广东省佛山市南海区狮山石门高级中学高一下学期5月期中英语试题

石门高级中学20222023学年度第二学期高一年级英语科第二次统测试题听力部分第一部分听力(共两节，满分20分)第一节听力理解(共6小题;每小题2分，满分12分)材料及问题播放两遍。每段后有两个小题，各段播放前有5秒钟的阅题时间。请根据各段播放的内容及相关小题的问题，在5秒钟内从题中所给的A，B，C项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。听第一段材料，回答第1—2题。材料和问题读两遍。1.Question1(录音):A.Drinkingsometea.B.WritingAreport.C.Meetinghismanager.2.Question2(录音):A.Drinksomewater.B.Getsomesleep.C.TumdowntheTV.听第二段材料，回答第3—4题。材料和问题读两遍。3.Question3:(录音)A.In1989.B.In1990.C.In1999.4.Question4:(录音)ALookingforsomelocalfoods.B.Showinghimaroundtheseaside.C.Offeringinformationaboutahotel.听第三段材料，回答第5—6题。材料和问题读两遍。5.Question5(录音):A.InGuangzhou.B.InShanghai.C.InBeijing.6.Question6(录音):A.Listentolivemusic.B.Visitamuseum.C.Haveadinnerparty.第二节回答问题(共4小题;每小题2分，满分8分)听下面一段材料，然后回答问题。材料和问题读两遍。7.Question7:(录音)Answer:8Question8:(录音)Answer:9.Question9:(录音)Answer:10.Question10:(录音)Answer:石门高级中学20222023学年度第二学期高一年级英语科第二次统测试题笔试部分第二部分阅读理解(共三节，满分45分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWhetheryouarelookingforanhourlonghikeoramultidayjourney,theseoldtracks(小路)willsatisfyanylevelofadventure.RouteburnTrackEasilyaccessiblefromQueenstown,NewZealand’s“AdventureCapital,”theRouteburnhasthesceneryNewZealandisfamousfor:shininglakes,widevalleys,andmountainpeaks.*Length:20milesoneway*Duration:24days*Open:LateOctoberthroughearlyMayMilfordTrackTheMilfordTrackisoneofthemostpopularGreatWalks,withforestedmountainsclimbingsteeplyoutofglaciercarvedvalleys.Thisisoneofthewettestplacesontheplanet,withanannualaveragerainfallof22feet.Theresultisamazingwaterfalls,includingthe1.903footSutherlandFalls.*Length:33milesoneway*Duration:4days*Open:LateOctoberthroughearlyMayRakiuraTrackThisisoneofthemostremoteGreatWalks.It’slocatedonStewartIsland,whichliesoffthesoutherntipoftheSouthIsland.StewartIslandisknownfordeserted,sandybeaches,nativeforest,anditspopulationofkiwis.(Theflightlessbirdsareeasytospothere,oftenonthebeaches.)*Length:10milesoneway*Duration:3days*Open:AllyearHeaphyTrackTheHeaphyisanotherwildandremotetrack,locatedinthenorthwestcorneroftheSouthIsland.ThistrackisthelongestGreatWalk,windingthroughgrassandpalmforeststothewildwestcoast.*Length:49milesoneway*Duration:46days*Open:Allyear1.Whichtrackbestsuitspeoplewholookforahikewithwaterfalls?A.RouteburnTrack. B.MilfordTrack. C.RakiuraTrack. D.HeaphyTrack.2.WhatdoesRakiuraTrackandHeaphyTrackhaveinmon?A.Theyareofthesamelength. B.Theybothhavekiwis.C.Theybothhavedesertedbeaches. D.Theyarebothonanisland.3.Whichpartofamagazineisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Health. B.Travel. C.Science. D.Environmentprotection.【答案】1.B2.D3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍4条适合远足和旅行的小径。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据MilfordTrack部分“Theresultisamazingwaterfalls,includingthe1.903footSutherlandFalls.(结果是令人惊叹的瀑布，包括1.903英尺的萨瑟兰瀑布)”可知，MilfordTrack最适合那些在徒步旅行寻找瀑布的人，故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据RakiuraTrack部分“It’slocatedonStewartIsland,whichliesoffthesoutherntipoftheSouthIsland.(它位于斯图尔特岛，位于南岛的南端)”及HeaphyTrack部分“TheHeaphyisanotherwildandremotetrack,locatedinthenorthwestcorneroftheSouthIsland.