2024年北京高考英语试题解析(含精校试题+解析)

PAGEPAGE142024年课标全国卷高考真题解析样稿例如第一节单项填空21.A9【2024·课标北京卷】___________theearlyflight,weorderedataxiinadvanceandgotupeveryearly.A.Catching B.CaughtC.Tocatch D.Catch【答案与解析】C考查非谓语动词。根据语境，“为了赶上早航班，我们提前订了出租车〞，用不定式表示目的，此处需要目的状语。所以，选C。22.A11【2024·课标北京卷】—Didyouenjoytheparty?—Yes,we__________wellbyourhosts.A.weretreated B.wouldbetreatedC.treated D.hadtreated【答案与解析】A考查动词时态和语态。根据上下文，这里谈的事举行过的一次聚会，应该用过去时，再加上“我们是被主人招待的〞，所以综合考虑，这里需要用过去时的被动式，选A.23.A9【2024·课标北京卷】Theparkwasfullofpeople,_____________themselvesinthesunshine.A.havingenjoyed B.enjoyedC.enjoying D.toenjoy【答案与解析】C考查非谓语动词。enjoying为现在分词做状语，充当句子的伴随状语，与前面的people形成逻辑上的主谓关系。所以选C。24.A15【2024·课标北京卷】OppositeisSt.Paul’sChurch,__________youcanhearsomelovelymusic.A.which B.thatC.when D.where【答案与解析】D考查定语从句。空格前面是一个表示地点的专有名词St.Paul’sChurch，其后的定语从句中有主语和谓语，缺失的是表示地点的状语，相当于“在这个教堂里〞，所以选D。25.A6【2024·课标北京卷】Heisashyman,___________heisnotafraidofanythingoranyone.A.so B.but C.or D.as【答案与解析】B考查并列句的连接词。根据语境，“他是个腼腆的人，但他并不怕任何事或任何人〞。but用来连接并列但语义比照的两个句子。26.A11【2024·课标北京卷】Inthelastfewyears,China__________greatachievementsinenvironmentalprotection.A.hasmad B.hadmadeC.wasmaking D.ismaking【答案与解析】A考查动词时态。根据时间状语inthelastfewyears可知，在最近的几年里，是从过去到现在的情况，所以用现在完成时。27.A11【2024·课标北京卷】—DidyouhaveanydifficultyfindingAnn’shouse?—Notreally.She_______________uscleardirectionsandwewereabletofinditeasily.A.wastogive B.hadgivenC.wasgiving D.wouldgive【答案与解析】B考查动词时态。根据问话中的过去时判断，Ann告诉方向应该是在找到她家之前，也就是过去的过去，所以适合用过去完成时。28.A14【2024·课标北京卷】Youwon’tfindpapercuttingdifficult____________youkeeppracticingit.A.eventhough B.aslongasC.asif D.eversince【答案与解析】B考查状语从句。eventhough=evenif“即使〞，引导让步状语从句；aslongas“只要〞，引导条件状语从句，相当于if；asif=asthough“仿佛，好似〞，引导方式状语从句；eversince“自从〞，引导时间状语从句。本句意思是只要坚持练习，剪纸就不难。所以选B。29.A10【2024·课标北京卷】—Can’tyoustayalittlelonger?—It’sgettinglate.Ireally_____________gonow.Mydaughterishomealone.A.may B.canC.must D.dare【答案与解析】C考查情态动词用法。“天晚了，所以必须走〞。may可能，can能，可以，must必须，dare敢于。30.A11【2024·课标北京卷】—Dr.Jacksonisnotinhisofficeatthemoment.—Allright.I_____________himlater.A.willcall B.havecalledC.call D.willbecalling【答案与解析】A考查动词时态。根据第一句的时态判断，Dr.Jackson目前不在办公室，所以打电话时未来的事，选用A。31.A9【2024·课标北京卷】If_______________forthejob,you’llbeinformedsoon.A.toaccept B.acceptC.accepting D.accepted【答案与解析】D考查非谓语动词。本句的主语是you，是被接纳的对象，所以用过去分词表被动。前面的句子相当于〞Ifyouareaccepted〞,也可以视为省略的条件状语从句。32.A14【2024·课标北京卷】___________thedamageisdone,itwilltakemanyyearsforthefarmlandtorecover.A.Until B.UnlessC.Once D.Although【答案与解析】C考查状语从句。until引导时间状语从句，“直到…时候〞；unless引导条件状语从句，“除非，如果不〞；once引导时间状语从句，“一旦〞；although引导让步状语从句，“尽管〞。根据语境，这里是说“一旦造成损害，土地要好几年才能恢复〞。应选C。33.A13【2024·课标北京卷】Itrulybelieve____________beautycomesfromwithin.A.that B.whereC.what D.why【答案与解析】A考查名词性从句。believe后为宾语从句，从句中成分齐全，只需要一个连接词即可，所以选A。