新教材2025版高中英语Unit3TheworldofscienceSectionⅡUsinglanguage学案外研版必修第三册

SectionⅡUsinglanguage1.beyondprep.无法……；超出(某个数量、水平或限度)；晚于，迟于adv.在更远处，往更远处(教材原句)Withinthenext80years,ourlivesmaybechangedbeyondrecognitionby3Dprinting.在将来的80年里，3D打印可能会让我们的生活发生天翻地覆的改变。❶ThebeautyoftheWestLakeisbeyonddescription.西湖的漂亮简直无法形容。❷Theproblemwasquitebeyondhim.他根本无法理解这个问题。❸IknowwhatI'llbedoingforthenextthreeweeksbutIhaven'tthoughtbeyondthat.我知道我将来三周要做什么，但再往后我还没有想过。❹Snowdonandthemountainsbeyondwerecoveredinsnow.斯诺登山和更远的山脉都被积雪覆盖着。[归纳探究]beyondrecognition认不出来，面目全非beyonddescription无法形容beyondrepair无法修理beyondbelief无法信任beyondcompare无与伦比beyondone'swildestdreams某人做梦也想不到beyondone'sreach在某人够不着的地方[即学即练]完成句子①Thetowncentrehadchanged__________________________(认不出来).②Thewholeproblemwashardtosolve.It__________________________(他无法理解).③他的胜利令人难以置信，因为他的对手特别有阅历。Hissuccesswas________________________sincehiscompetitorwassoexperienced.④她在昨天音乐会上的表演无与伦比。Herperformanceatyesterday'sconcertwas________________________．2.significantadj.重要的，影响深远的❶Themostsignificantthingyoushouldkeepinmindisthatmostofthequestionsareeasyifyoumakeuseofcorrectmethods.你应当牢记的最重要的事情是，假如你运用正确的方法的话，大部分问题是简单的。❷Mostpeopleattachgreatsignificancetoeducation.大多数人重视教化。❸Thediscoveryofthenewdrugisofgreatsignificancetopeoplesufferingfromheartproblems.这种新药的发觉对患有心脏病的人具有重要意义。❹Theyperformedsignificantlybetterinalltheothertests.他们在全部其他的测试中明显表现得更好。[归纳探究](1)asignificantachievement重大成就ahighlysignificantdiscovery有重大意义的发觉playasignificantrolein在……中发挥重要作用Itissignificantthat...……很重要。besignificant＝beofsignificance重要的(2)attach(great/little)significanceto认为……(很/几乎不)重要beof(great/no/little)significanceto...对……(很/不/几乎不)重要[一句多译]我认为，练习书法对学生的成长有着重要的意义。Inmyview,practicinghandwritingisverysignificanttothestudents'growth.＝Inmyview,practicinghandwritingisofgreatsignificancetothestudents'growth.[即学即练]单句语法填空①MoststudentsthinkitsignificanttojointheEnglishcorner,thoughafewhaven'trealizedthe________(significant)ofit.②Learningstrategies，________whichtheteachersattachsignificance,haven'tdrawnenoughattentionofstudents.③Thenewdrughasgreat________(significant)forthetreatmentofthedisease.④Theplantobecarriedoutis________greatsignificancetopeople'slifethere.3.injurev．使受伤，弄伤(教材原句)Anditisnotjusthumanswhoarebenefiting—inBrazil,peoplehavegivenanew3D-printedshelltoaturtleinjuredinaforestfire!而且不仅仅是人类受益——在巴西，人们给了一只在森林大火中受伤的乌龟一个新的3D打印的龟壳！❶Themainthingistoattendtotheinjured.首要任务是照看伤者。❷Don'tdothat.Youwilldoyourselfaninjury.别那样做。你会把自己弄伤的。❸Toomuchsmokingwillinjurethevoice.吸烟太多会损害嗓音。[归纳探究]injuresb./sth./oneself使某人/某物受伤injureone'spride/feelings损害某人的自尊/情感bebadly/seriouslyinjured严峻受伤theinjured受伤的人dosb.aninjury/doaninjurytosb.损害某人[单词积累]injuredadj.受伤的injuryn．