(Heaphy是另一条野生而偏远的小路，位于南岛的西北角)”可知，RakiuraTrack和HeaphyTrack的共同点是：它们都在岛上，故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Whetheryouarelookingforanhourlonghikeoramultidayjourney,theseoldtracks(小路)willsatisfyanylevelofadventure.(无论你是在寻找长达一小时的徒步旅行还是多日游，这些古老的小径都将满足任何级别的冒险)”可知，文章主要介绍适合远足和旅行的小径，故推知这篇文章最可能出现在杂志的旅游部分。故选B。BJackyHuntBroersma,wholostonelegtocancer,isseekingtobreakaworldrecordbypleting102marathonruns.ShesethergoalinmidJanuary.Andsincethen,shehasbeenrunningthedistanceofamarathon.Mostofthetime,sheaveragesjustoverfivehourstopletearun.Ifshekeepssuccessfullypletingmarathonrunseveryday,shewillreachhergoalbyApril28.Untilfiveyearsago,shewasnotveryactive.Butthenshelookedintorunninganddecidedtogiveitatry.Thesportendedupbeingquitecostly.Currently,sherunsonanartificiallegmadeofastrong,lightmaterialknownascarbonfiber.Thematerial,whichisdesignedspeciallyforrunning,costsabout$10,000.ButJackysaysherinvestmenthasbeenwellworthit.Thebiggeststruggleusedtobethatshehadtoadmitpartofherbodywasgone.“Runningreallychangedmylife,”shesaid.“Ithelpedmeacceptmyselfasanamputee(截肢者).Itgavemeasenseoffreedom.IfellinlovewiththeprocessofpushingmybodyfurtherjusttoseewhatIcoulddo.”However,shehasfacedbothphysicalandmentaldifficultiesduringherrecordbreakingattempt.Ononerecentday,Jackysaidshefeltlikegivingupat24kilometersandbegantocry.“Ihadatotalemotionalbreakdown.Iwaslike,‘Ijustcan’tdothis.’”shesaid.Jackyisdocumentingherprogressonlineandhasalsogainedalargesocialmediafollowing.Asshenearstheendofhergoal,Jackyishopingtoinspireasinglethoughtinothers.Shetellspeople,“You’restrongerthanyouthinkandyou’reabletodosomuchmore.”4.WhatisJacky’sgoalaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Todefeatadeadlydisease. B.Tobreakher5hourrecord.C.Tobeaprofessionalrunner. D.Tofinish102marathonruns.5.WhatmayJackythinkofherrunning?A.Difficultbutrewarding. B.Interestingbutchallenging.C.Enjoyableandeyeopening. D.Stressfulandtimeconsuming.6.WhydoesJackyrecordherrunningonline?A.Toproveherability. B.Toencourageothers.C.Togainwiderattention. D.Toincreaseherconfidence.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesJacky’sexperience?A.Healthisthekeytohappiness.B.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.C.Chancefavoursthepreparedmind.D.Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart.【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了截肢者雅姬·亨特·布勒尔斯莫通过不懈努力，坚持进行马拉松跑步，计划打破世界纪录的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“JackyHuntBroersma,wholostonelegtocancer,isseekingtobreakaworldrecordbypleting102marathonruns.(雅姬·亨特·布勒尔斯莫因癌症失去了一条腿，她希望通过完成102次马拉松来打破世界纪录)”可知，雅姬的目标是完成102次马拉松。故选D项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Ithelpedmeacceptmyselfasanamputee(截肢者).Itgavemeasenseoffreedom.IfellinlovewiththeprocessofpushingmybodyfurtherjusttoseewhatIcoulddo.(它帮助我接受了自己作为截肢者的身份。它给了我一种自由的感觉。我爱上了把身体推得更远的过程，只是为了看看我能做些什么)”以及第四段“Ihadatotalemotionalbreakdown.Iwaslike,‘Ijustcan’tdothis.’(我的情绪完全崩溃了。我想，‘我就是做不到’)”可知，雅姬觉得自己做不到，但是跑步可以给她带来好的感受，所以跑步是困难但是值得的。