江西省南昌市等5地2022-2023学年高一下学期7月期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1江西省南昌市等5地2022-2023学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话.每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项.听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题.每段对话仅读一遍.1.Whatsportdoesthewomanlikebestnow?A.Volleyball. B.Basketball. C.Tennis.〖答案〗C【原文】M:Sodoyoudoanysportsonaregularbasis?lknowyouusedtoplaybasketballandvolleyballW:Yes,Ioftenplaytennisnow,It’smyfavouritesport.2.Whyisthewomanunhappy?A.Herfatherisstrictwithher.B.OneofherfamilymembersisillC.Shefailstogetonwithhermother.〖答案〗B【原文】W:It’sreallydifficultandunhappywhenafamilymemberissickM:Icanimaginehowyourfatherfeels,andyoumustbealsoworriedaboutyourmother.3.Whendidthewomangraduate?A.In1998. B.In2003. C.In2008.〖答案〗B【原文】M:Excuseme,MissZhang.Howlonghaveyouworkedinschools?W:SinceIgraduatedfromthenormaluniversityin2003.ButfiveyearsagoImovedtothisschool.Thisismysecondjob.4.Whichwatchwillthewomanprobablychoose?A.Longines. B.Fiyta. C.Omega.〖答案〗A【原文】W:Darling,Ineedanewwatchtotellmethetime.Let’shavealookandmakeacomparison.M:LonginesisnicerthanFiyta.Thatoneislessaffordable,though.W:IthinkLornginesisgood.5.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atatheatre. B.Attheairport. C.Inahotel.〖答案〗B【原文】W:Goodmorning,sir.Whereareyougoing?M:I’mgoingtoEnglandbyflightBE987.W:Wearecheckingin.Pleaseshowyourticket,yourhealthcertificateandyourluggage.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白.每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项.听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间.每段对话或独白读两遍.听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题.6.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Chinesepaintings. B.Chinesetea. C.Chinesemountains.7.Howdoesblackteatasteaccordingtothewoman?A.Sweet. B.Light. C.Heavy.〖答案〗6.B7.C【原文】M:IhavefoundthatChinesepeoplereallyenjoydrinkingteaW:Yeah,teaisreallyanimportantpartofChineseculture.M.Iknowtherearemanykindsoftea,suchasLongjingtea,BiluochunandOolongW:Keemun,HuangshanMaofengteaandJasmineteaareallveryfamousM:Howaretheydifferentfromeachother?W:Theytastedifferentlybecausetheyaremadedifferently.Blackteaisheavyandgreenteaislight听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.WhatdoesJimsuggestthewomantodo?A.Checkthebreathing. B.Makeacall C.PerformCPR.9.WhatphonenumberdoesJimcall?A.120. B.911 C.119.10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Doctorandpatient. B.Strangers. C.Friends.〖答案〗8.A9.B10.C【原文】W:Look,Jim.Thatmanjustfelldownoverthere.M:Wehadbetterseeifhe’sOK.W:Sir…sir?Areyouallright?Sir?M:He’snotanswering.You’dbettercheckhispulseandbreathing.W:Oh,no.He’snotbreathing,andthere’snopulse.Call911.M:Hello?Yes.SomeonehaspassedoutatConnecticutace.andlstSt.Heisn’tbreathinganddoesnothaveapulse.Yes.MyfriendisperformingCPR.OK.Thankyou.They’resendinganambulance.Here,letmehelp.