新教材适用2024-2025学年高中英语Unit4SharingSectionⅣ单元写作夯基提能作业新人教版选择性必修第四册

UNIT4SectionⅣⅠ.阅读理解(2024·辽宁省葫芦岛市高二期末)I'vebeeninan18-yearlove-haterelationshipwithablackwalnuttree.It'sauniquetree.InlateSeptemberorearlyOctober,fallingfruitsashardasbaseballsthreatentheskulls(头骨)ofyou,yourchildren,yourneighborsandthosethatresidenextdoortothem.UmbrellasintheyardareamustwhiledininginearlyAugust,andasforme,Iwearmybikehelmetwhileworkinginthegarden.Theblackwalnutalsoreleasesachemicalsubstancethroughitsrootsasacompetitivestrategy.It'spoisonoustoseveralcommonplants.TherehavebeenmanynewplantvarietiesthatIbroughthomewithhopesthatmaybetheblackwalnutwouldacceptthem,buttheyfailedtoflourish.Whatdoesworkarenativeplantsthatnaturallygrowinthearea.Nativeplantsareimportanttohavearoundsincetheyprovidebeneficialpollinators(传粉者)likebirds,beesandbutterflieswithseedsandcontributetoahealthyandbiodiverseenvironment.Nativeplantsforthisareaaregenerallyeasytogrow,sotheyexperiencelessstress.HaveIthoughtofgettingridofthisgiantpaininmytinybackyard?Yes,however,gettingridofthistreestandingat50feetwithan87-inchtrunkisnexttoimpossible.It'salsoprotectedunderthelaw.Rightfullyso.Treesareimportanttotheurbanforestandforallofthosethatinhabitit.SometimesIthinkaboutmylifewithouttheblackwalnut.Ican'timagineaspringwithoutthebirdswhoarriveeveryyearandloudlysingtheirsongsbeforedawn.I'dmissfallingasleeponlazyweekendafternoonsasIlookupintoitsleaves.Everyspring,Iwonderwhattheseasonholds:Whatarethechancesofbeingknockedunconsciouswhilebarbecuing?Likeanygoodrelationship,I'llneverbepleased.I'mstuckwiththistree,soI'lllistentoitsneedsandgiveitthespaceitrequires.Inreturn,mywalnutoffersahabitatforwildlifeandareminder.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲解并描述作者后院的黑胡桃树给他带来困扰，但同时也让作者感到自然的朝气。于是，作者学会包涵接纳，享受与黑核桃树相伴的生活。1.Whydoestheauthorwearabikehelmetwhileworkinginthegarden?CA．Toprotecttheinjuredskull.B．Topreventherselffromsunburn.C．Toavoidbeinghitbythenuts.D．Toreducethechanceofgettingbittenbybees.解析：细微环节理解题。依据其次段中“fallingfruitsashardasbaseballsthreatentheskulls(头骨)ofyou,yourchildren,yourneighborsandthosethatresidenextdoortothem.(掉落的果实会和棒球一样坚硬，可能伤到你、孩子、邻居和那些住在隔壁的人的脑袋。)”可知，作者在果园里劳动时，会佩戴一个自行车头盔，是为了爱护头部不会被树上掉落的坚硬果实砸伤。故选C。2.Whatisthetree'ssurvivalstrategy?CA．Itattractsbeneficialpollinators.B．Itletsoutpoisontodriveawaypests.C．Itproducesachemicalfataltosomeplants.D．Itcompetesfornutritionwithsimilarspecies.解析：细微环节理解题。依据第三段中“Theblackwalnutalsoreleasesachemicalsubstancethroughitsrootsasacompetitivestrategy.It'spoisonoustoseveralcommonplants.(作为一种竞争策略，黑胡桃也会通过根部释放一种化学物质。它对几种常见的植物来说是有毒性的。)”可知，黑胡桃树的生存策略就是释放一种对其他一些常见植物有毒的物质，以独占生存资源。故选C。