湖南2024年高中英语学业水平合格性考试仿真试卷（含答案详解）

试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页姓名______准考证号______机密★启用前2024年湖南省普通高中学业水平合格性考试仿真试卷（专家版三）英语本试题卷分阅读技能、知识运用、写作技能三个部分，共8页。时量90分钟，满分100分。第一部分阅读技能（共两节，满分45分）第一节阅读理解（共12小题；每小题3分，满分36分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AHomeawayfromhomePetboardingfacilitiesinandaroundRochesterBearCreekKennels(犬舍)

Tel:507-287-0045Offeringboardinganddaycarefordogsofallages,BearCreekKennelshasbothindoorandoutdoorfencedareas.Dogsareencouragedtoplaywitheachotherthroughouttheday.Itcosts$24pernight.Thedrop-off/pick-uptimesare:Mon.—Fri.,7a.m.—6p.m.;Sat.,8a.m.—5p.m.;Sun.,3—5p.m.Bob’sAnimalFriends

Tel:507-280-9572Bob’sAnimalFriendswantsyourdogstofeelrightathome,somuchsothatitoffersa“SleepBuddy”add-onfor$10pernight.Acaretakerwillstayovernightwithyourdog,meaningextracaretimeandsleepingonthesofa.Itcosts$25pernight.Thedrop-off/pick-uptimesare:Mon.—Fri.,6:30a.m.—7p.m.;Sat.,7—8a.m.and5—6p.m.;Sun.,5—6p.m.K-9KennelsInc.

Tel:507-289-2470TheownersofK-9KennelsInc.liveonsite,andthegroundsincludelargefencedareasforoutdoorplay.Indoorkennelsareclimate-controlled,andthere’sevenanindoorplayroomtoensureyourdogsgetplentyofmovement.Itcosts$25perday.Thedrop-off/pick-uptimesare:Mon.—Fri.,7a.m.—7p.m.;Sat.andSun.,8—11a.m.and4—6p.m.Dogs‘n’MoreBoarding

Tel:507-226-5384Dogs‘n’MoreBoardingfeatures10indoor/outdoorkennelsfordogsandaboardingareaforcats.Indoorareasfeaturewindowsfornaturallightanddoggydoorsforthemtogooutsideatwill.Itcosts$18pernightfordogsand$15pernightforcats.Thedrop-off/pick-uptimesare:Mon.—Sat.,6:30a.m.—8p.m.;Sun.,1—8p.m.1．WhencananownerdropoffhispetatBearCreekKennelsonSaturday?A．At6:30a.m. B．At7:00a.m. C．At5:00p.m. D．At5:30p.m.2．Howmuchisathree-nightsofastayatBob’sAnimalFriends?A．$45. B．$54. C．$75. D．$105.3．Whichnumberwillyoucalltoensureyourpetsgetplentyofmovement?A．507-289-2470. B．507-287-0045. C．507-226-5384. D．507-280-9572.4．Wherecanyoudropoffyourcat?A．BearCreekKennels. B．Bob’sAnimalFriends.C．K-9KennelsInc. D．Dogs‘n’MoreBoarding.BWhenIwasyoung,Ilovedandreallydidwellindrawingandart.Iwonawards,gotconstantattention,andevensawmyfaceinthenewspaperandontelevisionbecauseofmynaturalabilitytodraw.Mostpeoplewhohappentocomeacrosssomethingthattheyaregoodatareencouragedtotakeitandrunwithit.Ofcourse,mylifewasnodifferent.Fromteachers,toprincipals,tofamilymembers,everyoneseemedtohaveatonofadvicetogivemeinregardtoart.Allthewhile,mytruedesirewaswriting.Ienteredpoetry,essayandshort-storycontestsandlostall.Itwassuchacontrastfrommyartisticcompetitionexperience!ItwassobadthatIhadagoodfriendwhotoldmeonce,“Ifyouaresogoodatdrawing,whydoyouevencareaboutwriting?Sticktodrawing!”Thoughwellintended,eighteenyearslaterI’mgladIdidn’ttakehiswordstoheart.Yearswentbywithmestillwritingandstillconstantlyenteringcontests.ItwasnotuntilmyfirstyearincollegethatIfinallygothonorablementioninapoetrycontest.Asawriter,I’vetrulygrown.I’msuretherearethingsinyourlifethatarechallengingandyet,rewarding.Endurance,especiallywhenitcomestothingsyoutrulyloveisessential.Takesometimetodevotesomemoreenergytothethingthatdidn’tcomeeasyandseewhathappens.5．