押上海卷第六大题 完形填空题（解析版）-备战2024年中考英语临考题号押题

押上海卷第六大题完形填空题完形填空不仅考查学生对所学词汇、语法等基础知识的综合运用能力，而且考查学生的阅读能力；不仅考查学生的知识背景，而且考查学生的逻辑推理和篇章结构理解等综合能力。它的命题原则是“以实词为主，虚词为辅，突出词汇语境化”。由于学生缺乏对完形填空题型的正确了解以及平时的训练方法不当，导致做题时得分率低。本专题目的在于归纳一些高频考题及梳理一些解题技巧。以帮助同学们高效复习。一：近年中考真题完形填空题型呈现以下特点:文体:说明文(6年3考)、议论文、记叙文为辅;话题:青少年成长(6年3考)、科技发明(2021)、社会现象(2018)、教育引导(2016);词数和段落:词数:250~330个，生词0~2个;段落:以4~6段居多;微技能:语境推断(6年23考)、词汇复现(6年8考)、生活/文化常识(6年3考)、逻辑推理(2021.68,2020.80)二：近年中考真题完形填空题型考点分布情况如下:考查点合计202320222021动词5212名词4211形容词、副词4112动词短语211/介词短语1/1一、完形填空题(2022年真题)Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage（选择最恰当的选项完成短文）（12分）StarWomanWangZhenyi(王贞仪)(1768—1797)HaveyoueverheardofWangZhenyi?Perhapsmostofusdidn’tknowthisgreatnameuntilshewasintroducedinaCCTVprogramme.WangZhenyiwasagreatChinese____61____.ShewasbornintheQingDynasty.Atthattime,girlshadnochancetogetaformaleducation.However,herfatherandgrandfatherwereopen-minded.Theythoughtgirlsshouldshareequalopportunitieswithboys.They____62____hertoreadthebooksintheirhomelibrary.WangZhenyieducatedherselfandreadalotaboutastronomy(thestudyofthestars,planets,etc.),maths,geographyaswellasmedicine.Later,shedecidedto____63____astronomy.Inhertime,manypeopleexpectedthestarstotellwhatwasgoingtohappen.Theythoughtcertaineventsinthesky,suchaslunareclipses(月食)happenedwhengodswereangry.ButWangZhenyithoughtdifferently.Shebelievedinfactsandobservation.Inordertoexplainthose“strange”events,shedidsome____64____.Inone,sheusedaroundtableastheEarth,alampastheSunandamirrorastheMoon.Shemovedthemaroundtoshowwhat____65____happensduringalunareclipse:whentheEarthispassingdirectlybetweentheSunandtheMoon,thesunlightcannotreachtheMoonandtheMoon“disappears”.Throughouthershortlife,WangZhenyiwrotemanyarticlesaboutherresearch.Inherarticles,sheexplaineddifficultideasinclearand____66____wayssothatpeoplecouldunderstandsciencemoreeasily.Shehelpedmakescienceavailabletomorepeople.61.A.doctor B.scientist C.lawyer D.teacher62.A.invited B.selected C.followed D.encouraged63.A.relyon B.showoff C.focuson D.talkabout64.A.exercises B.drawings C.reviews D.experiments65.A.actually B.suddenly C.nearly D.recently66.A.simple B.polite C.funny D.traditional【答案】61.B62.D63.C64.D65.A66.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了清朝著名女科学家——王贞仪。【61题详解】句意：王贞仪是一位伟大的中国科学家。doctor医生；scientist科学家；lawyer律师；teacher老师。根据文章最后“Shehelpedmakescienceavailabletomorepeople.”可知，王贞仪是一位科学家。故选B。【62题详解】句意：他们鼓励她阅读家里图书馆里的书。invited邀请；selected选择；followed跟随；encouraged鼓励。根据上文“However,herfatherandgrandfatherwereopen-minded.Theythoughtgirlsshouldshareequalopportunitieswithboys.”可知，王贞仪的父亲和祖父思想开放，鼓励王贞仪阅读书籍；encouragesb.todosth.“鼓励某人做某事”。故选D。【63题详解】句意：后来，她决定专攻天文学。relyon依赖；showoff炫耀；focuson集中于，专注于；talkabout谈论。根据上文“WangZhenyieducatedherselfandreadalotaboutastronomy(thestudyofthestars,planets,etc.),maths,geographyaswellasmedicine.”可知，起初，王贞仪自学天文学、数学、地理和医学，后来她决定专注于天文学这一门学科。故选C。【64题详解】句意：为了解释那些“奇怪”的事件，她做了一些实验。