilities，whetherit'savisiondisabilityorlearningdisability.AndIwanttoshowtheycansucceed，iftheykeeppushingforwardandpersevering(坚持不懈)toachievetheirgoals，”ChrisJonessaid.ChrisJones'bookInsightofPerseverancewaspublishedlastyear.“WhenIwrotethebook，IstartedpartofthebookwhenIwasattendingcollegebecausethereweresomanyobstacles(障碍)Ihadtoovercome，”hesaid.GrowingupinTexas，Chriswasalwaysgoodatfixingcomputers.“In1997，I，reallyyoung，startedfixingcomputersformyneighborsandmyfamilyanditkindofgrewfromthere，”hesaid.“Ipresentlydoallkindsofconsulting.Idoprogramming.Idonetworking.”“Itisclearthatanalbinoisalwayshavingvisionproblems.Therearefewoperationsthatcanhelppeoplewhoarealbinosandhaveavisiondisability.Soit'sbettertoadapttoyoursituation，”saidChris.ApartfromworkingonhisPhD，Chrisstartedafoundation.“WhenI'm35，hopefully，Icandealwiththeworld'sproblems.”TolearnmoreaboutChrisJonesandinformationabouthisbook，goto.【语篇解读】本文是记叙文，题材为个人故事类。28岁的ChrisJones身患白化病，但他却克服困难，坚持不懈，创立了基金会，写了一本书，目前正在攻读博士学位。1．Theauthorwritesthetextmainlyto________．A．callonpeopletohelpthedisabledB．tellreadersChrisJones'successstoryC．argueforequalityamongthedisabledD．introduceabookwrittenbyChrisJones答案B[态度意图题。通读全文可知，本文的写作目的是讲述ChrisJones的成功故事。]2．FromthetextwecanlearnthatInsightofPerseverance________．A．enjoysgreatpopularityamongreadersB．hasbecomeabest-sellerallovertheworldC．givesadviceonhowtodealwithvisiondisabilitiesD．showspeoplecansucceedbykeepingpersevering答案D[细节理解题。根据文章第二段AndIwanttoshowtheycansucceed，iftheykeeppushingforwardandperseveringtoachievetheirgoals和第三段．..thereweresomanyobstaclesIhadtoovercome可知，ChrisJones的书InsightofPerseverance是要告诉人们坚持不懈就能成功。]3．ItcanbeconcludedthatChrisJones________．A．musthavegonethroughmanydifficultiesB．gotencouragementfromhisteachersC．oncebelievedthatlifewashopelessD．didn'tknowmuchaboutbusiness答案A[细节理解题。根据文章第一段wherereadingsimplethingsischallenging和第二段AlthoughChrisJoneshadtodealwithdifficulties可知，ChrisJones经历了很多困难。]4．Theunderlinedword“it”inParagraph4refersto________．A．hisvisiondisability B．hisdegreeC．hiscomputerskill D．hiswritingskill答案C[代词指代题。根据画线单词语境GrowingupinTexas，Chriswasalwaysgoodatfixingcomputers.“In1997，I，reallyyoung，startedfixingcomputersformyneighborsandmyfamily”可知，it指代ChrisJones在电脑方面的技能。]Ⅴ.完形填空Rememberwhenphoneswereonlyusedasphones?Smartphoneshavebecomeso__1__inourlivesthatit's__2__torememberatimebeforewehadthebreadthoftheInternetinourpockets.ButLightPhone，whichisdesignedtobeusedas__3__aspossible，wantstogoagainstthe__4__．LightPhonecofoundersKaiwaiTangandJoeHolliermetatGoogle，andquicklydecidedtheywantedto__5__somethingtohelppeople__6__．“Wewerewonderinghowwecouldmakeaproductthatactuallydoesthe__7__ofsmartphones，and__8__peopletoliveinthemoment，”Holliersaid.“That'showwestartedthinkingthatpeoplecould__9__theirphoneathome，butwhat'stheminimumamountofconnectedness？”The__10__devicedoesn'thaveascreenatall.It__11__hasanumberpad(数字键盘)andtheabilitytoreceiveforwardedcallsfromyourphone，whichyouleaveathomeinordertogiveyourselfabreakto__12__theworldaroundyou.