广东省深圳市2024届高三第一次调研考试（一模）英语试卷(含答案)

广东省深圳市2024届高三第一次调研考试（一模）英语试卷

学校：___________姓名：___________班级：考号：

一、阅读理解

WhistlerTravelGuide

Snow-cappedpeaksandpowderedsteeps;sparklinglakesandrushingwaterfalls;

challenginghikingroutesandinvitingrestaurants一Whistler'sofferingssuitevery

season.Thingstodo

Theentiretowndisplaystheski-chicatmosphere,hostingdozensofskiandsnowboard

competitionsandfestivalsannually.Inthewarmermonths,moreoutdoorenthusiastscome

outtoplay.Visitorscantryhikingorcyclingupthemountains.WhileWhistlerisanideal

vacationspotfortheactivetypes,othertravelerscanenjoythelocalmuseumsandart

galleriesfilledwithinformativeexhibits.Plus,therearefamily-friendlyactivitiesand

attractionslikesummerconcerts,alongwithplentyofshoppingoptions.Whentovisit

ThebesttimestovisitWhistlerarefromJunethroughAugustandbetweenDecemberand

March.Howtogetaround

ThebestwaystogetaroundWhistlerareonfootorbybike.Or,youcantakethe

shuttlebusesfromWhistlerVillage,whichtransportvisitorstoLostLakeParkandthe

Marketplace.Meanwhile,havingacarwillallowyouthefreedomtoexploretopattractions

likeWhistlerTrainWreckandAlexanderFallswithouthavingtospendalotofcashona

cab.Whatyouneedtoknow

•Whistlerreceivesfeetofsnoweachyear.Ifyou'redrivinginwinter,slowdownand

makesuretorentorcomewithareliableSUV.

•SnowslidesarelikelytooccuronBackcountryroutes,soonlyadvancedskiersshould

taketothisoff-the-maparea.

•Whistler'swildernessishometomanyblackandgrizzlybears.Keepyourdistanceand

donotfeedthem.

1.WhatareactivetravelersrecommendedtodoinWhistler?

A.Bikeupthemountains.B.Hostskicompetitions.

C.Goshoppingatthemalls.D.Visitmuseumexhibitions.

2.Whichofthefollowingisthemostpopularamongtravelers?

A.WhistlerVillage.B.LostLakePark.C.TheMarketplace.D.WhistlerTrainWreck.

3.WhataretravelersprohibitedfromdoinginWhistler?

A.DrivingarentedSUV.B.Feedinggrizzlybears.

C.Exploringthewilderness.D.SkiingonBackcountryroutes.

Iusedtobelievethatonlywordscouldcatchtheessenceofthehumansoul.Theliterary

workscontainedsuchdistinctstoriesthattheyshapedthewaywesawtheworld.Wordswere

whatcomposedthequestionswesoughttouncoverandtheanswerstothosequestions

themselves.Wordswereeverything.

Thatbeliefchanged.

Inanordinarymathclass,myteacherposedasimplequestion:What's0.99roundedtothe

nearestwholenumber?Easy.Whenroundedtothenearestwholenumber,0.99=1.Somehow,

Ithoughteventhough0.99isonly0.01awayfrom1,there'sstilla0.01difference.That

meanseveniftwothingsareonlyalittledifferent,theyarestilldifferent,sodoesn'tthat

makethemcompletelydifferent?

Myteacheransweredmyquestionbypresentinganotherequation（等式）：1=0.9,which

couldalsobeexpressedas1=0.99999repeatingitselfwithouteverending.

Therewassomethingmysteriousbutfascinatingabouttheequation.Theleftsidewas

unchangeable,objective:itcontainedanumberthatended.Ontherightwassomething

endless,numberrepeatingitselflimitlesstimes.Yet,somehow,thesetwoopposedthings

wereconnectedbyanequalsign.