exercises练习；drawings图纸；reviews评论；experiments实验。根据下文“sheusedaroundtableastheEarth,alampastheSunandamirrorastheMoon”可知，把一张圆桌作为地球，一盏灯作为太阳，一面镜子作为月亮，这是王贞仪为解释自然现象所做的实验。故选D。【65题详解】句意：她将它们四处移动，以展示月食期间实际发生的情况：当地球直接穿过太阳和月球之间时，阳光无法到达月球，月球“消失”。actually实际上；suddenly突然；nearly几乎；recently最近。根据下文“whentheEarthispassingdirectlybetweentheSunandtheMoon…”可知，王贞仪在实验中验证月食期间实际发生的情况。故选A。【66题详解】句意：在她的文章中，她用清晰、简单的方式解释难懂的观点，让人们更容易理解科学。simple简单的；polite礼貌的；funny有趣的；traditional传统的。根据下文“sothatpeoplecouldunderstandsciencemoreeasily”可知，王贞仪以一种简单明了的方式让人们更容易理解科学。故选A。二、完形填空题(2021年真题)Whatdoyouneedforaninventiontobeasuccess?Tobeginwith,goodtimingisvery45.Youcanhaveagoodideawhichthepublicdoesn’twantyet.TakeGiovanniCaselliasanexample.Heinventedthefirstfaxmachineinthe1860s.Thoughthequalitywasexcellent,hisinventionquickly46.Thefaxmachinedidnotbecomeanecessarypieceofequipmentineveryofficeuntilthe1980s.Moneyalsohelps.TheFrenchmanDenisPapinhadtheideaforasteamenginealmostahundredyearsbeforeJamesWattwasborn.Denisneverhadenoughmoneyto47one.Youalsoneedtobepatient.Ittookscientistsnearlyeightyyearstoinventalightbulb.48,youshouldn’tbetooslow.Inthe1870s,ElishaGraydevelopedplansforatelephone.Graysawitonlyas“abeautifultoy”.WhenhefinallysentdetailsofhisinventiontothePatentOffice(专利局)onFebruary14th,1876,itwastoo49.Almostthesamedesignshadarrivedjusttwohoursearlier.TheyoungmanwhosentthemwasAlexanderGrahamBell.Heisrememberedastheinventorofthetelephone.Ofcoursewhatyoureallyneedisawonderfulidea.Ifyouhaven’tgotone,awalkinthecountrysideandacarefullookat50canhelp.TheSwissscientist,GeorgedeMestral,hadtheideaforVelcro(粘扣)whenhefoundhisclothescoveredinstickyseedpodsafterawalkinthecountryside.45．A．interesting B．important C．personal D．satisfying46．A．died B．improved C．spread D．appeared47．A．deliver B．repair C．use D．build48．A．However B．Instead C．Sofar D．Atlast49．A．modern B．difficult C．late D．old50．A．society B．nature C．pictures D．advertisements【答案】45.B46．A47．D48．A49．C50．B【分析】文章介绍了一项发明成功需要的几个条件。45．句意：首先，好的时机非常重要。interesting有趣的；important重要的；personal个人的；satisfying满足的；根据“Thoughthequalitywasexcellent,hisinventionquickly...Thefaxmachinedidnotbecomeanecessarypieceofequipmentineveryofficeuntilthe1980s.”可知，发明的时机是很重要的，故选B。46．句意：虽然质量很好，但他的发明很快就销声匿迹了。died死的；improved提高；spread传播；appeared出现；根据“Thefaxmachinedidnotbecomeanecessarypieceofequipmentineveryofficeuntilthe1980s.”可知，传真机的发明销声匿迹了，故选A。47．句意：丹尼斯从来没有足够的钱建造一个。deliver递送；repair修理；use使用；build修建；根据“Denisneverhadenoughmoney”及句意可知，是没有钱建造蒸汽机，故选D。48．句意：然而，你不应该太慢。However然而；Instead代替；Sofar到目前为止；Atlast最后；根据“Ittookscientistsnearlyeightyyearstoinventalightbulb.”以及“Inthe1870s...TheyoungmanwhosentthemwasAlexanderGrahamBell.”可知，此处是转折关系，应用however连接，故选A。49．句意：当他最终于1876年2月14日将自己发明的细节提交给专利局时，为时已晚。modern现代的；difficult困难的；late晚的；old老的；根据“Almostthesamedesignshadarrivedjusttwohoursearlier.”可知，此处说的是提交的专利已经晚了，故选C。50．句意：如果你还没有，在乡间散步和仔细观察大自然会有所帮助。