3.WhichofthefollowingDOESN'Taccountfortheauthor'slove-haterelationshipwiththetree?BA．Thevolumeofitsfruitsmaybringinconvenience.B．Thetreeoutcompetesthenativeplantsinthegarden.C．Thetreeishometonumerousbirdsandothercreatures.D．Thepresenceofthetreetakesupmuchspaceofthegarden.解析：细微环节理解题。依据第四段“Nativeplantsforthisareaaregenerallyeasytogrow,sotheyexperiencelessstress.(这个地区的原生植物通常很简单生长，所以它们承受的压力较小。)”可知，在这个果园中，黑胡桃树在与当地原生植物的生存竞争中并未占据优势，原生植物长势旺盛，这并非是作者对黑胡桃树又爱又恨的缘由之一。故选B。4.TheauthormostprobablygotareminderfromthetreethatD.A．it'sbettertogivethantotakeB．treesandplantshavetheirownwaystoflourishC．evenagoodrelationshipisnotalwaystrouble-freeD．acceptance,insteadofresistance,isthebetterwaytobe解析：推理推断题。依据倒数第三段的前两句(我想过摆脱这个小小的后院的大麻烦吗？是的，然而，要摆脱这棵50英尺高、树干87英寸的树几乎是不行能的。)和最终一段“I'mstuckwiththistree,soI'lllistentoitsneedsandgiveitthespaceitrequires.(我就与这棵树相伴，所以我会倾听它的需求，给它所需的空间。)”可知，作者从这棵树身上得到了这样启示：包涵接纳，而非抗拒，会让生活更美妙。故选D。Ⅱ.七选五依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2024·浙江省精诚联盟高二月考)Itwon'tsoundlikeabigsurprisewhenItellyouthatkindnessplaysanimportantroleinaperson'swellbeing.Itcanleadtochangeslikehigherself-esteem(自尊心)andlowerbloodpressure.Evenjustwitnessingactsofkindnesscanmakeushappier.1.G“Fromgivingawayacupofhotchocolateinaparktogivingawayagiftinthelab,thoseperforminganactofkindnessconsistentlyunderestimatedhowpositivetheirreceiverswouldfeel,thinkingtheiractwasoflessvaluethanreceiversperceivedittobe，”statesastudy.2.EYet,whyistherethisdifferencebetweenwhatwethinksomeonewillfeelfromanactofkindnessversuswhattheydofeel?Whydoweunderestimatetheimpactwehaveonothers?Manyofusdon'thavearealsenseofourvalue.It'sbeenestimatedthatasmanyas85percentofpeoplestrugglewithlowself-esteem.3.CThis“voice”tendstoshiftourfocusinwardassessingoureverymove,andhavingbadeffectonourrelationships.Unlikeaconscience(良心),thisinnercriticdoesn'tmotivatepositivebehavior.4.FItencouragesustoholdbackfeedingusthoughtslike,“Don'tstickyourneckout”；“Noonewantstohearfromyou”；and“You'regoingtomakeafoolofyourself”．Onewonderfulwaytofightagainstourcriticalinnervoiceisthroughactsofbeingkindtoothers.5.AWemustalsotrytoseeourselvesthroughtheeyesofthepeopleweaffect.Thedegreetowhichwe'reabletodothatwillhelpdetermineourownhappinessalongwiththehappinesswelightupinothers.A．However,theworkdoesn'tstopthere.B．Peoplemaylowerthevalueoftheirownkindcomments.C．Weallcarryarounda“criticalinnervoice”thattendstoputusdown.D．Insteadofseeingwhatwehavetooffer,wemaythinkofourselvesasaburden.E．Thismisunderstandingsuggeststhatpeopledevaluetheirownactionsinrelationtoothers.F．Instead,itturnsusagainstourselves,makingusunderestimateourbeneficialeffectonothers.G．Yet,peoplemaynottrulyknowtheimpactthateventhesmallestofkindactscanhaveonanotherperson.