Lyinginbed,Ithoughtabouthowmuchtheequationparalleledourexistence.Theleftside

oftheequationrepresentsthatsometimeslifeitselfissounchangeableandsoclear.The

concrete,wholenumberofthedaywhenyouwerebomandthedaywhenyouwoulddie.But

thenthereisthatgapinbetweenlifeanddeath.Therightsidemeansatimeandspacefullof

limitlesspossibilities,andendlessopportunitiesintotheopenfuture.

Sothat'swhatlifeis.Objectivebutimaginative.Unchangeablebutlimitless.Lifeisan

equationwithtwosidesthatbalancesitsefout.Still,wecan'tevertrulyseemtoputthe

perfectwordstoit.Sopossiblynumberscanexpressideasaseuallywellaswordscan.For

now,lefsleaveitatthat:1=0.99999...andlivealifelikeit.

4.Whatdoestheauthoremphasizeaboutwordsinparagraph1?

A.Theirwidevariety.B.Theirliteraryorigins.

C.Theirdistinctsounds.D.Theirexpressivepower.

5.Whatmadetheauthorfindtheequationfascinating?

A.Therepetitionofanumber.

B.Thewaytwodifferentnumbersareequal.

C.Thequestiontheteacherraised.

D.Thedifferencebetweenthetwonumbers.

6.Whichofthefllowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“paraHeled“inparagraph6?

A.Measured.B.Composed.C.Mirrored.D.Influenced.

7.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.ThePerfectEquationB.NumbersBuildEquations

C.AnAttractiveQuestionD.WordsOutperformNumbers

“Whydoesgrandpahaveearhair?”Justafewyearsagomychildwassocurioustoknow

“why”and“how”thatwehadtocutoffherquestionsfiveminutesbeforebedtime.Nowa

soon-to-befourthgrader,shesaysthatshedislikesschoolbecause"it'snotfiuntolearn.^^I

amshocked.Asascientistandparent,IhavedoneeverythingIcantopromotealoveof

learninginmychildren.WheredidIgowrong?

Mychild'sexperienceisnotunique.DevelopmentalpsychologistSusanEngelnotesthat

curiositydefinedas"spontaneous（自发的）“investigationandeagernessfornew

information-dropsdramaticallyinchildrenbythefourthgrade.

InWonder:ChildhoodandtheLifelongLoveofScience,YalepsychologistFrankC.Keil

detailsthedevelopmentofwonder-aspontaneouspassiontoexplore,discover,and

understand.Hetakesusonajourneyfromitsearlydevelopment,whenwonderdrives

commonsenseandscientificreasoning,throughthedrop-offinwonderthatoftenoccurs,to

thetrapoflifeinasocietythatdevalueswonder.

AsKeilnotes,childrenareparticularlyrichinwonderwhiletheyarerapidlydeveloping

causalmechanisms（因果机制）inthepreschoolandearlyelementaryschoolyears.Theyare

sensitivetotheothers9knowledgeandgoals,andtheyexpertlyusetheirdesirefor

questioning.Children'squestions,particularlythoseabout“why”and"how”supportthe

developmentofcausalmechanismswhichcanbeusedtohelptheirday-to-dayreasoning.

Unfortunately,asKeilnotes,“adultsgreatlyunderestimateyoungchildren'scausal

mechanisms.Inthebook,Wonder,Keilshowsthatwecansupportchildren'songoing

wonderbyplayinggameswiththemaspartners,encouragingquestion-asking,andfocusing

ontheirabilitiestoreasonandconclude.

Adeclineinwonderisnotunavoidable.Keilremindsusthatwecanacceptwonderasa

desirablepositivequalitythatexistsineveryone.Ivaluewonderdeeply,andWonderhas

givenmehopebyproposingafuturefbrmychildrenthatwillremainwonder-full.

8.Whatisacommonproblemamongfourthgraders?

A.Theyupsettheirparentstoooften.B.Theyasktoomanystrangequestions.

C.Theirloveforfundisappearsquickly.D.Theirdesiretolearndeclinessharply.

9.Whatcanbeinferredaboutchildren'scausalmechanismsinparagraph4?

A.Theycontrolchildren'ssensitivity.

