新教材2024版高中英语Unit5EducationPartEGrammar-havegetsth.done学生用书北师大版选择性必修第二册

PartEGrammar—have/getsth.done一、含义have和get属于使役动词，该结构是“使役动词＋对象(宾语)＋动词的过去分词”，“对象(宾语)”和后面作宾补的“非谓语动词”之间是被动关系，表示“让……被做”，或该事情由别人来完成。从另一个角度来看，“主语＋have/get＋sth.＋done(sb.doessth.for主语)”可表示某人做主语要求或指导他们做的事情。强调的是过程行为，而不是由谁来执行。❶Ihavehadmybicyclerepaired.我已请人修理了我的自行车。❷Ihavegotmyhomeworkfinished.我请人完成了我的家庭作业。❸Wewillhavethehousepaintednextweek.下星期我们将请人把房子粉刷一遍。(我们不是自己要装修，而是要让其他人来装修。这个句子强调的是房子被装修的事实而不是谁要负责装修)留意：这个句型与现在完成时和过去完成时不一样，如下表所示：CompareIhadmyhaircut.Someonecutmyhair.I'vecutmyhair.I'dcutmyhair.Icutmyownhair.二、用法1．表示“支配某人做某事，使某事物被处理”，即我们通常所说的“让某事被其他人做”。这种状况多指技术类的工作让别人完成，如房屋装修、机器修理等专业的技术活儿。❶Lastyear,wehadthehouserebuilt.去年，我们的房子翻新过了。(翻新居子的不是我们自己，而是建筑工人)❷We'rehavingourcarrepaired.我们正在修车呢。(修车的不是我们自己，而是修车工人)2．表示“遭受到某事”，通常是令人不快的事务；多指“某人偷了、弄坏或破坏了属于主语的东西”。❶She'shadherwallettaken.她的钱包被人拿走了。❷Theyhavehadtheirrequestrefused.他们的要求被拒绝了。❸Ifshe'slucky,she'llhaveherbusinessplanaccepted.假如她够幸运的话，她的商业支配会被接受。3．表示“处于某种状态”。此时也可以将havesth.done中的done改为形容词或介词短语，作宾语补足语。❶Brownhashardlyanymoneysavedforhisoldage.布朗几乎没为他的晚年存什么钱。(布朗过着没有存款的生活)❷Ihadmyeyeshalf-closed.我半闭着眼睛。(形容词half-closed作宾语补足语，意义相当于withmyeyeshalf-closed)❸Themedicinewillsoonhaveyouonyourfeetagain.这药会让你很快复原健康的。(介词短语onyourfeet作宾语补足语，表示“回到健康状态”)我们常常可以看到havesth.done相像的句式getsth.done。getsth.done不仅与havesth.done形式相近，它同样可以表示havesth.done的三种含义。❹Goandgetyourhaircut!你快去理发去！(表示让别人来给此人理发)❺Shegotherfingerscaughtinthedoor.她的手指让门给夹了。(表示遭受到“手指被门夹”)4．表示当句子主语所指代的人自己做了某件事，造成某种后果(也可能出于偶然)，或应当担当责任时。I'llgetthehousecleanedifyoucookthedinner.假如你做饭，我就把房子打扫干净。5．当更留意行为的结果而不是行为本身时，多用have。❶I'llhavethehousecleanedbythetimeyougethome.你到家时我会把房子打扫干净的。❷Suehadherfingerstrappedinthebikechainforhalfanhour.苏的手指被卡在自行车链条里半个小时了。6．想要说明主语不允许某人或某事发生什么状况时，用won't(或willnot)have，不用get。❶Iwon'thavehimspokentolikethat.我不允许他那样说话。❷Iwon'thavemynamedraggedthroughthedirtbythepress.我不允许媒体抹黑我的名声。三、havesb./sth.dosth.与havesb./sth.doingsth.和havesb./sth.done及havesth.todo的比较与区分havesb./sth.dosth.与havesb./sth.doingsth.两者都是宾语发出的主动动作。前者指“使某人/某物做某事(指一次性的详细的动作)”；后者指“使某人/某物始终处于某种状态”，常用一段时间作状语。havesth.done这一结构中的宾语与宾补动词是被动关系。havesth.todo这一结构中的have意为“有”，即“有某事要做”。1．havesth.done“have＋sth.(宾语)＋过去分词(宾语补足语)”意为“让/叫/使/请别人做某事”，宾语sth.后面用过去分词作宾语补足语，说明sth.与过去分词表示的动作之间是被动关系。❶Wehadthemachinemendedjustnow.我们刚才请人把机器修好了。❷Hehashadhishaircut.他(请人给他)理发了。❸Thepatientisgoingtohavehistemperaturetaken.这个病人打算请/叫/让人为他量体温。❹You'dbetterhaveyourtricyclerepaired.你最好找人把你的三轮车修一下。❺Theoldmanhadhishousebuiltofbricksandmud,ratherthanconcrete.老人的房子是用砖和泥建立的，而不是用混凝土。❻Shehadherreturnticketstolenyesterday.昨天她的来回票被偷了。❼I'dliketohavetheroomdecoratedwithbeautifulflowers.我想让人把房间装饰上美丽的花儿。(由别人完成)❽Shehadallherjewellerystolen.她全部的珠宝都被偷了。❾Unfortunately,hehadhisrightleginjuredduringthetraining.不幸的是，他在训练中把右腿弄伤了。2．havesb.dosth.“have＋sb.(宾语)＋dosth.(宾语补足语)”意为“让/叫/使某人做某事”。此结构中的have是使役动词，sb.作宾语，其后的dosth.是省去to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。❶Thebossoftenhasthemworkfor14hoursaday.老板常常让他们一天工作14个小时。❷I'llhavesomeonerepairthebikeforyou.我会让人为你修理这辆自行车的。❸Don'tforgettohaveMrBrowncometoourparty.(＝Don'tforgettoask/inviteMrBrowntocometoourparty.)别忘了让布朗先生来参与我们的聚会。❹Youcanhavethetranslatorhelpyou.你可以让翻译员帮助你。❺Thebosshadmesetdownwhatpeoplepresentatthemeetingsaid.