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲解并描述要摒弃掉自我内心批判，同时看到对他人的主动影响，这将有助于确定我们自己的华蜜以及我们在他人身上点燃的华蜜。解析：1．设空处为该段主旨句，依据后文“...thoseperforminganactofkindnessconsistentlyunderestimatedhowpositivetheirreceiverswouldfeel...(……那些表现出善意的人总是低估了接受者的主动感受……)”可知，选项G(然而，人们可能并不真正知道哪怕是最小的善举也会对另一个人产生什么影响。)在句意上贴合该段主旨，且后文是对选项中“eventhesmallestofkindacts”举例子。故选G。2．依据后文提出了一系列的疑问并结合上文内容可推知，设空句应是一个结论句。选项E(这种误会表明，人们贬低自己与他人的关系。)中主语“Thismisunderstanding”指代上一段内容，在句意上是针对上文得出的结论，且“devalue”对应“underestimate”，词汇复现。故选E。3．依据后文“This‘voice'tendstoshiftourfocusinwardassessingoureverymove,andhavingbadeffectonourrelationships.(这种‘声音’倾向于将我们的留意力转移到评估我们的一举一动，并对我们的关系产生不良影响。)”为其次次提出这种“声音”，说明设空句应是首次提到这种“声音”，且是一种产生消极影响的声音。选项C(我们都有一种“批判的内心声音”，这种声音往往会让我们悲观。)符合分析。故选C。4．依据前一句(与良心不同，这种内心的指责不会激发主动的行为。)提出了“内心批判”是消极的，由此可推知，设空句应进一步强调其消极性的详细影响，同时包含话题“贬低自己的影响”。选项F(相反，它使我们与自己作对，使我们低估了自己对他人的有益影响。)讲到了内心批判对自己和对他人详细消极影响，且“Instead”与前文构成反义转折关系，前后连接紧密。故选F。5．依据前一句(对抗我们批判的内心声音的一个好方法是善待他人。)提到了一个抵制内心批判的方式，后一句(我们还必需努力通过我们所影响的人的眼睛来看待自己。)则提到了下一个步骤，由此可推知，设空句应是转折句，说明不仅仅有第一步，以承接后文。选项A(然而，这项工作并不止于此。)为转折句，“thework”呼应前文内容，在句意上承接后文。故选A。Ⅲ.完形填空(2024·辽宁省名校联盟高二月考)Morethanadecadeago,whilepursuingahotelmanagementdegreeinSwitzerland,IhadtomovetoZurichforasix-monthinternship(实习)．Thehoteldidn'toffer1.Dtoitsstaff,soIhadtofindmyown.Itwasadifficulttask,asZurichisa(n)2.Acitytolivein,butIfoundatinyroomthatsuitedmytightbudget.Isoonbecamefamiliarwiththebuilding3.C,amongthemafatherandsonsinginggroupfromLahore,Pakistan.Theirwarm4.BmademefeelasifIhadknownthemforages.WhenI5.AthemIwasfromAmritsar,India,theyseemedmoredelightedstill.“Wearefromdifferent6.D,butthesamehighland.Ifyou7.Canything,wearethereforyou，”theysaid.Truetotheirword,they8.Bfood,cheeredmewhenIgothomesickandgavemediscountcardstohelp9.Amoney.10.C,myinternshipwasextendedby15days.Myrental11.B,however,wasupandonceagainIhadnowhereto12.D.MyLahoreneighborsinvitedmetomoveinwiththemthemomentthey13.Dmytroubles.Amanageratthehotelwasabletoarrangea(n)14.Aformethatday,butjustthewaythisfamilyopeneduptheirhometomeleftmyheartsofullof15.Bandrespect.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者在国外实习时，相识了来自同一个高原但不同国家的一对父子，这些新挚友真诚地帮助作者，作者相当感谢。1.A.opportunity B．supportC．training D．accommodation解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家旅馆不为员工供应住宿，所以我只好自己找。依据“soIhadtofindmyown”及下文提到作者租房的事情可知，此处指作者实习的酒店不供应住宿。A.opportunity机会；B.support支持；C.training训练；D.accommodation膳宿。故选D。2.A.expensive B．perfectC．large D．special解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一项艰难的任务，因为苏黎世是一个生活成本很高的城市，但我找到了一个适合我惊慌预算的小房间。依据“butIfoundatinyroomthatsuitedmytightbudget”可知，相对于作者的惊慌预算，苏黎世是个生活成本昂贵的城市。