上海市闵行区七宝中学2017-2018学年高二上学期期中英语试题

上海市七宝中学2017学年高二第一学期英语期中考试II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagesbelowfillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.SwimmingwaytosuccessWhatdoesittaketograduatefromauniversity?Many___1___sayallyouhavetodoistakeclassesandpasstheexams.Well,itrequiresmorethanitifyou’reastudentatTsinghuaUniversity.StartingthisSeptember,freshmenattheuniversitywillhavetotakeswimmingcourses.Iftheyfailaswimmingtestatthebeginningoftheiruniversitycourse,theywon’treceivetheirdegree___2___theycanpassthetestsuccessfully,accordingtoanannouncementbyTsinghuaUniversitypresidentQiuYong.Exceptions___3___(allow)forstudentswithcertainphysicalormentalconditions,ifprovedbymedicalstaff.LiuBo,headoftheDivisionofSportsScienceandPhysicalEducation,explained___4___theuniversityislinkingswimmingabilitywithdegrees.“Asarequisite(必要的)survivalskill,swimmingisbeneficialforstudentsinthelongrun,sinceswimmingishelpfulinimprovingstudents’enduranceandis___5___(harmful)tojoints(关节)andmusclesasawatersport,”hetoldChinaDaily.Viewingtheability____6____(swim)asamustforstudentsisnotsomethingnewtothisuniversityitwasalsoarequirementintheearly20thcentury.Itwaslaterdropped___7___arisingnumberofstudentsandalackoffacilities.BesidesTsinghuaUniversity,PekingUniversityandXiamenUniversityhavealsolistedswimmingasapulsorycourseforstudents.However,theannouncementhascausedaheateddebate.Someweledthenewrule,sayingit’sanecessaryskillthatcansavelives.“Swimmingisafundamental(基本的)skill.It’sawaytostayhealthyandislifesavinginemergencysituations.Ibelievemaking____8____mandatory(强制的)isnecessary,”YuanJiaxiang,ajuniorinTsinghua’sDepartmentofCivilEngineering,toldChinaDaily.However,somesaidithasnothingtodowithgettingadegree.“It’snotreasonabletorequirepeopletobeabletoswimforthemtograduate,”ZhengXiaoyu,ahighschoolstudentfromtheMiddleSchoolAffiliatedtoNorthernJiaotongUniversity,toldChinaDaily.“Foralotofpeoplewhogrewupininlandcities,learninghowtoswimasanadultwillbedifficult.”Infact,Chineseuniversitiesarenottheonlyeducationorganizations___9___encouragetheirstudentstoswim.AfewcollegesintheUnitedStatesincludingCornell,ColumbiaandMITofferswimclassestostudents.“Anything___10___(prevent)peoplefromdyingneedlesslyisavaluableskill,”FredDeBruyn,directorofaquatics(水上运动)atCornell,toldTheNewYorkTimes.【答案】1.may/might2.until3.willbeallowed4.why5.lessharmful6.toswim7.dueto/becauseof/owingto8.it9.that10.preventing【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍游泳成功之道。【1题详解】考查情态动词。句意：许多人可能会说，你所要做的就是上课并通过考试。此处指不是很确定，故填may/might。【2题详解】考查notuntil引导时间状语从句。句意：据清华大学校长邱勇宣布，如果他们在大学课程开始时的游泳考试中不及格，那么他们只有通过考试才能获得学位。按照句义，他们将得不到他们的学位除非能成功通过考试，所以这里是not...until...“直到才”引导的时间状语从句。故填until。【3题详解】考查一般将来时态的被动语态。句意：有一定身体或精神状况的学生，经医务人员证明，可以例外。首先确定本句没有谓语，应该是谓语动词，然后是例外会被允许，最后确定if条件状语从句中的主将从现，所以用一般将来时态的被动语态。故填willbeallowed。【4题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：体育科学与教育部部长刘波解释了为什么学校将游泳能力与学位联系起来。解释之后应该是解释为什么，所以是why引导的宾语从句。故填why。