听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题.11.Whoisthepresentfrom?A.Mr.Li. B.Mr.White. C.Ann.12.WhichcitydoesMr.Whitelivein?A.Nanjing. B.Beijing. C.Shanghai.13.WhichbusdoesMr.Whiteadvisethewomantotake?A.Bus306. B.Bus310 C.Bus360〖答案〗11.A12.C13.A【原文】W:Hello,Mr.White.ThisisAnnspeaking.IhaveapresentforyoufromMr.Liofbeing,M:OhthankyouMr.LihadtoldmethatyouwerecomingtoShanghai.W.Yes,justgotofftheplane.MayIcallonyouatyourofficetomorrow?M:Sure,it’sallright.Shallwemakeitatthreeintheafternoon?W.Great.ThenI’llbeatyourcompanyatthree.M:Allright.W:HowcouldIgetthere?M:YoucantakeBus306.It’sRoom310intheEmpireBuilding.AndI’llwaitforyouinthelobby.Ifyoucan’tfindme,pleasecallme.W:OK.Seeyoutomorrow.M:Seeyou.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题.14.Whatdoesthemansayaboutfriendlypeople?A.Theyareoftenfair.B.Theyareserioussometimes.C.Theyareusuallyactiveandfun.15.Whatkindofqualitydoesthewomanthinkisimportant?A.Honesty. B.Bravery. C.Confidence.16.Whydoesthewomandislikefunnypeople?A.Theyareusuallydishonest.B.Theylackfacialexpressions.C.Theyseemtotakenothingseriously.〖答案〗14.C15.A16.C【原文】W:Whatkindofpeopledoyoulike?M:Ilikepeoplewhoisfriendly.Thosepeopleareusuallymoreactiveandfun.Ilikespendingtimewithmyfriends.Wegotobarstogetherandplaysportstogether.W:Idon’tlikemakingfriendswithpeoplewhoaren’thonest.Honestyisveryimportanttome.M:Ithinkit’simportanttomostpeople.Thefactisthatyoucanusuallyfindoutifsomeoneishonestbygettingtoknowhim.W:Youcanalsofindoutfromhisfriends.Ifyouknowsomeofhisfriends.M:Youcan’trelyonyourfriendstointroduceotherstoyouallthetime.Youhavetogooutandmakethefirstmovesometimes.Ialsolikefunnypeople.W.Oh.Idon’t.Theydon’tseemtotakeanythingseriously.Youneverknowwhentheyarejokingorwhentheyarebeingserious.M:Sometimesitcanbehardtotell,butifyouknowapersonfairlywell,youcanusuallyknowwhattheyarereallythinkingfromtheirexpressions,W:Itseemsthatwelikedifferentkindsofpeople.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Visitingauniversity. B.Sharingherexperience. C.Introducingherhobbies.18.Whatisthespeaker?A.Ateacher. B.Astudent. C.Abasketballcoach.19.Howdoesthespeakerfeelabouthercollegelife?A.Frightened. B.Satisfied. C.Curious.20.Whatisthebestwaytoovercomefearsinthespeaker’sopinion?A.Talkingwithothers. B.Findingsimilarities. C.Doingsports.〖答案〗17.B18.A19.A20.B【原文】W:Haveyoueverovercomeanyfears?OK.That’sagoodquestion.IthinktherearemanyfearsthatI’veovercomeinmyteachingcareerandI’msureeveryonehasaswell,buttheonethatsticksouttomethemostwasattendinguniversityafterhighschool.Ithinkthescariestpartofthatwasmeetingallthedifferenttypesofpeople,anddifferentpeoplefromdifferentcultures,differenthighschools,anddifferentareas.Itwasverystrangetoseethatgroupallmixedtogether.Iwasn’tsurehowtoapproachpeopleandtalktothem,Someoftheclasseswereverytough.Itwasjustahugemessofinteractingwithpeopleanddoingwellinschool.ButIthinkthebestwaytoapproachitistofindsimilaritiesthatyoucanconnectwithpeople.Forexample,IreallylikedbaskethallandsoItriedtohangoutwithpeoplewholikedbasketballandetherpeoplewhoenjoyedsaneofmysimilarsubjects.