北京东城55中新高考英语四模试卷及答案解析

北京东城55中新高考英语四模试卷考生须知：1．全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。2．请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。3．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Forallthefailureofhisbusiness,heremainsoptimisticand________untroubledbyhisproblems.A．hopefully B．seeminglyC．rarely D．frequently2．Themedicineshouldusuallybekeptoutofthe________ofchildrenathome.A．distance B．reachC．limit D．arrival3．Manythoughtthatafterstarringintheimmenselypopulardrama，NirvanainFire，HuGewould________andactivelyseeknewroles．A．makeamountainoutofamolehillB．havetoomanyironsinthefireC．strikewhiletheironishotD．putthecartbeforethehorse4．Aheartylaughrelievesphysicaltension,_____yourmusclesrelaxedforoverhalfanhour.A．toleave B．left C．leaving D．leave5．Differenttastesamongtouristsfromoutsidethemainland________thelistofthecountry'sattractions．A．top B．shape C．lead D．show6．Wehadbetterputoffinterviewingtheathlete,forheisbusypreparingforaninternationalcontest__________inShanghainextmonth.A．held B．toholdC．beingheld D．tobeheld7．—Can'tyoudrivealittlefaster?—No.IfI________anotherspeedingticket,mydadwouldtakeawaymycar.A．wouldget B．wouldhavegot C．hadgot D．got8．Aquickreviewofsuccessesandfailuresattheendofyearwillhelp________youyearahead.A．sharpen B．switchC．stretch D．shape9．We’llgoearly．，wemaynotgetaseat．A．Otherwise B．Meanwhile C．However D．Besides10．Itrainedthismorning,_____actuallydidn’tbothermebecauseIlikewalkingintherain.A．what B．whenC．where D．which11．Thebooksonthedesk,coversareshiny,areprizesforus.A．which B．what C．whose D．that12．Mysonturnedtobookstoresandlibrariesseekinginformationaboutthebookrecommendedbyhisprofessor,but________none.A．wouldfind B．hadfoundC．found D．hasbeenfinding13．Thiswasreturnedbecausetheperson________thisletterwasaddressedhaddiedthreeyearsago.A．towhom B．towhichC．which D．whom14．Why________youchoosetoworkinaremotevillageschoolwhenyoucanownarespectablejobinacity?A．need B．shouldC．must D．will15．—Thankyouverymuchforeverything．You'vebeensohelpful.—__．JustletmeknowifthereisanythingelseIcandoforyou． A．Withpleasure B．Thepleasureismine． C．Pleasedon'tsayso D．No,thanks16．ProfessorWang________inourschooltillnextSunday．A．willhavestayed B．hasstayed C．isstaying D．stayed17．Theboystoodhisheaddown,listeningtohismotherscoldinghimforbreakingthewindows.A．for B．of C．with D．around18．Youcangetoffthebusoneortwostops________andwalktherestofthewaytoworkeverydaysoastotakesomeexercise.A．moreearly B．earliest C．early D．earlier19．Noonebelieveshisreasonsforbeinglatethathewascaughtinatrafficjam,_______madehimembarrassed.A．it B．which C．that D．why20．—Whereonearthhavetheygone?—Ihavenoidea,butIwishI.A．know B．knew C．wouldknow D．