【5题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：游泳作为一项必不可少的生存技能，从长远来看对学生是有益的，因为作为一项水上运动，游泳有助于提高学生的耐力，对关节和肌肉的伤害较小。这里在讲游泳的好处，所以应是harmful的降级比较级lessharmfultojointsandmusles，故填lessharmful。【6题详解】考查动词不定式做后置定语。句意：将游泳能力视为学生必须具备的能力，这对这所大学来说并不新鲜——在20世纪初，这也是一种要求。固定搭配：theabilitytodosth,做某事的能力。故填toswim。【7题详解】考查固定短语。句意：后来，由于学生人数的增加和设施的缺乏，这个项目被取消了。这件事情后来被放下了，由于......原因，所以填dueto/becauseof/owingto。【8题详解】考查代词it。句意：我认为强制执行是必要的。这里是it作making的宾语，把这件事变为强制的是很必要的，it代指游泳。故填it。【9题详解】考查定语从句。句意：事实上，中国的大学并不是唯一鼓励学生游泳的教育机构。此处organizations是先行词，指物，后面的定语从句缺主语和引导词，理论上应该用that/which引导定语从句,但是前面有theonly修饰先行词,所以只能填that。【10题详解】考查现在分词作后置定语。句意：任何防止人们无谓死亡的方法都是一种宝贵的技能。句子中已经有谓语动词is，所以这里应是非谓语动词，“任何阻止人们死亡的事情”是主动，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填doing。SectionBADirections:pletethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.Ifyoucan’tseemtocatchenoughZ’sduringtheweek,you’renotalone.Butbadthingshappentoyourbodywhenyou’resleepdeprived,notleastofwhichisweightgain.Well,here’ssomegoodnews:Sleepinginontheweekendtomakeupforsleeplostduringtheweekis____11____withlowerbodymassindex(BMI),accordingtoastudypublishedintheOxfordUniversityPressjournalSleep.Theresearchers,acollaborationofscientistsbasedinBoston,Massachusetts,andtheRepublicofKorean,soughttodetermineifwhattheyrefertoas“catchupsleep”____12____bodymassindex(BMI)inthegeneralpopulation.Todoso,theyconductedfacetofaceinterviewsofarandomsamplingof2,156adults,paringtheirsleephabitswiththeirBMIscores.The932participantswhosleptin–“catchupsleepers”(peoplewhosleeplongerontheweekendthanonweekdaysbyapproximatelytwohours)hada(n)____13____lowerBMIthantheothersubjects.What’smore,everyadditionalhourofcatchupsleepwaslinkedwithadecreaseinBMI.Astowhysleepinginonweekendscanleadtoweightloss,oneofthestudycoauthors,RobertThomas,MD,MMSc,oftheDivisionofPulmonary,CriticalCareandSleepMedicine,DepartmentofMedicineattheBethIsraelDeaconessMedicalCenterinBoston,___14___Reader’sDigestofthe“substantial(大量的)experimentalandepidemiological(流行病学的)datathatshortsleepcontributestoweightgain.”Henotes,“ourbest___15___asresearchersarethattherearebalancestobekept,andthebodycanadjustand___16___withinreason.Catchupsleepallowsthebasicbalancetobemaintained.”AlthoughthestudyshowedsignificantdifferencesinBMIwiththe____17____oftwoormorehoursofcatchupsleep,Dr.Thomaspointsoutthatthereare“substantialindividualdifferences,”suchthatthebenefitwegetfromthoseextrahourswillvary____18____onhowmuchsleepeachofusgenerallyneeds.“Todetermineyouroptionalsleep,youcantrackthetimespentsleepingonnightswhenthereisnoneedtowakeuptoanalarm,”suggestsLizaBaker,ahealthcoachatSimplyHealthCoaching.Thattellsyouabouthowmanyhoursofsleepyourbodylikestoget,sinceit___19___greatlyacrossthepopulation,fromjust4to5hoursto9to10hours.Socanyouactuallylostweightbysleepinginontheweekend?Onlyifyou’repayingoffasleep___20___fromtheweek,accordingtotheresultofthisstudy.Ithelpsifyou’realsoeatingless,Dr.Thomasadds.【答案】11.AD12.A13.AB14.B15.BD16.ABC17.CD18.BC19.D20.