B.Theyslightlychangeinearlychildhood.

C.Theyhardlysupportchildren'sreasoning.

D.Theydevelopthroughchildren'squestioning.

10.Howcanparentssupportchildren'songoingwonderaccordingtoKeil?

A.Bymonitoringtheirgames.B.Bywelcominginquiringminds.

C.Byestimatingtheirabilities.D.Byprovidingreasonableconclusions.

11.Whatisthetext?

A.Abookreview.B.Anewsreport.C.Aresearchpaper.D.Achildren'sstory.

Eachyear,theworldlosesabout10millionhectaresofforest一atareaaboutthesizeof

Iceland—becauseofcuttingdowntrees.Atthatrate,somescientistspredicttheworld's

forestscoulddisappearin100to200years.Tohandleit,nowresearchersatMassachusetts

InstituteofTechnology（MIT）havepioneeredatechniquetogeneratewood-likeplant

materialssinalab.Thismakesitpossibleto"grow”awoodenproductwithoutcuttingdown

trees.

Inthelab,theresearchersfirsttakecellsfromtheleavesofayoungplant.Thesecellsare

culturedinliquidmediumfortwodays,thenmovedtoanothermediumwhichcontains

nutrientsandtwodifferenthormones（激素）.Byadjustingthehormonelevels,the

researcherscantunethephysicalandmechanicalqualitiesofthecells:Newtheresearchers

usea3Dprintertoshapethecell-basedmaterial,andlettheshapedmaterialgrowinthedark

forthreemonths.Finally,theresearchersdehydrate（使脱水）thematerial,andthenevaluate

itsqualities.

Theyfoundthatlowerhormonelevelsleadtoplantmaterialswithmorerounded,open

cellsoflowerdensity（密度），whilehigherhormonelevelscontributetothegrowthofplant

materialswithsmallerbutdensercellstructures.Lowerorhigherdensityofcellstructures

makestheplantmaterialssofterormorerigid,helpingthematerialsgrowwithdifferent

wood-likecharacteristics.Whafsmore,ifstobenotedthattheresearchprocessisabout100

timesfasterthanthetimeittakesforatreetogrowtomaturity!

Researchofthiskindisground-breaking."Thisworkdemonstratesthegreatpowerofa

technology,^saysleadresearcher,JeffreyBerenstab.6tTherealopportunityhereistobeatits

bestwithwhatyouuseandhowyouuseit.Thistechnologycanbetunedtomeetthe

requirementsyougiveaboutshapes,sizes,rigidity,andforms.Itenablesustogrow'any

woodenproductinawaythattraditionalagriculturalmethodscan'tachieve.

12.WhydoresearchersatMITperformtheresearch?

A.Togrowmoretrees.B.Toreducetreelosses.

C.Toprotectplantdiversity.D.Topredictforestdisappearance.

13.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusaboutthelabresearch?

A.Itsscientificorigins.B.Itstheoreticalbasis

C.Itsusualdifficulties.D.Itsmainprocesses

14.Whatdoesthefindingsuggestabouttheplantmaterials?

A.Theyarebetterthannaturallygrownplants.

B.Theirgrowthspeeddeterminestheircharacteristics.

C.Thehormonelevelsaffecttheirrigidity.

D.Theircells'shapesmainlyrelyontheirdensity.

15.Whyistheresearchpath-breakingaccordingtoBerenstain?

A.Itusesnewbiologicalmaterialsinlabexperiments.

B.Ithasasignificantimpactonworldwideplantgrowth.

C.Itrevolutionizesthewaytomakewoodenproducts.

D.Itchallengestraditionalscientifictheoriesinforestry.

二、七选五

16.Artcomesintwomaincategories:realisticandabstract.Realisticartaimstoshow

real-lifescenes,people,andobjectsexactlyastheyappear.Itinvolvespayingcloseattention

todetails,makingthingslooklikephotographs.①.Ifsmoreaboutexpressingfeelings,

emotions,andideas.