故选A项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Asshenearstheendofhergoal,Jackyishopingtoinspireasinglethoughtinothers.Shetellspeople,‘You’restrongerthanyouthinkandyou’reabletodosomuchmore.’(随着她的目标接近尾声，雅姬希望能激发别人的一个想法。她告诉人们，‘你比你想象得更强大，你能做得更多。’)”可知，雅姬在网上记录她的跑步进步是为了鼓励他人。故选B项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“JackyHuntBroersma,wholostonelegtocancer,isseekingtobreakaworldrecordbypleting102marathonruns.(雅姬·亨特·布勒尔斯莫因癌症失去了一条腿，她希望通过完成102次马拉松来打破世界纪录)”以及“Ifshekeepssuccessfullypletingmarathonrunseveryday,shewillreachhergoalbyApril28.(如果她每天都能成功完成马拉松，她将在4月28日之前达到目标)”以及文章内容可知，雅姬作为截肢者，通过自己的努力，即将完成跑102次马拉松的目标，所以“有志者事竟成”最能够描述她的经历。故选D项。CKnowinghowtoread,writeandtalkinonelanguageisenoughformanypeople.Theyprefertofocustheirenergyonotherthingsthatimprovetheirlives.Scientists,however,continuetoconfirmthatbilingualism,theabilitytospeaktwolanguagesfluently,hasmorebenefitsthanmanyrealize.First,it’sgoodforachild’sbrain.Learningasecondlanguageimprovestheiracademicachievements.Manystudieshaveshownthatchildrenwholearnaforeignlanguagegetbettergradesatschool.Bilingualchildrenalsodisplayabetterfacilityintheirnativelanguage.Theirgrammar,vocabularyandspellingskillsarestrongerthanthoseofsinglelanguagespeakers.Childrenwholearnasecondlanguagebeeexpertproblemsolversandcreativethinkers.That’sbecausetheirbrainsareconstantlyworkingtosortoutwhichlanguagetospeakandwhen.Studiesfurthershowthatbilingualteensarebetteratmultitasking.Multilingualparentsunderstandthebenefitsoflearningmorethanonelanguage.BenMazorofMontrealspeaksEnglish,FrenchandHebrew.Hesays,“Kids’brainsarelikeasponge(海绵).Theyabsorbeverything.Itestothemsoeasilywhilethey’reyoung.Sowhynotgivethemthechancetolearnanotherlanguage?”Anumberofstudiesshowthatbilingualismisvaluabletothebrainlaterinlife.Scottishresearchersdidastudyusingdatafrom835nativeEnglishspeakers,whotookanIQtestattheageof11.Theyweretestedagainintheir70s.Researchersthenparedthetests.Thosewhospoketwoormorelanguageshadobviouslybettercognitive(认知的)abilities.Dr.ThomasBaka,coauthorofthestudy,concluded,“Ourresultssuggestaprotectiveeffectofbilingualismagainstagerelatedcognitivedecline.”So，whowouldrefusethebenefitsoflearningasecondlanguage?8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“facility”inparagraph2mean?A.Ability. B.Interest. C.Taste. D.Method.9.Accordingtoparagraph3,whatmayparentslikeBenMazordo?A.Learnforeignlanguagesbythemselves.B.Spendmoremoneyonhomeschooling.C.Involvekidsinforeignlanguagecourses.D.Helpkidsabsorbknowledgelikeasponge.10.WhathastheScottishresearchersprovedaboutbilingualism?A.Itextendsone’slife. B.Itimprovestestscores.C.Itcuresbraindisorders. D.Itslowsmentalageing.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.LearningBettersHumanBrainB.BilingualismShowsGreatAdvantagesC.LanguageOpensaNewWorldtoKidsD.BilingualismLeadstoAcademicSuccess【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述研究表明，双语能力有很多好处。【8题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词下文“Theirgrammar,vocabularyandspellingskillsarestrongerthanthoseofsinglelanguagespeakers.(他们的语法、词汇和拼写能力比说单一语言的人更强)”可知，会双语的孩子在语法、词汇和拼写能力方面比说单一语言的人更强，由此可推知，划线词所在句意为：双语儿童在使用母语方面也表现出更好的能力，facility意为“能力”。故选A项。