34.A10【2024·课标北京卷】IfI____________itwithmyowneyes,Iwouldn’thavebelievedit.A.didn’tsee B.weren’tseeingC.wouldn’tsee D.hadn’tseen【答案与解析】D考查虚拟语气。根据主句的时间推断，这里说的是过去的一件事情。因此，从句也要使用与过去事实相反的一种假设，应选D。35.A13【2024·课标北京卷】_____________weunderstandthingshasalottodowithwhatwefeel.A.Where B.HowC.Why D.When【答案与解析】B考查名词性从句。has之前的为句子的主语局部，即主语从句。根据语境，这里想表达“我们如何理解事物与我们的感受有很大关系，应选B。第二节完形填空(共20小题；每题1.5分，总分值30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中,选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWelcomeGiftDarioandhismotherlovedtheirnewapartment.Thelivingroomwaslargeenoughfortheirpiano.Thatnight,thetwoofthem___36___sidebysideatthepiano.Theyplayedjazzmusictocelebratetheirnewhome.Theloud___37___filledtheroomandmadethemfeelveryhappy.Thenextmorning,___38___,theirhappinessdisappeared.Someonehadlefta___39___undertheirdoorduringthenight.Oneoftheirneighborshadwrittentocomplain(抱怨)aboutthesoundofthepiano.Dario’smotheraskedthebuildingsuperintendent(管理员)ifheknewanythingaboutit.Buthesaidthattheywereall___40___peopleandhecouldn’timagineanyofthemhaddonethat.Laterthatmorning,Dariosuggestedthattheywritealettertotheir___41___andapologizefortheirplaying.“Maybewecouldgoand___42___everyoneinperson,〞hismothersaid.“Whatifweinvitedthemtocomeherefora___43___instead?〞Darioasked.Theybothlovedthe___44___.Overthenextfewdays,theysentoutinvitationsandprepareddesserts___45___theirguests.Theydecoratedtheapartmentwithstreams(彩带)andprettylights.Finally,thedayoftheparty___46___.Someguestsbroughtpresents.Othersbroughtflowers.Someevenbroughtdessertsto___47___.Onewoman,Mrs.Gilbert,___48___Dario’smotherwithabookofpianomusicbyChopin.“Iheardyouplayingtheothernight,〞shesaid,“Thesoundswokemeoutofbed.I___49___thatyoumightplaylikethiseverynight.SoIwroteashortnote.Ihopeyoudon’tthinkIdislikedtheplaying.〞Dario’smothersmiledatMrs.Gilbert.“Ithinkmaybewe___50___youanapology,〞shesaid.“Ididn’t___51___howlateitwaswhenwewereplaying.Maybeweshouldplaysomequietermusicatnight.〞“Youplay,youplay!〞Mrs.Gilbertsaid.“Ilikewhatyouplay!Justnotsoloudatnight.〞Shepointedtothebookshehadgiventhem.“Thesesongsarenotsuch___52___music.〞“Thesesongsarebeautifulmusic,〞Dario’smothersaid.“Wewillbe___53___toplaythemintheevening.〞“Andwewon’tplaysoloudorlate!〞Dariosaid.Hewasalreadylookingforwardto__54___thenewmusic.Morethanthat,however,hewashappytoseethebigsmileonhismother’sface.Itgavehimafeelingof___55___andmadehimfeelthattheywerehomeatlast.36. A.sat B.stood C.lay D.walked37.A.voice B.ring C.music D.cry38.A.therefore B.however C.otherwise D.instead39.A.note B.poster C.bill D.report40.A.proud B.rich C.lucky D.nice41.A.neighbors B.friends C.relatives D.audiences42.A.blame B.instruct C.question D.visit43.A.party B.concert C.show D.play44.A.experience B.idea C.performance