Whydidtheauthorgetmuchattentionwhenshewasyoung?A．Shereallyloveddrawing. B．Sheconstantlywonawards.C．Sheusedtowatchtelevision. D．Shehadtheabilitytoreadnature.6．Whentheauthorseemedtobegoodatart,______.A．everyoneencouragedhertorunwithit B．herparentsknewlittleaboutitC．herteachertoldtheprincipalaboutit D．peoplewantedtotakeheradvice7．WhatdoParagraph3andParagraph4mainlytalkabout?A．Theauthor’sdesiretotakepartincontests. B．Theauthor’sintentiontobementioned.C．Theauthor’sexperiencetobecomeawriter. D．Theauthor’sadvicetogrowupquickly.8．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor?A．Responsibleandcalm. B．Talentedanddetermined.C．Friendlyandhonest. D．Carefulandproud.CNewscientificresearchhasfoundthatattendinglivesportingeventsimproveslevelsofwell-beingandreducesfeelingsofloneliness.Thestudyuseddatafrom7,209adults,aged16—85,livinginEnglandwhojoinedintheTakingPartSurvey,carriedoutbytheBritishGovernment.Thestudyfoundthatattendingsportingeventsresultsinhigherscoresoftwomajoraspectsofsubjectivewell-being—lifesatisfactionandasenseof“lifebeingworthwhile”—aswellaslowerlevelsofloneliness.Nowadaysmanyinitiatives(倡议)promotethebenefitsofphysicalparticipationinsport,buttheresearchersbelievethatwatchinglivesportingeventscanalsoofferanaccessibleandeffectivepublichealthtoolforimprovingwell-beingandreducingloneliness.LeadauthorDr.HelenKeyessaid,“Previousresearchhasfocusedonspecificsportsorsmallpopulationsamples,suchascollegestudentsintheUnitedStates.Oursisthefirststudytolookatthebenefitsofattendinganysportingeventacrossanadultpopulation,andthereforeourfindingscouldbeusefulforshapingfuturepublichealthstrategies,suchasofferingreducedticketpricesforcertaingroups.”“TheliveeventscoveredbythesurveyrangedfromfreeamateureventstoPremierLeaguefootballmatches.Therefore,furtherresearchneedstobedonetoseewhetherthesebenefitsaremorenoticeableforhighlevelsport.”“However,wedoknowthatwatchinglivesportofallkindsprovidesmanyopportunitiesforsocialinteractionandthishelpstoestablishgroupidentityandbelonging,whichinturnreduceslonelinessandmakesadifferencetolevelsofwell-being.”9．Thenewresearchfocusedonwhetherattendinglivesportingevents______.A．benefitspeopleofdifferentages B．resultsinhigherscoresofstudyC．improveslevelsofhappiness D．reducestheharmofworkingalone10．WeknowthatDr.HelenKeyesandherteamarethefirstto______.A．promotethebenefitsofphysicalparticipationinsportB．believewatchinglivesportingeventshelpsreducepressureC．offerreducedticketpricesforacertaingroupofpeopleD．studyhowattendingsportingeventsbenefitsadults11．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“noticeable”meaninParagraph5?A．