society社会；nature自然；pictures图片；advertisements广告；根据“TheSwissscientist,GeorgedeMestral,hadtheideaforVelcro(粘扣)whenhefoundhisclothescoveredinstickyseedpodsafterawalkinthecountryside.”可知，此处指的是“观察大自然”，故选B。三、完形填空题(2020年真题)HowtoSucceedinHighSchoolYouhavebeenfamiliarwiththelearningenvironmentinyourmiddleschool,anditfeelslikehome.Soitisnotalwayseasytosay"75"tomiddleschool.Afterenteringhighschool,youmayfacesomenewchallenges.Theschoolworkmaybecomemoredifficultandrequiregreaterskills.Moststudentsneedsupport.Teachersandparentsmaygiveyouahand.However,youcan't76othersallthetime.Whatcanyoudo？Herearesomesuggestions：Understandwhatkindoflearneryouare.Doyouneedsilencetofocus？ThenmakesuretheTVisnotonwhenyouarestudying.Provideyourselfwitha77learningenvironmentathome.Somestudentsfocusbetterinthemorning；othersatnight.Findtheright78sothatyoureffortswillworkwell.Learntobebetterorganized.Itmightbehelpfulwhenyougetusedtomakingato—do—litofallyourschoolwork,andcheckingeachitemoffwhenitiscompleted.Tryto79yourwork.Thiswillcreatesmaller,moremanageabletasksoutofthelargerones.Bigprojectsseemlessdifficultiftheyaredonestepbystep.Formgoodreadinghabits.Readeveryday—themore,thebetter.Itdoesn'tmatterwhatyouread.Readingnewspaperregularlyisagoodchoice.Newspapersprovideplentyofdetailsandbackground.80,informationyougetfromnewspapersisusuallyofficialandtrue.Highschoollifecanbeenjoyable.Oldfriendshipsmightcomeundoneandnewoneswilldevelop.Hopeyouwillfeelconfidentandperformwellinhighschool!75．A．hello B．bye—bye C．sorry D．thanks76．A．carefor B．dependon C．competewith D．worryabout77．A．warm B．clean C．quiet D．safe78．A．time B．place C．habit D．skill79．A．divide B．finish C．remember D．correct80．A．Forexample B．Inbrief C．Onaverage D．Inaddition【答案】75．B76．B77．C78．A79．A80．D【解析】75．句意：因此，对中学说“再见”并不总是那么容易。hello喂；bye—bye再见；sorry对不起；thanks谢谢。根据“Youhavebeenfamiliarwiththelearningenvironmentinyourmiddleschool”可知你已经熟悉了你的中学的学习环境，所以对中学说再见是不容易的。故选B。76．句意：但是，你不能一直依赖别人。carefor关心；dependon依赖；competewith与…竞争；worryabout担心。根据前文“Moststudentsneedsupport．Teachersandparentsmaygiveyouahand”可知老师和家长可能会帮助你，结合转折词however，所以此处是指：你不能总是依赖别人。故选B。77．句意：在家里为自己提供一个安静的学习环境。warm温暖的；clean干净的；quiet安静的；safe安全的。根据“ThenmakesuretheTVisnotonwhenyouarestudying”可知要确保你学习的时候电视没有开着，所以此处是指找一个安静的环境。故选C。78．句意：找到合适的时间，使你的工作顺利进行。time时间；place地点；habit习惯；skill技巧。根据“Somestudentsfocusbetterinthemorning；othersatnight”可知不同的学生需要的时间不一样，此处是指找到合适的时间，故选A。79．句意：尝试把工作分配一下。divide分成；finish完成；remember记得；correct纠正。根据“Thiswillcreatesmaller，moremanageabletasksoutofthelargerones”可知这种方法可以将从大任务中创建更小、更易于管理的任务，所以此处是指把工作分成不同的类别。故选A。80．句意：另外，你从报纸上获得的信息通常是官方的和真实的。Forexample例如；Inbrief简言之；Onaverage平均；Inaddition另外。根据“…informationyougetfromnewspapersisusuallyofficialandtrue”结合语境，可知是指：另外，你从报纸上得到的信息通常是官方的和真实的，故选D。记叙文解题步骤1.跳过空格，通读全文，把握大意。2.结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案。3.瞻前顾后，先易后难，各个击破。4.复读全文，逐空验证，弥补疏漏。二、解题方法1.词语搭配法：根据词语的习惯搭配来确定正确答案。2.语法判断法：通过语法分析来选择正确答案。若选项是名词，应根据上下文确定该名词的单复数以及是否用所有格等；若选项是动词，应考虑其时态、语态、搭配及非谓语形式等。3.