损害；损害Aninjuredmanwastakentothehospital,wherethedoctorsfoundhesufferedsevereinjuriestotheheadandarmsandtheywonderedwhohadinjuredhim.一个受伤的人被送到了医院，在那里医生发觉他的头部和胳膊都受到了严峻的损害，他们很怀疑是谁损害了他。[即学即练]单句语法填空①The________(injure)wasquitepainfulandIcouldn'tmovemyarmforamonth—Ihatedthat.②Thewoman________(injure)inthecarcrashisstillundertreatmentinhospital.③Amonthbeforemyfirstmarathon,oneofmyankles________(injure)andthismeantnotrunningfortwoweeks,leavingmeonlytwoweekstotrain.4.accurateadj.精确的；精确的；逼真的(教材原句)HealsodevelopedacalendarwhichisasaccurateastheGregoriancalendar.他还研制了一种和公历一样精确的历法。❶Herreportofwhathappenedwasaccurateineverydetailofthefacts.她对发生的状况的报道在事实的每项细微环节方面都精确无误。❷HecanspeakEnglishfluentlyandaccurately.他能精确流畅地说英语。❸Whileworkingouttheproblem,youshouldpaymoreattentiontotheaccuracy.在解决问题的时候，你应当多留意精确性。[归纳探究]beaccuratein在……方面精确anaccurateaccount/aim精确的叙述/目标tobeaccurate精确地说[联想拓展]与accurate意义相近的词：correctadj.正确的exactadj.精确的rightadj.正确的[单词积累]accuratelyadv.精确地，精确地accuracyn．精确，精确[即学即练]完成句子①精确地说，有205名记者参会了。________________，205reportersattendedthemeeting.②我们希望在预料地震方面变得更加精确。Wehopetobecome________predictingtheearthquakes.③须要核实这些数据的精确性。Thereisaneedtocheckthe____________ofthesefigures.5.curevt.治愈；治好n．疗法，治疗(教材原句)Currently,there'snocureforAlzheimer's,butscientistsareresearchingwaystoimprovethequalityoflifeforpeoplelivingwiththedisease.目前，还没有治愈阿尔茨海默病的方法，但是科学家们正在探讨改善患有这种疾病的人的生活质量的方法。❶Tomysatisfaction,thismedicinecuredmeofmycold.让我感到满足的是，这种药治好了我的感冒。❷Parentstrytocuretheirchildrenofbadhabits.父母努力订正孩子的不良习惯。❸Thegovernmentistryingtoseekagoodcureforunemployment.政府正在努力找寻解决失业的好方法。[归纳探究](1)curesb.ofsth.治好某人的病；矫正某人的不良行为(2)acureforsth.某疾病的治疗方法Thereisnocurefor...没有方法治愈……[易错辨析]cure强调“治愈”(结果)。treat强调“治疗”(过程)。[即学即练]单句语法填空①Althoughthismedicinecancureyou________yourillness,ithasabadeffectonyou.②Empathycanbeacure________loneliness,sadness,anxiety,andfear.③Withthehelpofmyparentsandteachers,I________(cure)myselfofsomebadlearninghabitsandmadeprogressinmystudy.熟登记列重要短语①todate迄今，到目前为止②dueto由于，归因于③forinstance例如④name...after...以……的名字命名⑤fieldresearch实地探讨⑥makeanadvancetowards在……方面取得进展⑦themajorityof大多数⑧berecognizedas被认为是⑨alongwith与……一道；与……一起现在完成时的被动语态一、语法现象感知①Ihaven'tseenmuchofhimrecently/lately.②Hehasalreadyobtainedascholarship.③Havetheyfoundthemissingchildyet?④Thewatchhasjustbeencleanedandrepaired(bythem).⑤Theimportantproblemhasbeendiscussedfornearlytwoweeks.⑥Thereporthasbeenwrittenbyhimfortwodays.⑦Theexperimenthasbeendonesuccessfully.二、语法规则理解1．①②③句为________时的________语态。现在完成时的主动语态的基本构成为________。2．④⑤⑥⑦句为现在完成时的________语态，现在完成时的被动语态的基本构成为________。3．在现在完成时“have/hasdone”结构中，当主语是第________人称单数时，用has，其他状况则用have。4．依据④⑤⑥⑦句可得出结论：一般而言，当句子的主语与谓语动词构成________关系时，往往用被动语态形式。5．在①②③句中，由于句子的主语与谓语动词之间构成________关系，故采纳现在完成时的主动语态。6．