老板让我记录下出席会议的人员所说的话。3．havesb./sth.doing“have＋sb./sth.(宾语)＋现在分词(宾语补足语)”意为“叫/让/使某人做某事或让某种状况发生”，宾语sb./sth.后面用现在分词作宾语补足语，表示宾语与现在分词表示的动作之间为主动关系，且动作正在进行。❶Don'thavethebabycrying！不要让婴儿啼哭！❷Don'thavethedogbarkingmuch,LiLin.李林，别让狗狂吠不停。❸You'dbetterhaveyourcarrunningslowly.你最好慢点儿开车。❹Hehadhisassistantgettinginvolvedinthematter.他让他的助理介入这件事。❺Isawshehadtearsrunningdownhercheeksatlunchtodayandoneoftheotherteachersgaveherahug.在今日午饭时我看到她流泪了，其他老师中的一个拥抱了她。[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子①ThecomputerIhad________(repair)yesterdaybrokedownagain.②Thailandgotsomefamousbuildings________(destroy)intheflood.③Hehasbeenlookingforwardtohavinghisreputation________(improve).④Thefarmershadthetractors________(work)dayandnightattheharvesttime.⑤Don'thavethewater________(run)whenyoubrushyourteeth.⑥HewasalittlepoorinEnglishbuthehadhisvocabulary________(expand)gradually.⑦Thebuildinghadbeenoutofconditionforyears,sowedecidedtogetit________(rebuild).⑧Thedirectorhadherassistant________(pick)upsomehotdogsforthemeeting.⑨—DidPeterfixthecomputerhimself?—Hehadit________(fix),becausehedidn'tknowmuchaboutcomputers.⑩Thereissomethingwrongwiththebrakeofmynewcar,andIhavetohaveit________(check).⑪Hedroppedfromatreeand________________________(左胳膊骨折).⑫I________________________(将完成我的工作)beforesixo'clockthisafternoon.⑬Mother________________________(让我去商店)andbuysomesalt.⑭Doyouhaveanyclothes________________________(要洗)today?Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Wehadthesuperbcar________(deliver)totheairport.2．Hundredsofpeoplehadtheirhomes________(destroy)bytheunbearablehurricane.3．Ihadmytroublesomeappendix________(remove)whenIwassix.4．Tomhadhisforehead________(break)inafight.5．Wegotalotofpreciousbooks________(leave)intheclassroom.6．Finally,Ihadmyteeth________(fill)yesterdayafternoon.7．Theprincessisgoingtohavehernewclothes________(make)byayoungtailor.8．Theplacelooksmuchmorebeautifulsincetheyhadit______(decorate).9．Ineedanewpassport,soIwillhavetohavemyphotographs________(take).10．Clairehadherluggage________(check)anhourbeforeherplaneleft.Ⅱ.单句写作1．她想请一位闻名的画家画她的肖像画。________________________________________________________________________2．我们应当找个医生给她检查一下。________________________________________________________________________3．我昨天把我的羽绒服拿到干洗店洗了。________________________________________________________________________4．你通常在哪里理发？________________________________________________________________________5．我们须要提前找人把这台机器修好。________________________________________________________________________Ⅲ.短文语法填空TheChristmasDaywasapproaching.IhadourChristmastree1.________(decorate),soIhadmyhusband2.________(water)theflowersandgrassafterbreakfast.Ihadhim3.________(work)inthegardenallthemorning.Unfortunately,hehadhishand4.________(injure)whilemowingthelawn.Mysoncalledinhisuncleandwehadhim5.________(rush)tothehospital.Hurriedly,Ifoundmyfriend,adoctor,alsoanexcellentdoctor,andanxiouslyhadhim6.________(examine)myhusband.Thedoctor,whowasverybusyandhadalotofpatients7.________(treat),hadmyhusband8.________(lie)formorethanhalfanhour,attendingtohisinjury.Atnoon,althoughwewerehungry,wehadnotime9.________(buy)somethingtoeat.Forthewholeafternoon,Ikeptmyhusbandcompanyforinjectionsinthehospital.Intheevening,weretur