小学五年级下英语语法总结

英语时态语法（现在进行时，一般过去时，过去完成时，现在完成时，一般将来时）一．现在进行时：表示现在正在进行的动作构成：主语+be动词+动词的现在分词+其他成分Wearehavinglunch.Heisreadingabook.Thedogisrunningafteracat.Theboysareswimmingacrosstheriver.★变疑问句将be动词移动到句首Arewehavinglunch?Ishereadingabook?Isthedogrunningafteracat?Aretheboysswimmingacrosstheriver?★变否定句在be动词后面加notWearenothavinglunch.Heisnotreadingabook.Thedogisnotrunningafteracat.Theboysareswimmingacrosstheriver.★特殊疑问句：what,which,how,where,who,etc疑问词+动词+主语+现在分词Whatareyoudoing?Whatisshedoing?Whatisthedogdoing?没有进行时的动词（必背）表示状态，思想，感情和感觉的动词不能表示正在进行的动作表示感觉，感官的词：see,hear,like,love,wanthave,has当”拥有”讲时没有进行时二．一般过去式：表示过去发生的动作或事件，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday,lastnight,thedaybeforeyesterday,3daysago构成：含有be动词的句子，将动词变为过去式，am,is的过去式为was，are的过去式为wereIwasatthebutcher’s.Youwereastudentayearago.Theteacherwasverybeautifultenyearsago.★变疑问句将be动词移动到句首Wereyouatthebutcher’s?Wereyouastudentayearago?Wastheteacherverybeautifultenyearsago?★变否定句在be动词后面加notIwasnotatthebutcher’s.Youwerenotastudentayearago.Theteacherwasnotverybeautifultenyearsago.★肯定回答/否定回答Yes,Iwas./No,Iwasnot.Yes,youwere./No,youwerenot.Yes,he/shewas./No,he/shewasnot.★特殊疑问句Whatdidyoudo?（必背）不含有be动词的句子，将动词变为过去式Ifinishedmyhomeworkyesterday.Theboywenttoarestaurant.TheSawyerslivedatKingStreetayearago.★变疑问句在句首加did,动词变为原型Didyoufinishyourhomeworkyesterday?Didtheboygotoarestaurant?DidtheSawyersliveatKingStreetayearago?★变否定句在主语和动词之间加didnotIdidnotfinishmyhomeworkyesterday.Theboydidnotgotoarestaurant.TheSawyersdidnotliveatKingStreetayearago.★肯定回答及否定回答Yes,Idid.No,Ididn’t.Yes,hedid.No,hedidn’t.Yes,theydid.No,theydidnot.三．过去完成时用法：在过去的时间里，两个动作中，发生在前的那个动作要用过去完成时。结构：had+过去分词Aftershehadfinishedherhomework,shewentshopping.TheyhadsoldthecarbeforeIaskedtheprice.ThetrainhadleftbeforeIarrivedatthestation.After/before引导的时间状语从句放在句首要在句子后面加逗号，如果放在主句后则不用加。1.变疑问句：将助动词移到句首Hadshefinishedherhomework?2.变否定句：在助动词后面