Realisticartiseasytounderstand.Viewerscaneasilyrecognizewhatisportrayed.Takethe

MonaLisa,forexample-it'sarealisticpaintingofaladywithamysterioussmile.②,

helpingustolearnaboutthepast.

Unlikerealisticart,abstractartismoreaboutbeingcreative.③.Theyuseshapes,

colorsandpatternstoexpressfeelingsandideas.Abstractartmeansdifferentthingsto

differentpeople.Somepeopleenjoytryingtofigureoutwhattheartworkconveys.

(4).Realisticartneedsprecisionindrawingorsculptingtomakethingslookreal.

Abstractartrequiresimaginationtouseshapesandcolorsinnewways.Manyartistsare

skilledinboth.Theycreaterealisticpiecestodemonstratetheirtechnicalskillsandabstract

onestodisplaytheircreativity.

Asforpersonalpreference,somepeopleprefertheclearstoriesofrealisticartwhileothers

areattractedtothemysteryofabstractart,interpretingmeaningsintheshapesandforms.

Together,thetwokindsofartmaketheartworlddiverseandengaging.⑤.

A.Bothtypesofarttakeskillstomake

B.Photographspreservefacesoffolksfromlongago

C.Graspingabstractartdemandsmoreartistictraining

D.Bothwaysofcreatingarthavetheirownvalueandbeauty

E.Incontrast,abstractartfocuseslessonrealisticappearances

F.Artworkslikethistellstoriesabouthistoryandeverydaylife

GArtistshavethefreedomtogobeyondreal-liferepresentations

三.完形填空（15空）

Lastyear,Istartedthejourneyofbeingaremoteproductdesigner.Thethoughtofa

flexible（灵活的）schedule,acomfortablehomeoffice,andtheescapefromthe]public

transportwasincredibly2.Thefirstfewweekswerefilledwithalong-lostfeelingof

3_.

However,the4ofworkingfromhomegraduallysetin.Ihadstartedmydaywiththe

best5,promisingmyselfquickbreaksandregularstretches（伸展）.Butdeadlines,

endlessemails,andvirtualmeetings6metomycomputerthroughouttheday,leavingme

littletimeto7.Goneweretheshortwalkstoacoworker9sdeskandthequicklunchtime

walksaroundtheofficecomplex.Finally,myworldwas8tothewallsofmyhome,my

steps9inmetersonlyratherthankilometers.

Oneday,Itried10oneofmyfavoritedressesanditwasn'tpassingthroughmywaist

（腰）atall.Lookingatmyselfinthemirror,Isawa11personcarryingextraweight,

ratherthansomeoneenjoyingfreedom.The12ofworkandpersonallifehadleftme

feelinglikeIwasanever-endingmotionmachine.

Thisincident（事件）markedthe13ofajourneyofself-discovery.Imadeupmymind

thatIneededa（n）14notjustformywaistlinebutformyoverallwell-being.Itwasa

promisetoprioritizemyphysicalandmentalhealth,andapromisethatIcould15

controlovermylifeandmybody.

17.A.dramaticB.severe

C.previousD.crowded

18.A.appealingB.annoying

C.challengingD.confusing

19.A.directionB.safety

C.fi*eedom□,responsibility

20.A.dutiesB.awardsC.problems□.expectations

21.A.concernsB.reliefs

C.updatesD.intentions

22.A.tiedB.inspiredC.guideD.introduced

23.A.replyB.relaxC.reactD.read

24.A.adaptedB.limitedC.relatedD.addicted

25.A.countedB.repeated

C.watchedD.followed

26.A.tidyingupB.puttingaside

C.fittingintoD.gettingback

27.A.lazyB.tiredC.rudeD.mad

28.A.mixB.successC.balanceD.value

29.A.distanceB.memory

C.beginningD.training

30.A.promiseB.excuseC.answerD.change

31.A.maintainB.easeC.removeD.regain

四、短文填空

32.Despitebeing75yearsold,ChaiTixia'sexpertiseinJianziistrulyimpressive.

Withquickkicks,heeffortlesslysendstheJianziintotheairandgracefullyguidesittoland

①(gentle)onhishead.