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。当你睡眠不足时，你的身体会发生不好的事情，尤其是体重增加。周末睡个懒觉来弥补工作日的睡眠不足会降低身体质量指数(BMI)。文章介绍了研究人员对“周末补觉”的研究结果。【11题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：周末睡个懒觉来弥补工作日的睡眠不足会降低身体质量指数(BMI)。首先可以判断该空填形容词，根据句义可知：周末补觉会降低BMI，结合前后be…with,联想到固定搭配beassociatedwith,所以该空填ADassociated，联系，与……有关。【12题详解】考查名词复数。句意：研究人员是来自美国马萨诸塞州波士顿和韩国的科学家合作的，他们试图确定所谓的“补眠”是否会影响一般人群的身体质量指数(BMI)。首先可以判断该空填名词，根据句义可知：研究人员希望判断出所谓的“补觉”能否影响大部分人的BMI，所以填A.impacts，影响。【13题详解】考查副词。句意：932名“补眠者”(周末比平日多睡约两个小时的人)的BMI明显低于其他受试者。首先可以判断该空填副词修饰形容词lower，然后根据句义可知填ABsignificantly，较大程度上。【14题详解】考查一般过去时态。首先可以判断该空填动词，根据句义：周末补觉可以减肥这件事使人联想到缺觉导致增肥，所以填B.reminded，使人联想到。【15题详解】考查动词。句意：作为研究人员，我们最好的估计是要保持平衡，身体可以在合理范围内调整和适应。首先可以判断该空填名词，根据句义判断填BD,estimates估计。【16题详解】考查动词。句意：作为研究人员，我们最好的估计是要保持平衡，身体可以在合理范围内调整和适应。首先可以判断该空填动词原形，根据句义可知填ABCadapt适应。【17题详解】考查名词。句意：尽管研究显示，在补眠两小时或更长时间后，身体质量指数(BMI)会有显著差异，但托马斯博士指出，“个体之间存在显著差异”首先可以判断该空填名词，根据句义说额外睡了2小时的BMI差异，所以填CDaddition，额外，增加。【18题详解】考查现在分词作伴随状语。句意：因此，我们从这些额外的时间中得到的好处将取决于我们每个人通常需要多少睡眠。首先可以判断该空填动词，根据句意：额外睡眠的好处根据没人总体所需睡眠时间而不同，所以填BCdepending，取决于。【19题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这告诉你你的身体需要多少小时的睡眠，因为它在人群中变化很大，从4到5小时到9到10小时。首先可以判断该空填一个动词，根据句义：个人所需睡眠时间因人而异，所以填D.varies，不同。【20题详解】考查名词。句意：那么，周末睡懒觉真的能减肥吗?根据这项研究的结果表明，只有当你从一周中偿还了睡眠债的时候才能减肥。首先可以判断该空填名词，前文有payoff，所以填C.debt，还债。BDirections:pletethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.GohitechthisholidayIfyou’vebeensearchingforareasontopickupthatlatestgadget,thenwhatbettertimethanChristmas?There’snoshortageofinnovative,forwardthinkingandfuturisticproductsonthemarkettoday,astechnologytakescenterstageonmanypeople’sfestivewishlists.Here,weofferafestivegadget(小玩意)___21___thatwillhelpyoutakeacloserlookatthreeoftech’shottestcategories.VirtualrealityVRProbablythemostexcitingtechdevelopmentofrecenttimes,virtualreality(VR)hasarrived,withenoughoptions___22___totheconsumerwho’ssearchingforanextradoseofhightechfunthisChristmas.ThecheapestwaytogetahighendVRexperienceescourtesyofSony.ItsPlayStationVRdoesn’trequireatrickedoutPCorexpensivephoneitworkswiththePlaystation4consoleandeswithafewgreatgamesinitslibrary.Therearesomeaccessoriesyoucanpurchaseto___23___theexperience,butifyou’vealreadygotaPS4youcanentertheworldofVRforjust$400(2780yuan).2016hasbeentheyearofVRandassuchmany___24___toSony’screationexist.HighendofferingsliketheHTCViveandOculusRift,aswellasmobileoptionslikeSamsung’sGearVR,willgetyourheadinthegame.Wirelessheadphones___25___easeofusewiththeabilitytomovefreelyaroundyourhome,gymorworkplace,wirelessheadphonesjustmakesense.Andthereareplentyofviable(可行的)optionsto____26____anybudget.TheBoseQuietfort35wirelessheadphonesaredefinitelyworthatestdrive,though.Thefullsize,aroundearBluetoothheadphones___27___activenoisecancellationanddoubleasaheadsetformakingphonecalls.They’veevenearnedtheEditor’sChoiceawardatCnetandcanbesnappedupforlessthan$400online.BeatshasworkeditswayfirmlyintothemarketanditsStudioWirelessheadphonesareapopularchoice,especiallyasyoucannowfindthemmuchcheaperthantheir___28___$379askingpricebysearchingaroundonline.DigitalcamerasWhileyourphoneisaworthysidekick,there’sno____29____forarealcamerawhenitestotakingtheperfectpicture.Andthesedaysyoucangetqualityspecificationsinapackagethat’salmostassmallasyoursmartphone.ThesleekdesignoftheFujifilmX70,$699(4,850yuan),makesittheperfectpanion,oryoucouldgoretrowiththeOlympusPENF($1,200)thatoffersoldschoollooksalongsidecuttingedgetechnology.Domestically,it’sworthcheckingoutXiaomi’smirrorlessYiM1foramore___30___option.Withahighend20megapixelsensorandtheabilitytohostmultiplelenses,it’savailablefromjust2,199yuan.【答案】21.AC22.AD23.BD24.BC25.ABC26.AB27.B28.CD29.D30.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍三种最流行的科技发明。【21题详解】考查名词。首先可以判断该空填名词，根据句义可知：这里我们提供一个节日小玩意指导，它能够帮助你更仔细看看三种最流行的科技发明，所以该空填AC.guide，指导，说明。【22题详解】考查形容词。首先可以判断该空填形容词，根据句义可知：VR能充分提供消费者选择，所以填AD.available，可获得的。【23题详解】考查动词。句意：你可以购买一些配件来增加体验，但如果你已经有了一台PS4，你只需花400美元(2780元人民币)就可以进入VR世界。首先可以判断该空填动词原形，purchasetodosth.然后根据句义可知填BD.enhance，促近，提升。【24题详解】考查名词。句意：2016年是虚拟现实的一年，有许多替代索尼产品的产品。首先可以判断该空填名词，根据句义下面举例其他品牌的VR，所以填BC.alternative，可供选择的东西。【25题详解】考查现在分词作原因状语。句意：无线耳机结合了易用性和在家中、健身房或工作场所自由移动的能力，非常有意义。首先可以判断该空填非谓语动词，句子主语wirelessheadphones和谓语动词bine之间是主动关系，是现在分词作原因状语，根据句义判断填ABCbining，结合，与介词with连用。【26题详解】考查动词。句意：而且有很多可行的选择来满足任何预算。首先可以判断该空填动词原形，此处是动词不定式作后置定语，小品词to已给出，根据句义可知填AB.suit，适合。【27题详解】考查动词。句意：全尺寸环绕耳朵的蓝牙耳机具有主动噪音消除和双重耳机通话功能。首先可以判断该空填动词，根据句义说蓝牙耳机的特色功能，所以填B.feature，以...为特色。28题详解】考查形容词。句意：Beats已经牢牢地打入了这个市场，它的StudioWireless耳机是一个很受欢迎的选择，尤其是现在你可以在网上搜索，发现它比原来的379美元要价要便宜得多。首先可以判断该空填形容词，所以填CD.original，最初的。【29题详解】考查名词。句意：虽然你的是个好帮手，但要拍出完美的照片，没有什么能代替真正的相机。首先可以判断该空填一个名词，根据句义：没有代替真正相机的方法，所以填D.substitute，代替。【30题详解】考查形容词。句意：在美国国内，小米的无反光镜YiM1值得一试，价格更实惠。首先可以判断该空填形容词，前文有more形容词的比较级，所以填A.affordable，付得起的。III.ReadingprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Truthbetold,alifechangingcollegeexperiencedoesn’tbeginorendwithahighGPAorgreatuniversitytour.Andalthoughparentsandteachersalikeworkdiligentlytopreptheirstudentswiththecuttingedgeclassesandimpressivetranscripts,they’re___31___onevitalskill:emotionalintelligence.Apollof1,502firstyearcollegestudentsintheU.S.foundthatamajorityofthemwishtheyhadreceivedmore____32____preparationforcollege.Emotionalpreparednessis____33____“theabilitytotakecareofoneself,adapttonewenvironments,___34___negativeemotionsorbehaviorandbuildpositiverelationship,”accordingtothesurvey.“Surveydataindicatethatcollegereadinessrequiresfarmorethanjustasolidacademicfoundation–afindgthatseems____35____conventionalhighereducationpreparation,saidJohnMacPhee,ExecutiveDirectoroftheJedFoundation,whichcosponsoredthesurvey.“Itisclearthatemotionalpreparednessshouldbebetter___36___theworkthathighschoolmunitiesaredoingtoguidestudentsthroughthetransitionintocollege.”Datashowthatcollegestudents___37___farmorethantheiracademics–andtheirstresscantakeaserioustoll(代价)ontheir___38___inschool.Fortypercentofsurveyparticipantsfeltpressuretopayforcollegeexpenses,followedby30percentwhosaidtheirbiggest___39___wastomakenewfriends.