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项.ATheNewBuildingsSettoShapetheWorldin2023NationalLibraryofIsrael,Jerusalem,IsraelTheNationalLibraryofIsraelisbeingmovedtoacompletelynewbuildingnexttothecountry’sparliament(议会),theKnesset.Insidethebuilding,facilitiesincludingaudienceseats,ayouthcenterandvariousexhibitionspaces,aresetuparoundthe50,500-square-footreadinghall.Thedesignisintendedtoshowthelibrary’svaluedofopenness,fromahighroundskylight(天窗)totheground-leveldisplaycasesthatmakeitemsfromthelibraryabletobeseenbypassers-by.LolaMoraCulturalCenter,SanSalvadordeJujuy,ArgentinaLocatedinaforestoverlookingthecityofSanSalvadordeJujuy,theLolaMoraCulturalCenterisnamedafterLolaMora,oneoftheearly20thcentury’spioneeringfemaleartists.Besidessomeofherworksonshow,thisculturecenterhasaninformationaskingcenter,arestaurant,alibraryandaworkshopforvisitingartists.Merdeka118,KualaLumpur,MalaysiaStandingover2,227feetaboveMalaysia’scapital,KualaLumpur,Merdeka118istheworld’ssecond-tallestbuildingbehindDubai’sburnKhalifa.It’salsooneofjustfour“megatall”skyscrapersintheworld,whichusedtodescribetowersmeasuringover600meters.Thebuildinghasaround1millionsquarefeetofretail(零售)space,a1,000-seattheater,office,ahotelandtheSoutheastAsia‘highestobservationdeck.GrandEgyptianMuseum,Giza,EgyptCostingover$1billion,theEgyptianMuseumkeepssomeofhumanhistory’smostvaluableobjects.The5.2-million-square-footstructurefeatureexhibitionspaces,aconservationcenterandatallatrium(中庭).21.WhatcanweknowabouttheNationalLibraryofIsrael?A.Ithasasquare-shapedskylight. B.Ithasa50,500-seatyouthcenter.C.AtwasbuiltnexttotheKnessetatfirst. D.Itsitemsareinsightfromtheoutside.22.WhereisLolaMoraCulturalCenter?A.InIsrael. B.InArgentina.C.InMalaysia. D.InEgypt.23.Whichbuildingisthehighestintheworld?A.Merdeka118. B.GrandEgyptianMuseum.C.BurjKhalifa. D.LolaMoraCulturalCenter.〖答案〗21.D22.B23.C【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了2023年将要建成的一些重要建筑。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据小标题NationalLibraryofIsrael，Jerusalem，Israel下面段落中“Thedesignisintendedtoshowthelibrary’svaluedofopenness,fromahighroundskylight(天窗)totheground-leveldisplaycasesthatmakeitemsfromthelibraryabletobeseenbypassers-by.(该设计旨在展示图书馆的开放价值，从高高的圆形天窗到地面展示柜，让路人能够看到图书馆的物品。)”可知，天窗是圆形，故排除A选项；也可知路人能够看到图书馆的物品，故D选项正确。根据本段“Insidethebuilding,facilitiesincludingaudienceseats,ayouthcenterandvariousexhibitionspaces,aresetuparoundthe50,500-square-footreadinghall.(在建筑内部，包括观众座位、青年中心和各种展览空间在内的设施围绕着50,500平方英尺的阅览室设置。)”可知阅览室50,500平方英尺，没有提及座位数量，故排除B。根据本段“TheNationalLibraryofIsraelisbeingmovedtoacompletelynewbuildingnexttothecountry’sparliament(议会),theKnesset.(以色列国家图书馆将搬到以色列议会旁边的一座全新建筑。)”可知，图书馆搬到以色列议会旁边，故排除选项C。故选D。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据小标题“LolaMoraCulturalCenter，SanSalvadordeJujuy，Argentina(洛拉莫拉文化中心，圣萨尔瓦多德胡胡伊，阿根廷)”可知，LolaMoraCulturalCenter在阿根廷。故选B。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据小标题Merdeka118，KualaLumpur，Malaysia中“Standingover2,227feetaboveMalaysia’scapital,KualaLumpur,Merdeka118istheworld’ssecond-tallestbuildingbehindDubai’sburnKhalifa.