Easytosee. B．Hardtochange. C．Possibletolose. D．Truetobelieve.12．WhatdoesDr.HelenKeyesthinkoftheirfindings?A．Useless. B．Helpful. C．Funny. D．Tiring.第二节小标题填空（共3小题；每小题3分，满分9分）下面文章中有3处需要添加小标题。请从以下选项（A、B、C和D）中选出符合各段意思的小标题，并在答题卡上将相应选项的标号涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。WaystoCutYourCarbonFootprintOurcarbonfootprint,whichdrivesmoreglobalwarming,isconnectedwitheverythingweproduce,eatandbuy.Therearedozensofthingswecandotoreduceit.13Aboutone-thirdofallfoodgetswastedeveryyear.Producingfoodthatwon’tbeeatenwastesvaluableresources,includingenergy.Italsocreatesalotofgreenhousegases.Ifwedon’tbuywhatwedon’tneed,wecouldcutourfoodcarbonfootprintby12percent.14Peoplewhousetraditionalvehiclescanmakeupthelargestpartofcarbonfootprint.That’swhypeopleshouldwalkmore,ridebikesortakepublictransportation.Ifyouuseyourcar,consideranelectricvehicle（EV）.Oncetheyhittheroads,EVsdon’temitplanet-warminggases.15Everythingwebuyalsocontributestoourcarbonfootprint.Soakeywaytolessenthefootprintistobuyfewernewthings.Shoppingforthesecond-handgoodscutsmuchpollution.Nextbestistoextendthelifeofyourproducts.Recyclewhereveryoucan.A.BuylessnewstuffB.ReducefoodwasteC.Eatplant-basedfoodsD.Greenyourtravel第二部分知识运用（共两节，满分25分）第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AliceBrownwasteachingwhenthefloorbegantoshake.Thereactionofher16wasquickandcorrect—theymovedundertheirdesks,headfirst,and17tothelegsofthedesk.Atthesametime,MissBrown18openedtheclassroomdoor,19itbecamedamagedduringtheshakingandcouldnot20.Therewereloudcrashesofglassbreakingandthingsfallingtotheground,butthestudentsremained21andwaitedcalmlyandquietly.Themomentthe22stopped,MissBrownsenseditwasthebesttimefortheclasstomaketheir23.Shesignaledtoherstudentstoexittheclassroominanorderlylinecoveringtheir24withtheirhands.Withinoneminuteandtwentyseconds,thewholeclasswentdownthestairsandrushedtotheground.Meanwhile,studentsfromotherclassesarrivedtoo.Afterarollcallconfirmedthatallwere25andsound,theyrelaxed,laughing,cryingandhuggingeachother.16．A．pets B．children C．parents D．students17．A．lookedup B．heldon C．gotdown D．climbedback18．A．slowly B．quickly C．quietly D．surprisingly19．A．eachtime B．sothat C．incase D．asif20．A．open B．close C．break D．fall21．A．still B．curious C．nervous D．happy22．A．waiting B．teaching C．crying D．shaking23．A．reply B．escape C．plan D．choice24．A．arms B．mouths C．heads D．eyes25．A．bright B．clean C．warm D．safe第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Lastyear,IhadthechancetostudyataBritishsecondaryschoolasanexchangestudent.Istayedwith26lovelyhostfamilyandwenttoschoolwiththeirson,Daniel.Wewereboth27yeartenandwegotonwell.TheBritishschoolday28(begin)at9a.m.andendsat4p.m.Studentsusuallyhavetolearnninesubjectsatsecondaryschool.EverystudentmuststudyEnglish,MathsandtheScience29(subject):Biology,ChemistryandPhysics.Theycanalsochoose30(study)