D.action45.A.to B.with C.for D.from46.A.continued B.arrived C.passed D.finished47.A.order B.sell C.share D.advertise48.A.treated B.presented C.helped D.served49.A.promised B.admitted C.agreed D.worried50.A.give B.send C.offer D.owe51.A.realize B.remember C.understand D.accept52.A.sweet B.strange C.funny D.loud53.A.brave B.sorry C.happy D.afraid54.A.changing B.practicing C.recording D.writing55.A.equality B.freedom C.warmth D.sympathyB1【2024课标北京卷】【要点综述】本文讲述的是邻里冲突的故事。一对母子乔迁新居后的当天晚上一起弹奏钢琴进行庆祝，但第二天早上却收到了邻居充满抱怨的字条。母子商讨，最终决定举办一个聚会向邻居表达歉意。在参加聚会的邻居中，写抱怨字条的女士向母子赠送了一本轻音乐的书，邻里最终皆大欢喜。36.A此题考查动词词义辨析。根据下文的playjazzmusic可知，他们坐下弹奏钢琴。所以选择sat。stood站；lay躺；walked走。37.C此题考查名词词义辨析。根据语境中的jazzmusic,可知这里就是指爵士乐这种稍响的音乐music。voice人声；ring铃声；cry哭声。38.B此题考查副词词义辨析。根据上下句的逻辑关系，他们晚上庆祝的非常开心，第二天这种愉悦消失了。由此推断，选择的是however，然而,表示前后的转折。therefore因此；otherwise否那么；instead反而。39.A此题考查名词词义辨析。根据语境中的“undertheirdoor〞和后面文段中的“soIwroteashortnote〞来判断，门缝下下出现的应该是note，纸条。poster海报；bill账单；report报告。40.D此题考查形容词词义辨析。此空与空后的语句“hecouldn’timagineanyofthemhaddonethat〞形成比照关系，意思是“这里住的都是好人，但无法想象有人干了这件事〔写纸条〕〞由此可以推断修饰people的应该是nice，好。proud骄傲的；lucky幸运的；rich富有的。41.A此题考查名词词义辨析。根据上下文，写纸条的是邻居，因此抱歉信也应该写给邻居neighbors。friends朋友；relatives亲戚；audiences听众，观众。42.D此题考查动词词义辨析。根据语境，知道他们要向邻居抱歉，所以需要亲自〔inperson〕拜访visit。blame责备；instruct指导；question质疑。43.A此题考查名词词义辨析。根据后文46空处信息可知，他们决定改登门拜访为举办聚会party。concert音乐会；show演出；play话剧。44.B此题考查名词词义辨析。这里是母子在谈论如何向邻居致歉，想出了举办party的主意。因此母子都喜爱这个想法idea。experience经验，经历；performance表演；action行动。45.C此题考查介词词义辨析。根据语境，他们发出邀请，并为客人们准备了甜点。for，为了。to朝向；with带有、和；from从、来自。46.B此题考查动词词义辨析。根据语境，准备多日的聚会终于到来了arrived，来到。continued继续；passed通过，经过；finished完成。47.C此题考查动词词义。根据语境，客人们带来鲜花〔给作者和母亲〕，有的还带来了甜品，当然是和参加聚会的人分享，share。order订购；sell卖；advertise做广告。48.B此题考查动词词义辨析。根据上下文中写纸条、轻柔音乐等判断，Mrs.Gilbert赠送给母亲一本肖邦钢琴曲的书，presented，敬献，赠送。treated款待;helped帮助；served招待，伺候。49.D此题考查动词词义辨析。Mrs.Gilbert讲述投诉纸条的事情，当时被Dairo家里的琴声吵醒，担忧以后会每天都会被吵醒，才写了纸条。她表达的是自己当时的担忧worried。promised承诺；admitted成认，容许；agreed赞成。50.D此题考查动词词义辨析。根据上下文，Mrs.Gibert和Dario的妈妈冰释前嫌，但Dario的妈妈觉得自己深夜弹琴吵醒邻居，仍然欠邻居一个抱歉，亏欠owe。give给予；send发送；offer提供。51.A此题考查动词词义辨析。根据上下文Dario和妈妈的做事方式可知，他们属于素质较高的人群，根绝他们反省自己的弹琴行为给邻居带来麻烦，心怀诚意抱歉等细节推断，当时弹琴时对时间没意识到，realize。remember记住；understand知道；accept接受。52.D此题考查形容词词义辨析。根据此空前“Justnotsoloudatnight.〞以及上文“Maybeweshouldplaysomequietermusicatnight.〞推断书里的音乐应不是特别吵的音乐,loud。sweet甜的，甜美的；strange奇怪的；funny有趣的。53.C此题考查形容词词义辨析。文章中双方和解，Mrs.Gibert还送出了音乐的书以及Dario’smother说的“Thesesoundsarebeautifulmusic〞，这些都说明Dario和妈妈的态度应该很快乐在黄昏弹奏这些音乐，happy。brave勇敢；sorry抱歉，遗憾；afraid担忧，害怕。54.B此题考查动词词义辨析。根据语境，Mrs.Gibert送给他们一本音乐的书，他们乐于接受，接下来应该是期待着去练习新曲了。practicing，练习。changing改变；recording记录；writing写。55.C此题考查名词词义辨析。相邻语境中出现了“thebigsmileonhismother’sface〞和“feelthattheywerehome〞等，可以推断美好的邻里关系给了新搬来的居民温暖的感觉，warmth。equality平等；freedom自由；sympathy同情。