(默迪卡118号大厦位于马来西亚首都吉隆坡上空2227英尺(约合1.87米)，是世界第二高的建筑，仅次于迪拜的burnKhalifa。)”可知，迪拜的BurjKhalifa是世界上最高的建筑物。故选C。BIbelievethatweshouldtakeprideinwhatwedo,evenifitismisunderstoodbythepeoplearoundus.Ihavebeenaprofessionalskateboarderfor24years.Formuchofthattime,thesportthatpaidmyrentandgavememygreatestjoyhadmanynames,mostofwhichwereugly:akids’play,awasteoftime,adangerousactivity.WhenIwasabout17,anyhighschoolteachereventoldmeinfrontoftheentireclassthatIwouldnevermakealivingasaskateboarder.Itseemedtohimthatmyfuturewasbleak.Evenduringthosedarkyears,Ineverstoppedridingmyskateboard.Therehadbeenmany,manytimeswhenIfeltdiscouragedbecauseIcouldn’tcompleteadifficultmove.ButI’vecometorealizethattheonlywaytomastersomethingistokeepatit—despitethebloodyknees,despitetheunpleasantcomments.Althoughskateboardinghasgainedmainstreamrecognitioninrecentyears,itstillhasunfavorablestereotypes(刻板印象).heprofessionalskateboardersIknowareresponsiblemembersofsociety.Theirhairstyleandclothesaresimplypartoftheculture,evenwhentheyappearstrangeduringcompetitions.SohereIam,38yearsold,awifeandamotherofthree,withalengthylistofresponsibilities.AndalthoughIhavemanyjobtitles—senioradviser,foundationchairwoman,well-knownactress—theoneIammostproudofisprofessionalskateboarder.Myyoungestson’spreschoolclasswererecentlyaskedwhattheirparentsdoforwork.Theresponsewerethingslike,“Mydadsellsmoney.”and“Mymomfiguresstuffout.”Mysonsaid.“I’veneverseenmymomdowork.”It’strue.Skateboardingdoesn’tseemlikerealwork,butI’mproudofwhatIdo.Myparentsneveroncequestionedthepracticalitybebindmypassion(酷爱)Ihopetopassonthesamelessontomychildrensomeday.24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“bleak”inparagraph3mean?A.Successful. B.Certain.C.Unpromising. D.Bright.25.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph5abouttheprofessionalskateboarders?A.Theywearstrangehairstyleandclothes. B.Theylovemakingunpleasantcomments.C.Theyareirresponsiblemembersofsociety. D.Theyturndeafearstootherpeople’ideas.26.Whichjobtitleistheauthormostproudof?A.Famousactress. B.foundationchairwoman.C.Senioradviser. D.Professionalskateboarder.27.Whatistheauthormostlikelytotellherchildren?A.Don’tquestionthepracticalityofherjob.B.Followtheirpassionandkeepatit.C.Theyareluckytobaseasupportivemother.D.Skateboardingisthebestsportintheworld.〖答案〗24.C25.A26.D27.B【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位女性职业滑板运动员的成长历程。【24题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“WhenIwasabout17,anyhighschoolteachereventoldmeinfrontoftheentireclassthatIwouldnevermakealivingasaskateboarder.(当我17岁的时候，我的高中老师在全班同学面前告诉我，我永远不能用滑板谋生)”可推断，在老师眼里，作者不务正业，是没有前途的。A.Successful成功的；B.Certain确定的；C.Unpromising无前途的；D.Bright聪明的。所以bleak应是与Unpromising同义。故选C项。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Theirhairstyleandclothesaresimplypartoftheculture,evenwhentheyappearstrangeduringcompetitions.(他们的发型和服装只是文化的一部分，即使他们在比赛中看起来很奇怪)”可知，这些人的发型及穿着有些异类。故选A项。