江苏专转本(英语)模拟试卷26(题后含答案及解析) (1)全文

江苏专转本（英语）模拟试卷26(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.VocabularyandStructure2.ReadingComprehension3.Cloze5.Translation6.WritingVocabularyandStructure1．Theboy______hisfather.A．wasaccusedofhavingkilledB．wasaccusedtohavekilledC．wasaccusedofkillingD．wasaccusedtokill正确答案：A解析：“这个孩子被控告杀害了他的父亲。”此题考查动词的用法及时态。beaccusedofdoing被指控犯……罪行，为动词固定用法，而完成时可表示动作已发生，因而动名词采用完成时形式。因此答案为A。2．Missingthetrainmeans______foranhour.A．waitingB．towaitC．tobewaitingD．havetowait正确答案：A解析：“错过这班火车意味着再等一个小时。”此题为语法题，考查句子结构。考虑到句子的对称性，因主语是动名词短语，宾语也应使用动名词短语。因此答案为A。3．Somethingextraordinaryhappenedinthathospital.Aman,whowasdeclaredclinicallydead,suddenly______.A．returnedtolifeB．restoredtolifeC．cametolifeD．survived正确答案：C解析：“那家医院发生了一件离奇的事。”此题考查固定短语的用法。cometo(one’s)life复活，醒过来，为固定短语，因此答案为C。4．Theyaregladtoseethechildren______inthedaycarecenter.A．welltakencareB．beingwelltakencareofC．welllookedafterD．beingwelllookedafter正确答案：C解析：“他们很高兴看到孩子们在托管中心受到良好的照看。”此题为语法题。动词短语lookafter和takecareof均有照顾，照看的意思；此处用过去分词短语作宾语补足语，含有被动的意思。因此答案为C。5．Sheisawomanofraregifts.Herperformancelastnightwasindeedvery______.A．impressedB．impressiveC．impressingD．impression正确答案：B解析：“她是一位具有杰出天赋的女子，她昨晚的表演的确使人印象深刻。”此题为同根词辨析题。impressed被感动的；impressive给人深刻印象的；impressing极少作为形容词使用；impression印象，名词。因此答案为B。6．Theroadbeingbuiltwasscheduledto______trafficonMayDay.A．beclosetoB．beclosedtoC．beopentoD．beopenedto正确答案：D解析：“正在修建的公路定于劳动节那天开通。”此题为词义辨析题。becloseto对……关闭，强调状态；beclosedto对……关闭(封闭)，强调动作;beopento对……开放，强调状态；beopenedto对……开放，强调动作。因此答案为D。7．Itwasmorethanfifteenyearsago______IenteredthelaboratoryofProfessorAgassiz.A．whenB．thatC．inwhichD．since正确答案：B解析：“十五年前，我加入了Agassiz教授的实验室。”此题为语法题，考查强调句的用法。Itis(was)…that…为强调句的固定结构，因此答案为B。8．______thanitbeganraining.A．HardlyhadhereachedhomeB．HardlydidhereachhomeC．NosoonerdidhereachhomeD．Nosoonerhadhereachedhome正确答案：D解析：“他刚一到家天就开始下雨了。”此题考查连词的用法。Hardly…when，Nosooner…than刚……就……为固定的连词搭配，且前一个分句需倒装。因此答案为D。9．Theman’slife______ifhehadbeensenttoabetterhospital.A．mighthavebeensavedB．mayhavebeensavedC．wastobesavedD．shouldbesaved正确答案：A解析：“假如被送往一家更好的医院的话，他的生命或许可以得以挽救。”此题为语法题，考查虚拟语气。与过去的事实相反，从句使用过去完成时，主句使用would(could，might)havepp的形式。因此答案为A。10．Everybodylooked______thedirectionoftheexplosion.A．toB．fromC．inD．into正确答案：C解析：“所有的人都朝爆炸的方向看去。”此题考查介词的固定搭配。朝某一方向通常为介词in，inthedirectionof。因此答案为C。11．Thisisa______youngwriter.Hehaspublishedquiteafewgoodstoriesinrecentyears.A．promisedB．lookingforwardC．promisingD．clever正确答案：C解析：“这是一位有前途的年青作家，最近几年他发表了不少小说作品。”此题为词义辨析题。promised承诺了的；lookingforward朝前看的；promising有前途的；clever聪明的。因此答案为C。12．Thedoctorinsiststhatthepatient______.A．mustbeoperatedB．shouldbeoperatedC．beoperatedonD．needsoperatingon正确答案：C解析：“医生坚持马上给病人做手术。”此题为语法题，考查虚拟语气。动词insist后的宾语从句往往采用虚拟语气，即用shoulddo或直接使用动词原形的形式；另外做手术为固定短语operateonsb．。因此答案为C。13．Itsoundsasifthetelephone______.A．wereringingB．wasringingC．hasbeingringingD．isringing正确答案：D解析：“好像电话铃在响。”此题为语法题。