othersubjects,suchasHistory,ArtandBusiness.TheclassesaredifferentfromthoseinChina.Eachteacherhastheirownclassroomwiththestudents31(move)aroundforeverylesson.Ienjoyedmostoftheclasses,butsomeofthemwerequitechallenging.Withtheteacher’shelp,ImadeaclockintheTechnologyclasses.Ilikeitsomuch32Istilluseitasmyalarm!However,learningEnglishwasagreatchallengeforme.TherewerealotofdifficultEnglishwords,33(especial)inGeographyandBiology.ClassdiscussionisveryimportantintheUK,butsometimesIwasn’tabletoexpress34(me).Fortunately,myteachersandclassmateswerealways35(friend)andhelpful.Mylanguageskillsimprovedovertime.第三部分写作技能（共两节，满分30分）第一节双向翻译（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）请根据上下文内容，将文中划线部分译成汉语或者英语，并将答案转写到答题卡上。Mostpeoplelovereading.Itisapleasureofthemind.36阅读有一点像体育运动:Youreagernessandknowledgeandquicknessmakeyouagoodreader.37Readingisfun,notbecausethewriteristellingsomething,butbecauseitmakesyourmindwork.38Yourownimaginationworksalongwiththeauthor’sorevenbeyondhis.Comparedwithhis,yourexperiencebringsyoutothesameordifferentconclusions.39Readingcanonlybefunifyouexpectittobe.Ifyouconcentrateonbookssomebodytellsyouyououghttoread,youprobablywon’thavefun.Butifyouputdownabookyoudon’tlikeandtryanothertillyoufindonethatmeanssomethingtoyou,andthenrelaxwithit,40你当然会过得愉快.Ifyoubecome,asaresultofreading,better,wiser,kinderorgentler,youwon’thavesufferedduringtheprocess.第二节情景作文（共1小题，满分20分）41．假定你是李华，每天坚持进行体育运动，是其真正的受益者。请你选择列表中运动可能带来的好处，以BenefitsofTakingRegularExercise为标题写一篇倡议书，给学校广播站投稿。Takingregularexercise▲helptostayenergeticallthroughthedayandstudyorworkbetter▲improveourimmunesystemsoastokeepusfarawayfromdiseases▲burnupmorecaloriesandbuildupourbody▲enableustorelaxandsleepwellatnight▲mayoccupymuchofoursparetimeandwearusout▲encourageustogetclosetonature注意：（1）词数80左右（标题和开头已给出，不计入总词数）；（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；（3）请勿提及与考生相关的真实信息。BenefitsofTakingRegularExerciseNowadays,moreandmorepeople,especiallyteenagers,areawarethatitisimportantandnecessarytotakeregularexercise.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页1．C2．D3．A4．D【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要是关于罗切斯特及周边地区的宠物寄养设施信息汇总，包括各个宠物寄养所提供的服务、价格、接送时间等详细内容，以便宠物主人参考选择。1．细节理解题。根据BearCreekKennels部分中的“Sat.,8a.m.—5p.m.(星期六，上午8点至下午5点)”可知，周六的接送时间是上午8点至下午5点，因此主人可以在周六下午5点送宠物过去。故选C。2．细节理解题。根据Bob’sAnimalFriends部分中的“Bob’sAnimalFriendswantsyourdogstofeelrightathome,somuchsothatitoffersa“SleepBuddy”add-onfor$10pernight.Acaretakerwillstayovernightwithyourdog,meaningextracaretimeandsleepingonthesofa.Itcosts$25pernight.(Bob’sAnimalFriends希望你的狗狗有宾至如归的感觉，因此他们提供了每晚10美元的“睡眠伙伴”附加服务。一个看护人会陪你的狗过夜，这意味着额外的照顾时间和睡在沙发上。每晚25美元。)”可知，普通过夜费用是25一晚，而附加服务“SleepBuddy”每晚额外加收10。所以三晚的费用计算为：(25+10)∗3=105。故选D。3．细节理解题。根据K-9KennelsInc.部分中的“TheownersofK-9KennelsInc.liveonsite,andthegroundsincludelargefencedareasforoutdoorplay.Indoorkennelsareclimate-controlled,andthere’sevenanindoorplayroomtoensureyourdogsgetplentyofmovement.