依据以上句子可得知，常与现在完成时搭配的时间状语有______________________，另外，______________________也是现在完成时的时间标记。微点拨（1）现在完成时的基本含义：①过去发生的动作对现在造成肯定的影响。②过去的动作或状态持续到现在并且已经完成。（2）常与现在完成时搭配的时间状语有since，sofar，inthepast/lastfewyears，lately，recently，uptonow/untilnow等。（3）现在完成时的被动语态的构成：have/hasbeendone。现在完成时的被动语态主动语态表示主语为动作的执行者；被动语态表示主语为动作的承受者。现在完成时的被动语态强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或一个动作从过去始终持续到现在但主语为动作的承受者，表示“……已经被……”。现在完成时的被动语态结构是“主语＋has/have＋been＋过去分词”。❶Howlonghasthemachinebeenused?这台机器运用有多久了？❷Thedirtyclotheshavebeenwashed.脏衣服都已经洗了。一、现在完成时的被动语态的含义1．动作已经完成(发生)，强调对现在造成的影响或结果；动作从过去始终持续到现在。2．主语与谓语动词之间为被动/动宾关系。❶Ourclassroomhasbeencleaned.Youneedn'tcleanitnow.我们的教室已经打扫过了，你现在没必要再打扫了。❷Theseflowershavebeenwatered.Youcangohomenow.这些花已经被浇过水了，你现在可以回家了。二、现在完成时的被动语态的几种常规用法1．用于不知道动作执行者是谁时。Hisbikehasbeenstolen.他的自行车被人偷了。(不清晰是被谁偷的)2．用于动作执行者是泛指或不言自明时。Notabookinthelibraryhasbeentakenaway.图书馆里的书没有一本被人拿走。(没人拿书，泛指)3．用于动作的执行者不是人时。Thehousehasbeenwashedawaybythestorm.那栋房子已经被暴风雨冲走了。微点拨现在完成时的标记词：“for＋一段时间”，since，already，ever，yet，sofar，upto/untilnow，inthelast/pastfewyears/days/minutes/months等。三、现在完成时的被动语态的否定和疑问句式1．现在完成时被动语态的否定式由“主语＋have/has＋not＋been＋及物动词的过去分词＋其他成分”构成。Thecarhasnotbeenrepaired.这辆汽车还没有修好。2．现在完成时被动语态的一般疑问式由“Have/Has＋主语＋been＋及物动词的过去分词＋其他成分”构成。—Hasherworkbeenfinished?——她的工作完成了吗？—Yes，ithas.——是的，完成了。—Havethecarsbeenrepaired?——这些汽车修好了吗？—No，theyhaven't.——不，还没有。3．现在完成时被动语态的特别疑问式由“特别疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been＋及物动词的过去分词＋其他成分”构成。❶Howlonghasherworkbeenfinished?她的工作完成多久了？❷Whohasbeenhelpedbythenewcomputer?谁已经得到了这台新计算机的帮助？❸Howmanynewwordshavebeenlearnedbythestudents？这些学生已经学会了多少个新单词？四、现在完成时的被动语态须要留意的问题1．现在完成时的被动语态有两个助动词，即have/has和been，两者缺一不行。2．留意与一般过去时的被动语态的区分：一般过去时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去某个时候，不强调对现在的影响；而现在完成时的被动语态的动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但侧重说明该动作或状态对现在造成的影响和结果。❶Thehousewasbuiltlastyear.这房子是去年建立的。❷Thehousehasbeenbuilt.这房子已经建好了。3．由finish,buy,start,begin,post,return,borrow，join，marry，open等非持续性动词构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语如forfourdays，howlong等连用，若与这些时间状语连用，须要改换动词或时态。译：这本书买了多久了？误：Howlonghasthisbookbeenbought?正：Whenwasthisbookbought？/Howlonghaveyouhadthebook?留意：但这类动词的否定式可表示动作的持续过程，具有持续性，因而可与since或for引导的时间段连用。Nobookshavebeenboughtsincelastweek.自上周以来，没有人来买过书。4．短语动词是一个不行分割的整体，在被动结构中要保持其完整性，不行省略短语动词中的介词或副词。Theorphanhasbeenwelllookedafter.这位孤儿始终受到很好的照看。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Morethan100famousfilms________________(show)inthecitysinceJuly.2．Sinceyourwork________________(finish),youcanhavearestnow.3．Howmanycars________________(produce)inthefactorysince1990?4．Threenewschools________________(open)inourcityinthepastfiveyears.5．It'sthefirsttimethatthecomputer____________(check)sinceIboughtit.6．