此处asif引导的是一个一般表语从句，并非虚拟语气。因此答案为D。14．Thefamilylookedonhelplesslyastheirhouse______.A．burningdownB．wasburneddownC．wasburningdownD．burneddown正确答案：D解析：“这家人无助地看着自己的房子被烧毁。”此题为语法题，考查时态和语态。此句要考虑主从句时态一致；另外burndown主动形式本身含有被动含义。因此答案为D。15．Whatisthe______languageinIndia?A．officeB．officialC．officiallyD．officer正确答案：B解析：“印度的官方语言是什么?”此题为词义辨析题。office办公室；official官方的；officially官方地，正式地；officer长官。因此答案为B。16．He______twentytimes,strikingamatcheachtimetolookathisoldwatch.A．hadwakedB．wasawakeC．musthavewakedD．waswaken正确答案：C解析：“他一晚上肯定醒了二十次，每次都擦亮火柴看看自己那块旧表。”此题为语法题。musthavepp形式表示一种肯定的猜测。因此答案为C。17．Therehebought______chocolateforhisdaughter,andthenhehad______beersinthebarnotfarfromtheschool.A．abarof...acoupleofB．apieceof...abottleofC．adozenof...acoupleofD．acubicof...atinof正确答案：A解析：“在那儿他给女儿买了一条巧克力，然后又在离学校不远的一家酒吧买了几瓶啤酒。”此题为考查固定搭配。chocolate为不可数名词通常可用apieceofchocolate或abarofchocolate，beer在此句中为可数名词，可以用acoupleofbeers。因此答案为A。18．Withhisbigfleshynosehe______hisgrandpa.A．lookslikeB．takesafterC．looksafterD．resembles正确答案：B解析：“他长得像他的祖父，同样有个大肉鼻子。”此题为词义辨析题。looklike似乎，看起来像是；takeafter长得像；lookafter照顾；resemlble相似。因此答案为B。19．The______majoritywereinsupportofthisbillsoitwaspassedwithoutmuchdifficulty.A．overflowingB．overtakingC．overloadingD．overwhelming正确答案：D解析：“绝大多数人赞成该提案，因此很容易就通过了。”此题为词义辨析题。overflowing溢出的；overtaking超过的；overloading超载的；overwhelming压倒性的。因此答案为D。20．Theactress______thetermsofhercontractandwassuedbytheproducer.A．isolatedB．signedC．implementedD．violated正确答案：D解析：“这位女演员违反了合同条款，并被制片方起诉。”此题为词义辨析题。isolate孤立；sign签署；implement实施；violate违背，侵犯。因此答案为D。21．Thereason______I’mwritingistotellyouaboutmyexaminationresults.A．becauseB．asC．whyD．for正确答案：C解析：reason后跟定语从句，使用关联词why，表示具体的原因。22．______Ihaddoneit,IknewIhadmadeamistake.A．DirectlyB．PresentlyC．AssuminglyD．Supposedly正确答案：A解析：某些副词如immediately，directly，instantly等可作关联词，意为“一……就……”。23．Beeristhemostpopulardrinkamongmaledrinkers,______overallconsumptionissignificantlyhigherthanthatofwomen.A．whoseB．whichC．thatD．what正确答案：A解析：关联词whose在句中作定语，修饰overallconsumption。24．IthinkIwasatschool,______IwasstayingwithafriendduringthevacationwhenIheardthenews.A．orelseB．andthenC．orsoD．evenso正确答案：A解析：关联词orelse在句中表示“不然的话”。25．Therearesigns______restaurantsarebecomingmorepopularwithfamilies.A．thatB．whichC．inwhichD．whose正确答案：A解析：that在句中作同位语。26．______,hedoesgetannoyedwithhersometimes.A．AlthoughmuchhelikesherB．MuchalthoughhelikesherC．AshelikeshermuchD．Muchashelikesher正确答案：D解析：让步从句中的倒装形式。27．Themanagerwouldratherhisdaughter______inthesameoffice.A．hadnotworkedB．nottoworkC．doesnotworkD．didnotwork正确答案：D解析：wouldrather后，句子用一般过去时态。28．IamgoingtospendthewintervacationinShanghai,______Ihaverelatives.A．becauseB．whichC．thatD．where正确答案：D解析：先行词Shanghai表示地点，其后的定语从句一般用where引导。29．______aftertheSecondWorldWarthattestpilotsfirstattemptedtobreakthesoundbarrier.A．ItwasshortlyB．TherewasshortlyC．WasshortlyD．Shortly正确答案：A解析：这是强调句，强调时间状语。30．