___40___,keepingintouchwithfamilyandfriendsnotattheircollege(28percent)andbeingindependent(16percent)alsoweighedheavilyoncollegestudnets’shoulders.Allofthese___41___hadanegativeimpactinsideandoutsideoftheclassroom.Studentswhofeltlessemotionallypreparedforcollegeweremorelikelytohavealowergradepointaverage,regularly____42____drugsand/oralcohol,andratetheiroverallcollegeexperienceasterribleorpoor.“Ashighschoolseniorsstartapplyingtocollegearoundthistimeofyear,parentsandpeople____43____intheirlivescanplayanimportantroleinhelpingchildrenbuildconfidenceandlifeskills,saidMarisaGiarnellaPorco,CoFounder,PresidentandChiefExecutiveOfficeroftheJordanPorcoFoundation,asurveycosponsor.“Itisimportantto___44___themtochooseacollegethatbestfitstheirneedsfirstandforemost–notonlyina(n)___45___sense,butalsorelativetoemotionalneeds.”Thankfully,whetheryourchildispackingupforschoolthisfallorstillindiapers,it’snevertoolate(ortooearly!)tobeginpreppingthemforuniversitylife.Here’swhatparentsshoulddotohelptheircollegeboundkid,startingnow.31.A.mastering B.employing C.forgetting D.preparing32.A.emotional B.careful C.prehensive D.active33.A.paredwith B.appliedto C.adjustedto D.definedas34.A.arouse B.control C.display D.hide35.A.shortof B.strictwith C.contraryto D.proudof36.A.remindedof B.binedwith C.focusedon D.devotedto37.A.dependon B.worryabout C.referto D.respondto38.A.performances B.grades C.subjects D.requirements39.A.mistake B.decision C.event D.challenge40.A.Otherwise B.Thus C.Besides D.However41.A.pressures B.benefits C.behaviors D.thoughts42.A.market B.ban C.consume D.produce43.A.aggressive B.influential C.mysterious D.modest44.A.support B.guide C.warn D.mand45.A.good B.keen C.academic D.delicate【答案】31.C32.A33.D34.B35.C36.B37.B38.A39.D40.C41.A42.C43.B44.B45.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。说实话，改变人生的大学生活并不是以高绩点或精彩的大学之旅开始或结束。尽管家长和老师都在努力为学生准备最先进的课程和令人印象深刻的成绩单，他们却忘记了一项重要的技能:情商。【31题详解】考查动词。句意：尽管家长和老师都在努力为学生准备最先进的课程和令人印象深刻的成绩单，他们却忘记了一项重要的技能:情商。A.mastering精通；B.employing雇佣；C.forgetting忘记；D.preparing准备。前句“他们忘了一个重要的技能”，所以本句的答案对应的是：“forgetting”。故选C项。【32题详解】考查形容词。句意：一项针对1502名美国大一新生的调查发现，大多数人都希望自己能对大学生活有更多的情感准备。A.emotional情感的；B.careful细心的；C.prehensive综合的。D.Active积极的。本句的意思是“大部分学术需要情感上的准备”,所以本句答案应该是“情感的”。故选A项。【33题详解】考查固定词组。句意：情感准备被定义为“照顾自己、适应新环境、控制负面情绪或行为以及建立积极关系的能力”。A.paredwith与相比较；B.appliedto应用；C.adjustedto调整；D.definedas被定义为。根据上下文，应选择“被定义为”。故选D项。【34题详解】考查动词。句意：情感准备被定义为“照顾自己、适应新环境、控制负面情绪或行为以及建立积极关系的能力”。A.arouse引起，唤醒；B.control控制；C.display显示，表现；D.hide躲藏。根据前文，意为“控制负面情感”。故选B项。【35题详解】考查短语。句意：调查数据表明，大学的准备工作不仅需要坚实的学术基础，这一调查结果似乎与传统的高等教育准备相反。A.shortof缺乏，短缺；B.strictwith对某人严格；C.contraryto与相反；D.proudof因而自豪。根据上下文，“与...相对的是”。故选C项。【36题详解】考查动词短语。句意：很明显，情感准备应该更好地与高中社区为引导学生过渡到大学所做的工作相结合。A.remindedof提醒；B.binedwith联合；C.focusedon集中于；D.devotedto致力于。根据上下文，本句的意思是“情感准备需要更好的把...与工作相结合”。故选B项。【37题详解】考查动词词组。句意：数据显示，大学生担心的远不止学业，他们的压力会严重影响他们在学校的表现。