Greatchanges________(take)placeinmyhometowninthepasttenyears.7．—Wewanttositatthetablenearthewindow.—I'msorry,butit________________(take)already.8．It'ssaidthatthebridge________________(close)forrepairsformonths.9．Ourclassroom________________(clean),youneedn'tcleanitnow.10．Uptonow,I____________(finish)two-thirdsofthework.Ⅱ.短语填空payattentionto,as...as,nameafter,dueto,alongwith，beregardedas,thenumberof,forinstance,cure...of...，beyondrecognition1．Thesedataarenot____________accurate____________thosetakenfromthefieldresearch.2．OntheOriginofSpeciesexplainschangesinspecies____________naturalselection.3．Thepainting____________oneofthemostsignificanthorsepaintingsinthehistoryofChineseart.4．____________thelanguagethatdescribescareersasastronomer,chemistandbiologist.5．Withinthenext80years,ourlivesmaybechanged____________by3Dprinting.6．____________familiesseekingshelterroseby17percent.7．PhillimoreIsland____________itsdiscoverer,SirRobertPhillimore.8．Iwaspreparedtogo____________whateverthemajoritydecided.9．Thesejobsaremoredangerousthantruckdriving,____________，traininglions.10．Tobefrank,ifyoudon'tstopsmokingyoucannot____________thedisease.Ⅲ.将下列句子变为被动语态1．Jack'sbosshasalwayspraisedhimforhisdevotiontowork.→________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．Theprogrammerhasprogrammedtherobotstoactjustlikehumanbeings.→________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3．Theyhaveputthecomputerintoarobot.→________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4．Wehavealreadyfinishedthework.→________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5．Hehasgiventhechildsomeinterestingbooks.→________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6．Havetheyreturnedthebookyet?→________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7．Thetyphoonhasdamagedthebridgesbecauseofitsstrongwind.→________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Ⅳ.完成句子1．他已被选择出来参与运动会。He________________totakepartinthesportsmeeting.2．桥的建立还没有完成。Theconstructionofthebridge____________________________．3．问题还没有解决。Theproblem____________________yet.4．很愧疚，但这些信件还没有被打印出来。I'msorry,buttheletters________________yet.5．这项安排已被探讨了近两个小时。Theplan____________________fornearlytwohours.6．去度带薪假的时间和地点尚未确定。Whenandwheretogofortheon-salaryholiday____________________yet.7．这些男孩们多次被告知不要在那个湖里游泳。Theboys________________manytimesnottoswiminthatlake.8．在你的作业没完成之前你不应当离开学校。Youshouldn'tleaveschoolbeforeyourhomework________________________________．9．在新技术的帮助下，在过去的几年里越来越多的新物质被发觉。Withthehelpofnewtechnology,moreandmorenewsubstances____________________inthepastyears.SectionⅡUsinglanguage要点精研·探究学习1．①beyondrecognition②wasbeyondhim③beyondbelief④beyondcompare2．①sign