2024天津中考英语二轮重难题型研究复习 文化类专题特训 (含答案)

2024天津中考英语二轮重难题型研究复习文化类专题特训编者按：2019年11月20日教育部发布的《教育部关于加强初中学业水平考试命题工作的意见》中提出考试命题“弘扬中华优秀传统文化、革命传统、社会主义先进文化”；并于2023年1月8日教育部印发关于在课程教材、教育教学等育人环节认真贯彻落实《革命传统进中小学课程教材指南》、《中华优秀传统文化进中小学课程教材指南》的通知。因此整理分析并预测2022年天津中考可能考查的知识点，特别策划“文化类专题特训”。希望对考生备考有帮助。类别1中华优秀传统文化一、阅读理解Asamiddleschoolstudent,Ihavelotsofhobbies.AndmyfavouriteoneislearningChinesepoemsthroughwatchingChinesePoetryConference(《中国诗词大会》)producedbyCCTV­1.Inthisprogram,PengMin,thewinnerofthefifthseason,impressed(留下深刻印象)memost.Thecompetitorsaredifferentinages,fromchildrentoadults.PengMin,whograduatedfromPekingUniversitywithamaster'sdegreeinliterature(文学),ismostlikelytobethewinner.But,surprisingly,helosttwofinalsinthesecondseason;helosttoa16­year­oldhighschoolstudent,WuYishu;andinthethirdseasonhewasbeatenbythedeliveryman(快递员)LeiHaiwei.Buthewouldn'tgiveup.Sowhenthefifthseasoncamearound,hedecidedtohaveanothertry.Thistime,hisperformance(表现)wassuperamazing,especiallyinthepartcalled“Feihualing”，andthevictorywasfinallyhis.BesidesPengMin,severalothercompetitorsalsowonmyrespect,forexample,WuYishu,thewidely­readhighschoolgirl,andWuYou,thefirstblindcompetitoryetoptimistic(乐观的)andhard­workinginfaceofdifficulties.Iadmire(羡慕)themnotonlyfortheirknowledgeofpoemsbutalsofortheircourageandstrongwilltoachievetheirdreams.JustlikewhatthehostsaidtocongratulatePengMin,“Wherethereisawill,thereisaway”.Withlong­termpreparationandpersistence(坚持),successispossible.“Iwanttotellpeoplewhohaveasimilarexperiencelikethat,eventhoughyougothroughallkindsofdifficulties,aslongasyouarebraveenoughtolookup,therewillalwaysbealightintheskytoguideyououtofthedarkness，”Pengsaidinhisspeech.1.Thewriter'sfavouritehobbyis________．A.readingnovels B.painting C.learningChinesepoems D.listeningtomusic2.PengMintookpartin________seasonsofChinesePoetryConference.A.two B.three C.four D.five3.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.PengMingaveupafterhefailedtwice. B.PengMinisgoodatFeihualing. C.Onlyadultscantakepartinthecompetition. D.WuYouissadbecausesheisblind.4.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Toencourageustoavoiddifficulties. B.TomakepeopleinterestedinChinesepoetry. C.Totellustogiveupourdreamsintime. D.Totellusthatgoingtoafamousuniversityisthemostimportant.5.Youwouldfindthepassagein________．A.anovel B.aplayC.aguidebook D.amagazine类别2革命传统二、任务型阅读ZhangGuimei,64,founderandpresidentoftheHuapingHighSchoolforGirlsinLijiang,SouthwestChina'sYunnanProvince.ZhangtravelledtoYunnanattheageof17.Andshehasbeenhelpinggirlsfrompoorareasreceiveeducationforover40years.About20yearsago,whileonthewaytovisitastudent'shouse,ZhangGuimei,arural(乡下)teacher,noticedagirlsittingonthehillside(山坡).Thegirl,13,toldZhangshewasabouttogetmarriedforlack(缺少)ofmoney,whostillwantedtogotoschool.Zhangtriedherbesttoaskherparentsnottodothat,butshefailed.Zhangfirstrealisedthatafreehighschoolforgirlsneededtobebuilt.Itwouldaimtohelpwomenescapefromgettingmarriedearlyandspendingtheirwholelifeintheruralmountains.Comingacrossmanydifficultiesandsufferingfromlessmoney,in2008,HuapingHighSchoolforGirls,afreepublichighschool,wasfounded,whereZhangistheheadteacher.Overthetenyears,morethan1，800graduateswenttouniversity.Anditisregardedasa“miracle”(奇迹)intheruralareaasmoststudentsdidn'tperformwellinstudybeforetheschoolwassetup.Zhang'shusbanddiedinthe1990s.Shedidn'thavechildrenorahouse.Overtheseyears,shesufferedfrommanykindsofdiseases,suchasrheumatoidarthritis(类风湿性关节炎)andosteoporosis(骨质疏松症)．