A.dependon依赖，依靠；B.worryabout担忧；C.referto参考，涉及；D.respondto回应。根据下文学生的压力判断出应选择“担心”。故选B项。【38题详解】考查名词。句意：数据显示，大学生担心的远不止学业，他们的压力会严重影响他们在学校的表现。A.performances演出；B.grades等级，分数；C.subjects学科，科目；D.requirements要求。根据上下文，本句的意思是学生在校的成绩，即“学业的表现”。故选A项。【39题详解】考查名词。句意：40%的调查参与者感到支付大学费用的压力，30%的人说他们最大的挑战是结交新朋友。A.mistake错误；B.decision决定；C.event事件；D.challenge挑战。根据上下文，本句的意思是“最大的挑战是结交朋友”。故选D项。【40题详解】考查副词。句意：此外，与不在学校的家人和朋友保持联系(28%)和保持独立(16%)也是大学生的沉重负担。A.Otherwise否则，另外；B.Thus因此；C.Besides此外；D.However然而。副词besides承接上下文，表示“此外”。故选C项。【41题详解】考查名词。句意：所有这些压力都对课堂内外产生了负面影响。A.pressures压力；B.benefits利益；C.behaviors行为，举止；D.thoughts想法。根据上下文，本句的意思是：“所有的这些压力对...有负面影响”。故选A项。【42题详解】考查动词。句意：那些对上大学没做好心理准备的学生更有可能有较低的平均绩点，经常服用毒品和/或酒精，并把他们的大学生活整体评价为糟糕。A.market做买卖；B.ban禁止；C.consume消耗；D.produce生产。根据上下文，本句的意思是：“经常消费(购买)毒品和/或酒”。故选C项。【43题详解】考查形容词。句意：高中毕业生在每年的这个时候开始申请大学，父母和在他们生活中有影响力的人可以在帮助孩子建立信心和生活技能方面发挥重要作用。A.aggressive好斗的；B.influential有影响的；C.mysterious神秘的；D.modest谦虚的。根据上下文，本句的意思是：“家长和人们的影响”。故选B项。【44题详解】考查动词。句意：指导他们选择最适合自己需要的大学是很重要的——不仅在学术上，而且在情感上。A.support支持；B.guide指导；C.warn警告；D.mand命令。根据后文“指引他们去选择最适合的大学”。故选B项。【45题详解】考查形容词。句意：指导他们选择最适合自己需要的大学是很重要的——不仅在学术上，而且在情感上。A.good好的；B.keen渴望的，热心的；C.academic学术的；D.delicate精美的，雅致的。“academicsense”意为“学术意识”。故选C项。【点睛】在做完形填空时一定要注意and/but/so/besides/however/furthermore/moreover/inaddition/what’smore/though等词汇、固定结构的运用。它们连接了上下文，起着承上启下的作用。像but（但是）、however（然而），表示转折，这说明前后的内容相反或相对。把握住这一点，做起题来就会得心应手。本题第10小题，句意：此外，与不在学校的家人和朋友保持联系(28%)和保持独立(16%)也是大学生的沉重负担。A.Otherwise否则，另外；B.Thus因此；C.Besides此外；D.However然而。副词besides承接上下文，表示“此外”。故选C项。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.AElNino,aSpanishtermfor“theChristchild”,wasnamedbySouthAmericanfishermanwhonoticedthattheglobalweatherpattern,whichhappenseverytwotosevenyears,reducedtheamountoffishescaughtaroundChristmas.ElNinoseeswarmwater,collectedoverseveralyearsinthewesternPacific,flowbackeastwardswhenwindsthatnormallyblowwestwardsweaken,orsometimestheotherwayround.Theweathereffectsbothgoodandbad,arefeltinmanyplaces.RichcountriesgainmorefrompowerfulNino,onbalance,thantheylose.AstudyfoundthatastrongNinoin1997helpedAmerican’seconomygrowby15billion,partlybecauseofbetteragriculturalharvest,farmersintheMidwestgainedfromextrarain.Thetotalriseinagriculturalinrichcountriesingrowththanthefallinpoorones.ButinIndonesiaextremelydryforestsareinflames.Amultiyeardrought(干旱）insoutheastBrazilisbeingworse.ThoughheavyrainsbroughtaboutbyElNinomayrelievethedroughtinCalifornia,theyarelikelytocausesurfacefloodingandotherdisasters.ThemostrecentpowerfulNino,in199798,killedaround21,000peopleandcauseddamageworth$36billionaroundtheglobe.ButsuchNinosewithmonthsofwarning,andsomuchisknownabouthowtheyhappenthatgovernmentscanprepare.AccordingtotheOverseasDevelopmentInstitute(ODI),however,just12%ofdisasterrelieffundinginthepasttwodecadeshasgoneonreducingrisksinadvance,ratherthanrecoveryandrebuildingafterwards.Thisisdespiteevidencethatadollarspentonriskreductionsavesatleasttwoonreconstruction.Simpleimprovementstoinfrastructure(基础设施）canreducethespreadofdisease.Bettersewers(下水道）makeitlesslikelythatheavyrainisfollowedbyanoutbreakofthediseaseofbadstomach.Strongerbridgesmeanvillagesarelesslikelytobeleftwithoutfoodandmedicineafterfloods.Accordingtoapaperin2011byMrHsiangandcoauthors,civilconflictisrelatedtoElNino’sharmfuleffects—andthepoorerthecountry,thestrongerthelink.Thoughtherelationshipmaynotbecausal,helpingdividedmunitiestopreparefordisasterswouldatleastreducetheriskthatthosedisastersarefollowedbykillingandwoundingpeople.SincethepoorestareleastlikelytomakeupfortheirlossesfromdisasterslinkedtoElNino,reducingtheirlossesneedstobethepriority.46.WhatcanwelearnaboutElNinoinParagraph1?A.ItisnamedafteraSouthAmericanfisherman.B.Ittakesplacealmosteveryyearallovertheworld.C.ItforcesfishermentostopcatchingfisharoundChristmas.D.Itseesthechangesofwaterflowdirectionintheocean.47.WhatmayElNinobringabouttothecountriesaffected?A.Agriculturalharvestsinrichcountriesfall.B.Droughtsbeemoreharmfulthanfloods.C.Richcountries’gainsaregreaterthantheirlosses.D.Poorcountriessufferlessfromdroughtseconomically.48.ThedataprovidedbyODIinParagraph4suggestthat_________.A.moreinvestmentshouldgotoriskreductionB.governmentsofpoorcountriesneedmoreaidC.victimsofElNinodeservemorepensationD.recoveryandreconstructionshouldefirst49.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.TointroduceElNinoanditsorigin.B.ToexplaintheconsequencesofElNino.C.ToshowwaysoffightingagainstElNino.D.TourgepeopletoprepareforElNino.【答案】46.D47.C48.A49.D【解析】【分析】试题分析：本文介绍了厄尔尼诺现象对地球的影响，并告诉我们政府应该做更多的投资预防厄尔尼诺的危害而不是在出现问题以后进行重新补救和恢复。【46题详解】D细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句ElNinoseeswarmwater,collectedoverseveralyearsinthewesternPacific,flowbackeastwardswhenwindsthatnormallyblowwestwardsweaken,orsometimestheotherwayround.可知厄尔尼诺现象见证了海洋中水流方向的变化。故D正确。【47题详解】C细节理解题。根据第二段第二句RichcountriesgainmorefrompowerfulNino,onbalance,thantheylose.可知富有国家从厄尔尼诺现象中得到的好处多于它带来的损失。C项正确。【48题详解】A推理判断题。根据第四段第三句AccordingtotheOverseasDevelopmentInstitute(ODI),however,just12%ofdisasterrelieffundinginthepasttwodecadeshasgoneonreducingrisksinadvance,ratherthanrecoveryandrebuildingafterwards.故A项正确。【49题详解】D主旨大意题。根据最后一句＂SincethepoorestareleastlikelytomakeupfortheirlossesfromdisasterslinkedtoElNino,reducingtheirlossesneedstobethepriority.＂各国政府要把减少损失放在优先的位置。也就是说我们要事先做好准备。故D项正确。【名师点睛】第4小题属于阅读理解中的目的意图题。作者在描述事实或传递信息时,不管他的意图是什么,其观点和态度都不可避免地在文章中反映出来｡常见的涉及到作者态度的词有褒义类词（approving,positive,optimistic,等），贬义类词(critical,pessimistic,doubtful,questioning)和中性类词(indifferent,serious,objective,concerned,neutral)。这就要求考生在阅读时应特别注意文章的措辞,尤其注意那些表达感情色彩的形容词如improving,encouraging,disappointing,ignore等，以及作者对人物语言､行为和思想的描写,从中领悟作者的写作意图和态度｡本文最后一句SincethepoorestareleastlikelytomakeupfortheirlossesfromdisasterslinkedtoElNino,reducingtheirlossesneedstobethepriority.既然最贫穷的国家最不可能从厄尔尼诺这样的灾难中得到弥补，那么我们要把减少损失放在首要位置。从本句的措辞中可以看出本文正是要敦促我们要为可能发生的厄尔尼诺做好准备。考点：考查科普说明文阅读BInspiringyoungminds！