2024长沙中考英语二轮复习 专题一 第1讲 动词和动词短语（课件）

课标知识导图1

命题点1动词词义辨析2

命题点2动词短语3第1讲动词和动词短语课标知识导图命题点1动词词义辨析(语言运用第一节)长沙考情概览考查角度题型考查点实义动词词义辨析语言运用第一节laugh(2021.48);rushed(2021.51);troubled(2021.31);spelling(2021.32);relaxed(2021.36);learning(2021.40);wait(2022.32);waste(2022.39);enjoyed(2023.32);share(2022.33);change(2023.31);read(2023.36)考查角度题型考查点词义相对类动词词义辨析(6年4考)语言运用第一节loved(2021.53);stopped(2021.54);disappeared(2022.37);sell(2023.31)满分突破解答此类试题时，首先要确定三个动词的含义，然后分析语境，找出关键词，或根据前后句的逻辑关系，确定正确答案。因此考生在平时的学习中，需要重点积累并掌握实义动词的含义。初中常见的词义相对类的词汇总结如下：词汇含义词汇含义have拥有lose失去forget忘记remember记住save节约waste浪费ask询问reply/answer回复/回答buy买sell卖begin/start开始end结束borrow借入lend借出fail失败succeed成功词汇含义词汇含义bring带来take带走appear出现disappear消失come来go去continue继续stop停止doubt怀疑believe/trust相信find找到lose丢失like/love喜欢hate/dislike讨厌win赢lose输即时训练微语境夯基1.IsentanemailtomyEnglishteachertoaskforsomeusefulsuggestionsonlearningEnglishandhe________totheemailquickly.A.agreed B.replied C.asked2.Idon'tknowwho________thecomputer,butIknowithaschangedtheworldgreatly.A.invented B.covered C.playedBA3.Sometimeslifeisn'tasperfectaswe________.Wemayfacemanydifficultiesinourlife.A.break B.enjoy C.imagine4.Don'tbeafraidof________indoingsomething.It'svaluabletolearnsomethingfrommistakes.A.failing B.succeeding C.joining5.OntheeveningoftheLanternFestival,manychildrenfeelhappyto________lanternsaroundthestreet.A.take B.carry C.bringCAB6.Ifastudentisableto________somebodyelsewhathe'slearnedfromtextbooks,itshowshe'sunderstooditwell.A.teach B.lend C.thank7.I________thematchbetweenMaLongandFanZhendong.Itwassowonderful.A.discovered B.joined C.watched8.Tonyisanhonestboyandhenevertellsalie.Weall________himandliketomakefriendswithhim.A.doubt B.trust C.requireACB9.Idecideto________Jenny'sadviceonjoiningtheEnglishCornertopracticemyspokenEnglish.A.accept B.copy C.support10.Youridea________good.Let'sgiveitatryandseeifitwillwork.A.sounds B.looks C.feelsAA微语篇提能在孤儿院庆祝生日 Lastyear,Ihadaspecialexperience.Myparentsdecidedto1mybirthdayinanorphanage(孤儿院)withchildrenIdidn'tknow. Afterweenteredtheorphanage,I2somechildrengather(聚集)inthecentralpark.Theircheerfulfacessoonmademesmile.Thejoyfromthechildren3myheart.外文素材选自NonfictionReadingPracticeGrade2 AsIhandedoutthecakes,eachchild4meandgavemethebestwishes.Icouldseethechildren'skindnessfromtheireyes.Icouldnotholdbackmytears. We5somegameshappily.Iwassurprisedtoseehowtheelderoneshelpedtheyoungeronesinwinningthegames.SometimesIcan'thelp6thatweareluckierthanthem.Wehaveparentswhocelebrateourbirthdays,butmostofthesekidsdon'tevenknowwhentheywereborn.Theyhavegonethroughsomanydifficulties,soweshouldcareaboutthem.Andweshouldletthem7thattheyarelovedandwantedbyothers.()1.A.celebrate B.hold C.describe()2.A.saw B.met C.raised()3.A.repaired B.touched C.changed()4.A.protected B.hugged C.worried()5.A.studied B.developed C.played()6.A.thinking B.hearing C.noticing()7.A.wonder B.repeat C.knowAABBCAC命题点2动词短语(语言运用第一节：6年4考；语言运用第三节：6年7考)长沙考情概览分析长沙近6年中考真题可知，动词短语在语言运用第一节(6年4考)和语言运用第三节(6年7考)中考查，具体如下：在语言运用第一节考查角度为：同一动词型(2023.40)，makeadifference；同一介词/副词型(2022.34)，helpout；混合型(2022.39，2023.33)，comeback；makefunof；在语言运用第三节英译汉(6年4考)和汉译英(6年3考)都会涉及，如：thinkabout(2021.66)，dependon(2023.69)，haveone'sopinionof...