语境分析法：根据上下文的具体语境，利用所学知识和平时积累的生活常识等，选出最符合情景的选项。4.对比排除法：有时对于一些难选的空，可以试着将各个选项逐一代入空处，然后进行综合比较，从而选出最恰当的答案。三、满分技巧1.了解记叙文的六要素。记叙文，无论是记人还是叙事，都会交代清楚时间、地点、人物、事件、经过和结果，即记叙文的＂六要素＂。弄清了这六个要素，基本上就理解了整篇文章。2.明确作者的写作目的。就事论事一般来说不是作者记叙的目的，作者往往通过叙述阐明一个道理。作者总是为了某个目的，在情节选择和细节描写上作出合理的安排。读者明晰了写作目的，就能抓住文章的主题。3.读懂作者的观点或态度。解题时要认真分析全文，看作者是否一直采用某种态度叙事或描述人。为了增加试题难度，命题人往往采用变化的形式，考生只有在语境的指导下，对文章进行准确地逻辑推断，才能推测出文字之下的深层信息。4.弄清作者叙述的视角。弄清文章是以第几人称的视角展开记叙的。通常英语记叙文展开记叙的视角有两个：第一人称和第三人称。用第一人称就是从＂参与者＂的角度进行记叙，读者可从字里行间感受到作者的态度和感情。用第三人称就是以＂观察者＂的身份展开叙述，作者的语气客观，与读者保持一定距离，读者的注意力更多地集中在故事本身上。了解作者的写作角度有助于我们抓住作者的思维，深入理解文章的意义，把握好语境。说明文1.快速弄清文章大意。对于此类文章我们结合选择项，进行粗读或略读，对文章的大意要先有一个大体的了解。说明文往往生词较多，而题材又比较广泛，所以阅读时，首先要能够掌握文章的大意。2.弄清楚说明的顺序。把握了说明顺序，就能准确把握文章的脉络，加强对整篇文章的理解。3.把握文章的组织结构，理清事实细节。把握语篇特征对理解文意与答题极为有利。说明性的文章一般都是一篇完整的、意思表达清楚的、逻辑比较严密的短文。在阅读这类文章时，我们一定要仔细研读文章的开头和结尾，从主题句着手，找出支持句，然后寻找文章的结论。这时，我们还要特别注意，不要被表面的一些细节所迷惑，我们在理解细节的基础上，还要斟酌文字的内涵意义，从而对文章进行深层次的理解。4.注重上下文语境应逐句精读短文，逐题分析选项，对特定的语境作深入的理解，克服＂思维定势＂，根据全文大意和词不离句、句不离文的原则逐项填空。5.熟练做题方法，遵循四个原则：（1）上下一致。每个选择项必须从全文出发，从大处着手，避免孤立地分析每一空格，造成误选。（2）语法正确。从语法的角度去考虑动词的时态、语态以及词类用法。（3）逻辑合理。在完形填空题中，逻辑推理非常重要，有时每个选择项从语法上讲都正确，但是有的是不合语境逻辑的。（4）符合搭配。英语中固定搭配很多，需要熟练掌握，才能做好此类题目。完形填空题Choosethewordsorexpressionsandcompletethepassage(选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文).TheLabrador(拉布拉多猎犬)haswonthehonorofthemostpopularbreed(品种)forthepasteighteenyears.Ithasbeendescribedasgentle,cleverandfriendly.However,notallLabsarethesame.JohnGrogandiscoveredthisafterheandhiswifeadoptedaLabradorthattheynamedMarley.ThedogcausedMr.Groganalotoftrouble,butitalsoprovidedalotof1forhisnewspaperarticles.Later,hewroteabest-sellingbook,“MarleyandMe:LifeandLovewiththeWorld’s2Dog.”Marleywashappyandfun-loving.Buthewasalsoextremelylargeanddifficulttocontrol.Hebitanythingthathecouldfindaroundthehouse,includingplastic,clothingandjewelry.Andhehadagreatfearofloudnoises,especiallythunderstorms.3,theGroganslivedinFloridawheremanythunderstormsdevelop.Marleywouldattackthefurniture,wallsanddoorsuntilhisfeetbledifhewasleftaloneinthehouseduringathunderstorm.Marleyalmost1theirhomeseveraltimes.JohnGrogansaidthatatfirst,heconsideredthatprobablyhisdogcouldbetrainedtobeashowchampion.Buthesoonrealizedthatwasimpossible.Marleydidn’tliketolearnskillsthatdidn’tbelongtodogs,andthedogtrainingschool4himforcausingtroublesforotherdogs.Hedidn’twanttohidehisemotions.Hewouldshowhisangerandtirednessifhefeltthem.5that,MarleystillhadearnedaplaceintheGrogans’.Hedidn’tknowhowtodance,andhedidn’tknowhowtowalkonitstwolegs,buthewaswhathewas.HewouldneverbeaLassieoraBenjioranoldYellerforhewouldneverliketotakepartinadogshow,buttheGrogansacceptedhimandlovedhimverymuch.2．A．services B．answers C．knowledge D．stories3．A．Cleverest B．Worst C．Bravest D．Ugliest4．A．Importantly B．Surprisingly C．Unfortunately D．Thankfully5．A．damaged B．sold C．eaten D．built6．A．reliedon B．caredfor C．gotridof D．apologizedto7．A．Exceptfor B．Evenif C．Inadditionto D．Becauseof【答案】1．