Thegrowthofpart-timeandflexibleworkingpatterns,andoftrainingandretrainingschemes,______morewomentotakeadvantageofemploymentopportunities.A．haveallowedB．allowC．allowingD．allows正确答案：D解析：句中的主语为单数名词thegrowth，因此谓语用单数形式。31．Johnistheonlyoneofthestudentswho______toFrance.A．hasbeenB．havebeenC．hadbeenD．havegone正确答案：A解析：定语从句中的谓语应与先行词中的名词相一致。句中oneofthestudents前加了only，谓语只能用单数。32．Manyaman______lifeismeaninglesswithoutpurpose.A．thinkB．thinksC．thoughtD．hasthought正确答案：B解析：manyaman尽管表示“许多人”，但谓语要使用单数形式。33．Thesesurveysindicatethatmanycrimesgo______bythepolice,mainlybecausenotallvictimsreportthem.A．unrecordedB．tobeunrecordedC．unrecordingD．tohavebeenunrecorded正确答案：A解析：过去分词与go构成系表结构。34．Youwillseethisproduct______whereveryougo.A．tobeadvertisedB．advertisedC．advertiseD．advertising正确答案：B解析：thisproduct与advertise是动宾关系，意为“给产品做广告”。35．Anewtechnique______,theyieldsasawholeincreasedby20percent.A．workingoutB．havingworkedC．havingbeenworkedoutD．tohavebeenworkedout正确答案：C解析：句子的前半部分是一个带逻辑主语的独立结构，表示原因。36．Shehadsaidlittlesofar,respondingonlybrieflywhen______.A．speakingB．spokentoC．spokenD．speakingto正确答案：B解析：过去分词作时间状语，含有被动之意。相当于：whensomebodyspoketoher．37．Weweresurprisedat______theexam.A．himnotpassB．hispassingnotC．hisnotpassingD．himnottopass正确答案：C解析：介词后跟动词一ing形式，其否定形式在其前加not即可。38．Televisionhasbecomeamajorinstrumentofcommunication,______ustoseeaswellastohearallkindsofprogrammes.A．permitB．permittedC．beingpermittedD．permitting正确答案：D解析：动词一ing形式作条件状语。39．______thefinancialmenastoremainindependent,Edisonwascompelledtoseekemploymentasanighttelegraphoperator.A．HewasdeprivedofB．DeprivedofC．ThathewasdeprivedofD．Althoughhewasdeprivedof正确答案：B解析：动词deprive与逻辑主语Edison之间为动宾关系，因此使用过去分词，表示原因。40．Radio,televisionandpress______ofconveyingnewsandinformation.A．arethemostthreecommonmeansB．arethemostcommonthreemeansC．arethethreemostcommonmeansD．arethreethemostcommonmeans正确答案：C解析：习惯上英语修饰词的排序是：冠词+数词+形容词+名词(作定语用)+被修饰的名词。如：thethreemathematicalexercisebooks。ReadingComprehensionSupposewebuiltarobot(机器人)toexploretheplanetMars.Weprovidetherobotwithseeingdetectorstokeepitawayfromdanger.Itispoweredentirelybythesun.Shouldweprogramtherobottobeequallyactiveatalltimes?No.Therobotwouldbeusingupenergyatatimewhenitwasnotreceivingany.Sowewouldprobablyprogramittoceaseitsactivityatnightandtowakeupatdawnthenextmorning.Accordingtotheevolutionary(进化的)theoryofsleep,evolutionequippeduswitharegularpatternofsleepingandwakingforthesamereason.Thetheorydoesnotdeny(否认)thatsleepprovidessomeimportantrestorativefunctions.Itmerelysaysthatevolutionhasprogrammedustoperformthosefunctionsatatimewhenactivitywouldbeinefficientandpossiblydangerous.However,sleepprotectsusonlyfromthesortoftroublewemightwalkinto;itdoesnotprotectusfromtroublethatcomeslookingforus.Sowesleepwellwhenweareinfamiliar,safeplace,butwesleeplightly,ifatall,whenwefearthatbearswillnoseintothetent.Theevolutionarytheoryaccountswellfordifferencesinsleepamongcreatures.Whydocats,forinstance,sleepsomuch,whilehorsessleepsolittle?Surelycatsdonotneedfivetimesasmuchrepairandrestorationashorsesdo.Butcatscanaffordtohavelongperiodsofinactivitybecausetheyspendlittletimeeatingandareunlikelytobeattackedwhiletheysleep.Horsesmustspendalmostalltheirwakinghourseating,becausewhattheyeatisverylowinenergyvalue.Moreover,theycannotaffordtosleeptoolongortoodeeply,becausetheirsurvivaldependsontheirabilitytorunawayfromattackers.41．Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthepassage?______.A．Evolutionhasequippedallcreatureswitharegularpatternofsleepingandwaking.B．Thestudyofsleepisanimportantpartoftheevolutionarytheory.C．Sleepingpatternsmustbetakenintoconsiderationinthedesigningofrobots.D．Thesleepingpatternofalivingcreatureisdeterminedbythefooditeats.正确答案：A解析：本题是一道主旨题。文章由机器人需要休息展开，围绕进化过程中生物睡眠与清醒的模式进行介绍。42．Theauthorusestheexampleoftherobotinspaceexplorationtotellus______.A．thedifferencesbetweenrobotsandmenB．thereasonwhymenneedtosleepC．abouttheneedforrobotstosavepowerD．aboutthedangerofmenworkingatnight正确答案：B解析：根据文中内容，使用机器人的例子描述机器人即使不工作也一直消耗完能量，机器人需要休息。由此想告诉我们为什么人类需要休息。43．Catssleepmuchmorethanhorsesdopartlybecausecats______.A．needmoretimeforrestorationB．areunlikelytobeattackersC．aremoreactivethanhorseswhentheyareawakeD．spendlesstimeeatingtogetenoughenergy正确答案：D解析：根据原文，猫能够长时间的不活动，因为他们花很少时问吃东西而且在睡眠时候被袭击的可能性较小。B项意为猫不可能称为袭击者，与原文意思不符。44．Accordingtotheauthor,wecannotsleepwellwhenwe______.A．areworryingaboutoursafetyB．areoverworkedC．areinatentD．areawayfromhome正确答案：A解析：根据原文中举例，一旦我们担心熊冲进帐篷我们睡得很浅。由此可知A项正确。45．Evolutionhasprogrammedmantosleepatnightchieflytohelphim______.A．maintainaregularpatternoflifeB．preventtroublethatcomeslookingforhimC．avoiddangerandinefficientlaborD．restorehisbodilyfunctions正确答案：C解析：根据原文，进化设置人类睡眠主要是为了避免危险、恢复体能。Exchangeaglancewithsomeone,thenlookaway.Doyourealizethatyouhavemadeastatement?Holdtheglanceforasecondlonger,andyouhavemadeadifferentstatement.Holditfor3seconds,andthemeaninghaschangedagain.Foreverysocialsituation,thereisapermissibletimethatyoucanholdaperson’sgazewithoutbeingintimate,rude,oraggressive.Ifyouareonanelevator,whatgaze—timeareyoupermitted?Toanswerthisquestion,considerwhatyoutypicallydo.Youverylikelygiveotherpassengersaquickglancetosizethemup(打量)andtoassurethemthatyoumeannothreat.Sincebeingclosetoanotherpersonsignalsthepossibilityofinteraction.Youneedtoemitasignaltellingothersyouwanttobeleftalone.Soyoucutoffeyecontact,whatsociologistErvingGoffman(1963)calls“adimmingofthelights.”Youlookdownatthefloor,attheindicatorlights,anywherebutintoanotherpassenger’seyes.Shouldyoubreaktheruleagainststaringatastrangeronanelevator,youwillmaketheotherpersonexceedinglyuncomfortable,andyouarelikelytofeelabitstrangeyourself.Ifyouholdeyecontactformorethan3seconds,whatareyoutellinganotherperson?Muchdependsonthepersonandthesituation.Forinstance,amanandawomancommunicateinterestinthismanner.Theytypicallygazeateachotherforabout3secondsatatime,thendroptheireyesdownfor3seconds,beforelettingtheireyesmeetagain.Butifonemangivesanothermana3-second-plusstare,hesignals,“Iknowyou”,“Iaminterestedinyou,“or“YoulookpeculiarandIamcuriousaboutyou.