(2022.70)，gothrough(2023.67)，makefriends(2022.68)，learnfrom(2023.66)，giveup(2023.69)。满分突破1考向make短语(2023.40)makeadifference有作用；有影响(2023.40)makefriends(with...)(和……)交朋友makefunof嘲笑；取笑makeprogress取得进展；取得进步makenotes做笔记 makesure确保；查明同一动词型(2023.40)makeup编造(故事、谎言等)makeamess弄得一团糟(一塌糊涂)makeamistake/mistakes犯错误makeawish许愿 makeadecision作决定makeaneffort/efforts作出努力makeuseof利用make...feelathome使(某人)感到宾至如归1.Youshouldtellthetruthtoyourteacherandparentsinsteadof________storiesforyourself.A.makingsure B.makingup C.makingefforts2.Ifyourbestfriend________，youcanpointitouttohelphimcorrectintime.A.makesamistake B.makesadecision C.makesawish3.Wearesoproudofourcountryforithas________inspaceresearch.A.madefriends B.madenotes C.madeprogressBACcome短语comeback回来；想起来comeacross(偶然)遇见(或发现)comedown下来 comefrom来自comein/into进入；进来 comeintobeing形成comeout出现；出版 comeon快点儿；加油comeover过来；顺便来访cometrue实现comebackto回到(主题、想法等)上来comeupwith想出；提出(主意、答案等)comeupto(为攀谈而)走到跟前；走近4.Thestormwasover.Thesunaswellastherainbow________fromtheclouds.A.cameover B.cameout C.camedown5.Mostofthestudentsinourclass________poorvillages.Theyarethirstyforknowledge.A.comein B.comefrom C.comebackBB6.Ifapersonhascreativethinkingability,itmeanshecanalways________somenewanddifferentideas.A.comeupwithB.comeintobeingC.comeuptoAgo短语gothrough穿过；浏览 goalong沿着……走goaway消失 goahead前进goback回去 goby流逝；过去goon继续 goout出去goover仔细检查；复习 gooff响起；消失goup上升；升起7.Youmust________therightsideoftheroad,John.ItisatrafficruleinChina.A.goby B.goalong C.goahead8.Thestudentwaslateforthemeetingbecausehisalarmclockdidn't________．A.gooff B.goout C.goup9.Beforeyouhandinyourpaper,please________itagaintomakesureyournameiswrittenonit.A.goaway B.gothrough C.gooverBACput短语putaway放好 putdown写下；记下putoff推迟puton上演；增加(体重)；发胖putout熄灭 puttogether组装；组织putup搭建；张贴10.Thefootballgamehastobe________becauseitisreportedthattherainwillcomesoon.A.putdown B.puton C.putoff11.Thephotosthatwonthefirstprizeinthecompetitionwillbe________onthewebsite.Youcanlookthroughthemlater.A.putaway B.putup C.puttogetherCBget短语getawayfrom避免；摆脱；逃离getaway逃离 getback回来getin进入；到达；收获getinto陷入；参与 getoff下车getout离开；出去 getover克服geton上车 getto到达getup起床；站起getreadyfor为……做准备getoutof离开；从……出来getusedto习惯于geton/alongwith和睦相处；关系良好getintothehabitof养成……的习惯getintheway(of)挡……的路；妨碍12.Lucyhasagoodhabit.Sheusually________atsixo'clockandgoestobedatteno'clock.A.getsup B.getsout C.getsbackA13.Itookthesubwayand________attheDowntownStation.Myfatherpickedmeupthere.A.gotaway B.goton C.gotoff14.Myparentsplantoholdapartyformygrandpa'sbirthday.Weareall________it.A.gettingoutofB.gettingreadyforC.gettingusedtoCBlook短语lookfor寻找；寻求 lookafter照顾；照看lookat看……lookaround(四处)转转；参观lookinto调查；观察 looklike看起来像lookout小心；注意 lookover检查lookthrough快速查看；浏览lookup(在词典、参考书中或通过电脑)查阅；抬头看lookbackat回首(往事)；回忆；回顾lookupto钦佩；仰慕lookforwardto盼望；期待……lookdownupon瞧不起；看低15.Linda________hermother.Bothofthemhavecurlyhairandblueeyes.A.lookslike B.looksinto C.looksover16.Thewinterholidayiscoming.Jackis________visitinghisuncle.A.lookinguptoB.lookingforwardtoC.lookingbackatAB17.Grandfatherliveswithus.Weall________him.A.lookat