第三局部阅读理解(共两节，总分值40分)第一节(共15小题；每题2分，总分值30分)阅读以下短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A.B.C和D)中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑A【2024课标北京卷】TheBoyMadeIt!OnSunday,Nicholas,ateenager,wentskiingatSugarloafMountaininMaine.Intheearlyafternoon,whenhewasplanningtogohome,afiercesnowstormsweptintothearea.Unabletoseefar,heaccidentallyturnedoffthepath.Beforeheknewit,Nicholaswaslost,allalone!Hedidn’thavefood,water,aphone,orothersupplies.Hewasgettingcolderbytheminute.Nicholashadnoideawherehewas.Hetriednottopanic.HethoughtaboutallofthesurvivalshowshehadwatchedonTV.Itwastimetoputthetipshehadlearnedtouse.Hedecidedtostopskiing.Therewasabetterchanceofsomeonefindinghimifhestayedput.Thefirstthinghedidwastofindshelterfromthefreezingwindandsnow.Ifhedidn’t,hisbodytemperaturewouldgetverylow,whichcouldquicklykillhim.Usinghisskis,Nicholasbuiltasnowcave.Hegatheredahugemassofsnowanddugoutaholeinthemiddle.Thenhepiledbranchesontopofhimself,likeablanket,tostayaswarmashecould.Bythatevening,Nicholaswasreallyhungry.Heatesnowanddrankwaterfromanearbystreamsothathisbodywouldn’tlosetoomuchwater.Notknowinghowmuchlongerhecouldlast,Nicholasdidtheonlythinghecould—hehuddled(蜷缩)inhiscaveandslept.Thenextday,Nicholaswentouttolookforhelp,buthecouldn’tfindanyone.Hefollowedhistracksandreturnedtothesnowcave,becausewithoutshelter,hecoulddiethatnight.OnTuesday,Nicholaswentoutagaintofindhelp.Hehadwalkedforaboutamilewhenavolunteersearcherfoundhim.Aftertwodaysstuckinthesnow,Nicholaswassaved.NicholasmightnothavesurvivedthissnowstormhaditnotbeenforTV.HehadoftenwatchedGrylls’survivalshowManvs.Wild.That’swherehelearnedthetipsthatsavedhislife.Ineachepisode(一期节目)ofManvs.Wild,Gryllsisabandonedinawildareaandhastofindhiswayout.WhenGryllsheardaboutNicholas’amazingdeeds,hewassuperimpressedthatNicholashadmadeitsinceheknewbetterthananyonehowhardNicholashadtoworktostayalive.56.WhathappenedtoNicholasoneSundayafternoon?A.Hegotlost.B.Hebrokehisskis.C.HehurthiseyesD.Hecaughtacold.57.HowdidNicholaskeephimselfwarm?A.Hefoundashelter.B.Helightedsomebranches.C.Hekeptonskiing.D.Hebuiltasnowcave.58.OnTuesday,Nicholas______.A.returnedtohissheltersafelyB.wassavedbyasearcherC.gotstuckinthesnowD.stayedwherehewas59.NicholasleftGryllsaverydeepimpressionbecausehe______.A.didtherightthingsinthedangeroussituationB.watchedGrylls’TVprogramregularlyC.createdsometipsforsurvivalD.wasveryhard-workingC2【2024课标北京卷】【要点综述】这是一个故事，讲述了Nicholas突遇暴风雪被困，他如何运用从电视节目中所学的逃生技巧，在雪中生存了三天并获救。56.A考查事实细节。根据第一段“Nicholaswaslost,allalone〞可知，他迷路了。57.D考查事实细节。根据第四段“builtasnowcave〞和“stayaswarmashecould〞可知，他是通过搭建雪洞保暖的。58.B考查事实细节。根据第六段中Tuesday当天的描述，可以知道他最终获救。59.A考查推理判断。根据最后一段Grylls对Nicholas出色表现的认可，可以推断Nicholas把电视上Grylls展示的技巧发挥到极致才得以脱身。而光努力是不可能脱险的，而是方法很重要。