Jianzi,②gamethatdatesbacktotheHanDynasty,issurprisinglysimple:

playersmustkeeptheJianziintheair,③(use)anypartoftheirbodyexcepttheir

handsandarms.However,tomasterthisgame④(require)alotofpractice.

WhileenjoyedthroughoutChina,Jianzi(§)(describe)byChaiasan

importantaspectofhutongculture.Thenarrowalleyways,situatedwithinBeijing'sinnercity,

providethesettingforthegame's⑥(popular).Eachmormning,Chaiandhis

fellowhutongresidentsgatherfortheirsharedpassionforJianzi.

Chai'sspiritedmatcheswithhisneighborshaveabigaudience©(draw)to

theartistryandexcitementofthegame.Theonlookerswhowatchthemplayingwithgreat

athleticismareamazedat®Chaiandhisfellowplayerscanachieve.

HavingpracticedJianziforover30years,Chaicherishesthephysicalandsocial©

(benefit)thegamebrings.Engaginginlivelymatcheswithhisneighbors

energizeshisbody,enhanceshisflexibility,⑩promotesunitywithinthe

community.ThroughJianzi,Chaiharvestsnotonlyhealthbutasenseofbelongingand

friendship.

五、书面表达

33.在口语课上，外教Leo组织同学们讨论是否使用电子翻译笔(electronictranslation

pen)来辅助英语学习。请你代表小组发言，内容包括：

1.小组观点；

2.陈述理由。

注意：

1.词数80左右;

2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Hello,everyone!

Thankyouforlistening!

六、读后续写

34.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短

文。

Inourweeklystaffmeeting,oureditorAshleywasnotpleasedwiththequalityofour

reporting.uOurreadershipiswaydown.WeneedbetterstoriesforthisThursday'sschool

newspaper.Doesanybodyhaveanyideas?”shesaid.

IhandedhermyarticleaboutourbasketballteambeatingDeerfieldHighSchoolthe

previousnightbyonepoint."Sportsstoriesarefun,^^shesaid,“butnotgoodenoughforthe

frontpage.Weneedsomethingtoreallygetpeople'sattention.^^

Afterourmeeting,weleftthenewsroomtogetherandheardsomeonescreaming,"Perry

ismissing!^^Perrywasabigredparrotandhadbeenourschoolmascot（吉祥物）forten

years.Heplayedanimportantroleinstudents7lives,bothinandoutofclass.Hehadalso

beenaconstantpresenceatschoolevents,inspiringasenseofunityamongstudents.

EveryonegatheredaroundPerry9semptycage,heartbroken.Suddenly,astudentfromthe

crowdcameoverandshowedmeaphoto."You'reareporterfortheschoolpaper,right?I

happenedtotakethisyesterday,hesaid.InthephotowasaDeerfieldHighSchool

basketballplayerwithsomethinglargehiddenunderhisshirtaroundthesizeofaparrot.

“HemusthavestolenPerrytogetbackatusforwinningthegame!”Ashleycried.We

hurriedbacktothenewsroom,agreeingtorunthephotoonthefrontpagewiththeheadline

“DeerfieldStolePerry.^^“Thisisjustthestoryweneed.Everyonewillreadit,“Ashleysaid

confidently.

Aftersheleft,Itookacloserlookatthephoto.Theclockinthebackgroundread4:15

pm,butourgameagainstDeerfieldhadn'tstarteduntil4:30pm.Whywouldtheboyhave

takenPerrybeforeweevenplayed?Anuneasyfeelingcameovermethatwemighthave

falselyaccusedsomeone.

IwenttoPerry'susualcaretakertoaskifheknewPerrywasmissing."He'snotmissing.

He'sretired.He'sreadyforsomequieterdays,"hesaid.Learningthetruth,Iimmediately

toldAshleyandsuggestedwritingastorytosaygoodbyetoPerry.

注意：

L续写词数应为150左右：

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Tomysurprise,Ashleyinsistedonreportingthe"DeerfieldStolePerry“story.