“Thistypeofstareoftenproduceshostilefeelings.46．Thepassagemainlydiscusses______.A．thelimitationsofeyecontactB．theexchangeofideasthrougheyecontactC．properbehaviorinsituationsD．theroleofeyecontactininterpersonalcommunication正确答案：D解析：这是一道主旨题。文章通过介绍各种不同的视线交流所代表不同意义来说明视线交流在人际交往中所扮演的角色。47．Itcanbeinferredformthefirstparagraphthat______.A．everyglancehasitssignificanceB．staringatapersonisanexpressionofinterestC．agazelongerthan3secondsisunacceptableD．aglanceconveysmoremeaningthanwords正确答案：A解析：本题是一道推理题。从第一段中我们可推知每一瞥都有重要意义。盯看一个人不一定表示对其有兴趣。B项不正确。超过3秒的盯看是否可以接受要看具体情况。C项不正确。D项文中并未涉及。48．By“adimmingofthelights”ErvingGoffmanmeans“______”.A．closingone’seyesB．turningoffthelightsC．creasingtoglanceatothersD．reducinggaze-timetotheminimum正确答案：C解析：根据上下文，你闭上眼睛不与人视线碰撞被ErvingGoffman称之为“adimmingofthelights”，因此C项正确。49．Ifoneislookedatbyastrangerfortoolong,hetendstofeel______.A．depressedB．uneasyC．curiousD．amused正确答案：B解析：根据文章内容，如果被别人盯看了很长时间，这个人肯定感觉不舒服。50．Ifyouwanttobeleftaloneonanelevator,thebestthingtodois______.A．tolookintoanotherpassenger’seyesB．toavoideyecontactwithotherpassengersC．tosignalyouarenotathreattoanyoneD．tokeepadistancefromotherpassengers正确答案：B解析：根据文中内容，你想要发出信号告诉别人你想一个人留下来。因此你闭上眼睛不与人视线碰撞。B项正确。ProfessorSmithrecentlypersuaded35people,23ofthemwomen,tokeepadiaryofalltheirabsent-mindedactionsforafortnight.Whenhecametoanalysetheirembarrassinglapses(差错)inascientificreport,hewassurprisedtofindthatnearlyallofthemfellintoafewgroupings.Nordidthelapsesappeartobeentirelyrandom(随机的).Oneofthewomen,forinstance,onleavingherhouseforworkonemorningthrewherdogherearringsandtriedtofixadogbiscuitonherear.“Theexplanationforthisisthatthebrainislikeacomputer,“explainstheprofessor.“Peopleprogrammethemselvestodocertainactivitiesregularly.Itwasthewoman’scustomeverymorningtothrowherdogtwobiscuitsandthenputonherearrings.Butsomehowtheactiongotreversedintheprogramme.“Aboutoneintwentyoftheincidentsthevolunteersreportedwerethese“programmeassemblyfailures.“Altogetherthevolunteerslogged433unintentionalactionsthattheyfoundthemselvesdoing—anaverageoftwelveeach.Thereappeartobepeakperiodsinthedaywhenweareatourzaniest(荒谬可笑的).Thesearetwohourssometimebetweeneighta.m.andnoon,betweenfourandsixp.m.withasmallerpeakbetweeneightandtenp.m.“Amongmenthepeakseemstobewhenachangeoverinbrain‘programmes’occurs,asforinstancebetweengoingtoandfromwork.“Womenonaveragereportedslightlymorelapses—12.5comparedwith10.9formen-probablybecausetheyweremorereliablereporters.Astartlingfindingoftheresearchisthattheabsent-mindedactivityisahazardofdoingthingsinwhichweareskilled.Normally,youwouldexpectthatskillreducesthenumberoferrorswemake.Buttryingtoavoidsillyslipsbyconcentratingmorecouldmakethingsalotworse-evendangerous.51．