(K-9KennelsInc.的主人就住在这里，场地上有大片围起来的户外游乐区。室内狗舍是有温度控制的，甚至还有一个室内游戏室，以确保你的狗有足够的运动。)”和“Tel:507-289-2470(电话号码：507-289-2470)”可知，要确保宠物有足够的活动，应该选择提供室内和室外活动场地的K-9KennelsInc.，其电话号码是507-289-2470。故选A。4．细节理解题。根据Dogs‘n’MoreBoarding部分中的“Dogs‘n’MoreBoardingfeatures10indoor/outdoorkennelsfordogsandaboardingareaforcats.(Dogs‘n’MoreBoarding有10个室内/室外狗窝和一个猫寄宿区。)”可知，Dogs‘n’MoreBoarding可以寄养猫，提供猫咪的寄宿区，因此如果你想寄养猫，应该选择这个地方。故选D。5．B6．A7．C8．B【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者从小因绘画能力突出而备受瞩目，但她真正喜欢的写作却表现平平，但作者坚持写作，最终在诗歌比赛中崭露头角的励志故事。5．细节理解题。根据第一段“WhenIwasyoung,Ilovedandreallydidwellindrawingandart.Iwonawards,gotconstantattention,andevensawmyfaceinthenewspaperandontelevisionbecauseofmynaturalabilitytodraw.”（当我小时候，我喜欢并擅长绘画和艺术。由于我天生的绘画能力，我赢得了奖项，得到了持续的关注，甚至在报纸和电视上看到了我的脸。）可知，作者小时候受到大家的关注是因为她绘画能力突出，不断得奖。故选B项。6．细节理解题。根据第二段“Mostpeoplewhohappentocomeacrosssomethingthattheyaregoodatareencouragedtotakeitandrunwithit.Ofcourse,mylifewasnodifferent.Fromteachers,toprincipals,tofamilymembers,everyoneseemedtohaveatonofadvicetogivemeinregardtoart.”（大多数人碰巧遇到自己擅长的事情时，都会被鼓励去接受它并坚持下去。当然，我的生活也没有什么不同。从老师到校长，再到家庭成员，每个人似乎都有很多关于艺术的建议要给我。）可知，当大家发现作者似乎很擅长艺术时，身边所有的人都鼓励她要坚持下去。故选A项。7．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Allthewhile,mytruedesirewaswriting.Ienteredpoetry,essayandshort-storycontestsandlostall.Itwassuchacontrastfrommyartisticcompetitionexperience!ItwassobadthatIhadagoodfriendwhotoldmeonce,“Ifyouaresogoodatdrawing,whydoyouevencareaboutwriting?Sticktodrawing!””（一直以来，我真正的愿望是写作。我参加了诗歌、散文和短篇小说比赛，但全都输了。这与我的艺术比赛经历形成了鲜明的对比!这太糟糕了，我的一个好朋友曾经告诉我，“如果你这么擅长画画，你为什么还要关心写作?”坚持画画!”）及第四段“Thoughwellintended,eighteenyearslaterI’mgladIdidn’ttakehiswordstoheart.Yearswentbywithmestillwritingandstillconstantlyenteringcontests.ItwasnotuntilmyfirstyearincollegethatIfinallygothonorablementioninapoetrycontest.Asawriter,I’vetrulygrown.”（尽管用意是好的，但18年后，我很高兴自己没有把他的话放在心上。多年过去了，我仍在写作，并不断参加比赛。直到大学一年级，我才在诗歌比赛中获得了优秀奖。作为一名作家，我真的成长了。）可知，这两段主要介绍了作者真正的热爱是写作，虽然一开始参加的所有写作比赛都以失败告终，也受到朋友的质疑，但作者没有放弃，坚持写作，多年后最终在诗歌比赛中崭露头角，开启了作为一名作家的梦想。故这两段主要介绍了作者成为作家的经历。故选C项。8．推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“WhenIwasyoung,Ilovedandreallydidwellindrawingandart.”（当我小的时候，我喜欢并擅长绘画和艺术。）及第四段第二三句“Yearswentbywithmestillwritingandstillconstantlyenteringcontests.ItwasnotuntilmyfirstyearincollegethatIfinallygothonorablementioninapoetrycontest.”（多年过去了，我仍在写作，并不断参加比赛。直到大学一年级，我才在诗歌比赛中获得了优秀奖。）及最后一段第二句“Endurance,especiallywhenitcomestothingsyoutrulyloveisessential.”（忍耐，尤其是当涉及到你真正喜欢的事情时，是必不可少的。）可知，作者在绘画方面有天赋，当发现自己真正的热爱是写作时，虽然一开始表现很差，但她不放弃，坚持写作，最终在诗歌比赛中获奖。说明作者是一个有天赋和坚定意志力的人。故选B项。9．C10．D11．A12．B【导语】这是一篇说明文。新的科学研究发现，观看现场体育赛事可以提高幸福感，减少孤独感。文章解释了研究开展的经过以及发现。9．细节理解题。根据第二段“Thestudyfoundthatattendingsportingeventsresultsinhigherscoresoftwomajoraspectsofsubjectivewell-being—lifesatisfactionandasenseof“lifebeingworthwhile”—aswellaslowerlevelsofloneliness.