【26题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段中“AndalthoughIhavemanyjobtitles—senioradviser,foundationchairwoman,well-knownactress—theoneIammostproudofisprofessionalskateboarder.(尽管我有很多头衔——高级顾问、基金会主席、知名女演员——但我最自豪的是职业滑板运动员。)”可知，作者最引以为傲的身份是职业滑板运动员。故选D项。【27题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Myparentsneveroncequestionedthepracticalitybehindmypassion(酷爱).Ihopetopassonthesamelessontomychildrensomeday(我的父母从来没有质疑过我的热情背后的实用性。我希望有一天能把同样的教训传递给我的孩子们)”可推断，作者很可能会鼓励她的孩子坚持做自己喜欢的事（追随自己的热情并坚持下去）。故选B项。CAtaPittsburghwedding,thecookietableisasimportantasthefirstkiss.Butfindingthetrueoriginofthetraditionisaschallengingasmakingtheperfectcookietable.Somesayit’sacustombroughttoPittsburghbyimmigrantsandeverybodyfromItalianstoPolishpeopleclaimsitsheritage.Otherssayitgrewoutofaneedtosavemoneyoncakeinthe1930s.Butthecookietable’sconnectionwithweddingsdidn’tshowupinpublicationsuntilthe1990s.Certainly,Pittsburghersfeastedonweddingcookietableswellbeforethe1990s,withlocalbakerssayingtheyrecallcookietablesattheirfamilies’weddingsforaslongastheycanremember.“WhenIwasakid,thebigtalkwasnot‘Howwasthewedding?’Instead,itwas‘Howwerethecookies?’”said70-year-oldMarcSerrao,ownerofOakmontBakeryinPittsburgh.“Perhapstheconceptdidn’tshowupinnewspapersandcookbooksbecauseeverybodywasdoingit,soitwasn’tseenasnewsworthy.”Butnomattertheorigins,thistraditionofsharingsweethomemadecookiesatweddingsisbakedintoPittsburghculture.Formanylocalfamilies,preparingacookietablehasbecomeauniquewaytoshowtheirlove.There’snoexactnumberofcookiesatawedding.It’susuallysomewherebetweensixperguestuptoone-and-a-halfdozen(十二)perguest.Thenwhencantheguestseatthecookies?Theanswerlikelyliesinfamilytradition.Somefamiliesopenthecookietablesbeforedinner,whilemostfamilieswaituntilafterdinner.Generally,itisrecommendedtowaituntilafterdinner.“However,whatistraditionandwhathappensaretwototallydifferentthings,”MarcSerraosays.“IdaresomeonetotellGrandmathatsheisnotallowedtopickacookieoffthecookietablebeforedinner.IalsodaresomeonetotellAuntBetsythatsheisnotallowedtoputfourcookiesinherbagforthenextmorningwithhercoffee.”28.Whatcanweknowaboutthecookietablefromthefirstfourparagraphs?A.ItwasbroughttoPittsburghbyimmigrants.B.Itfirstappearedatweddingsduringthe1990s.C.Itgrewoutofaneedtosavemoneyinthe1930s.D.IthasbeenanimportantpartofaweddinginPittsburgh.29.Howmanycookiesareusuallypreparedforeachguest?A.3~6. B.5~12. C.6~18. D.19~24.30.Whencanguestsusuallyeatthecookies?A.Oldpeoplealwayseatbeforedinner.B.Itisbettertowaituntilafterdinner.C.ItisnecessarytoaskGrandmafirst.D.Theyareusuallyeatenthenextmorning.31.WhatdoesMarcSerraomeaninthelastparagraph?A.Thereareexceptionstorules. B.Wehavetofollowcustomsstrictly.C.ItisOKforoldpeopletobreakrules. D.Itisnotimportanttofollowtraditions.〖答案〗28.D29.C30.B31.A【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章叙述了美国匹兹堡的结婚糕点习俗的重要性和起源。【详析】28.推理判断题。根据第一段中“Somesayit’sacustombroughttoPittsburghbyimmigrantsandeverybodyfromItalianstoPolishpeopleclaimsitsheritage.Otherssayitgrewoutofaneedtosavemoneyoncakeinthe1930s.