BRevolutionaryTVEarsTVEarshashelpedthousandsofpeoplewithvariousdegreesofhearinglosshearthetelevisionclearlywithoutturningupthevolume(音量)andnowit’sbetterandmoreaffordablethanever!WithTVEarswirelesstechnology,yousetyourownheadsetvolume,whileotherTVlistenershearthetelevisionatavolumelevelthat’scomfortableforthem.YoucanevenlistenthroughtheheadsetonlyandputtheTVonmute(静音)ifthesituationcallsforaquietenvironment—maybethebabyissleeping.Orperhapsyouaretheonlyonewhoisinterestedinlisteningtotheballgame.TVEarspatentedtechnologyincludesarevolutionarynoisereductioneartip,notusedinanyothercommerciallyavailableheadset.Thistipreducesoutsidenoisesothattelevisiondialogueisclearandunderstandable.Getthetechnologythathasproventohelpthemostdemandingcustomers.That’swhyTVEarshasearnedthetrustandconfidenceofaudiologists(听觉学家)nationwideaswellasworld-famousdoctors.CustomerRecommendedTVEars!“NowmyhusbandcanhavethevolumeasloudasheneedsandIcanhavetheTVatmyhearinglevel.TVEarsissocomfortablethatJackforgetshehasthemon!Hecanonceagainhearandunderstandthedialogue.〞CustomerRecommendedTVEars!“NowmyhusbandcanhavethevolumeasloudasheneedsandIcanhavetheTVatmyhearinglevel.TVEarsissocomfortablethatJackforgetshehasthemon!Hecanonceagainhearandunderstandthedialogue.〞—Darlene&JackB.CADoctorRecommendedTVEars!“MywifeandIhaveusedTVEarsalmostdailyforthepasttwoyearsandfindthemagreathelpinourenjoymentoftelevision.Asaretiredeardoctor.IheartilyrecommendTVEarstopeoplewithnormalhearingaswellasthosewithhearingloss.〞—RobertForbes,M.D.CARiskFreeTrial!TVEarscomeswitha30-daysriskfreetrail.SpecialOffer—Now$59.95Ifyou’renotsatisfied,returnit.Money-backguarantee!Callnow!800-123-783260.TVEarshelpsyou______.A.improveyoursleepingqualityB.listentoTVwithoutdisturbingothersC.changeTVchannelswithoutdifficultyD.becomeinterestedinballgameprograms61.WhatmakesTVEarsdifferentfromotherheadsets?A.ItcaneasilysetTVonmuteB.ItsheadsetvolumeisadjustableC.IthasanewnoisereductioneartipD.Itappliesspecialwirelesstechnology62.Thisadvertisementismademorebelievableby______.A.usingrecommendationsB.offeringreasonsforthisinventionC.providingstatisticsD.showingtheresultsofexperimentsC4【2024课标北京卷】【要点综述】这是一篇广告，介绍了一款辅助听力障碍的人士正常收听电视声音的产品TVEars。文章涵盖产品特点、用户反响、价格和联系方式等。60.B考查事实细节。根据第一段“hearthetelevisionclearlywithoutturningupthevolume〞可知，使用这种耳机可以设置自己的耳机音量，而不必因此打搅他人。61.C考查事实细节。根据第二段“arevolutionarynoisereductioneartip,notusedinanyothercommerciallyavailableheadset.〞可知，这是该设备独特的地方。62.A考查推理判断。根据文中医生和使用者的描述，这种产品很好。用户的陈述中都出现了“Recommended“〔推荐〕，这样权威人士和使用者的推荐可增加其可信度。CLifeintheClearTransparentanimalsletlightpassthroughtheirbodiesthesamewaylightpassesthroughawindow.Theseanimalstypicallylivebetweenthesurfaceoftheoceanandadepthofabout3,300feet-asfarasmostlightcanreach.Mostofthemareextremelydelicateandcanbedamagedbyasimpletouch.SonkeJohnsen,ascientistinbiology,says,“Theseanimalslivethroughtheirlifealone.Theynevertouchanythingunlessthey’reeatingit,orunlesssomethingiseatingthem.