A.expensive昂贵的；B.perfect完备的；C.large大的；D．special特殊的。故选A。3.A.owners B．visitorsC．residents D．managers解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很快就熟识了这栋楼里的居民，其中有一对来自巴基斯坦拉合尔的父子演唱组合。依据“amongthemafatherandson”以及后面发生的故事可知，作者很快与同住在此楼里的居民熟识了。A.owners物主；B.visitors游客；C.residents居民；D.managers经理。故选C。4.A.house B．welcomeC．service D．feeling解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们热忱的欢迎使我觉得似乎已经相识他们很久了。依据“asifIhadknownthemforages”和“Ifyou7anything,wearethereforyou”可知，作者受到这家人的欢迎。A.house房子；B.welcome欢迎；C.service服务；D.feeling感觉。故选B。5.A.told B．warnedC．convinced D．showed解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我告知他们我来自印度阿姆利则时，他们似乎更兴奋了。此处指相互介绍的内容，所以应当是作者告知他们作者来自哪里。A.told告知；B.warned警告；C.convinced使信任；D.showed展示。故选A。6.A.groups B．classesC．religions D．countries解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们来自不同的国家，但来自同一个高原。依据“amongthemafatherandsonsinginggroupfromLahore,Pakistan”和“IwasfromAmritsar,India”可知，作者和那家人来自两个国家。A.groups团体；B.classes班级；C.religions宗教；D.countries国家。故选D。7.A.attain B．holdC．need D．love解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：假如你须要任何东西，我们都会帮助你。依据“Truetotheirword,they8food,cheeredmewhenIgothomesickandgavemediscountcardstohelp9money.”可知，这家人共享了很多作者须要的东西。A.attain获得；B.hold拿着；C.need须要；D.love爱。故选C。8.A.reserved B．sharedC．produced D．lacked解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们说到做到，和我共享食物，在我想家的时候给我打气，给我打折卡帮我省钱。依据“Truetotheirword”可知，本句呼应上句中那家人的承诺。作者须要任何东西，他们都跟他共享。A.reserved保留；B.shared共享；C.produced生产；D.lacked缺少。故选B。9.A.save B．spendC．make D．value解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们说到做到，和我共享食物，在我想家的时候给我打气，给我打折卡帮我省钱。依据“andgavemediscountcards”和常识可知，打折卡可以让顾客省钱。A.save节约；B.spend花费；C.make使得，制作；D.value珍惜。故选A。10.A.Recently B．ObviouslyC．Unexpectedly D．Fortunately解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，我的实习时间延长了15天。依据“myinternshipwasextendedby15days”可知，作者的实习期延长了，这是始料未及的。A.Recently最近；B.Obviously明显地；C.Unexpectedly意想不到地；D.Fortunately幸运地。故选C。11.A.income B．agreementC．house D．fee解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我的租赁协议到期了，我又一次没有地方住了。依据“Morethanadecadeago,whilepursuingahotelmanagementdegreeinSwitzerland,IhadtomovetoZurichforasix-monthinternship(实习)．”可知，作者当时应当租了半年的房子，现在房屋租赁协议到期了。A.income收入；B.agreement协议；C.house房子；D.fee费用。故选B。12.Aplain B．hideC．reason D．live解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我的租赁协议到期了，我又一次没有地方住了。依据“Myrental11,however,wasup”可知，房屋租赁协议到期了，所以没有地方住了。Aplain埋怨；B.hide隐藏；C.reason理论；D.live生活，居住。故选D。13.A.dealtwith B．broughtaboutC．lookedinto D．heardof解析：考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：拉合尔的邻居们一听说我的麻烦，就邀请我搬去和他们一起住。依据“MyLahoreneighborsinvitedmetomoveinwiththem”，这里应当指那家人听说了作者的状况。