wouldhaveknown第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）AbrahamLincoln,aself-taughtlawyer,waselected16thpresidentoftheUnitedStatesinNovember1860,shortlybeforetheoutbreakoftheCivilWar.Lincolnprovedtobeasmartmilitarystrategistandacompetentleader:HisEmancipationProclamation(解放宣言)pavedthewayforslavery’sabolition,whilehisGettysburgAddressstandsasoneofthemostfamousspeechesinAmericanhistory.InApril1865,withtheUniononthebrinkofvictory,AbrahamLincolnwaskilled;hisuntimelydeathmadehimaherotothecauseofliberty,andheiswidelyregardedasoneofthegreatestpresidentsinU.S.history.OnJanuary20,1981,Reagantookoffice.Only69dayslaterhewasshotbyawould-bekiller,butquicklyrecoveredandreturnedtoduty.Hisgraceandwitduringthedangerousincidentcausedhispopularitytosoar.Attheendofhistwotermsinoffice,RonaldReaganviewedwithsatisfactiontheachievementsofhisinnovativeprogramknownastheReaganRevolution,whichaimedtomotivatetheAmericanpeopleandreducetheirrelianceuponGovernment.Hefelthehadfulfilledhiscampaignpledgeof1980torestore“thegreat,confidentroarofAmericanprogressandgrowthandoptimism.”WhenGeorgeW.Bush,attheageof54,becamethe43rdpresidentoftheUnitedStates,itwasonlythesecondtimeinAmericanhistorythatapresident’ssonwentontotheWhiteHouse.JohnQuincyAdams,electedthesixthpresidentin1824,wasthesonofJohnAdams,thesecondpresident.WhileJohnAdamshadbroughtuphissontobepresident.GeorgeBush,the41stpresident,insistedhewassurprisedwhentheeldestofhissixchildrenbecameinterestedinpolitics,becamegovernorofTexas,andthenwentontothewhiteHouse.BarackObamaservedasthe44thPresidentoftheUnitedStates.HisstoryistheAmericanstory—valuesfromtheheartland,amiddle-classupbringinginastrongfamily,hardworkandeducationasthemeansofgettingahead,andthebeliefthatalifesoblessedshouldbelivedinservicetoothers.WithafatherfromKenvaandamotherfromKansas,PresidentObamawasborninHawaiionAugust4,1961.Hewasraisedwithhelpfromhisgrandfather,whoservedinPatton’sarmy,andhisgrandmother,whoworkedherwayupfromthesecretarialpooltomiddlemanagementatabank.1、Ofthefourpresidents,whoisregardedasanexcellentpublicspeaker?A．AbrahamLincoln. B．RonaldReagan.C．GeorgeW.Bush. D．BarackObama.2、WhenDonaldReaganlefttheWhiteHouse,hefeltthat________.A．heregrettedhavingbeenelectedPresidentB．hestillhadmuchtodoforthecountryC．hehadkepthispromisetothepeopleD．hewasbecomingmorepopularwiththepeople3、Whichofthefollowingpresidentstookofficefirst?A．GeorgeWBush. B．JohnAdams.C．JohnQuincyAdams. D．GeorgeBush.4、Ofthefourpresidents,whosuccessfullyrealizedhisAmericanDream?A．AbrahamLincoln. B．RonaldReagan.C．GeorgeW.Bush. D．BarackObama.5、Ofthefourpresidents,whowasnotabletofinishhistermofservice?A．AbrahamLincoln. B．RonaldReagan.C．GeorgeW.Bush. D．BarackObama.22．（8分）ArecentstudyledbyresearchersfromtheNationalUniversityofSingapore(NUS)hasfoundaclearlinkbetweenthecolorofataxianditsaccidentrate.Ananalysisof32monthsofdetailedtaxi,driverandaccidentdatafromtwofleetsofyellowandbluetaxisinSingaporesuggestedthatyellowtaxishavefeweraccidentsthanbluetaxis.Thehighervisibility(能见度)ofyellowmakesitlessdifficultfordriverstoavoidgettingintoaccidentswithyellowtaxis,leadingtoaloweraccidentrate.ThestudywasledbyProfHo.Totestwhethertherewasarelationshipbetweenthecolorofataxiandthenumberofaccidentsthetaxihad,theresearchteamanalyseddatacollectedbythelargesttaxicompanyinSingapore.Theresearchersfoundthatyellowtaxishaveabout2.1feweraccidentsper1,000taxispermonth.Theyalsostudiedtheeconomiceffectofchangingthecoloroftheentirefleetoftaxistoyellow.TheSingaporetaxicompanyinvolvedinthestudyownsabout12,300taxisinaratio(比例)ofoneyellowtothreebluetaxis.Ifacommercialdecisionismadetoswitchfrombluetoyellowtaxis,32.2feweraccidentswilloccurpermonthor913feweraccidentsperyear.Assuminganaveragerepaircostof$1,000percarandadowntimeofsixdays,thecolorofalltaxistoyellowcouldproduceanannualsavingof$2million.