〞Andtheyareasclearasglass.Howdoesananimalbecomeseethrough?It’strickierthanyoumightthink.Theobjectsaroundyouarevisiblebecausetheyinteractwithlight.Lighttypicallytravelsinastraightline.Butsomematerialsslowandscatter(散射)light,bouncingitawayfromitsoriginalpath.Othersabsorblight,stoppingitdeadinitstracks.Bothscatteringandabsorptionmakeanobjectlookdifferentfromotherobjectsaroundit,soyoucanseeiteasily.Butatransparentobjectdoesn’tabsorborscatterlight,atleastnotverymuch.Lightcanpassthroughitwithoutbendingorstopping.Thatmeansatransparentobjectdoesn’tlookverydifferentfromthesurroundingairorwater.Youdon’tseeit-youseethethingsbehindit.Tobecometransparent,ananimalneedstokeepitsbodyfromabsorbingorscatteringlight.Livingmaterialscanstoplightbecausetheycontainpigments(色素)thatabsorbspecificcolorsoflight.Butatransparentanimaldoesn’thavepigments,soitstissueswon’tabsorblight.AccordingtoJohnsen,avoidingabsorptionisactuallyeasy.Therealchallengeispreventinglightfromscattering.Animalsarebuiltofmanydifferentmaterials-skin,fat,andmore-andlightmovesthrougheachatadifferentspeed.Everytimelightmovesintoamaterialwithanewspeed,itbendsandscatters.Transparentanimalsusedifferenttrickstofightscattering.Someanimalsaresimplyverysmallorextremelyflat.Withoutmuchtissuetoscatterlight,itiseasiertobesee-through.Othersbuildalarge,clearmassofnon-livingjelly–like(果冻状的)materialandspreadthemselvesoverit.Largertransparentanimalshavethebiggestchallenge,becausetheyhavetomakeallthedifferenttissuesintheirbodiesslowdownlightexactlyasmuchaswaterdoes.Theyneedtolookuniform.Buthowthey’redoingitisstillunknown.Onethingisclear:fortheselargeranimals,stayingtransparentisanactiveprocess.Whentheydie,theyturnanon-transparentmilkywhite.63.AccordingtoParagraph1,transparentanimals______.A.stayingroups B.canbeeasilydamagedC.appearonlyindeepocean D.arebeautifulcreatures64.Theunderlinedword“dead〞inParagraph3means______.A.silently B.graduallyC.regularly D.completely65.Onewayforanimaltobecometransparentisto______.A.changethedirectionoflighttravelB.gathermaterialstoscatterlightC.avoidtheabsorptionoflightD.growbiggertostoplight66.Thelastparagraphtellsusthatlargertransparentanimals______.A.movemoreslowlyindeepwaterB.staysee-throughevenafterdeathC.producemoretissuesfortheirsurvivalD.takeeffectiveactiontoreducelightspreadingC8【2024课标北京卷】【要点综述】这是一篇科普说明文，主要介绍透明动物之所以透明的原理。63.B考查事实细节。根据第一段“Mostofthemareextremelydelicateandcanbedamagedbyasimpletouch.〞两个关键词delicate(柔弱的)、damage〔破坏〕可知，正确答案是B。64.D考查猜测词义。根据语境中some…other…局部可知，有些动物散射光线，使之偏离轨道；而另外一些会吸收光线，使光线止于原来的轨道。因此，这里的dead应该是“完全〞〔阻止〕的意思。