新高考英语一轮复习词汇灾害防范练习含答案

灾害防范教材链接:人教B1U4、XB2U5,外研B3U6,译林B3U2,北师大XB1U3词汇清单名词acid 酸ambulance 救护车brick 砖;砖块charity 慈善;慈善机构column 圆柱;专栏crisis 危机;危急关头death 死;死亡destination 目的地;终点disaster 灾难;灾害earthquake 地震effect 效果,影响effort 努力;艰难的尝试;尽力emergency 突发事件;紧急情况export 出口;出口产品flood 洪水,水灾fund 基金;专款hurricane 飓风import 进口;输入的产品kit 成套工具;成套设备lap (坐着时的)大腿部motion 运动;移动midnight 子夜,午夜needle 针;注射针operator 电话接线员;操作员percent 百分之……pipe 管子;管道power 电力供应;能量property 所有物,资产,财产shelter 住处;庇护;避难所shock 震惊;休克staff 全体职工;管理人员stair 楼梯;梯级suburb 郊区;城外supply 供应量;储备;补给threat 威胁trunk 树干tornado 龙卷风tsunami 海啸typhoon 台风victim 受害者;患者volcano 火山ward 病房wave 海浪;波浪welfare 幸福;福祉;福利动词aid 帮助,援助bleed 流血;失血choke (使)窒息;(使)哽咽collapse (突然)倒塌;昏倒crash 碰撞;撞击delay 推迟;耽误donate 捐赠,捐献ease (使)宽慰;减轻erupt (火山)爆发,喷发exit 出去,退场forecast 预测,预报interrupt 打断;打扰panic (使)惊慌react (对……)作出反应rescue 营救;救援scare 惊吓,害怕slide (使)滑行;滑动slip 滑倒;滑落;溜走strike 侵袭;突击;击打survive 生存;存活swallow 吞下;咽下sweep 打扫;清扫trap 使落入险境;使陷入圈套wrap 包,裹;(用手臂等)围住形容词calm 镇静的;沉着的desperate 绝望的;孤注一掷的electric 电的,用电的,电动的loose 松的;未系紧的odd 奇特的,古怪的practical 实际的;实践的sharp 灵敏的;锋利的;急剧的tight 牢固的;紧的;紧身的副词downstairs 在楼下,往楼下immediately 即刻,马上otherwise 否则,要不然即练即清一、单句填空1.Themost(power)earthquakeinthepast40yearscausedatsunamithatcrashedintocoastlinesacrossAsiayesterday,killingmorethan6,500people...(人教B1U4)

2.Yes,eachsummerinLondondefinitelyseemshotterthanthelast.Isuddenlyfeelabit(scare).Perhapsnowisthetimetostartplanningforthefuture?(外研B3U6)

3.Ifyou(trap),don'tbepanic.Donotmoveabout.Useacellphone,knockonpipesorwalls,oruseawhistle,ifyouhaveone.(重大B2U5)

4.Unfortunately,in1995disaster(strike)Reeve.Whilehorsebackriding,hewasthrownoffhishorseandbrokehisneck.(北师大B2U6)

5.ChenWei,ahighschoolstudentinBeijing,hadhisdinner(interrupt)whenheheardsomeonescreamingfromanothertable.(人教XB2U5)

6.DoingtheHeimlichmanoeuvre(海姆利希急救法)isquick,(practice),andeasy.Itissoeasy,infact,thatalmostanyonecanlearnhow.(人教XB2U5)

7.Whenwe(rescue),wefeltsuchreliefandjoythatmanyofuscouldnothideourtears.(人教XB3U4改)

8.Beforeweabandonedtheship,Shackleton(calm)calledustogetherandtoldustorescueourmostessentialsupplies—thesmallboats,ourfood,thecookstove,candles,clothes,andblankets.(人教XB3U4)

9.Becauseoftheirsmallsizeandsharpsenseofsmell,dogscanlocate(survive)muchfasterthanhumanscan.(译林B3U2)

10.Choking(victim)usuallyhaveonlyaboutfourminutesbeforetheycollapseandsometimesdie.(人教XB2U5)

11.Herstudents'(react)wasquickandcorrect—theymovedundertheirdesks,headfirst,andheldontothelegsofthedesks.(译林B3U2)

12.Morethan10,000doctorsandnursescametoprovidemedicalcare.Workersbuilt(shelter)forsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.(人教B1U4)

13.Theworst(erupt)inhumanhistorywasprobablyMtTamborain1815,inIndonesia.DustfromthevolcanorolledacrosstheEarth'sskies.(北师大XB1U3)