“We'renotsayingpeople__13__usesmartphonesatall，”saysTang.“We'rejustsayingthatforcertain__14__—likewhentakingyourkidtotheparkorhavingdinnerwithyourwife—wedon'treally__15__notifications(通知)fromFacebookoranythingelse.”Youcouldleaveallmeansofcommunicationathome，buttheLightPhoneallowspeopletotakeabreakwithoutthe__16__thatcomesfromwonderingifsomeone'stryingto__17__themurgently，orwhatthey'lldoinanemergency.Plus，__18__thechancetostopandsmelltherosesisn'tattractiveenough，“youhaveallofyour__19__andnotificationstocomebackto.It'slikea__20__，”Holliersays.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了一款只能接电话的手机。1．A.common B．importantC．helpful D．cheap答案A2．A.funnyB．strange C．possible D．hard答案D[智能手机在我们的生活中已经变得如此“普遍(common)”以至于很“难(hard)”想起以前网络覆盖范围很小时的生活。]3．A.muchB．little C．slowly D．quickly答案B[由第三段中的peopletoliveinthemoment及theminimumamountofconnectedness可推断，LightPhone的设计宗旨是使它被使用得尽可能“少(little)”。]4．A.lawB．trend C．value D．wish答案B[智能手机能给人提供各种信息和便利，使用率很高；而LightPhone则是为了使人们少用手机。故这款手机的设计理念是与主流“趋势(trend)”相反的。]5．A.buyB．borrow C．create D．receive答案C[由下文的makeaproduct可推断，两位创办人见面后很快决定要“创造(create)”一种产品。]6．A.disconnect B．developC．decide D．disappear答案A[由下文的peopletoliveinthemoment可推断，两位创办人想创造一种帮助人们与外界“断开联系(disconnect)”的产品，从而使人们不受太多外界的干扰，活在当下。]7．A.same B．generalC．opposite D．similar答案C[由第一段末的goagainstthe...可推断，这款新研发的产品的功能与智能手机的功能“相反(opposite)”。]8．A.allows B．advisesC．expects D．promises答案A[由上文可知，新型产品“可以使(allows)”人们活在当下。]9．A.cleanB．repair C．useD．leave答案D[由第四段中的receiveforwardedcallsfromyourphone，whichyouleaveathome可知，创办者们开始考虑人们可以把手机“留(leave)”在家里。]10．A.expensive B．smallC．complex D．smart答案B[由下文的doesn'thaveascreenatall可推断，这款没有屏幕的装置应该很“小(small)”。]11．A.evenB．just C．never D．also答案B[这款装置“只(just)”有一个数字键盘。]12．A.changeB．face C．enjoy D．shock答案C[把手机留在家里可以使人们获得片刻休息，从而尽情“享受(enjoy)”周围的世界。]13．A.won't B．mayC．shouldn't D．must答案C[由上段的yourphone，whichyouleaveathomeinorderto...及下文的forcertain...wedon'treally...可推断，创办者们不是说人们“不应该(shouldn't)”使用智能手机。]14．A.images B．purposesC．studies D．moments答案D[由下文的likewhentakingyourkidtotheparkorhavingdinnerwithyourwife可推断，此处是说某些“时刻(moments)”。]15．A.needB．have C．getD．share答案A[上文提到人们在某些时刻可以把手机留在家里，也就是说人们有时实际上并不“需要(need)”来自脸谱网等的通知。]16．A.painB．sorrow C．angerD．anxiety答案D[由下文的wonderingifsomeone'stryingto...inanemergency可推断，LightPhone使人们在休息的同时不用“担心(anxiety)”别人会不会有急事与自己联系。]17．A.touchB．help C．hurtD．reach答案D[由第四段中的theabilitytoreceiveforwardedcallsfromyourphone可推断，LightPhone可以使使用者转接到打给智能手机的电话，因而使用者不必担心有人需要紧急“联系(reach)”他们。]18．A.thoughB．unless C．ifD．as答案C[“如果(if)”享受生活的机会还不够吸引人的话，使用者随后还可以看到智能手机上所有的通知等。]19．A.booksB．emails C．lettersD．movies答案B[由下文的andnotifications可推断，此处是指来自智能手机的不太紧急或重要的信息。故选emails。]20．A.secretB．treat C．trick D．result答案B[由上文的isn'tattractiveenough可推断，使用者随后能够看到来自智能手机的电子邮件和通知，这就像是给使用者的“款待(treat)”。]Ⅵ.语法填空Carl：Whydoesn'tyourcatwanttoeatfish?Jane：Idon'tknowwhyhestops__1__(eat)fish.Infact，he'slosthisappetit