“Weareeagertocontinuetovalidate(证实)thefindingsofourstudybylookingattheuseofyellowinothertypesofpublictransport,suchasschoolbuses.Forexample,wehopetocomparetheaccidentratesofyellowschoolbusesagainstthoseofothercolorstofindoutifyellowisindeedasafercolorforschoolbuses.Besides,we’realsointerestedtolookatprivate-hirevehiclesanddoacomparisonoftheaccidentratesofvehiclesthatareofdifferentcolors.”ExplainedProfHo.1、Whydoyellowtaxisresultinfeweraccidents?A．Becauseyellowcanbeseenmoreeasily.B．Becauseyellowsignalsawarningofdanger.C．Becausedriverstendtobemorecarefulinyellowtaxis.D．Becausepeopleactmorequicklyinyellowsurroundings.2、What’sProfHo’sstudybasedon?A．Physicalriskstaxipassengersexperience.B．Theeconomiceffectofchangingtaxicolor.C．DatafromSingapore’slargesttaxicompany.D．Personalreportsfromtaxidriversworldwide.3、WhatdoProfHo’swordsinthelastparagraphsuggest?A．Schoolbusesshouldbepaintedyellow.B．Theirfindingsareworthpopularizing.C．Theirstudywillbefurthered.D．Yellowshouldbewidelyusedinpublictransport.4、Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Caution:yellowtaxisaheadB．SafertorideinyellowtaxisC．Whyareyellowtaxispreferred?D．Howcancolorshelppreventaccidents?23．（8分）HaveyoueverbeentoFrancebefore?Itisnotonlyacountryofgreatfood,fashionandart.It’salsohometothemostinfluentialpaintersintheworld.EdouardManetHewasoneofthefirstartiststopaintmodernlife.Hebegantopaintinhisownstyle,butstillusedsomeofCouture’stechniqueslikethicklinesanddarkcolors.HewasgreatlyinfluencedbyClaudeMonetandBertheMorisot,whichcanbeseeninhisuseoflightshades.MostofhispaintingshadscenesofdailylifeonthestreetsofParis.HisworksincludeOlympiaandTheAbsintheDrinker.CamillePissarroInhisearlyyears,Pissarropaintedscenesofariverorapathfrommemory.AftermeetingClaudeMonetandPaulCezanne,whopaintedinamorerealisticstyle,hechangedhiscoursetoImpressionism.Duringhiscareer,heexperimentedwithvariousstyles,andfinallyformedhisownone.HisworksincludeOldMarketatRouenandSunsetatSt.Charles.VincentvanGoghHehadahugeinfluenceonartinthe20thcentury.Hisearlyworksweremostpaintedinsombertones.However,influencedbyMonet,Pissarro,andBernard,headoptedbrightercolorsinhisworks,andstartedcreatinghisowntechniques.Althoughhehadproducedmorethan2,000worksofart,theartistsoldonlyonepaintingduringhislifetime—RedVineyardatArles.HisworksincludeThePotatoEaters,StarryNightandBedroominArles.ClaudeMonetHewasthefounderoftheImpressionistmovementandcompletelychangedtheFrenchpaintinginthe19thcentury.Althoughhefirststartedbysellingcharcoalcaricatures（木炭讽刺画）inParis,hesoonstartedpaintingwithoilaftermeetingEugeneBoudin,whotaughthimtouseoilpaintsandalsoencouragedhimtopaintoutdoors.Andthenhepaintedwithhisownstyle.HisworksincludeImpression,SunriseandTheWaterLiles.1、WhatcanwelearnaboutEdouardManet’spaintings?A．