14.Expertswarnthatasinglequakecouldcausethe(die)ofupto3millionpeopleinsomeoverpopulatedcities.(重大B2U5)

15.Evenmorebuildingsfelldown.Water,food,and(electric)werehardtoget.Peoplebegantowonderhowlongthedisasterwouldlast.(人教B1U4)

16.Mostdisasterexpertsbelievethatthingscouldgetalotworse.ProfessorHouMingofPekingUniversitystudies(volcano).Hewarnsthattheworldhasnotseentheworstyet.(北师大XB1U3)

17.Anearthquakecanhavedamagingeffectsourhomes,property,environment,andespeciallylife.(重大B2U5)

18.Afellowdinerattherestaurant,ZhangTao,(choke)onsomesteak.Hewasnowholdinghisthroatwithhisfaceturningred...(人教XB2U5)

19.Theycanusematstopreventchildren(slip)onfloors,especiallyinthebathroom.(2023福建厦门一中期中)

20.Georgiarushedtothenearestmedicineshoptobuysomebandagesforthewomantostopthe(bleed).(2023河南商开大联考期末)

21.Adecreaseinaveragerainfallandanincreaseintheseverityofdroughtshaveledtoanestimated75percentofTunisia'sagriculturallands(threat)bydesertification.(2023辽宁大连八中期中)

22.Ninaopenedthenewspaperonemorningandwas(shock)toreadthatthousandsofdogshadlosttheirhomesbecauseofthestorm.(2023广西南宁期末)

答案1.powerful2.scared3.aretrapped4.struck5.interrupted6.practical7.wererescued8.calmly9.survivors10.victims11.reaction12.shelters13.eruption14.death15.electricity16.volcanoes/volcanos17.on/upon18.waschoking19.slipping20.bleeding21.beingthreatened22.shocked二、语境运用阅读下面材料,根据提示补全短文。(A)Somerulesareuniversalformostnaturaldisasters.Haveabasic1.(survive)kittoprovideyou2.themostimportantthingsjustincase.Rememberyouwillneedtohaveenoughfood,waterandother3.(supply)foratleast72hoursafterthedisaster.

Onceyouhaveeverythingset,youarewell-preparedforwhateverdisasteror4.(emerge)thathits.(沪外XB2U4改)

(B)DuringanEarthquake,ifyouareinsideabuilding:Stay5.youareuntiltheshakingstops.Donotheadforthedoorwayasthisdoesnotprovideprotectionfromfallingorflyingobjects,andyoumaynotbeabletoremain6.(stand).Donotusetheelevatororlift.Coveryourheadandneckwithyourarms7.(protect)yourselffromfallingthings.Stayawayfromglass,windows8.anythingthatcouldfall.Holdontoanystrongcoveringsothatyoucanmovewithituntiltheshakingstops.

Ifyouareoutside:Whenyoufeeltheshaking,moveawayfrombuildings,streetlights,treesandelectric9.(wire).Onceintheopen,“Drop,CoverandHoldOn.”Staythereuntiltheshakingstops.Ifyouareinamovingvehiclewhenyoufeeltheshaking,stopasquicklyand10.(safe)aspossibleandstayinthevehicle.(重大B2U5改)

答案1.survival2.with3.supplies4.emergency5.where6.standing7.toprotect8.and9.wires10.safely写作提升练一段续写阅读短文,依据故事情节并结合下方问题提示续写故事,词数80左右。ThedaybeganlikeanyotheronGoldshoreBeach.Peoplewerewalking,runningorsimplysittingonthesandybeach,enjoyingthewarmseaairandthesoftwindthatbrushedtheirhair.Sabrina,a10-year-oldgirl,togetherwithherparents,wasoneofthehappytouristsuntilshenoticedsomethingodd.Thewaterwaslikethebubblesonthetopofabeer.Itwasn'tcalmanditwasn'tgoinginandthenout.Itwasjustcominginandinandin.SabrinahadjustlearntabouttsunamisinaGeographylesson.Itimmediatelyoccurredtoherthattheseweresignsofanapproachingtsunami.(译林B3U2改)问题:1.HowdidSabrinafeelwhenshewasawareoftheapproachingtsunami?2.WhatdidSabrinado?3.Wastherereallyatsunami?Wasthepeopleonthebeachsaved?要求:1.仿照材料写作手法续写故事;2.内容应涉及材料中的相关信息;3.条理清晰,表达流畅,情节完整。