D2．B3．C4．A5．C6．D【导语】本文主要讲述了拉布拉多猎犬马利在罗根家的幸福生活。1．句意：这只狗给格罗根先生带来了很多麻烦，但也为他的报纸文章提供了很多故事。services服务；answers答案；knowledge知识；stories故事。根据“forhisnewspaperarticles”可知是为报纸文章提供了故事的内容。故选D。2．句意：后来，他写了一本畅销书《马利和我：与世界上头号捣蛋狗的幸福生活》。Cleverest最聪明的；Worst最糟糕的；Bravest最勇敢的；Ugliest最丑的。根据下文“Marleywouldattackthefurniture,wallsanddoorsuntilhisfeetbledifhewasleftaloneinthehouseduringathunderstorm.”可知，如果雷雨天把马利独自留在家里，他就会攻击家具、墙壁和门，直到他的脚流血。由此可推测，他很调皮捣蛋。故选B。3．句意：不幸的是，格罗根一家住在佛罗里达州，那里经常发生雷暴。Importantly重要的是；Surprisingly令人惊喜的是；Unfortunately不幸的是；Thankfully令人感激的是。根据上文“Andhehadagreatfearofloudnoises,especiallythunderstorms.”可知，这只狗特别怕雷暴，而他们一家又刚好住在经常发生雷暴的地区，这是一件不幸的事情。故选C。4．句意：马利好几次差点毁了他们的家。damaged损毁；sold售出；eaten吃；built建造。根据上文“Marleywouldattackthefurniture,wallsanddoorsuntilhisfeetbledifhewasleftaloneinthehouseduringathunderstorm.”可知，如果雷雨天把马利独自留在家里，他就会攻击家具、墙壁和门，直到他的脚流血。由此可推测，他差点把房子给毁了。故选A。5．句意：马利不喜欢学习不属于狗的技能，狗训练学校因为给其他狗带来麻烦而将他开除。reliedon依赖；caredfor照料；gotridof除去；apologizedto向……道歉。根据“forcausingtroublesforotherdogs”可知，因为给其他狗带来麻烦，所以被开除了。故选C。6．句意：正因为如此，马利仍然在格罗根一家中赢得了一席之地。Exceptfor除了；Evenif即使；Inadditionto此外；Becauseof由于。根据上文“Hedidn’twanttohidehisemotions.Hewouldshowhisangerandtirednessifhefeltthem.”可知，马利直接表达他的真性情，这是他赢得一席之地的原因。故选D。完形填空题It’scommontowondersometimes,“Whatifsomethingturnsoutbadly?”It’simportanttounderstandthatideaandmanageitsothatyoudon’tgetstuckintheworry.Worryingaboutthefutureisa8partoflife.Fromtimetotime,everyonewonderswhatwouldhappenifsomethingdoesn’tgotoplan:“WhatifImakeamistake?”or“Whatifeveryone9me?”These“what-if”worriesfocusonanegativeresult.Whenyouspendalotoftimeworryingaboutbadthingsthatcouldhappen,you’reimaginingthatthefuturecouldbea(n)10.Spendingalotoftimethinkingabout“what-if”makesyoufeelanxious(焦虑的)andworried.Forexample,youmightfeelupsetanditcanmakeithardtofocusonwhatyou’redoing.Therearedifferentwaysyoucanhelpyourself.AngelaMcMillansuggestscreatingan“if/then”plan.Shesays,“Forexample,Ifyouhavetostandupinfrontoftheclass,Thenyouwilltakesomedeepbreathsand11yourselfyouhavepreparedandyou’reOK,orIfthesocialeventisreallynoisyandyoufeeluncomfortable,Thenyoucanstepoutsideforafewminutes.“Youcanalsoaskyourselfhowlikelyitisto12happen.McMillanpointsoutthatmostworriesneverhappen.“Remembertheyarejustthoughtsandthebravestthingwecandoistonotlettheworry13.“shesays.Trytofocusyourattentiononwhatyou’redoing.Gettingangrywithyourselfwillmakeyoufeelworse,sobekindtoyourself.8．A．normal B．dramatic C．pleasant D．simple9．A．dependson B．believesin C．laughsat D．learnsfrom10．A．adventure B．surprise C．goal D．disaster11．A．help B．understand C．judge D．remind12．A．actually B．exactly C．certainly D．immediately13．A．arrive B．win C．end D．think【答案】8．A9．C10．D11．D12．A13．B【导语】本文主要讲述的是面对担忧如何处理。8．句意：担心未来是生活正常的部分。normal正常的；dramatic戏剧的；pleasant愉快的；simple简单的。根据后文人不时地担忧，所以是正常一部分。故选A。9．句意：如果每个人嘲笑我呢？dependson依靠；believesin信任；laughsat嘲笑；learnsfrom从……学；根据前文“WhatifImakeamistake?”可知，应是描述担忧的事，在所给选项中，应是laughsat。故选C。10．