(有人说这是移民带到匹兹堡的一种习俗，从意大利人到波兰人，每个人都声称这是匹兹堡的传统。其他人则表示，这源于20世纪30年代在蛋糕上省钱的需要。)”可知它不一定是由移民带到匹兹堡的，排除选项A。且它不一定是在20世纪30年代出于省钱的需要而发展起来的，排除选项C。根据第二段中“Butthecookietable’sconnectionwithweddingsdidn’tshowupinpublicationsuntilthe1990s.Certainly,Pittsburghersfeastedonweddingcookietableswellbeforethe1990s(但直到20世纪90年代，饼干桌与婚礼的联系才出现在出版物上。当然，早在20世纪90年代之前，匹兹堡人就在婚礼饼干桌上大快朵颐)”可知它首次出现在20世纪90年代的婚礼上是错误的，排除选项B。第三段中MarcSerrao老人的话“WhenIwasakid,thebigtalkwasnot‘Howwasthewedding?Instead,itwas‘Howwerethecookies?(当我还是个孩子的时候，人们谈论的不是‘婚礼怎么样？’而是‘饼干怎么样？’)”及第四段“thistraditionofsharingsweethomemadecookiesatweddingsisbakedintoPittsburghculture(这种在婚礼上分享自制甜饼干的传统已经融入了匹兹堡的文化)”可知这是匹兹堡婚礼的重要组成部分。故选D。29.细节理解题。根据第五段中“There’snoexactnumberofcookiesatawedding.It’susuallysomewherebetweensixperguestuptoone-and-a-halfdozen(十二)perguest.(婚礼上没有确切的饼干数量。它通常在每位客人6到每位客人1.5打之间)”可知，1.5*12=18，即通常为每位客人准备6至18块饼干。故选C。30.细节理解题。根据第七段“Generally,itisrecommendedtowaituntilafterdinner.(一般来说，建议等到晚饭后再吃。)”可知通常客人最好等到晚饭后吃饼干。故选B。31.推理判断题。根据最后一段““However,whatistraditionandwhathappensaretwototallydifferentthings,”MarcSerraosays.“IdaresomeonetotellGrandmathatsheisnotallowedtopickacookieoffthecookietablebeforedinner.IalsodaresomeonetotellAuntBetsythatsheisnotallowedtoputfourcookiesinherbagforthenextmorningwithhercoffee.”(“然而，什么是传统和发生什么是完全不同的事情，”MarcSerrao说。“我敢有人告诉奶奶，晚饭前不允许她从饼干桌上摘饼干。我也敢有人对贝茜阿姨说，第二天早上她不允许在包里放四块饼干和咖啡。”)”可推断MarcSerrao认为这些规矩不是死的，规则也有例外。故选A。DMostpeopledon’tlieverymuch.Itmakessense.Bybeinghonestwithpeople,younotonlybuildupgoodwill,butalsosavealotofbrainpowersinceyourbraindoesn’thavetodoanythingoutoftheordinarywhenyoutellthetruth.Youjustthinkofwhatyouwanttosay,andyousayit.However,lyingtakesmuchmorework.Imagineyou’relatetoclassandtheteacheraskswhy.Ifyoudecidetolie,youhavetomakeupastoryonthespot,thinkaboutthevariousdirectionstheconversationmighttakeandfigureoutwhatyouneedtosaytokeepthiswholeliefromfallingapart.Youmightnotbeawareofit,butyoujustgiveyourbrainalotofextrawork.“Alotofthatbrainworkisdoneinaregioncalledtheprefrontalcortex.It’sthepartinchargeofworkingmemory,”explainsJenniferVendemia,ascientistfromtheUniversityofSouthCarolina.Workingmemorykeepssomethinginmindjustforalittlewhile,suchasrememberinginstructionsforhowtoplayagameorsomeotherspecifictask.Itstoresthingsforonlyashortwhileasyou’reusingthem,anditdoesn’tputtheminlong-termstorage.Besidesworkingmemory,theprefrontalcortexalsotakescareoftaskssuchasplanning,problem-solvingandself-control.Scientistsdescribetheseasexecutivefunctiontasks.Executivefunctionletsyouthinkasteportwoaheadtomakesurethelieyou’retellingwilllikelyholduptoquestioning.“Spendingsomuchbrainpowertryingtokeepastorystraightmeansthere’slessavailableforotherthings,”saysVendemia.“Lyingisespeciallyharmfulforyoungpeopleastheprefrontalcortexisnotfullydevelopeduntilaroundage25.Whentheprefrontalcortexisbusywithtasksrelatedtolying,youngerpeoplehaveahardertimedoingothertasks.”Lyinghassocialcosts,too.Peoplegenerallyvaluehonestyanddon’tlikeliars.Soifpeopleviewyouasuntrustworthy,itcanbebadforyourrelationships.32.