初中英语语法被动语态

初中英语语法--被动语态

英语的语态分主动语态和被动语态两种。主动语态的主

语是动作的执行者；被动语态的主语是动作的承受者。

eg.Wemakeacar（主动句）.一Acarismadeby

us（被动句）。（主语变成by的宾语）

一、构成是：be+及物动词的过去分词。

Theworkisfinishedbyhim2）Chineseisspoken

bypeopleinChina.

二、被动语态的时态

1.一般现在时：am/is/are+过去分词eg.English

isspokenbyEnglishmen.

2,一般过去时：was/were+过去分词eg.Thema

chinesweremadeinChina.

3.一般将来时:will/shall/begoingtobe+过去分词

eg.Asportsmeetingwillbeheldinourschool

nextweek.

4.现在完成时：have/hasbeen+过去分词eg.The

workhasbeendonebythem.

5.含情态动词的被动语态：can/may/must/should

+be+过去分词（haveto也符合）

eg.Hemustfinishthework----Theworkmust

befinishedbyhim.

HehastospeakEnglish.--Englishhastobe

spokenbyhim.

三被动语态的特殊用法

1、短语动词（如：lookafter,laughat,listento,speakto,take

careof,giveup,putoff,）等作谓语，变被动语态时，要把它们看作一个

整体，其中的介词或副词不能漏掉。

eg.Welookafterthebabycarefully.---Thebabyislookedafter

carefully.

Weshouldspeaktotheoldpolitely.----Theoldshouldbespoken

topolitely

2、感官动词（see,watch,notice,hear,feel等）和不带to的不定式（let,

make,have等）变被动语态时，要加上to。

EgIsawtheboyplayinthestreet.----Theboywasseentoplayinthe

street.

Shemademestandfor45minutes.。-----1wasmadetostandfor45minutes.

Ihearhimsinging-----Heisheardsinging.（接ing的还保持ing）

3、带双宾语的句子变被动语态时，如果物作主语，通常要在人前加to,但当

动词为make,mend,buy,get,sing,cook,fetch,等时，要在人前加for

EgTheypassmealetter.----Iwaspassedaletter.或Aletteris

passedtome.

HeboughtmeabookIwasboughtabook\Abookwasboughtforme

4、当宾语后的补足语是形容词，变被动语态时，只能将宾语变为被动语态的主

语，而宾补保留在谓语后面。

EgWemustkeeptheroomclean-----Theroommustbekeptclean

四特别提醒

1）只有及物动词和及物动词短语才有被动语态，不及物动词没有被动语态如

arrive,die,,happen,takeplace,fall,rise,belongto）和感官动词

sound,feel,look等也没被动

Theaccidenthappenedin1968.Hefellintotheriver.

Thepaperfeelssofto

2）在一些固定短语中常用被动语态

Itissaid/reported/supposed/believedthat•••（据说/据报道/据

推测/有人相信……）。例如：

Itissaidthatheisadoctor.据说他是个医生。=Peoplesaythatheis

adoctor

3）主动形式表被动意义的几种情况。，（如read,act,write,sell等）

egThestory-booksellswell.这本故事书很畅销。

Thisbikerideswell.这个自行车好骑

Themachinerunswell.机器运转良好。

被动语态训练题

一单项选择

()1.Thelightintheroombeforeyouleave.

A.mustturnoffB.willturnoffC.areturnedoffD.mus

tbeturnedoff

()2Theyoungtreesplantedinspring.

A.mustB.haveC.mustbeD.mustare

()3.Theoldpeoplewellinourcountry.

A.islookedafterB.arelookedafterC.looksafte

rD.lookfor

()4.Aliceisill.Shetohospitalatonce.

A.issentB.mustbesentC.cansendD.mustsend

()5.Thefactoryin1958.

A.wasbuiltB.isbuiltC.willbebuiltD.built

()6.Ourteachertoldusthattheclassroomevery

A.shouldbecleanedB.shouldcleanedC.shallbecle

anedD.mustcleaned

()7.Thestudentswasmadethequestionsbythete

acher.

A.answerB.toanswerC.answeringD.answered

()8.Thesunwhenwegotthere.

A.wasrisenB.hasbeenrisenC.hadrisenD.isri

smg

()9.EnglishinCanada?

A.Do,spokenB.Is,spokenC.Are,spokenD.Does,

speak

()10.Henottoleavewasterpapereverywhere.

A.tellsB.toldC.wastoldD.hastold

()11.Who____"TheFamily","Spring"and"Autumn”

_____?

A.was,writtenB.were,written

C.were,writtenbyD.are.Writtenby

()12Halfoftheworkbeforesix.

A.canbedoneB.willdoC.weredone

()13Hewasmadefortwelvehours.

A.toworkB.workC.worked

()14.一Doyouoftencleanyourclassroom?

—Yes.Ourclassroomeveryday.

A.cleanB.cleansC.iscleanedD.iscleaning

（）15.一DidyougotoJack'sbirthdayparty?

一No,I.

A.amnotinvitedB.wasn'tinvitedC.haven'tinvitedD.didn't

invite

（）16一Mum,canIgotothezoowithJack?

一Whenyourhomework___,youcan.

A.isdoneB.wasdoneC.doesD.did

（）17.Anaccidentonthisroadlastweek.

A.hasbeenhappenedB.washappenedC.ishappened

D.happened.

二、改写句子

l.Theybuiltanewschoolinthevillagelastyear.（改为被动语态）

Anewschoolinthevillagelastyear.

2.1ntheolddayspeopleusedteapots（茶壶）tomaketea.（改为被动

语态）

Intheolddaysteapotstomaketea.

3.Thismakesmefeelthirsty.（改为被动语态）

Ifeelthirstybythis.

4.Didyoubuythisbikefromtheshop?（改为被动语态）

fromtheshop（by

you）?

5.Onlythisyear,millionsoftreeshasbeenplantedbythesoldiers.

（改为主动语态）

Onlythisyear,Thesoldiersmillionsof

trees..

三改成被动语态

1FarmersgrowriceinthesouthofChina.

2.Hegavemeanewdic