9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Multilingualparentsunderstandthebenefitsoflearningmorethanonelanguage.(多语父母明白学习多种语言的好处)”及BenMazor说的话“Sowhynotgivethemthechancetolearnanotherlanguage?(所以为什么不给他们学习另一种语言的机会呢？)”可推知，像BenMazor这样的会说多种语言的家长明白多语的好处，他们可能会让孩子参加外语课程。故选C项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第一段中“Dr.ThomasBaka,coauthorofthestudy,concluded,‘Ourresultssuggestaprotectiveeffectofbilingualismagainstagerelatedcognitivedecline.’(该研究的合著者ThomasBaka博士总结道：‘我们的研究结果表明，双语对对抗与年龄相关的认知衰退具有保护作用’)”可知，苏格兰研究者证明，说双语能减缓精神衰老。故选D项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Scientists,however,continuetoconfirmthatbilingualism,theabilitytospeaktwolanguagesfluently,hasmorebenefitsthanmanyrealize.(然而，科学家们继续证实，双语能力，即流利地说两种语言的能力，比许多人意识到的好处更多)”可推知，本文主要讲述研究表明，说双语有很多好处，故“BilingualismShowsGreatAdvantages”是最佳标题。故选B项。DFreshfruitjuicehasbeeincreasinglypopularinmanydietsespeciallyamongthoseconsumerswhoarepressedfortimeandconcernedabouttheirhealth.Fruitjuicehasalsobeenlinkedtobeliefsthatitcanhelppeopleloseweight.Butisjuicingreallyashealthyaswethink?Arecentstudyrevealshardtruthsaboutfruitjuice.Allfruitscontainsugarsanddon’tseemtohaveharmfuleffectsunlesstheycontributetoexcess(过量的)dailycalories.Thisisbecausethefiberwhichisfoundinwholefruitisundamaged，andthesugariscontainedwithinthefruit’scells.Ittakesourdigestivesystemawhiletobreakthesecellsdownandforsugartoenterthebloodstream.Thisisnotthecasewithfruitjuice.Differentfromwholefruit，thenaturalsugarinfruitjuicecountsas“freesugars”，justlikehoneyandaddedsugars.Withthefiberremoved，fruitjuice’ssugarisabsorbedmorequickly.Asuddenriseofbloodsugarcausesthepancreas(胰腺)toreleaseinsulin(胰岛素)tobringitbackdowntoanormallevel.Overtime，thissystemcanwearout，increasingtheriskofdevelopingtype2diabetes(糖尿病).In2013，afteranalysingthehealthdataof100，000peoplecollectedbetween1986and2009，researchersfoundthatfruitjuiceconsumptionwaslinkedwithincreasedriskoftype2diabetes．They’veconcludedthatevenwhenfruitjuiceissimilarinthenutritionalcontenttowholefruit，fruitjuiceleadstofasterandlargerchangesininsulinlevelssinceliquidspassthroughthestomachfasterthansolids.“Althoughfruitjuiceisbetterthannofruitatall，therearelotsoflimits，”saidDr.AmySmith，professorofmedicineattheUniversityofVirginia.“ItparticularlyeswithriskswhenweconsumemorethanI50mloffreesugarsperday，orwhenitputsusoverourremendedcalorieintake.Itprovidesuswithvitaminsbutfruitjuiceisfarfromaquickfix.”12.Whatleadstotheincreasingfruitjuicepopularity?A.Experts’remendation． B.Itsobviousmedicaleffects．C.Itsassumedbenefitstohealth． D.People’simprovedlifequality．13.Whyiswholefruithealthier?A.Itprovidesbetternutrition． B.Itsfiberslowssugarabsorption．C.Itprotectsourdigestivesystem． D.Itsfiberhelpsremoveextrasugar．14.Howdidresearchersdrawtheconclusionin2013?A.Byobservingthebloodsugarlevel．B.Byparingliquidandsolidintake．C.Byanalysingpreviouslycollecteddata．D.Byinterviewingtype2diabetespatients.15.WhatisDr.Smith’sattitudetofruitjuice?A.Positive． B.Negative． C.Objective． D.Unclear．【答案】12.C13.B14.C15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了喝果汁并不像我们想象中美好。