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thecostsoflyingtopeople. B.Thetruemeaningofhonesty.C.Thebenefitsofbeingtruthful. D.Thedifficultyofbeingagoodliar.33.Whyisalyingstudentmentionedinthesecondparagraph?A.Toproveatheory. B.Tointroduceatopic.C.Toprovidethebackground. D.Togiveanexample.34.Whichofthefollowingisthefunctionofworkingmemory?A.Rememberingalife-longlesson.B.Storinginformationforashorttime.C.Pushingoneselftofacedifficulties.D.Processinginformationinthebrain.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.WhatAretheHarmfulEffectsofLying?B.WhichPartofBrainIsinChargeofLying?C.WhenIsItEspeciallyBadforPeopletoLie?D.HowCanWeKeepLiesfromFallingApart?〖答案〗32.C33.D34.B35.A【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章详细阐述了撒谎的众多危害。【详析】32.主旨大意题。根据第一段“Bybeinghonestwithpeople,younotonlybuildupgoodwill，butalsosavealotofbrainpower（通过对人诚实，你不仅可以建立善意，还可以节省大量的脑力）”可知，这一段写诚实的好处。故选C项。33.推理判断题。第二段“However,lyingtakesmuchmorework.然而，撒谎需要付出更多的努力。”为本段主题句，后面的句子“Imagineyou’relatetoclassandtheteacheraskswhy.Ifyoudecidetolie,youhavetomakeupastoryonthespot,thinkaboutthevariousdirectionstheconversationmighttakeandfigureoutwhatyouneedtosaytokeepthiswholeliefromfallingapart.Youmightnotbeawareofit,butyoujustgiveyourbrainalotofextrawork.(想象一下你上课迟到了，老师问你为什么。如果你决定撒谎，你必须当场编造一个故事，思考谈话可能会朝着不同的方向发展，并想清楚你需要说些什么才能避免整个谎言分崩离析。你可能没有意识到，但你只是给了你的大脑很多额外的工作。)”都是举例说明。可知，作者用学生撒谎这个例子来支持其论点：撒谎需要付出更多的努力。故选D项。34.细节理解题。根据第四段“Workingmemorykeepssomethinginmindjustforalittlewhile(工作记忆会让一些事情在脑海中停留一段时间)，以及“Itstoresthingsforonlyashortwhileasyou’reusingthem,anditdoesn’tputtheminlong-termstorage.(当你使用它们时，它只会在短时间内存储它们，而不会将它们长期存储。)”可知，workingmemory属于短时记忆。故选B项。35.主旨大意题。第一段“Mostpeopledon’tlieverymuch.Itmakessense.Bybeinghonestwithpeople,younotonlybuildupgoodwill，butalsosavealotofbrainpowersinceyourbraindoesn’thavetodoanythingoutoftheordinarywhenyoutellthetruth.Youjustthinkofwhatyouwanttosay,andyousayit.(大多数人不怎么说谎。这很有道理。通过对人诚实，你不仅可以建立善意，还可以节省大量的脑力，因为当你说实话时，你的大脑不必做任何不同寻常的事情。你只要想一想你想说什么，然后就说出来。)”是说诚实的好处，而二、三和四段从不同角度说撒谎的危害。所以用A项“WhatAretheHarmfulEffectsofLying?（说谎有哪些有害影响?）”作为本文的题目，与文章主题相符合。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分.满分12.5分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项.Goodmannerscangoalongwayininfluencinghowpeopleviewyou.Herearesomeofthebasicrulesthateveryoneshouldknow.Don’tinterruptotherpeople’sconversationsOnewaytoshowrespectforothersisnottocutintheirconversationsunlessaskedtodoso.___36___Bynotgettinginvolved,you’realsoexercisingpatience,whichisakeyqualityeveryoneshouldhave.___37___Wheninteractingwithalargegroupofpeople,it’seasytolosesightofhoweachindividualisfeeling.Ifyouseesomepeoplefindingitchallengingtofitinthegroup,spendsometimewiththem.___38___Animportantsignofbeingmature(成熟的)isactingselflessly.Thefirststeptodosoisthinkingofothersratherthanjustyourself.ActproperlyinanygivensituationThismayseemveryobvious,butwearen’talwaysasmindfulofitasweshouldbe.Basically,therearedifferentwaysweshouldactindifferentsituations.Naturally,theatmospherewillbelighterandmorecarefreewhenwearewithfriendsatarestaurant.