句意：你正想象未来可能是灾害。adventure冒险；surprise吃惊；goal目标；disaster灾害。根据前文“Whenyouspendalotoftimeworryingaboutbadthingsthatcouldhappen”可知，当你担心可能发生的坏的事，所以会认为未来是灾难。故选D。11．句意：那么你将进行深呼吸并提醒自己你已经准备好了。help帮助；understand理解，明白；judge判断；remind提醒。根据前文讲述站在班级前时，深呼吸提醒自己准备好了，可以消除担忧。故选D。12．句意：你也可以问你自己事实上有多大可能会发生。actually事实上；exactly确切地；certainly当然；immediately立即。根据“howlikely”多大的可能，所以是面对担忧，事实上会发生的可能性。故选A。13．句意：我们能做的最勇敢的事是不要让担忧赢。arrive到达；win赢；end结束；think思考，认为。根据后文“Trytofocusyourattentiononwhatyou’redoing.”可知，集中注意力在正在做的事，所以是不能让担忧赢。故选B。三、完形填空题Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage(选择最恰当的选项完成短文)ShouldpeoplewalkwheretheywantInmostofEngland,walkersarelimitedtofootpaths.Morethan100musicians,actorsandwriterswrotetotheUKgovernment,“Inthebookswewrite,thesongswesing,theartwemake,wecelebratetheimportantconnectionthatwefeelwithnature.Butthatconnectionis14bythefencesthatsurround(围绕)muchofEngland’sland,stoppingpeoplefromwalkingfree.”Althoughin2000,alawwaspassedtoallowpeopletowalkaround8%ofEngland’scountryside.Somepeoplesaythisisn’tgoodenough.Otherspointoutthattherearebusinessesthatneedtokeepthelandprivate.Whatdoyouthink?Shouldpeoplebeallowedtowalkwherevertheylike?YES!—NaturebelongstoeveryoneNowadaysitisimportantforpeopletotakeawalkoutdoors—fortheirmentalandphysicalhealth.Itencouragespeopleandbringsthem15andrelaxation.Yetthisspaceisnotenoughandisnowsurroundedbyfences.Togetclosertonature,mostpeoplehavetotravelformiles.Everyoneshouldbeabletogetclosetonature16.Bluesky,flyingbirdsandgreentree-linedpathsshouldnotbelongtoanyprivateorganizationorperson.Butthetruthisthatsuchasmallnumberofpeopleownsuchhugeamountsofland.AmongeveryeightBritishhouses,onehasnogardens.Thisisn’t17.NO!—ThewalkingpathsareenoughThelandisn’tjustforpeople’senjoymentorhealth.Formanypeople,itmeansfamily’swhole-yearincome.18,farmersneedfieldstokeeptheiranimals,likesheeporbulls,foraliving.Also,itisn’tsafeforwalkerstowalkaroundbecausethelandmayhavemanyhidden19suchaswetlandsandsnakes.Moreover,walkersdonotalwaysshowtheirrespect.Theyleavegatesopen,littereverywhere,scareoffbirdsandstandoverplants.Infact,manypeoplearenotreallylookingforaconnectionwiththewild.Theyjustwantashortwalkwiththenicescenery.Thegovernmentshouldfocusonmakingpathsforwalkersandleavetherestofthelandalone.14．A．rebuilt B．blocked C．linked D．supported15．A．pleasure B．progress C．wisdom D．reference16．A．faithfully B．carefully C．safely D．easily17．A．common B．flexible C．fair D．guilty18．A．Afterall B．Forexample C．What’smore D．Asaresult19．A．memories B．enemies C．secrets D．dangers【答案】14．B15．A16．D17．C18．B19．D【导语】本文主要讲述了英国没有将所有道路开放给行人行走，因此，有人提出应该开放更多，有人则表示反对。14．句意：但是，这种联系被围绕在英国大部分土地上的栅栏挡住了，人们无法自由行走。rebuilt重建；blocked阻塞，限制；linked连接；supported支撑。根据“thatconnectionis...bythefencesthatsurround(围绕)muchofEngland’sland”可知，是指栅栏限制了人们与自然的联系，故选B。15．句意：它鼓励人们，给他们带来快乐和放松。pleasure快乐；progress进步；wisdom智慧；reference参考。根据上文“Nowadaysitisimportantforpeopletotakeawalkoutdoors—fortheirmentalandphysicalhealth.”