“Programmeassemblyfailures”referstothephenomenonthatpeople______.A．oftenfailtoprogrammetheirroutinesbeforehandB．tendtomakemistakeswhentheyareinahurryC．unconsciouslychangethesequenceofdoingthingsD．arelikelytomessthingsupiftheyaretootired正确答案：D解析：根据文章内容“程序排列错误”是指人们为自己设定好了程序去做一些经常性的事务。但是，有时候程序中的步骤颠倒了。C项符合该定义。52．Welearnfromthethirdparagraphthat______.A．absent-mindednesstendstooccurduringcertainhoursofthedayB．womenareverycarefultoperformactionsduringpeakperiodsC．womenexperiencemorepeakperiodsofabsent-mindednessD．men’sabsent-mindednessoftenresultsinfunnysituations正确答案：A解析：这是一道细节题。从文中内容可知，研究发现人们在一天中的高峰时段经常会做出荒谬可笑的事情。一天中共有两个小时这样的时间，分别出现在早晨8点到中午，下午4点到6点之间，晚上8点到10点之间有个小高峰。A项正确。53．InhisstudyProfessorSmithaskedthesubjects______.A．tokeeptrackofpeoplewhotendtoforgetthingsB．toreporttheirembarrassinglapsesatrandomC．toanalysetheirawkwardexperiencesscientificallyD．tokeeparecordofwhattheydidunintentionally正确答案：B解析：根据文章内容，史密斯教授最近说服了35个人把他们所有心不在焉的行为都记下来。当他在一份科研报告中分析这些令人尴尬的差错时……据此可知史密斯教授所研究的主题是人们在心不在焉时候所犯的令人尴尬的错误。54．Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat______.A．peopleshouldavoiddoingimportantthingsduringpeakperiodsoflapsesB．hazardscanbeavoidedwhenpeopledothingstheyaregoodatC．peopleshouldbecarefulwhenprogrammingtheiractionsD．lapsescannotalwaysbeattributedtolackofconcentration正确答案：A解析：这是一道推理题。既然“研究发现人们在一天中的高峰时段经常会做出荒谬可笑的事情。一天中共有两个小时这样的时间，分别出现在早晨8点到中午，下午4点到6点之间，晚上8点到10点之间有个小高峰。”人们应该避免在这些特定的时间做重要的事情。55．ProfessorSmithdiscoveredthat______.A．certainpatternscanbeidentifiedintherecordedincidentsB．manypeopleweretooembarrassedtoadmittheirabsent-mindednessC．mentendtobemoreabsent-mindedthanwomenD．absent-mindednessisanexcusablehumanweakness正确答案：D解析：根据文中最后一段内容可以推知，心不在焉的行为是人类可以辩解的一个缺点。A项在记录的事件中，一些特定的模式可以识别，该内容文中未提及，B许多人不愿意承认心不在焉。文中未提及。C男人比女人更容易心不在焉，与文中陈述事实相反。Mostepisodesofabsent-mindedness-forgettingwhereyouleftsomethingorwonderingwhyyoujustenteredaroom—arecausedbyasimplelackofattention,saysSchacter.“You’resupposedtoremembersomething,butyouhaven’tencodeditdeeply.“Encoding,Schacterexplains,isaspecialwayofpayingattentiontoaneventthathasamajorimpactonrecallingitlater.Failuretoencodeproperlycancreateannoyingsituations.Ifyouputyourmobilephoneinapocket,forexample,anddon’tpayattentiontowhatyoudidbecauseyou’reinvolvedinaconversation,you’llprobablyforgetthatthephoneisinthejacketnowhanginginyouwardrobe(衣柜).“Yourmemoryitselfisn’tfailingyou,“saysSchacter.“Rather,youdidn’tgiveyourmemorysystemtheinformationitneeded.“Lackofinterestcanalsoleadtoabsent-mindedness.“Amanwhocanrecitesportsstatisticsfrom30yearsago,“saysZelinski,“maynotremembertodropaletterinthemailbox.“Womenhaveslightlybettermemoriesthanmen,possiblybecausetheypaymoreattentiontotheirenvironment,andmemoryreliesonjustthat.Visualcuescanhelppreventabsent-mindedness,saysSchacter.