___39___Learningtoactaccordinglyinanygivensituationwillnotonlyhelpyoupractisemoreself-controlbutwillalsomakeyouseemmoreexperienced.Followingthesebasicruleswillcontributetoyourself-respectintheshortrun.___40___A.Despiteyourbestintentions,letthemaloneB.ThinkofothersasmuchasyoudoyourselfC.SaysomethingevenifyouhavenothingnotabletoaddD.ItcanhelpthemfeelmorecomfortableinthehugecrowdE.However,onmoreseriousoccasionsweshouldactmoreformallyF.Inthelongrun,theywillhelpyoubecomeamorerespectablepersonG.interruptionisannoyingandwilldefinitelycauseotherstothinklessofyou〖答案〗36.G37.B38.D39.E40.F〖祥解〗这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些良好礼仪的规则。【36题详析】由上文“Onewaytoshowrespectforothersisnottocutintheirconversationsunlessaskedtodoso.(尊重他人的一种方式是，除非别人要求，否则不要打断他们的谈话。)”可知，下面要说打断别人产生的不良后果，故G项“interruptionisannoyingandwilldefinitelycauseotherstothinklessofyou(打断别人是很烦人的，而且肯定会让别人看轻你)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选G。【37题详析】根据本小节的最后一句“Thefirststeptodosoisthinkingofothersratherthanjustyourself.(要做到这一点，第一步是考虑别人，而不仅仅是你自己。)”可知，本段的小标题与考虑别人有关，故B项“Thinkofothersasmuchasyoudoyourself.(经常要想想别人的感受。)”适合作本节的小标题。故选B。【38题详析】由上文“Ifyouseesomepeoplefindingitchallengingtofitinthegroup,spendsometimewiththem.(如果你发现有些人很难融入团队，那就花点时间和他们在一起。)”可知，下文要说花点时间和他们在一起的结果，选项D“Itcanhelpthemfeelmorecomfortableinthehugecrowd(这可以帮助他们在人群中感觉更舒服)”，能够承接上文。故选D。【39题详析】由上文“Basically,therearedifferentwaysweshouldactindifferentsituations.(基本上，在不同的情况下，我们应该采取不同的行动。”可知下文要讲到不同的情况。故E项“However,onmoreseriousoccasionsweshouldactmoreformally(然而，在更严肃的场合，我们应该表现得更正式)”符合。故选E。【40题详析】由上文“Followingthesebasicruleswillcontributetoyourself-respectintheshortrun.(在短期内，遵循这些基本规则将有助于你的自尊。)”可知，本句谈论遵守社交规则的短期效果，接下来可能会谈长远好处，故F项“Inthelongrun,theywillhelpyoubecomeamorerespectableperson(从长远来看，它们会帮助你成为一个更受人尊敬的人)”符合题意。故选F。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.Tenyearsafterdroppingout,BrianaMathis,a30-year-oldmotheroftwo,wentbacktoWallaceCommunityCollege.Shewasrecruited(录取)backtothe___41___inDothan,Alabama,bythestaffatanewstudentsupportcenter.Thesameadviserhaskeptherontrackbyhelpingherapplyforafinancialaid(助学金)andcheckinginregularlyonherprogress.“I___42___needthehelp.Iwanttoattendcollegebutit’sanimpossible___43___withoutthesupport.”Mathissaid.Two-yearcommunitycolleges,which___44___manyofthestudentswhobadlyneedthesupport,havethelowestcompletionracesofanykindofuniversityorcollege.Theadvisersarea___45___factorinwhosucceeds.The___46___supportedbythelocalgovernmenthas___47___reachouttostudentswhoareinneedofextrasupport.“We___48___alotofstudentsbecausetheydon’tthinktheycan___49___theirproblems,”saidAlishaMiles,whoisinchargeoftheproject.CortezRawlins,acollegefreshman,saidhewas_____50_____inoneofhiscourseuntilanadviserhelpedhim_____51_____adetailedstudyplan.Thegoalisforadviserstostickwithstudentsuntiltheygetajobafter_____52_____Milesadmitted:“We’retryingto_____53_____thegoal,bu