可知，户外散步对身心健康很重要，所以是带来快乐和放松，故选A。16．句意：每个人都应该能够轻松地接近自然。faithfully忠诚地；carefully仔细地；safely安全地；easily容易地。根据下文“Bluesky,flyingbirdsandgreentree-linedpathsshouldnotbelongtoanyprivateorganizationorperson.”可知，蓝天、飞鸟、道路不应该属于任何私人组织或个人，所以人们应该是可以很容易地接近自然，故选D。17．句意：这不公平。common普通的；flexible灵活的；fair公平的；guilty有罪的，内疚的。根据上文“AmongeveryeightBritishhouses,onehasnogardens.”可知，每八户人家中就有一户没有花园，这是不公平的，故选C。18．句意：例如，农民需要田地来饲养牲畜，比如羊或牛，以维持生计。Afterall毕竟；Forexample例如；What’smore而且；Asaresult结果。根据上文“Formanypeople,itmeansfamily’swhole-yearincome.”可知，此处是举例说明农民饲养牲畜是家庭的全年收入。故选B。19．句意：此外，步行者四处走动也不安全，因为这片土地可能存在许多危险，例如湿地和蛇。memories记忆；enemies敌人；secrets秘密；dangers危险。根据“suchaswetlandsandsnakes”可知，湿地和蛇是属于危险因素，故选D。四、完形填空题Manyteensaren’tgettingenoughsleep.AccordingtoaU.S.survey,morethanoneinfiveteenshavedifficultyfallingasleeporstayingasleep.Here,some20experts(专家)areofferingtipstohelpteensgetabetternight’ssleep.SonalMalhotraSmallchangescanoftenmakeabigdifference.Trychangingonebadsleephabitatatime.Forexample,21havingabigmealclosetobedtimeormakesureyourroomisdarkandcomfortable.It’snotpossibletochangeeverythingallatonce.Ifyoucanchangeonehabitevenseveralnightsaweek,that’sgreat.LisaDamourWehaveplentyofresearchshowinghowdamagingtechnologyistosleep.Noone—childrenoradults—shouldhaveaphoneintheirbedroomatnight.Ifthat’stoohardforyou,youcanstartwithsomeeasierwaysto22thedamageofnighttimescreentime.Passiveuse,likewatchingashow,isbetterthanactiveuse,likegaming.JudithOwensManyofyouliketogetuplate23.Thiscanaffectyourweekdaysleep.OnSundaynight,youhaven’tbeenawakelongenoughtofallasleepattherighttime.You’llthenhavetroublegettingupforschoolonMondaymorning.Thenyourwholesleepschedulejustgetsoutof24.DaveAndersonLikeadults,someteensmayhavealotof25ontheirminds:“Oh,no!Istillhavesomuchworktodo.IfIdon’tgetenoughsleep,I’llfailmytesttomorrow!”Ifyouareoneoftheseteens,trykeepingadiary.Writedownwhatyoudidtodayandwhatyouplantodotomorrow.Youcanalsojustwriteaboutyourworries.Itcanhelpyougetridofthem.20．A．computer B．insurance C．health D．gardening21．A．avoid B．enjoy C．finish D．keep22．A．cause B．compare C．recognize D．reduce23．A．ontime B．onweekends C．atnoon D．atwork24．A．control B．date C．trouble D．work25．A．ambitions B．experiments C．plans D．worries【答案】20．C21．A22．D23．B24．A25．D【导语】本文介绍了一些有助于睡眠的方法。20．句意：在这里，一些健康专家提供了一些建议来帮助青少年获得更好的睡眠。computer电脑；insurance保险；health健康；gardening园艺。根据“getabetternight’ssleep.”可知是健康专家。故选C。21．句意：例如，避免在临睡前吃大餐，或者确保你的房间黑暗舒适。avoid避免；enjoy享受；finish完成；keep保持。根据“havingabigmealclosetobedtime”可知应该避免睡前吃大餐。故选A。22．句意：如果这对你来说太难了，你可以从一些更简单的方法开始，减少晚上看屏幕的时间对你的伤害。cause导致；compare比较；recognize认出；reduce减少。根据“thedamageofnighttimescreentime”可知采用简单的方法减少伤害。故选D。23．句意：你们中的许多人喜欢在周末晚起。ontime准时；onweekends周末；atnoon中午；atwork起作用。根据“Thiscanaffectyourweekdaysleep.”可知这里指的是周末晚起。故选B。24．句意：然后你的整个睡眠时间表就会失去控制。control控制；date日期；trouble麻烦；work工作。根据“You’llthenhavetroublegettingupforschoolonMondaymorning.”可知是睡眠时间表失去控制。故选A。25．