A.dealtwith处理；B.broughtabout带来；C.lookedinto调查；D.heardof听说。故选D。14.A.room B．partyC．interview D．feast解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天酒店的经理为我支配了房间，但这家人放开家门的方式让我心中充溢了感谢和敬重。依据“MyLahoreneighborsinvitedmetomoveinwiththemthemomentthey13mytroubles.”可知，酒店经理给我支配的应当是房间和住处。A.room房间；B.party聚会；C.interview采访；D.feast宴会。故选A。15.A.regret B．gratitudeC．curiosity D．pride解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。依据“thewaythisfamilyopeneduptheirhometomeleftmyheart”和常识可知，作者对那家人的热忱帮助应当表示感谢。A.regret缺憾；B.gratitude感谢；C.curiosity新奇；D.pride骄傲。故选B。Ⅳ.语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2024·河北省邢台市六校联考高二期中)Aheartwarmingletter1.written(write)byYuanLongpinghascaughtinternationalattentionastheworldismourning(哀悼)overhispassingaway.Attheageof80,Yuanwrotetheletterinmemoryofhislatemother,HuaJing,andmanyare2.deeply(deep)touchedbyitssincerity.Intheletternamed“TheRiceIRipe,Mom”，Yuan3.looked(look)backtotheolddayswithhismotherinAnjiangtowninHunanProvince,wherehismotherwasburied.“Mom,thericeisripe.Canyousmellit?After4.whatseemedtobesomanyyears,Icanstillhearyourlaugh5.ringing(ring)inAnjiang.Icanstillseemysonholdingyourhandstohelpyouwalkthroughthe6.entire(entirely)ricefield，”hewrote.BorninawealthyfamilyinYangzhou,JiangsuProvince,Huawaswelleducatedandopen-minded.ShetaughtYuanEnglishandthethoughtsofNietzsche(尼采)whenhewasveryyoung.Havingneverworkedinthefields,HuamovedtoAnjiang7.tosupport(support)herson'sresearch.“Mom,thericeisripeandIcomebacktoAnjiangtoseeyou.EverytimewhenIwasabletodeliver8.aspeechtotheaudiencefromaroundtheworldortakeaprizeinmystudy,Ialwaysthoughtofyouandyour9.devotion(devote)．YoumademewhoIam.PeoplesayI'vechangedtheworldwithonetinyriceseed,butIknowyouhadplantedtheseed10.inmewhenIwasstillalittleboy,mom.”语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。是水稻之父袁隆平写给母亲的信的内容。解析：1．考查非谓语动词。句意：在全世界哀悼袁隆平逝世之际，他写的一封暖心的信引起了国际关注。分析句子可知，句中谓语动词为hascaught，设空处应填非谓语动词形式，其逻辑主语为letter，二者之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式，分词短语作后置定语。故填written。2．考查副词。句意：为了纪念他已故的母亲华静，袁隆平80岁时写这封信，很多人被其真诚深深打动。设空处在句中修饰动词，应用副词。故填deeply。3．考查动词时态和语态。句意：在这封名为《妈妈，稻谷熟了》的信中，袁隆平回忆了他和母亲在湖南安江镇的日子，他的母亲就葬在那里。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语，主语为Yuan，二者之间为主动关系，应用主动语态，结合上下文可知，这封信是袁隆平在80岁时写的，是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。故填looked。4．考查宾语从句。句意：似乎过了这么多年，我仍能听到你的笑声响遍安江。分析句子可知，设空处缺宾语从句的引导词，从句中缺少主语，表示物。故填what。5．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子可知，设空处为非谓语动词短语作后置定语，其逻辑主语为laugh，二者之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填ringing。6．考查形容词。句意：我还记得我儿子牵着你的手，帮你走过整片稻田的情景。分析句子可知，设空处修饰field，应用形容词。故填entire。7．考