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句话“Freshfruitjuicehasbeeincreasinglypopularinmanydietsespeciallyamongthoseconsumerswhoarepressedfortimeandconcernedabouttheirhealth.Fruitjuicehasalsobeenlinkedtobeliefsthatitcanhelppeopleloseweight.(新鲜果汁在许多饮食中越来越受欢迎，尤其是在那些时间紧迫和关心自己健康的消费者中。果汁也与它可以帮助人们减肥的信念有关。）”可知，是因为它被认为对健康有益导致果汁越来越受欢迎。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thisisbecausethefiberwhichisfoundinwholefruitisundamaged，andthesugariscontainedwithinthefruit’scells．Ittakesourdigestivesystemawhiletobreakthesecellsdownandforsugartoenterthebloodstream.（这是因为在整个水果中发现的纤维是完好无损的，而糖包含在水果的细胞中。我们的消化系统需要一段时间来分解这些细胞，让糖进入血液）”可知，水果的纤维可以减缓糖的吸收，所以完整的水果更健康。故选B项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“In2013，afteranalysingthehealthdataof100，000peoplecollectedbetween1986and2009，researchersfoundthatfruitjuiceconsumptionwaslinkedwithincreasedriskoftype2diabetes.（2013年，研究人员分析了从1986年到2009年收集的10万人的健康数据，发现喝果汁与患2型糖尿病的风险增加有关）”可知，研究人员是通过分析以前收集的数据得出这个结论的。故选C项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“'Althoughfruitjuiceisbetterthannofruitatall，therearelotsoflimits，'saidDr.AmySmith，professorofmedicineattheUniversityofVirginia.'ItparticularlyeswithriskswhenweconsumemorethanI50mloffreesugarsperday，orwhenitputsusoverourremendedcalorieintake.Itprovidesuswithvitaminsbutfruitjuiceisfarfromaquickfix'”（弗吉尼亚大学医学教授艾米·史密斯博士说:“虽然果汁总比不吃水果好，但还是有很多限制。当我们每天摄入的游离糖超过I50ml，或者超过推荐的卡路里摄入量时，它就会带来风险。它能给我们提供维生素，但果汁远非速效解决之道。”）”可知，Dr．Smith认为果汁有好处，但是也不能多喝。观点中立客观。故选C项。第二节句子排序(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)16.把下列标号为A至E的五个句子按照正确的逻辑顺序排列。A.Beethoventhoughtaboutgivingup,butintheendhecontinuedtowritemusic.B.Inhistwenties,hehadbeenveryfamousforhisskillsonthepiano,butthenhebegantolosehishearing.C.LudwigvanBeethovenwasaGermanposer,whoisregardedasoneofthegreatestposersinthehistoryofmusic.D.Heproceededwiththepositionuntilhisdeathin1827,writingmorethan130musicalworks,includinghisSymphonyNo.9inDminor.E.Inspiredbyhisstruggleswithdeafness,theposerproducedsomeamazingpieces,includingninesymphonies,fivepianopieces,andanopera!【答案】CBAED【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了音乐家贝多芬的个人经历。【详解】短文第一句总起全文，引出要介绍的人物是贝多芬，故C选项“路德维希·凡·贝多芬是一位德国作曲家，被认为是音乐史上最伟大的作曲家之一”排序第一；第二句开始介绍贝多芬音乐才能以及疾病的出现，B选项“在他二十多岁的时候，他的钢琴技巧已经非常出名了，但是后来他的听力开始衰退”排序第二；第三句应说明贝多芬是如何面对自己的听力衰退的，故A选项“贝多芬想过放弃，但最后他还是继续写音乐”排序第三；第四句介绍贝多芬在耳聋的情况下，是如何创作出作品的，E选项“这位作曲家受到与耳聋斗争的启发，创作了一些令人惊叹的作品，包括九首交响曲，五首钢琴曲和一部歌剧”排序第四；第五句总结文章，介绍贝多芬的成就，故D选项“直到1827年去世，他创作了130多部音乐作品，包括他的D小调第九交响曲”排序第五。故顺序为CBAED。第三节选句填空(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Manypeopleregardsharksasdangerousmonsters.Buthumanbeingscauseafargreaterdangertothemthantheydotous.Althoughsharkattacksdooccur,theyarequiterare.Accordingtoasurvey,however,humanskill100millionsharkseveryyear.___17___Whyshouldwesavethesharks?Sharkstakeupthetoppositiononthefoodchainintheocean.Assharksdieoff,thepopulationoftheanimalsthatsharkseatwillincrease.This,inturn,meansthatthenumberofthecreaturesthoseanimalseatwilldrop.___18___Fishthateatalgae(藻类)arealsoincluded.Thiscancausealgaetospreadsomuchthatitdamagescoralreefs(珊瑚礁).