B.lookfor C.lookafter18.Itisnotalwaysnecessaryto________everynewwordinthedictionarywhilereading.A.lookup B.lookat C.lookforCAtake短语takeafter(外貌或行为)像takedown拆除；往下拽；记录takein吸收；吸入 takeoff起飞；脱掉takeover接收；接管 takeout切除；摘除；带走takeon承担；接受(尤指艰巨的工作或重大责任)takeup占用；占据；开始从事takeawayfrom从……拿走takecareof照顾 takepartin参加takepridein以……为傲taketheplaceof代替19.Thetemperatureisabove38℃.Whynot________yourcoat?A.takein B.takeafter C.takeoff20.Sandyseldomgoesoutatweekendsbecausereading________mostofherfreetime.A.takesup B.takesdown C.takesoutCA21.Whenyouleavethehall,rememberto________therubbisharoundyou.A.takein B.takeoff C.takeaway22.Iwantto________atrainingactivityfornewvolunteers.Wouldyouliketogowithme?A.takepridein B.takecareof C.takepartinCCturn短语turnaround转身；调转方向turnback(使)返回；(使)折回turndown拒绝；调低(声音)turninto变成turnright/left向右/左转turnoff关掉 turnout结果是turn...over使……翻转turnon接通(电流、煤气、水等)；打开turnto转向；求助于 turnup调高(音量)23.Drawyourowninventiononthepaper.Maybeitwillbe________arealproductoneday.A.turnedoff B.turnedout C.turnedinto24.Jane________theinvitationfromherfriend.Shehadanimportantmeetingthatday.A.turnedback B.turnedto C.turneddownCC2考向about短语thinkabout思考；思索；考虑argueabout为……争论bringabout带来；导致；引起careabout关心；在意 comeabout产生；发生complainabout抱怨 dreamabout梦想；梦到hearabout听说 know/learnabout了解talkabout谈论；讨论 tellabout讲述worryabout担心；烦恼同一介词/副词型(2022.34)25.Thisspecialactivitywascreatedtoremindpeopleto________theearth—thehomeofallthelivingthings.A.careabout B.hearabout C.argueabout26.Don't________yourfinalexam.Youalwaysdowellinallyoursubjects.A.hearabout B.knowabout C.worryaboutAC27.Thestudentsare________whattheyhavelearnedinhistoryclass.Howhappytheyare!A.dreamingaboutB.knowingaboutC.talkingaboutCout短语(2022.34)helpout帮助……摆脱困境(2022.34)blowout吹灭bringout使显现；使表现出carryout执行；开展cutout删除；删去eatout出去吃饭；下馆子findout查明；弄清；找出；发现giveout发出；放出(光、热等)；分发；散发handout分发hangout闲逛；常去某处layout摆开；布置pointout指出runout(of)用尽；用完；耗尽setout出发；启程workout成功地发展；解决；算出；制订；完成28.TheEnglishSpeechCompetition________thebestinmysister.Asaresult,sheismoreactivenow.A.setout B.workedout C.broughtout29.Weusually________somemooncakesandfruitsonthetabletocelebratetheMid­AutumnFestival.A.pointout B.layout C.breakout30.TinacomestoChinainordertoexperienceChinesecultureand________whichuniversityisthebestforhertoattend.A.findout B.carryout C.handoutCBAup短语giveup放弃 breakup粉碎；破碎callup打电话给(某人)；征召；号召cheerup(使)变得高兴；振奋起来cleanup打扫(或清除)干净cutup切碎；剁碎 dressup装扮；乔装打扮eatup吃光；吃完 fixup修理；装饰getup起床；站立 growup长大；成熟；成长hurryup赶快；急忙(做某事)pickup接电话；捡起；获得；收拾sendup发出；射出 setup建立；设立showup赶到；露面 stayup深夜不睡；熬夜useup用尽；吃光 wakeup醒来；唤醒warmup热身31.Somevolunteersaregoingto________thecentralpark.Let'sjointhem.A.sendup B.pickup C.cleanup32.Mygrandfatheralways________atsixinthemorning.HedoesTaiChiintheyardtokeepfit.A.dressesup B.getsup C.showsup33.It'salready7：20p．m.Ifyouwanttocatchthelastschoolbus,youmust________，Jack.A.warmup B.callup C.hurryupCBC34.Jimdreamsofbecomingateacherwhenhe________，sohestudieshard.A.growsup B.cheersup C.usesup35.Itisimportantto________beforeyoudoexercise,oryouwillhurtyourself.A.catchup B.warmup C.growup36.