TOKNOWMagazineisabighitintheworldofchildren’spublishing,bringingauniquebinationofchallengingideasandgoodfuntoyoungfanseverymonth.WhatissospecialaboutTOKNOWmagazine?Well,ithasnoadsorpromotionsinsideinsteaditisjampackedwithseriousideas.TOKNOWmakesplexideasattractiveandaccessibletochildren,whocanbeeinvolvedinadvancedconceptsandevenphilosophyandtheywillsoondiscoverthatTOKNOWfeelsmorelikeaclubthanjustamagazine.What'sinside?Everymonththemagazineintroducesafreshnewtopicwitharticles,experimentsandcreativethingstomakethemagazinealsoexploresphilosophyandwellbeingtomakesureyoungreadershaveabalancedtakeonlife.Soundstoogoodtobetrue?Takealookonline—evidenceshowsthatthousandsofteachersandparentsknowagoodthingwhentheyseeitandremendTOKNOWtotheirfriends.HappyBirthdayAllYear！Whatcouldbemorefunthanagiftthatkeepsingthroughtheletterboxeverymonth?Thefirstmagazinewithyourgiftmessagewillarriveintimeforthespecialday.SUBSCRIBENOWAnnualSubscription(订阅)Europe￡55Restofworld￡65AnnualSubscriptionwithGiftPackIncludesaMammothMap,apassportPuzzleBooklet,andSubscriptionEurope￡60RestofWorld￡70RefundPolicythesubscriptioncanbecanceledwithin28daysandyoucangetyourmoneyback.50.WhyisTOKNOWaspecialmagazine?A.Itentertainsyoungparents. B.ItbinesfunwithplexconceptsC.Itpublishespopularsciencefictions D.Itprovidesseriousadvertisements51.WhatdoesTOKNOWofferitsreaders?A.Articlesonnewtopics B.OnlinecoursesC.Lecturesonabalancedlife D.Reportsonscientificdiscoveries52.Howmuchshouldyoupayifyoumakea12mounthsubscriptiontoTOKNOWwithgiftpackfromChina?A.￡55 B.￡60 C.￡65 D.￡70【答案】50.B51.A52.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了TOKNOW这本杂志的一些情况，介绍了内容特色、订阅价格等信息。【50题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段Well,ithasnoadsorpromotionsinsideinsteaditisjampackedwithseriousideas.TOKNOWmakesplexideasattractiveandaccessibletochildren,whocanbeeinvolvedinadvancedconceptsandevenphilosophyandtheywillsoondiscoverthatTOKNOWfeelsmorelikeaclubthanjustamagazine.可知好吧，它没有广告或促销，而是充满了严肃的想法。《TOKNOW》使复杂的思想对孩子们具有吸引力和易懂性，他们可以参与先进的概念甚至哲学——他们很快就会发现《TOKNOW》感觉更像一个俱乐部，而不只是一本杂志。由此可知，TOKNOW是一本特别的杂志，因为它结合了复杂的概念和乐趣。故选B。【51题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段Everymonththemagazineintroducesafreshnewtopicwitharticles,experimentsandcreativethingstomakethemagazinealsoexploresphilosophyandwellbeingtomakesureyoungreadershaveabalancedtakeonlife.可知每个月，杂志都会推出新的主题，包括文章、实验和创意，让杂志同时探索哲学和幸福，以确保年轻读者对生活有一个均衡的了解。由此可知，TOKNOW为读者提供了关于新主题的文章。故选A。【52题详解】细节理解题。根据AnnualSubscriptionwithGiftPack部分中Europe￡60RestofWorld￡70可知欧洲￡60；世界其他地区￡70。由此可知，如果你订阅了一个12月的《TOKNOW》，并收到了来自中国的礼盒，你该付70英镑。故选D。CSupposeyoubeealeaderinanorganization.It’sverylikelythatyou’llwanttohavevolunteerstohelpwiththeorganization’sactivities.Todoso,itshouldhelptounderstandwhypeopleundertakevolunteerworkandwhatkeepstheirinterestinthework.Let’sbeginwiththequestionofwhypeoplevolunteer.Researchershaveidentifiedseveralfactorsthatmotivatepeopletogetinvolved.Forexample,peoplevolunteertoexpresspersonalvaluesrelatedtounselfishness,toexpandtheirrang