___19___TheoceannotonlyproducesmoreoxygenthanalltherainforestsonEarthbined,butalsoremoveshalfofthemanmadegreenhousegasfromtheatmosphere.Oncesharksdieoff,theglobalecosystemwillbeupset,affectingallcreaturesincludinghumanbeings.Don’tusesharkproductsFirst,vitaminenergydrinksandleathergoodscanbemadefromsharkparts.___20___Inaddition,sharkmeatissoldaroundtheworld,sometimesundermisleadingnamessuchasrocksalmonorwhitefish.Sharkfinsoupisapopulardish.However,theprocessofgettingfinsiscruel.Fishermencuttheshark’sfinsoffandthenthrowthesharkbackintothewater,stillalive.___21___Sharksbreathebyswimming,soasharkthatcan’tswimwilldie.A.Actually,thekillingofsharkswillaffectthewholeplanet.B.Sharkoilisalsousedinmanypopularbeautyproducts.C.Thenthesharkdiesslowly,sometimesoverseveraldays.D.Itistimeforchildrentolearnaboutsharks.E.Peopleinsomecountriesareespeciallykeenonsharkproducts.F.Thisnumberisawarningthatmanykindsofsharksmaydieout.G.Amongthemaresomeseafishthathumanseateveryday.【答案】17.F18.G19.A20.B21.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述为什么要保护鲨鱼以及如何保护鲨鱼。【17题详解】根据上文“Althoughsharkattacksdooccur,theyarequiterare.Accordingtooneestimate,however,humanskill100millionsharkseveryyear.(虽然鲨鱼袭击事件确实发生，但却非常罕见，然而，据估计，人类每年杀死1亿只鲨鱼)”可知，人类每年杀死1亿只鲨鱼，下文“Whyshouldwesavethesharks?(为什么我们应该保护鲨鱼)”提到我们应该保护鲨鱼，所以F项“这个数字是一个警告，许多种类的鲨鱼可能会灭绝”符合语境，F项中“Thisnumber”指代上文的“100million”，故选F项。【18题详解】上文“Assharksdieoff,thepopulationoftheanimalsthatsharkseatwillincrease.This,inturn,meansthatthenumberofthecreaturesthoseanimalseatwilldrop.(随着鲨鱼的死亡，鲨鱼所食用的动物的数量将会增加。反过来，这就意味着这些动物吃的生物数量会减少)”提到鲨鱼数量减少会使其引以为食的动物数量增加，这些动物引以为食的生物数量就会减少，结合下文“Fishthateatalgae(藻类)arealsoincluded.(吃藻类的鱼也包括在内)”中的also可知，空处应是提到数量减少的生物包括哪些，G项“其中有一些是人类每天食用的海鱼”符合语境，G项中的“them”指代上文的“thecreatures”，故选G项。【19题详解】根据下文“TheoceannotonlyproducesmoreoxygenthanalltherainforestsonEarthbined,butalsoremoveshalfofthemanmadegreenhousegasfromtheatmosphere.Oncesharksdieoff,theglobalecosystemwillbeupset,affectingallcreaturesincludinghumanbeings.(海洋不仅产生的氧气比地球上所有热带雨林的总和还要多，而且还从大气中消除了一半的人为温室气体。一旦鲨鱼灭绝，全球生态系统将被破坏，影响到包括人类在内的所有生物)”可知，本段是讲述鲨鱼数量减少对全球的影响，A项“事实上，捕杀鲨鱼会影响到整个地球”统领本段，符合语境。故选A项。【20题详解】根据上文“First,vitaminenergydrinksandleathergoodscanbemadefromsharkparts.(首先，鲨鱼的部分可以制成维生素能量饮料和皮革制品)”及下文“Inaddition,sharkmeatissoldaroundtheworld,sometimesundermisleadingnamessuchasrocksalmonorwhitefish.(此外，鲨鱼肉在世界各地销售，有时会被冠以误导性的名字，如岩鲑或白鱼)”可知，本段是描述鲨鱼制品，B项“鲨鱼油也被用于许多流行的美容产品中”符合语境，故选B项。【21题详解】根据上文“Fishermencuttheshark’sfinsoffandthenthrowthesharkbackintothewater,stillalive.(渔民割下鲨鱼的鱼鳍，然后把还活着的鲨鱼扔回水中)”可知，被割掉鱼鳍的鲨鱼被扔回海里，结合下文“Sharksbreathebyswimming,soasharkthatcan’tswimwilldie.(鲨鱼通过游泳呼吸，所以不会游泳的鲨鱼会死亡)”可知，没有鱼鳍的鲨鱼不会游泳，所以几天就会死亡，C项“然后鲨鱼慢慢死去，有时会持续几天”符合语境，故选C项。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分25分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A13yearoldgirlfromConnecticutcameupwithasmartideaandbrightenedthedaysofhundredsofsickkids.