Duringthelast12years,shewonmanyprizes.Butshegaveawayallhermoneytosupporteducationandhelppoorpeople.OnTuesdaymorninginJuly,2023,XiJinping,generalsecretaryoftheCPC,presentedtheJuly1Medaltotheexcellentpersons,includingZhangGuimei.1.ZhangGuimeihasbeen________________forover40years.2.The13­year­oldgirlwasaboutto________________forlackofmoney.3.Zhangfirstrealisedthat________________forgirlsneededtobebuilt.4.Overthetenyears,morethan1，800graduates________________.5.Zhangwonmanyprizes,butshe________________tosupporteducationandhelppoorpeople.类别3社会主义先进文化三、完形填空Sincethestartofreformandopening­up(改革开放),Shenzhenhasgrownfromasmallfishingvillagetoamoderncity.ItsGDP(国内生产总值)__1__fromlessthan200millionyuanin1980to2.4trillion(万亿)yuanin2018.Shenzhenisa__2__citywithapopulationof1.2million.It'sknown__3__itsstronginnovation(创新)abilities.It'shometomorethan14，000__4__high­techcompanies,suchasHua­WeiandTencent.ProfessorWangsaidthatShenzhenhadmanygood__5__.Ithasgotmuchvaluable__6__forChina'sreformandopening­up.Andduringthe__7__construction(建设),ithasmadeagreatsuccess.ThankstotheParty,it__8__animportantroleinthereformandopening­up.Greatchangeshave__9__inChinainrecentyears.Wehope__10__alltheChinesepeoplewillliveahappierandricherlifeinthenearfuture.1.A.remained B.influenced C.included D.increased2.A.eastern B.western C.southern D.northern3.A.up B.for C.at D.on4.A.traditional B.natural C.national D.interesting5.A.examples B.ways C.exercises D.reasons6.A.experience B.challenge C.education D.promise7.A.wide B.high C.special D.modern8.A.gets B.takes C.makes D.plays9.A.grown B.lost C.happened D.disappeared10.A.that B.where C.if D.when四、阅读理解ChinahasnameditsfirstMarsrover(火星车)“ZhuRong”onApril24th,2023.Comparedwithanothername—Hongyi,whichmeansanopenmind,ZhuRongismorepreferred.Itreceivednearly20percentmoreofthe3millionvotes(选票)thanHongyiinanonlinesurvey.ZhuRongisthegodoffireandwarinChineselegend(传说).Asapowerfulcharacter,ithadthefaceofaman,bodyofawildanimal,andoftenrodeontwodragons.SeenastheearliestgodoffireintraditionalChineseculture,itisasymbolofusingfiretolightuptheearthandbringlight.Thisnamejoinsmodernscienceandtraditionalculturetogether,showingtheChinesenation'sspiritofexploration(探索)andconfidenceinitscultureandencouragingpeopletokeepexploringtheuniverse.AfterleavingEarthlastsummer,ZhuRongisstillgoingaroundMars.ItlandedontheredplanetonMay22nd.ItbecamethesixthsuchmachineafterfiveAmericanroverswhichhavealreadylanded.Theroveris1.85metershighandweighsabout240kilogramswithsixscientificinstruments,whichwillallowittogetinformation,suchastheplanet'sground,thegeological(地质的)structure,climateandenvironment.ZhuRongisapartoftheTianwen­1,China'sfirstindependentMarstask.TianwenisaworkbyQuYuan,afamouspoetfromtheChuKingdomwholivedduringtheWarringStatesPeriod.NamingthetaskafterthepoemistoshowChina'sdeterminationtoexploredeepspaceandalsotodevelopaloveofscienceinthenation'syoungpeople.SinceOctober1960,Tianwen­1hasbecometheworld's46thMarsexplorationtask.Only19ofthosetaskshavebeensuccessful.ThegoalsofTianwen­1aregoingaroundtheplanettomakecomprehensiveobservations(全面观察),landingontheplanetandplacingarovertodotests.Ifitcanachieveallthreegoals,itwillbeanothersuccessinspaceforourcountry.1.ZhuRongisthegodof________inChineselegend.A.fireandwar B.menandwomenC.wildanimals D.dragons2.WhywasthefirstMarsrovernamed“ZhuRong”？A.Itlightsuptheearthandbringslight. B.Itmeansanopenmind. C.Itshowsourspiritofexplorationandconfidenceinculture. D.Itisapowerfulcharacterthatrodeontwodragons.3.Whatkindofinformationwillbegottenbytherover?A.Theplanet'sground. B.Thegeologicalstructure. C.Climateandenvironment. D.Allofabove.4.Whatdoes“determination”refertoinParagraph4?A.Discoveringthefactsaboutsomething. B.Tryingtodosomethingevenwhenitisdifficult. C.Expectingtodosomething. D.Imaginingachievingsomething.5.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheSuccessofTianwen­1 B.TheTasksofTianwen­1 C.TheGoalsofChina'sFirstMarsRover D.TheIntroductionofChina'sFirstMarsRover五、综合填空Passage1热点信息——建党百年的光辉历程AsmembersoftheCommunistYouthLeague(共青团),weshouldfollowtheParty'slead.Whatis“theParty”？ThePartyistheCommunistPartyofChina(CPC，中国共产党).TheCPCwasf__1__in1921,whichwasadifficulttimeinChina'shistory.ThefirstPartymemberswantedtosavethec__2__andofferChinesepeopleabetterlife.TheCPCledChinatorealisethegoalsofnationalindependence(独立)andpeople'sliberation(解放)duringtherevolutionary(革命)timesbefore1949.Ithasl__3__theChinesenationtostandupandbecomebetter,whileleadingthepeopletoachievemany“Chinesemiracles(奇迹)”．NowtheCPCisthebiggestPartyintheworldwithover91millionm__4__.MembersoftheCPCmustwholeheartedly(全心全意)servethepeopleandber__5__tomakeanypersonalsacrifice(牺牲).Theyarefromallwalksoflife.Theymaybeyourparents,unclesanda__6__，grandparentsorteachers.Butwhendangercomes,theystandoutandf__7__forthepeople.Youcangettoknowthemt__8__theiractions.InthewaragainstCOVID­19,CPCmembersfightonthefrontlines.Theyp__9__theinterestsofthecountryandpeopleabovetheirown.Theytakeongreatdutyj__10__astheoldergenerationsdid.Passage2Everyyear,12，000to14，000earthquakeshappenaroundtheworld,killingtensofthousandsoflives.Sowhenitcomestomonitoring(监测)e__1__，everysecondcounts.Recently,anewAIsystemd__2__byChinahasshortenedthetimeittakestodetect(探测)earthquakes.Afteranearthquakehappens,mostresearcherscanquicklypublish(公布)thetime,p__3__，magnitude(震级)anddepthoftheearthquake.H__4__，theyoftendon'tincludethefocalmechanismparameters(震源机制参数),whichcanbeusedtopredictthepossibledistribution(分布)ofstrongaftershocks(余震)．“Itt__5__threetotenminutesforothercountriestopublishearthquakefocalmechanismparameters.Butbythistime,theearthquakehasfullyhappenedandtheh__6__hasbeendone，”ZhuHuiyusaid.“Thisn__7__systemcanprovidethefocalmechanismparameterswithinjustonesecond.Anditcanpublishtheinformationbeforetheaftershocksr__8__someareas.”“Ifwearea__9__toreceivethewarninginformationthreesecondsbeforean