Theyreflectedthechangesoflife.B．Theyweremainlyaboutdailylife.C．Theywereallpaintedinbrightcolors.D．TheywerepaintedinMorisot’sstyle.2、WhichpaintingwassoldbyVincentvanGoghinperson?A．ThePotatoEaters.B．BedroominArles.C．RedVineyardatArles.D．StarryNight.3、What’sthecommonpointofthefourpaintersfromthetext?A．Allofthemweregivenmanyawardsintheirlife.B．Allofthemweretaughtbysomefamouspainters.C．Allofthemhadagoodtasteindeliciousfood.D．Allofthemhadtheiruniquestylesinpainting.24．（8分）Thinkoftheemptycitiesinzombie(僵尸)movies.Thestreets,theshopsandtheschoolsstilltherejustliketheywouldbeonanormalday,excepttherearenopeopletobeseen.Itistheemptinessthatscaresyou.Nowareal-life"ghostcity"isbeingbuiltintheUS.Butfortunately,ithasnothingtodowithzombies-itisgoingtobeaplacetotestthetechnologyofthefutureCalledCITE-theCenterforInnovation(创新),TestingandEvaluation(测评)-thecityistheideaoftechnologycompanyPegasusGlobalHoldings.Coveringanareaof15squaremiles(39squarekilometers),itisthesizeofasmallUScityandsitsinthemiddleoftheNewMexicodesert.Butwhydoweneedanemptycitythatnobodywillcallhome?Thereasonisthatwecan'taffordtotestthelatesttechnologiesinthecitiesthatwelivein-theymightnotbereadyandcouldcauseproblemsanddangerinoureverydaylives."Itwillbeatruelaboratorywithouttheproblemsandsafetyissuesthatcomewithpeoplelivingthere.Hereyoucanbreakthingsandrunintothings,andgetusedtohowtheywork,beforetakingthemoutintothemarket,PegasusmanagingdirectorRobertBrumleytoldtechnologymagazineWired.Infact,withoutworryingabouthurtingpeople,anybodywithanewideacanasktotestitinthiscity.Justthinkaboutthepossibilities-driverlesscarscanmovefreelyonthestreets,homeswithrobotscanbedesignedandenergysourceslikenuclearpowercanalsobeputtothetest.Asgoodastheideamayseem,however,therearestilldoubtsaboutCITE."Oneofthemostdifficultthingstodowhendevelopingthesenewtechnologiesistohavethemsafelymovearoundpeople,whocansuddenlyjumpoutinfrontofsomething,"ReeseJones,afounderofSingularityUniversity,US,toldFortunemagazine.Jonesisworriedthat,evenifatechnologyworksperfectlywellinCITE,introducingittoarealcitywillstillbeawholedifferentstorybecausetherewillbepeoplelivinginthecity.Butnomatterwhat,perhapsweshouldwaituntilCITEisfinishedin2018.Maybeitwillturnouttoworkjustfine.1、Theemptycityisbeingbuilt_____.A．sopeoplecanexperiencethetechnologyofthefutureB．totrydriverlesscarsandrobotsinC．totestnewtechnologyinD．asaplacefullofthelatesttechnology2、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutCITE?A．ItislocatedbesidetheNewMexicodesert.B．ItwasstartedbySingularityUniversity.C．Thingsinthecitycaneasilybebrokendownandbuiltagain.D．Anyonecanasktotryouttheirnewdesignsthere.3、AccordingtoJones,_______.A．CITEoffersgreatpossibilitiesforfuturetechnologyB．newtechnologieswillworkperfectlywellwiththehelpofCITEC．settingsinCITEshouldberealinordertocreatethebestresultsD．testingresultsinCITEmaynotprovetoworkinarealcity4、Whatisthemainpurposeofthisarticle?A．ToexplainwhyCITEcouldbeveryhelpful.B．