—Youseemtired.What'swrong?—I________tostudyformyEnglishtestlastnight.A.stoodup B.wokeup C.stayedupABCfor短语askfor请求 carefor照顾；关怀leavefor动身去 payfor为……付钱preparefor为……做准备 standfor代表thanksfor因……而感谢 waitfor等待37.Don'tjust________thestormtopass.Learntodanceintherain.A.waitfor B.preparefor C.leavefor38.Iwassohappyto________myschooltoattendthismeeting.Hopewecanhaveagoodresult.A.standfor B.askfor C.careforAAdown短语falldown摔倒 breakdown损坏；失败cutdown砍倒；削减 calmdown(使)平静；镇静cooldown平静下来；冷却countdown倒计时；倒读数diedown逐渐变弱；逐渐消失knockdown拆除；击倒；撞到liedown躺下 shutdown关闭；停下sitdown坐下 writedown写下；记下39.Doingtheseactivitiesatbedtimecangetkidsexcitedandmakeithardforthemto________andsleep.A.countdown B.calmdown C.sitdown40.Mybike________andwassenttoberepaired.CanIuseyoursforawhile?A.brokedown B.shutdown C.knockeddownBA41.Whenpeopleavoidusingtheircars,they'redoingsomethingto________airpollution.A.writedown B.liedown C.cutdownC42.ThismorningLily________onherwaytoschool.Sheisinhospitalnow.A.felldown B.cooleddown C.dieddownA3考向43.Everyoneshould________litterwheneverheseesitontheplayground.A.cheeron B.pickup C.thinkof44.Whenyougetangry,don't________othersbutgotosomeplacestocalmdown.A.playwith B.lookafter C.shoutat45.IfyouwanttojointheMusicClub,________theform,please.A.fillin B.lookat C.takeout混合型(2022.39，2023.33)BCA46.Whatbadluck!BythetimeI________theairport,theplanehadjusttakenoff.A.wentacross B.rushedout C.arrivedat47.ThesongDreamItPossibleoftenremindsmethatweshouldalwaystryourbestandnever________catchingourdreams.A.giveup B.payfor C.cleanoff48.Asweteenagersgetolder,weneedto________ourselvesandlearntosolveproblemsbyourselves.A.handout B.dependon C.passbyCAB49.Thegovernmentistryingtoprotecttheenvironment.Itisreportedthatsomefactorieswillbe________soon.A.setup B.shutdown C.tookin50.The3Dfilmcanmakeus________beingintherealsituation.Youcanhaveatry.A.setup B.cutoff C.feellike51.Everyeveningmyfather________newspaperswhilemymotherwatchesTV.A.hearsfrom B.givesaway C.looksthroughBCC52.Today，WeChat(微信)becomesverypopular,andmoreandmorepeopleliketouseitto________eachother.A.comparewithB.communicatewithC.separatefrom53.Ifyouwanttogetahighscoreinanexam,you'dbetter________whatyou'velearnedcarefullyandmakesomenotesaboutthedifficultpointsaheadoftime.A.leadto B.stickto C.gooverBC54.Youshould________beforemakingadecision.Youareoldenoughtoberesponsibleforyourself.A.lookout B.liedown C.thinkoverC4考向55.多亏了消防员，大火被及时扑灭。_________________________________________________________56.我们可以关掉电视，因为没有人在看它。_________________________________________________________57.当你处于困难中时，不要害怕寻求帮助。_________________________________________________________动词短语翻译[针对语言运用第三节](6年7考)

Thankstothefiremen,thefirewasputoutintime.WecanturnofftheTVbecausenobodyiswatchingit.Don'tbeafraidtoaskforhelpwhenyouareintrouble.58.我听说一位很著名的老师下周会来我们学校做交流。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________59.只要你努力工作，决不放弃，你的梦想就会实现。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________60.每个人都应该养成有序上下公交车的习惯。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Iheardthataveryfamousteacherwillcometoourschoolforcommunicationnext