句意：像成年人一样，一些青少年可能会有很多担忧。ambitions野心；experiments实验；plans计划；worries担忧。根据“Oh,no!Istillhavesomuchworktodo.IfIdon’tgetenoughsleep,I’llfailmytesttomorrow!”可知是有很多担忧。故选D。五、完形填空题MrsLi,theEnglishteacher,gavetheclassawritingassignment.“Writesomethinginsomewayrelatedtosummervacation,”shesaid.“Beas26asyoucan.But,”theteacheradded,“makesureyouuseproperspellingandgrammar.”ThatnightJimsatathisdeskathomeand27ablanksheetofpaper.Hedidn’twanttowriteabouthissummervacationasusual.Whatcouldhewriteabout,exceptadog,awaterpark,andtwoweeksofcamp?Boring...He’dactuallybeenhappytogetbacktoschool.Sohewrotewhathewanted.Notanessayatallbutashortstory,sciencefiction.Itwasaboutadistant28thatdidn’thavesummer—itwasspringallthetime.Anditdidn’thavevacationseither.Thealiensworked24hoursaday.Theywishedtheyhadvacations.Thenextmorninghehandedinthestory,butlaterthatnighthe29awakeuntil3a.m.,thinking,“WhydidIdothat?WillMrsLithinkIignoredtheassignment?”Englishwashisfavoriteclass.MaybehewouldbegMrsLiforachancetowriteanotherone,thesortshewanted.Butwhenhegottoclassthefollowingday,itturnedoutthatMrsLihadalreadyreadandgradedtheessays.Theteachersaid,“I’mgoingtopassbackyoursummervacationwriting30.Butbeforethat,I’mafraidI’vegotsomeratherharshwordstosay.Almosteveryoneinclasssimplywroteanessayabouthisorhersummervacation...Almosteveryone.”“Thisisbad,”Jimthought,“I’mgettinganF,Iknowit.”“But,”theteachercontinued,“oneofyouhadthecouragetobeasimaginativeasIaskedyoutobe.JimMartinwastheonlyonewhogotanAontheassignment.”Jimcouldn’t31.26．A．careful B．thoughtful C．creative D．fast27．A．wroteon B．lookedat C．workedon D．thoughtover28．A．planet B．place C．plane D．point29．A．lied B．lay C．laid D．lain30．A．soonerorlater B．everynowandthenC．forthetimebeing D．inaminute31．A．believehisears B．turnadeafearC．jumpoutofhisskin D．callitaday【答案】26．C27．B28．A29．B30．D31．A【导语】本文讲述了李老师给学生们布置了一次写作任务，学生Jim写了一则短篇科幻故事，他原以为老师会给他的写作评“F”，没想到最后Jim的写作竟得了“A”。26．句意：尽你所能发挥创造力。careful认真的；thoughtful体贴的；creative有创造力的；fast迅速的。根据下文“‘But,’theteachercontinued,‘oneofyouhadthecouragetobeasimaginativeasIaskedyoutobe...’”可知，老师要求学生发挥想象力，即要尽可能地有创造性。故选C。27．句意：那天晚上，Jim坐在家里的书桌前，看着一张白纸。wroteon在……上写字；lookedat看；workedon从事，继续工作；thoughtover仔细考虑。根据“ThatnightJimsatathisdeskathomeand...ablanksheetofpaper.Hedidn’twanttowriteabouthissummervacationasusual.Whatcouldhewriteabout,exceptadog,awaterpark,andtwoweeksofcamp?”可知，Jim坐在桌前，看着一张白纸，不知道要写什么。故选B。28．句意：这有关于一个没有夏天的遥远星球——那里一直都是春天。planet行星；place地方；plane飞机；point观点。根据下文“Thealiensworked24hoursaday.”可知，此处应是指“星球或行星”。故选A。29．句意：第二天早上他上交了那个故事，但那天晚上晚些时候，他醒着躺在那里，一直到凌晨3点。lied说谎（过去式）；lay躺（过去式）；laid铺放（过去式）；lain躺（过去分词）。根据“laterthatnighthe...awakeuntil3a.m.”可知，那天晚上他醒着躺在那里，一直到凌晨3点。句子用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式lay。故选B。30．句意：我一会儿就会把你们的暑假作文传回去。soonerorlater迟早；everynowandthen偶尔；forthetimebeing暂时；inaminute一会儿，很快。根据上文“Butwhenhegottoclassthefollowingday,itturnedoutthatMrsLihadalreadyreadandgradedtheessays.”可知，老师已经阅读过学生写的作文并给作