人教版高中英语选修6课件unit1artgrammar虚拟语气

TheSubjunctiveMood(虚拟语气)英语中有三种语气:

陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气陈述语气：用来陈述一个事实，或提出一种看法。有肯定、否定、疑问和感叹等形式。祈使语气：用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等。虚拟语气：表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑、猜测或建议。主要用在if条件状语从句中；也可用在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中。判断语气：1.Knowledgeispower.2.Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.3Howbrightthemoonistonight!4.Openthewindow,please.5.Iwishthathehadfollowedmyadvice.6.Theteachersuggestedthatweshouldreadaloud.7.IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotsaythat.8.IfIhavetimetomorrow,Iwillcallyou.（陈述）（祈使）

（虚拟）（陈述）（陈述）（虚拟）（虚拟）虚拟条件句真实条件句Whenitiscontrarytothepresent1.IfIsawhimnow,Iwouldbeveryhappy.2.Ifhewereherenow,Icouldaskhimaboutit.3.Ifhesolvedthequestionnow,Iwouldgivehimabighand.a.Ifthey____(be)here,they__________(take)youradvice.b.Iftheworld-war_____(burst)outagain,what_____________(happen)toourpeopleonearth?werewouldtakeburstwouldhappenPRACTICE1:Fillintheblanks.What

would

youdoifyou

won

thelottery?IfI

won

thelottery,I

would…IfI

won

thelottery,I

wouldbuyanexpensivecar.

(与现在事实相反）IfI

wonthelottery,

I

would

buyavilla.（与现在事实相反）Whenitiscontrarytothepasta.IfTom________(be)morecarefulintheexam,he________________(pass)italready.b.Ifyou_______(get)upearlier,you________________(catch)thefirsttrain.hadbeenwouldhavepassedhadgotwouldhavecaughtPRACTICE2:Fillintheblanks.c.IfI_______(meet)youyesterday,we______________(go)totheconcerttogether.hadmetwouldhavegone1.Ifheshouldseeme,hewouldknowme.2.Ifitweretoraintomorrow,themeetingwouldbeputoff.3.Ifyoucametomorrow,wewouldhavethemeeting.Whenitiscontrarytothefuturea.Ifthere________(be)nonaturalresourceanymore,we___________(make)useofnuclearpower.b.What____________(happen)ifyou____________(getup)toolatetomorrow?shouldbeshouldmakewouldhappenshouldgetupPRACTICE3:Fillintheblanks.c.IfRobots_____________(control)theworldsomeday,here________(be)nofriendship.weretocontrolwouldbe1、If虚拟条件状语从句

含义If从句谓语动词主句谓语形式例句与现在事实相反与过去事实相反与将来事实相反weredidmight/shouldwould/could+dohaddone

would/could/shouldmighthavedoneIf

Iwereateacher,IwouldnotleavemuchhomeworkIfhehadstudiedharder,hewouldhaveenteredourschool.didshoulddowereto

might/shouldwould/could+doPracticemakesperfectEx.

1）如果我是你，我就努力学习。IfI______you,I_____________hardwerewouldstudy2）如果我有钱，我就给妈妈买一个收音机。

IfI______money,I_____________aradioformymother.hadwouldbuy3）如果你昨天来，你就会看见她了。Ifyou________yesterday,you_____________her.wouldhaveseen4）如果你早点起，你就赶上那趟车了。

Ifyou_______upearlier,you_______________thatbus.hadgotwouldhavecaught5）如果明天下雨，我们就不去郊游了Ifit_________tomorrow,we_________________.rainedwouldnotgooutingProofwritinghadhadnotbeenwouldn’tstudywouldnotbe

2.虚拟语气的倒装IfIwereateacher,Iwouldhavelotsofstudents._____Iateacher,Iwouldhavelotsofstudents.IfIhadenteredrui’anhighschool,Iwouldnotsitherenow._________enteredrui’anhighschool,Iwouldnotsitherenow.IfweshouldvisitZhejiangUniversitytomorrow,Iwouldplaybasketballthere._________visitZhejiangUniversitytomorrow,Iwouldplaybasketballthere.WereHadIShouldwe3.without和butfor等构成的含蓄虚拟条件句。Withoutsunlight,people’slifewouldbedifferentfromtoday.Butforyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavefinishedthework.含蓄虚拟条件句指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是通过其他方式（介词或介词短语，连词：but,otherwise等）来暗示存在虚拟条件。这类条件句可以转化为if引导的条件句。4.假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。如果我昨晚早睡的话，我现在就不会犯困了。IfIhadgonetobedearlierlastnight,Iwouldnotfeelsleepynow.★如果他听了我的劝告,他现在会通过考试。Hewouldpassthetest

ifhehadtakenmyadvice.

★假如昨天我对他说了,现在我就知道该怎么办了。

IfIhadspokentohimyesterday,Ishouldknow

whattodonow.

5.

名词性从句的虚拟语气。主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。

这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词使用should+动词原形，或者将should省略。1.Mrs.Linsuggeststhatweshoulddoagreatdealoforalpractice.2.Theschoolinsiststhatweshouldnothaveapuppylove.1.我们建议Tom去休息一下。2.他坚决要求我到场。3.国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。4.他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。1.WesuggestedthatTom2.HeinsistedthatI

present.4.Theyrequestedthatwe3.Thekingorderedthattheprisonersshouldhavearest.(should)beshouldbekilledthenextday.shouldsendthemtoworkthere.2)以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。

order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desirebecarriedbeclosed6.It’snecessary/strange/natural/important+that---从句中的动词要用虚拟，即(should)+动词原形shouldmasterrefusestudy7.几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法；1）wish

+宾语从句现在：过去：未来：过去时(did/were)过去完成时(haddone)would/could/might+V.IwishI________abird.(be)IwishI____________suchamistake.(notmake)Wewishourparents________________us.(notpunish)werehadn’tmadewouldn’tpunish2）Ifonly…(要是…就好了)

IfonlyIknewhisname!Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice!IfonlyIcouldseehimagain!要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。要是我没错过火车就好了！Ifonlyourparentscouldlivewithus!IfonlyIhadn’tmissedthetrain!3）wouldratherthat-现在：过去：未来：Iwouldratheryou______menow.(pay)Iwouldratheryou__________yesterday.(go)过去时过去时过去完成时paidhadgonecame

I'dratherbeasparrowthanasnail.

[YesI

.IfI

,Isurely

.]

I'dratherbeahammerthana

.

[…]

Away,I'drather

.

Likeaswanthat'shereandgone.

Amangetstieduptotheground.

Hegivestheworlditssaddest