OnThursday,thepapercameoutwiththeheadline"Bye-Bye,Perry“onthefrontpage.

参考答案

1.答案：A

解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Visitorscantryhikingorcyclingupthemountains.（游客

可以尝试徒步旅行或骑自行车上山）”可知，惠斯勒推荐活跃的旅行者骑车上山。故选

Ao

2.答案：D

解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“Meanwhile,havingacarwillallowyouthefreedomto

exploretopattractionslikeWhistlerTrainWreckandAlexanderFallswithouthavingto

spendalotofcashonacab.（时，拥有一辆车可以让你自由地探索像惠斯勒火车残骸和亚

历山大瀑布这样的顶级景点，而不必花很多钱打车厂可知,WhistlerTrainWreck最受游客

欢迎。故选D。

3.答案：B

解析：细节理解题。根据最后一短“Whistler'swildernessishometomanyblackand

grizzlybears.Keepyourdistanceanddonotfeedthem.（惠斯勒的荒野是许多黑熊和灰熊的

家园。保持距离，不要喂它们）''可知，旅客在惠斯勒禁止喂灰熊。故选B。

4.答案：D

解析：推理判断题。根据第一段1usedtobelievethatonlywordscouldcatchtheessence

ofthehumansoul.Theliteraryworkscontainedsuchdistinctstoriesthattheyshapedtheway

wesawtheworld.Wordswerewhatcomposedthequestionswesoughttouncoverandthe

answerstothosequestionsthemselves.（我曾经相信，只有语言才能捕捉到人类灵魂的本

质。文学作品包含了如此独特的故事,它们塑造了我们看待世界的方式。文字构成了我

们试图揭示的问题,以及这些问题本身的答案）可推知，在第一段作者主要强调了语言的

表达力量，故选Do

5.答案：B

解析：推理判断题。根据第五段Therewassomethingmysteriousbutfascinatingaboutthe

equation.Theleftsidewasunchangeable,objective:itcontainedanumberthatended.Onthe

rightwassomethingendless,numberrepeatingitselflimitlesstimes.Yet,somehow,thesetwo