(研究发现，参加体育赛事的人在主观幸福感的两个主要方面得分更高——生活满意度和“生活有价值”感——同时孤独感也更低)”可知，这项新研究的重点是观看现场体育赛事提高幸福水平。故选C。10．细节理解题。根据第四段“Oursisthefirststudytolookatthebenefitsofattendinganysportingeventacrossanadultpopulation,andthereforeourfindingscouldbeusefulforshapingfuturepublichealthstrategies,suchasofferingreducedticketpricesforcertaingroups.(我们的研究是第一个研究成年人参加任何体育赛事的好处的研究，因此我们的研究结果可能对制定未来的公共卫生策略有用，比如为某些群体提供更低的票价)”可知，海伦·凯斯博士和她的团队是第一个研究参加体育赛事如何有益于成年人的人。故选D。11．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“TheliveeventscoveredbythesurveyrangedfromfreeamateureventstoPremierLeaguefootballmatches.Therefore,furtherresearchneedstobedonetoseewhetherthesebenefitsaremore”可知，调查涵盖的现场直播活动从免费的业余赛事到英超联赛都有。因此，需要做进一步的研究，看看这些好处是否在高水平的运动中更容易看到。故划线词意思是“很容易看到”。故选A。12．细节理解题。根据最后一段““However,wedoknowthatwatchinglivesportofallkindsprovidesmanyopportunitiesforsocialinteractionandthishelpstoestablishgroupidentityandbelonging,whichinturnreduceslonelinessandmakesadifferencetolevelsofwell-being.”(“然而，我们确实知道，观看各种体育直播为社会互动提供了许多机会，这有助于建立群体认同和归属感，从而减少孤独感，提高幸福感。”)”可知，海伦·凯斯博士认为他们的发现有帮助。故选B。13．B14．D15．A【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些减少个人碳足迹的方法。13．下文“Aboutone-thirdofallfoodgetswastedeveryyear.Producingfoodthatwon’tbeeatenwastesvaluableresources,includingenergy.Italsocreatesalotofgreenhousegases.Ifwedon’tbuywhatwedon’tneed,wecouldcutourfoodcarbonfootprintby12percent.”（每年大约有三分之一的食物被浪费掉。生产不被食用的食物浪费了包括能源在内的宝贵资源。它还会产生大量的温室气体。如果我们不买我们不需要的东西，我们可以减少12%的食品碳足迹。）说明了食物浪费的严重后果，说明我们只买必需的东西，可以减少食物浪费，从而减少食品碳足迹。B项“Reducefoodwaste”（减少食物浪费）可概括本段内容。故选B项。14．下文“Peoplewhousetraditionalvehiclescanmakeupthelargestpartofcarbonfootprint.That’swhypeopleshouldwalkmore,ridebikesortakepublictransportation.Ifyouuseyourcar,consideranelectricvehicle（EV）.Oncetheyhittheroads,EVsdon’temitplanet-warminggases.”（使用传统车辆的人构成了碳足迹的最大部分。这就是为什么人们应该多走路、骑自行车或乘坐公共交通工具。如果你开车，可以考虑电动汽车。电动汽车一旦上路，就不会排放导致地球变暖的气体。）说明绿色环保的出行方式有助于减少碳足迹。D项“Greenyourtravel”（绿色出行）可概括本段内容。故选D项。15．下文“Everythingwebuyalsocontributestoourcarbonfootprint.Soakeywaytolessenthefootprintistobuyfewernewthings.Shoppingforthesecond-handgoodscutsmuchpollution.Nextbestistoextendthelifeofyourproducts.Recyclewhereveryoucan.”（我们所购买的一切也会增加我们的碳足迹。因此，减少碳足迹的一个关键方法是少买新东西。购买二手商品减少了很多污染。其次是延长产品的使用寿命。尽可能地回收。）说明少买新东西，延长已有产品使用寿命有助于减少碳足迹。故A项“Buylessnewstuff”（少买新东西）可概括本段内容。故选A项。16．D17．B18．B19．C20．A21．A22．D23．B24．C25．D【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了正在上课的AliceBrown面对突如其来的地震，临危不乱，指导学生冷静应对，最终所有学生都安然无恙的故事。16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的学生们的反应是迅速而正确的——他们移动到课桌下面，头朝前，抓住课桌腿。A.pets宠物；B.children儿童；C.parents父母；D.students学生。根据前文“AliceBrownwasteaching”及后文“Shesignaledtoherstudentstoexittheclassroom”可知，地震发生时，AliceBrown正在上课，她的学生们的反应是迅速的。故选D项。17．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她的学生们的反应是迅速而正确的——他们移动到课桌下面，头朝前，抓住课桌腿。