____22____toseeherdearsisterlyingonthehospitalbedthreemonthsago,EllaCasano____23____theMediTeddy,astuffedanimalbagthatcontainsanIVpocket(静脉注射袋).Thebackofthe____24____consistsofanet,allowingadoctorornursetoseethroughandcheckontheliquid____25____thatachildisreceiving.Fromthefront,thechildseesa____26____faceinsteadoftheIVliquidpocket.Atthebeginning,Ellahopedto____27____$5,000throughaGoFundMepage，whichwouldhaveallowedhertostartproducing500MediTeddys,thesmallestnumber____28____bythemanufacturer(厂家)todothejob.____29____,injustoveraweek,Ella’spagecollectedmorethan$20,000.Althoughhersisterrecoveredsoon,Ellawasamazedbytheunexpectedlevelof____30____anddecidedtoworkharder.Shesharedwithalocalnewspaper,“Itturnsoutkidsaren’ttheonlyoneswhoget_____31_____bytheMediTeddy.The_____32_____forithasbeenquiteobviousamongpatients,bothchildrenandadults,andevenpetownersnationwide.Wewanttocontinueto_____33_____MediTeddystoasmanychildrenaswecantomakea_____34_____intheirlives.”Thesamemotivationhasalso_____35_____Ella’smum.“It’sreallybeenheartwarmingtoreceivesuch_____36_____emailsfromallovertheworld,”shesaid.“Andit’sinspiringmetocontributetotheprocess.”22.A.Sad B.Nervous C.Angry D.Surprised23.A.bought B.created C.found D.filled24.A.basket B.bed C.window D.bag25.A.medicine B.sugar C.juice D.food26.A.serious B.strange C.friendly D.mon27A.earn B.raise C.exchange D.donate28.A.changed B.collected C.required D.reduced29.A.Besides B.Anyway C.Therefore D.However30.A.response B.petition C.treatment D.performance31.A.surrounded B.forted C.accepted D.connected32.A.design B.reason C.need D.test33.A.leavebehind B.showoff C.handin D.giveaway34.A.difference B.plan C.deal D.decision35.A.educated B.trained C.advised D.impacted36.A.private B.formal C.supportive D.humorous【答案】22.A23.B24.D25.A26.C27.B28.C29.D30.A31.B32.C33.D34.A35.D36.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了13岁的女孩她发明了一款名为“美迪泰迪熊”的毛绒玩具袋，里面有一个输液袋，受到了生病孩子们的欢迎。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：三个月前，埃拉·卡萨诺看到自己亲爱的妹妹躺在医院的病床上，心里很难过，于是她发明了一款名为“美迪泰迪熊”的毛绒玩具袋，里面有一个输液袋。A.Sad悲伤的；B.Nervous紧张的；C.Angry生气的；D.Surprised惊讶的。根据“seeherdearsisterlyingonthehospitalbedthreemonthsago，”可知，埃拉·卡萨诺看到自己亲爱的妹妹躺在医院的病床上，肯定心里很难过。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：三个月前，埃拉·卡萨诺看到自己亲爱的妹妹躺在医院的病床上，心里很难过，于是她发明了一款名为“美迪泰迪熊”的毛绒玩具袋，里面有一个输液袋。A.bought买；B.created创造；C.found发现；D.filled装满。根据“A13yearoldgirlfromConnecticutcameupwithasmartideaandbrightenedthedaysofhundredsofsickkids.”可知，埃拉·卡萨诺发明了一款名为“美迪泰迪熊”的毛绒玩具袋，里面有一个输液袋。故选B。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：袋子的背面有一个网兜，医生或护士可以透过网兜检查孩子注射的液体药物。A.basket篮子；B.bed床；C.window窗户；D.bag包、兜。根据“astuffedanimalbagthatcontainsanIVpocket(静脉注射袋).”可知，输液袋的背面有一个网兜。故选D。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：袋子的背面有一个网兜，医生或护士可以透过网兜检查孩子注射的液体药物。A.medicine药物；B.sugar糖；C.juice果汁；D.food食物。根据“astuffedanimalbagthatcontainsanIVpocket(静脉注射袋).”和常识可知，输液袋里面是药物。故选A。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从正面看，孩子看到的是一张友善的脸，而不是输液袋。A.serious认真的；B.strange奇怪的；C.friendly友好的；D.mon普通的。根据“insteadoftheIVliquidpocket.”可知，孩子看到的是一张美迪泰迪熊友善的脸。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一开始，埃拉希望通过GoFundMe页面筹集5000美元，这样她就可以开始生产500只“美迪泰迪熊”，这是制造商要求的最小数量。A.earn赚得；B.raise提高；筹集；C.exchange交换；D.donate捐赠。根据“____8____,injustoveraweek,Ella’spagecollectedmorethan$20,000.”