opposedthingswereconnectedbyanequalsign.（这个方程式神秘而迷人。左边是不变

的、客观的:里面有一个没有尽头的数字。右边是无穷无尽的东西，数字无限重复。然而,

不知怎么的，这两个相反的东西被一个等号连接起来了）可知,作者觉得这个等式很迷人,

因为数字虽然不同,但是却被等号连接起来了。由此推知，让作者觉得这个等式迷人的是

两个不同的数相等的方式。故选B。

6.答案：C

解析：词句猜测题。根据划线词下文Theleftsideoftheequationrepresentsthat

sometimeslifeitselfissounchangeableandsoclear.Theconcrete,wholenumberoftheday

whenyouwerebornandthedaywhenyouwoulddie.Butthenthereisthatgapinbetween

lifeanddeath.（等式的左边表示有时候生命本身是如此的不可改变，如此的清晰。你出生

的日期和你死亡的日期的具体整数。但是生与死之间有一段距离）可知，作者躺在床上思

考的是这个等式与我们的存在是多么相似，划线词paralleled的意思是”与…•十分相似”,

和mirrored意思相近,A.Measured.测量;B.Composed.组成;C.Mirrored.与…十分相

似;D.Infuenced.影响。故选C。

7.答案：A

解析：标题归纳题。通读全文,尤其是第四段Myteacheransweredmyquestionby

presentinganotherequation（等式）:1=0.9,whichcouldalsobeexpressedas

1=0.99999repeatingitselfwithouteverending.（我的老师给出了另一个等式:1=0.9,也可

以表示为1=0.99999.…不断重复，没有尽头）和第五段Therewassomethingmysteriousbut

fascinatingabouitheequation.Theleftsidewasunchangeable,objective:itcontaineda

numberthatended.Ontherightwassomethingendless,numberrepeatingitselflimitless

times.Yet,somehow,thesetwoopposedthingswereconnectedbyanequalsign.（这个等式神

秘而迷人。左边是不变的、客观的:里面有一个没有尽头右边是无穷无尽的东西,数字无

限重的数字。复。然而，不知怎么的，这两个相反的东西被一个等号连接起来了）可知，本

文主要讲的是作者在数学课上学了一个等式后的一些感悟。由此可知，最恰当的标题是

A选项“ThePerfectEquation（完美的等式）故选A。

8.答案：D

解析：推理判断题。根据第二段"DevelopmentapsychologistSusanEngelnotesthat

curiositydefineda.*'spontaneous（发的）“investigationandeagernessfornewinformation-

dropsdramaticallyinchildrenbythefourthgrade.（发展心理学家SusanEngel指出，到四年

级时，被定义为“自发”调查的好奇心和对新信息的渴望会急剧下降。）可知，四年级学生

的常见问题是他们的学习欲望急剧下降。故选D。

9.答案：D

解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“Children'squestions,particularlythoseabout"why"and

“how'supportthedevelopmentofcausalmechanismswhichcanbeusedtohelptheirday-to-

dayreasoning.（孩子们的问题，特别是那些关于“为什么”和“如何”的问题，支持因果机制的

发展，可以用来帮助他们的日常推理。）可知，从第4段可以推断出儿童的因果机制是通

过孩子们的提问发展起来的。故选D。

10.答案:B

解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Inthebook,Wonder,Keilshowsthatwecansupport

children'songoingwonderbyplayinggameswiththenaspartners,encouragingquestion­

asking,andfocusingontheirabilitiestoreasonandconclude.（在Wonderi文本书中,Keil告

诉我们，我们可以通过和孩子们一起玩游戏,鼓励他们提问，关注他们推理和总结的能力,

来支持孩子们持续的惊奇。）“可知，根据Kei的说法，父母可以通过欢迎孩子们问问题来

支持孩子们不断的惊奇，故选Bo

11.答案：A

解析：推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是倒数第段“Inthebook,Wonder,Keilshowsthatwe

cansupporchildren'songoingwonderbyplayinggameswiththemaspartners,encouraging

question-asking,andfocusingontheirabilitiestoreasonandconclude.（在Wonderi文本书

中,Keil告诉我们,我们可以通过和孩子们-起玩游戏，鼓励他们提问,关注他们推理和总结

的能力，来支持孩子们持续的惊奇。）”可知，本文主要介绍的是Wonder这本书的主要内

容，因此这本丰是书评，故选A。

12.答案：B

解析：推理判断题。根据第一段"Eachyear,theworldlosesabout10millionhectaresof

forest—atareaaboutthesizeofIceland—becauseofcuttingdowntrees.Atthatrate,some

scientistspredicttheworld'sforestscoulddisappearin100to200years.Tohandleit,now

researchersatMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology（MIT）havepioneeredatechniqueto

generatewood-likeplantmaterialssinalab.（由于砍伐树木,世界每年损失约1000万公

顷的森林——面积约为冰岛的大小。一些科学家预测，按照这个速度，世界上的森林

可能会在100到200年内消失。为了解决这个问题，麻省理工学院的研究人员开创了

一种技术，在实验室里制造出类似木材的植物材料。）”可知，麻省理工学院的研究人

员进行这项研究是为了减少树木损失。故选B。

13.答案：D

解析：主旨大意题。根据第二段“Inthelab,theresearchersfirsttakecellsfromtheleaves

ofayoungplant.Thesecellsareculturedinliquidmediumfortwodays,thenmovedto

anothermediumwhichcontainsnutrientsandtwodifferenthormones（激素）.Byadjusting

thebomnonelevels,theresearcherscantunethephysicalandmechanicalqualitiesofthecells:

Newtheresearchersusea3Dprintertoshapethecell-basedmaterial,andlettheshaped

materialgrowinthedarkforthreemonths.Finally,theresearchersdehydrate（使脱水）the

material,andthenevaluateitsqualities.（在实验室里，研究人员首先从幼小植物的叶子上

提取细胞。这些细胞在液体培养基中培养两天，然后转移到另一种含有营养物质和两

种不同激素的培养基中。通过调节激素水平，研究人员可以调整细胞的物理和机械质

量:新的研究人员使用3D打印机来塑造细胞材料，并让成型的材料在黑暗中生长三个

月。最后，研究人员将材料脱水，然后评估其质量。）”可知，第二段主要告诉我们关

于实验室研究的主要过程。故选D。

14.答案：C

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Theyfoundthatlowerhormonelevelsleadtoplant

materialswithmorerounded,opencellsoflowerdensity（密度）,whilehigherhormone

levelscontributetothegrowthofplantmaterialswithsmallerbutdensercellstructures.

Lowerorhigherdensityofcellstructuresmakestheplantmaterialssofterormorerigid,

helpingthematerialsgrowwithdifferentwood-likecharacteristics.（他们发现，较低的激素

水平会导致植物材料的细胞更圆、更开放，密度更低，而较高的激素水平会导致植物

材料的细胞结构更小，但密度更大。细胞结构的密度或高或低，使植物材料更柔软或

更坚硬，帮助材料生长出不同的类木特性。）“可知，激素水平影响植物材料的硬度。

故选C。

15.答案：C

解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thistechnologycanbetunedtomeettherequirements

yougiveaboutshapes,sizes,rigidity,andforms.Itenablesustogrow'anywoodenproduct

inawaythattraditionalagriculturalmethodscan'tachieve.（该技术可以调整以满足您对形

状、大小、刚性和形式的要求。它使我们能够以传统农业方法无法实现的方式种植任

何木制品。）“可知，Berenstain认为这项研究具有开创性是因为它革新了制作木制品的

方法。故选C。

16.答案：E;F;G;A;D

解析：①根据后文"It'smoreaboutexpressingIfeelingsemotionsandideas.（它更多的是表

达感觉情感和想法。户并结合常识可知，该句的主题是抽象艺术，因此可推知，设空句的主

题也应是抽象艺术，以衔接呼应后文的"t"。选项E"Incontrastbstractartfocuseslesson

realisticappearances（相比之下，抽象艺术较少关注现实的外观）''提出了主题''抽象艺术”,

呼应“t”,同时“ncontrast”可与前文构成对比关系，前后衔接紧密。故选E项

②根据前文“TaketheMonaLisa,forexamplit'sarealisticpaintingofaladywitha

mysteriousmile.（以《蒙娜丽莎》为例，这是一幅现实主义画,画的是一位带着神秘微笑的

女士。）”可知，设空句应对这个《蒙娜丽莎》的举例进行总结，并体现现实主义艺术的特

点。选项F“Artworkslikethistellstoriesabouthistoryandeverydaylife（像这样的艺术品

讲述了历史和日常生活的故事）''中"Artworkslikethis”指代前文的《蒙娜丽莎》，且讲述

了现实主义艺术的特点,与后文“helpingustolearnaboutthepast（帮助我们了解过去）“在

内容上衔接紧密。故选F项。

③根据前文“Unlikerealisticart,abstractartImoreaboutbeingcreative.（与现实主义艺术

不同，抽象艺术更注重创造性。户可知，该段在讲述抽象艺术的特点。设空句承接前文，应

是对抽象艺术的特点“创造性”进行进一步解释。选项Artistshavethefreedomtogo

beyondreal-liferepresentations（艺术家有超越现实生活表现的自由）"中''超越现实生活表

现的自由''即为前文提及的“创造性”的进一步解释，同时呼应后文“Theyuseshapes,colors

andpatternstoexpressfeelingsandideas.（他们用形状、颜色和图案来表达感情和想

法。）”的"不同形状，颜色和图案”，前后衔接紧密。故选G项。

④设空句为该段的首句，应是该段的中心主旨句。根据后文“Realisticartneedsprecision

indrawingorsculptingtomakethingslookreal.Abstractartrequiresimaginationtouse

shapesandcolorsinneww