A.lookedup向上看；B.heldon紧握；C.gotdown写下；D.climbedback攀爬回来。根据前文“thefloorbegantoshake”及后文“thelegsofthedesk”可知，地震来临，学生们应该是躲在桌下，抓住课桌腿。故选B项。18．考查副词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，AliceBrown迅速打开教室的门，以防它在摇晃中损坏而打不开。A.slowly缓慢地；B.quickly迅速地；C.quietly安静地；D.surprisingly令人惊讶地。根据前文“whenthefloorbegantoshake”及后文“itbecamedamagedduringtheshakingandcouldnot___5___.”可知，地震来临，老师应该反应迅速，打开门以防在摇晃中损坏而无法打开。故选B项。19．考查连词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，AliceBrown迅速打开教室的门，以防它在摇晃中损坏而打不开。A.eachtime每次；B.sothat以便；C.incase以防；D.asif似乎。根据前文“openedtheclassroomdoor”及后文“itbecamedamagedduringtheshakingandcouldnot___5___.”可知，AliceBrown迅速打开教室的门是害怕万一它在摇晃中损坏，就无法打开了。故选C项。20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，AliceBrown迅速打开教室的门，以防它在摇晃中损坏而打不开。A.open打开；B.close关闭；C.break打破；D.fall掉落。根据前文“openedtheclassroomdoor”及后文“itbecamedamagedduringtheshaking”可知，AliceBrown迅速打开教室的门是害怕万一它在摇晃中损坏，就无法打开了。故选A项。21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：玻璃破碎的声音很响，东西掉在地上，但学生们仍然静静地等待着。A.still静止的；B.curious好奇的；C.nervous紧张的；D.happy开心的。根据前文“Therewereloudcrashesofglassbreakingandthingsfallingtotheground,but”及后文“waitedcalmlyandquietly”可知，虽然震动剧烈，但学生们还是保持静止不动，没有慌张。故选A项。22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：震动停止的那一刻，Brown小姐意识到这是全班同学逃跑的最佳时机。A.waiting等待；B.teaching教授；C.crying哭泣；D.shaking摇晃。根据前文“thefloorbegantoshake”及后文“itwasthebesttimefortheclasstomaketheir___8___.”可知，震动停止，同学们才能够逃生。故选D项。23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：震动停止的那一刻，Brown小姐意识到这是全班同学逃跑的最佳时机。A.reply回复；B.escape逃离；C.plan计划；D.choice选择。根据前文“Themomentthe___7___stopped”及后文“exittheclassroom”可知，学生们现在困在教室，震动停止，是逃出教室的最佳时机。故选B项。24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她示意学生们用手捂着头有序地离开教室。A.arms胳膊；B.mouths嘴巴；C.heads头；D.eyes眼睛。根据前文“thingsfallingtotheground”及后文“withtheirhands”可知，地震导致有坠物掉落，离开时应该用手护着头部。故选C项。25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：点名确认所有人都安然无恙后，他们放松下来，笑着，哭着，互相拥抱。A.bright明亮的；B.clean干净的；C.warm温暖的；D.safe安全的。根据后文“theyrelaxed,laughing,cryingandhuggingeachother”可知，学生们如释重负，互相拥抱，说明大家都安然无恙。故选D项。26．a27．in28．begins29．subjects30．tostudy31．moving32．that33．especially34．myself35．friendly【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者去英国当交换生的经历。26．考查冠词。句意：我住在一个可爱的寄宿家庭，和他们的儿子丹尼尔一起上学。此处hostfamily为泛指，且lovely是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。27．考查介词。句意：我们都是十年级的学生，我们相处得很好。短语beinyearten表示“十年级”。故填in。28．考查时态。句意：英国的学校一天从上午9点开始，下午4点结束。学生在中学通常要学习9门课程。根据后文usually可知为一般现在时，主语为TheBritishschoolday，谓语用三单形式。故填begins。29．考查名词的数。句意：每个学生都必须学习英语、数学和自然学科：生物、化学和物理。根据后文Biology,ChemistryandPhysics可知subject应用复数形式。故填subjects。30．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们也可以选择学习其他科目，如历史、艺术和商业。短语choosetodosth.表示“选择做某事”。故填tostudy。31．考查非谓语动词。句意：每个老师都有自己的教室，学生们每节课都在四处走动。此处是with的复合结构，students与move为主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。故填moving。32．考查状语从句。句意：我非常