可知，埃拉希望通过GoFundMe页面筹集5000美元，用来生产“美迪泰迪熊”。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一开始，埃拉希望通过GoFundMe页面筹集5000美元，这样她就可以开始生产500只“美迪泰迪熊”，这是制造商要求的最小数量。A.changed改变；B.collected收集；C.required要求；D.reduced减少。根据“bythemanufacturer(厂家)todothejob.”可知，厂家要求生产的最小数量是500。故选C。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，仅仅一周多的时间，埃拉的主页就筹集了两万多美元。A.Besides此外；B.Anyway不管怎样；C.Therefore因此；D.However然而。根据“injustoveraweek,Ella’spagecollectedmorethan$20,000.”可知，埃拉希望筹集5000美元，然而，仅仅一周多的时间，埃拉就筹集了两万多美元。故选D。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然她的妹妹很快就恢复了，但埃拉对这种出乎意料的反应感到惊讶，并决定更努力地工作。A.response反应、回应；B.petition竞争；C.treatment治疗；D.performance表现。根据“anddecidedtoworkharder．”可知，埃拉对“美迪泰迪熊”出乎意料的受欢迎感到惊讶，这是人们对“美迪泰迪熊”的反应，故选A。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，孩子们并不是唯一能从“美迪泰迪熊”那里得到安慰的人。A.surrounded围绕；B.forted安慰；C.accepted接受；D.connected连接。根据“bytheMediTeddy.”可知，孩子可以从“美迪泰迪熊”那里得到安慰。故选B。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论是儿童还是成人，甚至是全国的宠物主人，对它的需求都相当明显。A.design设计；B.reason原因；C.need需要；D.test测试。根据“Itturnsoutkidsaren’ttheonlyoneswhoget____10____bytheMediTeddy.”可知，对“美迪泰迪熊”的需求很大。故选C。【33题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我们想继续向尽可能多的孩子赠送“美迪泰迪熊”，让他们的生活有所不同。A.leavebehind遗留；B.showoff炫耀；C.handin上交；D.giveaway赠送。根据“toasmanychildrenaswecantomakea____13____intheirlives.”可知，埃拉会继续向尽可能多的孩子赠送“美迪泰迪熊”。故选D。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们想继续向尽可能多的孩子赠送“美迪泰迪熊”，让他们的生活有所不同。A.difference不同；B.plan计划；C.deal交易；D.decision决定。makeadifference有区别，有影响。根据“Wewanttocontinueto____12____MediTeddys”可知，埃拉会继续向尽可能多的孩子赠送“美迪泰迪熊”，让他们的生活有所不同。故选A。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同样的动机也影响了埃拉的妈妈。A.educated教育；B.trained培训；C.advised建议；D.impacted对……产生影响。根据““It’sreallybeenheartwarmingtoreceivesuch____15____emailsfromallovertheworld,”shesaid.“Andit’sinspiringmetocontributetotheprocess.””可知，埃拉的动机也影响了妈妈。故选D。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“收到来自世界各地的支持邮件真的很暖心，”她说。“它激励着我为这个过程做出贡献。”A.private私人的；B.formal正式的；C.supportive支持的；D.humorous幽默的。根据“Andit’sinspiringmetocontributetotheprocess.”可知，埃拉妈妈收到来自世界各地支持的邮件。故选C。第二节短文语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。FuchsiaDunlopfromtheUKlikestopostherexperiencesoffoodfromaroundtheworldonsocialmedia.SincetheoutbreakofCOVID19,cookingChinesefood____37____(bee)awayforhertodealwiththe“endlesslockdown”.____38____(realize)herdreamofbeingacook,shedecidedtoetoChengdu,____39____shelearnedlocalcookingskillsin1994.Sevenyearslater,Dunloppublishedherfirstbook,SichuanCookery,____40____(praise)as“oneofthetop10cookbooksofalltime”.Sofar,shehaspublishedfivebooksaboutChinesecuisines,showingherdeepunderstandingofthefoodculturethat____41____(run)inthebloodofChinesepeople.HavingstudiedChinesefoodculturefornearly20years,sheregardsJiangnan____42____thecenterofthenation’sgastronomy(美食学).Thedecisivemomentwasin2008whenshewenttoLongjingCaotang,____43____restaurantinHangzhou.Thewholecookingmethodwassomovingand____44____(impress)that,atthatmoment,shedecidedtowriteabookaboutthearea.AccordingtoDunlop,bypresentingthe____45____(dish),sheistryingtopaintapictureoftheareaand