dead:adj.无生命的；死的。adv.完全地。n.死者。65.C考查事实细节。根据文章第五段开头句“Tobecometransparent,ananimalneedstokeepitsbodyfromabsorbingorscatteringlight.〞可知，C为正确选项。66.D考查事实细节。根据最后一段“slowdownlight〞可知，对于大型透明动物而言，降低或减少光线在身体的传播是挑战。DTechnologicalchangeiseverywhereandaffectseveryaspectoflife,mostlyforthebetter.However,socialchangesthatarebroughtaboutbynewtechnologyareoftenmistakenforachangeinattitudes.Anexampleathandistheinvolvementofparentsinthelivesoftheirchildrenwhoareattendingcollege.Surveys(调查)onthistopicsuggeststhatparentstodaycontinuetobe“very〞or“somewhat〞overly-protectiveevenaftertheirchildrenmoveintocollegedormitories.Thesamesurveysalsoindicatethattherateofparentalinvolvementisgreatertodaythanitwasagenerationago.Thisisusuallyinterpretedasasignthattoday’sparentsaretryingtomanagetheirchildren’slivespastthepointwherethisbehaviorisappropriate.However,greaterparentalinvolvementdoesnotnecessarilyindicatethatparentsarefailingtoletgooftheir“adult〞children.Inthecontext(背景)ofthisdiscussion,itseemsvaluabletofirstfindoutthecauseofchangeinthecaseofparents’involvementwiththeirgrownchildren.Ifparentsofearliergenerationshadwantedtobeintouchwiththeircollege-agechildrenfrequently,wouldthishavebeenpossible?Probablynot.Ontheotherhand,doesthepossibilityoffrequentcommunicationtodaymeanthattheurgetodosowasn’tpresentagenerationago?Manystudiesshowthatolderparents—today’sgrandparents—wouldhavecalledtheirchildrenmoreoftenifthemeansandcostofdoingsohadnotbeenabarrier.Furthermore,studiesshowthatfinancesarethemostfrequentsubjectofcommunicationbetweenparentsandtheircollegechildren.Thefactthatcollegestudentsarefinanciallydependentontheirparentsisnothingnew;norarerequestsformoremoneytobesentfromhome.Thisphenomenonisneithergoodnorbad;itisafactofcollegelife,todayandinthepast.Thankstotheadvancedtechnology,weliveinanageofbetteredcommunication.Thishasmanyimplicationswellbeyondtherolethatparentsseemtoplayinthelivesoftheirchildrenwhohaveleftforcollege.Butitisusefultobearinmindthatallsuchchangescomefromthetechnologyandnotsomeimagineddesirebyparentstokeeptheirchildrenundertheirwings.67.Thesurveysinformusof______.A.thedevelopmentoftechnologyB.thechangesofadultchildren’sbehaviorC.theparents’over-protectionoftheircollegechildrenD.themeansandexpensesofstudents’communication68.Thewriterbelievesthat______.A.parentstodayaremoreprotectivethanthoseinthepastB.thedisadvantagesofnewtechnologyoutweighitsadvantagesC.technologyexplainsgreaterparentalinvolvementwiththeirchildrenD.parents’changedattitudesleadtocollegechildren’sdelayedindependence69.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TechnologyorAttitudeB.DependenceorIndependenceC.FamilyInfluenceorSocialChangesD.CollegeManagementorCommunicationAdvancement70.Whichofthefollowingshowsthedevelopmentofideasinthispassage?C7【2024课标北京卷】【要点综述】这是一篇讨论父母和已上大学的子女之间关系的论说文,通过举例说明了现代的父母对孩子事务的参与和对孩子的控制甚于以往,但这并不能说父母对孩子仅仅抓住不放。