“Butbesurethecueisclearandavailable,“hecautions.Ifyouwanttoremembertotakeamedication(药物)withlunch,putthepillbottleonthekitchentable—don’tleaveitinthemedicinechestandwriteyourselfanotethatyoukeepinapocket.Anothercommonepisodeofabsent-mindedness:walkingintoaroomandwonderingwhyyou’rethere.Mostlikely,youwerethinkingaboutsomethingelse.“Everyonedoesthisfromtimetotime,“saysZelinski.Thebestthingtodoistoreturntowhereyouwerebeforeenteringtheroom,andyou’lllikelyremember.56．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Theprocessofgradualmemoryloss.B．Thecausesofabsent-mindedness.C．Theimpactoftheenvironmentonmemory.D．Awayifencodingandrecalling.正确答案：B解析：文中通过举例，对各种情况进行分析，向读者介绍了心不在焉的原因。57．Onepossiblereasonwhywomenhavebettermemoriesthanmenisthat______.A．theyhaveawiderrangeofinterestsB．theyaremorereliantontheenvironmentC．theyhaveanunusualpoweroffocusingtheirattentionD．theyaremoreinterestedinwhat’shappeningaroundthem正确答案：D解析：这是一道细节题。文中陈述：女性的记忆力略强于男性，很可能是因为女性更注意周围环境，而这正是记忆所依赖的。所以D项正确。58．Whydoestheauthorthinkthatencodingproperlyisveryimportant?A．Ithelpsusunderstandourmemorysystembetter.B．Itenablesustorecallsomethingformourmemory.C．Itexpandsourmemorycapacityconsiderably.D．Itslowsdowntheprocessoflosingourmemory.正确答案：B解析：这是一道细节题。文中陈述：编码是集中注意力于某一件事的特殊方式，它对于以后回忆有重要影响。所以B项正确。59．Whatdowelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．Ifwefocusourattentionononething,wemightforgetanother.B．Memorydependstoacertainextentontheenvironment.C．Repetitionhelpsimproveourmemory.D．Ifwekeepforgettingthings,we’dbetterreturntowherewewere.正确答案：A解析：这是一道推理题，文中陈述：进了房间却忘了想干什么。极有可能你正在想别的事情。也就是说因为你的注意力在这件事情，你就会忘了另外一件事情。60．Anoteinthepocketcanhardlyserveasareminderbecause______.A．itwilleasilygetlostB．it’snotclearenoughforyoutoreadC．it’soutofyoursightD．itmightgetmixedupwithotherthings正确答案：C解析：这是一道推理题。文中陈述：视觉提示可以帮助避免心不在焉。根据题设可推知，没有看到笔记本它就难以起到记事本应有的作用。ClozeManystudentsfindtheexperienceofattendinguniversitylecturestobeaconfusingandfrustratingexperience.Thelecturerspeaksforoneortwohours,perhaps【C1】______thetalkwithslides,writingupimportantinformationontheblackboard,【C2】______readingmaterialandgivingout【C3】______.Thenewstudentseestheotherstudentscontinuouslywritingonnotebooksand【C4】______whattowrite.Veryoftenthestudentleavesthelecture【C5】______noteswhichdonotcatchthemainpointsand【C6】______becomehardevenforthe【C7】______tounderstand.Mostinstitutionsprovidecourseswhich【C8】______newstudentstodeveloptheskillstheyneedtobe【C9】______listenersandnote-takers.【C10】______theseareunavailable,therearemanyusefulstudy-skillsguideswhich【C11】______learnerstopracticetheseskills【C12】______.Inallcasesitisimportantto【C13】______theproblem【C14】______actuallystartingyourstudies.Itisimportantto【C15】______thatmoststudentshavedifficultyinacquiringthelanguageskills【C16】______incollegestudy.Onewayof【C17】______thesedifficultiesistoattendthelanguageandstudy-skillsclasseswhichmostinstitutionsprovidethroughoutthe【C18】______year.Anotherbasic【C19】______istofindastudypartner【C20】______itispossibletoidentifydifficulties,exchangeideasandprovidesupport.61．