借助现代技术，父母与孩子的沟通较之以往更好了。67.C考查事实细节。根据第二段“suggestparentstodaycontinuetobe‘very’or‘somewhat’overly-protectiveevenaftertheirchildrenmoveintocollegedormitories.〞可知，C为正确答案。68.C考查主旨大意。根据最后一段“Thankstotheadvancedtechnology,weliveinanageofbetteredcommunication.〞可知，科技使得父母参与孩子事务的时机更多。所以选C。69.A考查主旨大意。开篇作者提出了论题“socialchangesthatarebroughtaboutbynewtechnologyareoftenmistakenforachangeinattitudes.〞，接下来通过例证说明了家长对孩子的过分保护到底是技术变化还是态度变化。显然作者是同意前一种观点的。所以选A。70.B考查逻辑结构。显然，开篇第一段为总论，最后得出结论。中间分为父母对孩子的控制加强和放手让孩子成长这两个方面，后放手让孩子成长又包含了过去的父母想对孩子进行管教却受条件约束。另一方面，大学生对父母在经济上的依赖现象从以往到至今都存在，并不因当今的交流中涉及就意味着孩子更依赖父母。基于以上原因，选择B。第二节(共5小题;每题2分，总分值10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。【2024课标北京卷】ThisWaytoDreamlandDaydreamingmeanspeoplethinkaboutsomethingpleasant,especiallywhenthismakesthemforgetwhattheyshouldbedoing.Daydreamershaveabadreputationforbeingunawareofwhat’shappeningaroundthem.Theycanseemforgetfulandclumsy.71Theyannoyusbecausetheyseemtobeignoringusandmissingtheimportantthings.Butdaydreamersarealsoresponsibleforsomeofthegreatestideasandachievementsinhumanhistory.72Canyouimaginewhatkindofworldwewouldhavewithoutsuchideasandinventions?Sohowcanwecomeupwithbrilliantdaydreamsandavoidfallingovertreerootsorotherwiselookinglikeafool?First,understandthatsomeopportunities(时机)fordaydreamingarebetterthanothers.Feelingsafeandrelaxedwillhelpyoutoslipintodaydreams.73Andifyouwanttoimproveyourchancesofhavingacreativeideawhileyou’redaydreaming,trytodoitwhileyouareinvolvedinanothertask-preferablysomethingsimple,liketakingashowerorwalking,orevenmakingmeaninglessdrawings.It’salsoimportanttoknowhowtoavoiddaydreamsforthosetimeswhenyoureallyneedtoconcentrate.“Mindfulness〞,beingfocused,isatoolthatsomepeopleusetoavoidfallingasleep.74Finally,youneverknowwhatwonderfulideamightstrikewhileyourmindhasmoveslowlyaway.75Alwaysrememberthatyourbestideasmightcomewhenyourheadisactuallyintheclouds.A.Havinginterestingthingstothinkaboutalsohelps.B.Theystareoffintospaceandwanderbythemselves.C.Withoutwanderingminds,wewouldn’thaverelativity，CokeorPost-itnotes.D.Atonetime,daydreamingwasthoughttobeacauseofsomementalillnesses.E.Itinvolvesslow,steadybreathingforself-controlthathelpspeoplestaycalmandattentive.F.Daydreamsareoftenverysimpleanddirect,quiteunlikesleepdreams,whichmaybehardtounderstand.G.Therefore,it’sagoodideatokeepanotebookorvoicerecordernearbywhenyou’reinthedaydreamzone.Q1【2024课标北京卷】解析:71.【答案与解析】B考查逻辑关系。首先作者给出主题句“Daydreamershaveabadreputation〞，后面用三个并列句给出做白日梦者不好的方面，主语、词义都相似，所以选B。72.【答案与解析】C考查逻辑例证。本段转折谈做白日梦的好处，“greatideas〞是关键词，所以本空可以用例证说明greatideas指什么。73.【答案与解析】A考查逻辑关系。本段开篇提出做梦的时机〔opportun