【C1】A．extendingB．illustratingC．performingD．conducting正确答案：B解析：将第61，62，63题通盘考虑。此处意为“老师会花一两个小时用幻灯来解释讲课的内容，写出一些重要的信息，散发一些阅读材料，布置作业”。illustrate用图解说明，举例说明。62．【C2】A．attributingB．contributingC．distributingD．explaining正确答案：C解析：参考第61题答案。attribute把……的原因归为……；contribute有助于，贡献；distribute分发，散发，与下文的giveout同义。63．【C3】A．assignmentsB．informationC．contentD．definition正确答案：A解析：assignments作业，任务。64．【C4】A．suspectsB．understandsC．wondersD．convinces正确答案：C解析：新生发现别的学生一直在记笔记，他们不知道该记些什么，所以用wonders。而suspects(怀疑)；understands(理解，明白)；convinces(让人相信)与题意不符。65．【C5】A．withoutB．withC．onD．except正确答案：B解析：with结构在此表示伴随的结果，说明学生听完讲座却记了一些抓不住重点的笔记。66．【C6】A．whatB．thoseC．asD．which正确答案：D解析：这里是一个并列句，并列的两个部分是whichdonotcatchthemainpointsandwhichbeconlehardevenforthestudentstounderstand。67．【C7】A．teachersB．classmatesC．partnersD．students正确答案：D解析：此句意为：学生记下的笔记连自己也无法明白。68．【C8】A．preventB．requireC．assistD．forbid正确答案：C解析：鉴于上述情况，许多学校开设课程以帮助新生培养记笔记的能力，成为一名真正有效率的听众。assist帮助，援助。69．【C9】A．effectiveB．passiveC．relativeD．expressive正确答案：A解析：effective有效的；passive被动的；relative相对的；expressive表现的，富于表现的。70．【C10】A．BecauseB．ThoughC．WhetherD．If正确答案：D解析：此处的意思是：如果这些课程不可行的话，还会有许多行之有效的学习技巧的指导，这些指导使学生们能够独立地锻炼这些学习技巧，在此If表示假设条件。71．【C11】A．enableB．stimulateC．advocateD．prevent正确答案：A解析：enablesb．todosth使人能够干什么；stimulate激发，刺激；advocate提倡，倡导；prevent阻止。72．【C12】A．independentlyB．repeatedlyC．logicallyD．generally正确答案：A解析：independently独立地；repeatedly再三，重复地；logically合乎逻辑地；generally大体上，一般地。73．【C13】A．evaluateB．acquaintC．tackleD．formulate正确答案：C解析：此句意为“通常学生在开始学习之前就应该解决这种听课技能的问题”，此处C项中totackleproblem意为“解决问题”。evaluate估计，评估；acquaint使认识，了解；formulate用公式表示，系统地阐述或提出。74．【C14】A．beforeB．afterC．whileD．for正确答案：A解析：参考73题。75．【C15】A．predictB．acknowledgeC．argueD．ignore正确答案：B解析：这里的意思是“承认大多数学生在获取语言技能方面有困难，这是很重要的。因为只有承认这种困难才能提出克服困难的方法”。所以选B。acknowledge承认，认可。predict预测；argue争论，论证；ignore忽略，忽视。76．【C16】A．torequireB．requiredC．requiringD．arerequired正确答案：B解析：过去分词作定语。77．【C17】A．preventingB．withstandingC．sustainingD．overcoming正确答案：D解析：克服困难用overcomedifficulty，不用preventing阻止，阻碍；withstand经受住，抵抗；sustain支撑，经受。78．【C18】A．averageB．ordinaryC．normalD．academic正确答案：D解析：本题涉及学年的表达方法。79．【C19】A．statementB．strategyC．situationD．suggestion正确答案：B解析：此句意为：另一种基本的方案或策略是寻找一个学习的伙伴。strategy策略，方案。80．【C20】A．inthatB．forwhichC．withwhomD．suchas正确答案：C解析：本题测试介词与关系代词的用法，withwhom表示与同伴一起学习。TranslationSectionADirections:TranslatethefollowingEnglishintoChinese.81．Besidesbeginanendlesssourceofenergy,theuseofthesunhasotheradvantagesaswell.正确答案：除了作为一种新型无尽能源之外，太阳能的利用同样还有其他益处。82．Nearly54millioncarsandtrucksintheUnitedStatesareequippedwithdriversideairbagslocatedinthecenterofthesteeringwheel.24millionalsohaveapassengersidedevicelocatedinthedashboard.正确答案：美国将近有五千四百万辆小型车辆在方向盘一方装备了驾驶安全气囊，其中有近两千四百万