ToshowthatCITEhasabrightfuture.C．ToexplainCITEandproblemsitmayhave.D．Toofferagoodsolutionthatwillhelptodevelopfuturetechnologies.25．（10分）Howmanygirlsinthisworldfallbehind?Theanswerishard—toomanytocount.Thisiswhythephrase“GoGetItGirl”poppedupinmyheadoneday.Thiswouldbemyproject.ThusbeginsthejourneyofmyColdAwardproject,thelargestandmostimportantstepofGirlScouts(女童子军).“GoGetItGirl”isagirl’sself-empowerment(自我授权)projectcenteredonawebsitecalled.Itfocusesonareasincludingeducation,health,andfinancialliteracy.Theeducationsectionincludesinformationonapplyingtocollegeand,maintaininggoodgrades.Thehealthsectioncontainsinformationonbasichealthandself-respect.Lastly,thefinancialliteracysectionhasalltheinformationagirlneedstomanagehermoneyproperly.Aspartofmyproject,Iwasabletoworkone-on-onewithgirlsinelementary,middle,andhighschool.Igaveaspeechatalocalhighschool’sCollegeNight.IspoketoHispanicgirlsandtheirparentsaboutapplyingtocollege.Inaddition,IworkedwithanorganizationcalledCoolGirls,Inc.CoolGirlsisanorganizationfocusedontheadvancementofgirlsinallaspectsoftheirdevelopment.Iworkedattheafterschoolprogram,CoolGirlsClub.ThegirlsIworkedwithwereprimarilyminorities,andCoolGirlstrulyhelpsthemtoriseaboveanycurrentdifficultiesintheirlives.Toprovideinspirationforthegirlswhovisit,Iinterviewedsuccessfulwomeninmycommunity,includingadoctorandbusinessowner.Theprojecthasbeenalotofwork,aridit’snotoveryet.Itwillneverbeover,hopefully,becauseIwillalwayslookforwaystohelpgirls.1、603．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“poppedup”inParagraphto)referto?A．tookroot.B．gainedpopularity.C．madeitsway.D．appearedallofasudden.2、605．Whatdoesthewritermainlytellusinthefirstparagraph?A．Whythewriterstarted“GoGetItGirl’.B．Whymanygirlsfallbehind.C．HowGirlScoutsisfounded.D．WhatGirlScoutsrefersto.3、607．Whatcanhelpagirllearnhowtomakebothendsmeet?A．Education.B．CoolGirlsClub.C．Financialliteracy.D．CollegeNight.4、609．Whydidthewriterinterviewsuccessfulwomeninthecommunity?A．TofinishtheGoldAwardprojectassoonaspossible.B．Tooffergoodideastogirlsvisiting.C．Topromotethelocalcommunityconstruction.D．Toseekfinancialsupportfortheproject第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）WhenIwasintheninthgrade,myparentsstartedfighting.Icouldhearthem1ateachotheratnight.Italwaysseemedliketheywerefightingaboutme.Istartedto2andcouldn’tfallasleep.SomenightsIdidn’tfeellikeI3atall.Mygradesreallystartedto4too.ItwashardtopayattentionduringclassbecauseIfeltso5allthetime.Mymomhadtotakemetoseeatherapist(治疗专家).Ontheway,I6toworryevenmore.Whatwouldmyfriends7meiftheyknewIwasgoingtoseeatherapist?Whatifthetherapistcouldn’t8me?Itwasnotthat9Mytherapistaskedmealotofquestionsandthenwetalkedabouthowmylifemight10ifIwasabletogetmoresleep.11Iunderstoodhowthefuturecouldbebetter,Ifeltreally12totrynewthings.Attheendofthesession,Iwassenthomewithapieceofpapercalledasleepdiary.WhenIwokeupeachmorning,Ihadtoanswerallthesequestionsaboutmysleep.13,shegavemehomeworkrelatedtomysleep.Iwasn’t14totextorbeonmycomputerafter8pm.IfIcouldn’tfallasleepafterabouttenminutes,shewantedmetogetupanddosomethinginanotherroomthatwouldhelpmeto15andfeelsleepy.Duringthetherapysessions,shewasacheerleaderformylifeandkept16outallthethingsIwasdoingright.Withherhelp,itwassomucheasiertonoticethe17thingsthatwerehappeningallaroundme.Afterabouttwomonthsofseeingmytherapist,Iwassleepingatleasteighthoursanight,sometimesevennine!Ifelthappier.Icould18Mygradesgotbetter.Basically,Ifeltlikemyself!Itwassomuchbettertoadmitthatsomethingwas19andtodosomethingtofixit20justwatchmywholelifegetworseandworse.1、A．laughing B．shooting C．knocking D．screaming2、A．doubt B．worry C．protest D．quarrel3、A．slept B．ate C．spoke D．dreamed4、A．reduce B．change C．drop D．influence5、A．bored B．tired C．upset D．shy6、A．refused B．happened C．ended D．started7、A．thinkabout B．worryabout C．getonwith D．agreewith8、A．teach B．fix C．answer D．recognize9、A．helpful B．interesting C．awful D．practical10、A．improve B．develop C．benefit D．adjust11、A．If B．Unless C．Though D．Once12、A．nervous B．surprised C．excited D．calm13、A．Therefore B．Besides C．However D．Instead14、A．allowed B．reminded C．asked D．persuaded15、A．study B．relax C．respond D．recover16、A．picking B．trying C．leaving D．pointing17、A．tiny B．exciting C．positive D．important18、A．forgive B．concentrate C．appreciate D．understand19、A．wrong B．significant C．acceptable D．realistic20、A．insteadof B．aswellas C．ratherthan D．otherthan第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）Science,tomanyschool-agedchildren,seems1．(bore)anddifficult.Mostdonotrealizeitis2．(extreme)importantandamazing.BillBryson’sbookAReallyShortHistoryofNearlyEverything3．(cover)manydifferentaspectsofscience,suchaswhathappenedtodinosaurs,whytheoceansaresalty,howheavytheearthis,andachainoflife,genetics,planets,weather,atomsandetc.fromhispointofview,theBigBangwasthestartof4．universeanditonlytooklessthanasecond5．(happen).Filledwithcountlessillustrationsandphotographsthataccompanyfacts6．areshortandto-the-point,thebookgivesaratherdetailedbutshorthistoryofthescienceoftheworld.Foranysciencelover,thebookisperfect.Brysonwritesina7．(humour)manner,butheisveryinformative,Ilovethebook’s8．(organize).Thevocabularyfitsperfectlywiththesubjectmatter,andunfamiliarterms9．(explain)finely.Thisbookhasdoneme,andeverycuriouskidburdenedbyadulltextbookorabrain-deadscienceteacherahugefavor.Itisagreatresource10．aclassroom,homeschoolsetting,orlibrarytouse.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均限一词;2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。WehadanEnglishstory—tellingcompetitiondaybeforeyesterday、Itisrequiredthatalltheentriesbeoriginalandinteresting,andbepresentinginEnglishwithinfiveminutes、Allmyclassmatestookanactivelypartintheactivity、TwoforeignEnglishteacherswereinvitedtoactlikejudges、Intheend,LiPinghadgotthefirstplace、Alltheparticipantssaidtheactivitybenefitedusalotinmanyways、NotonlydiditimprovedtheirspokenEnglish,anditalsobroughtthemmuchfun、Weallhopethatsuchkindsofactivitycanbeheldagain、第二节书面表达（满分25分）29．（25分）假如你是李明，你的美国笔友Jack给你发来email,想在暑假到北京参观旅游,请你根据下列提示，给Jack回邮件。介绍北京（位于中国北部，占地1.641万平方千米，人口约2150万，历史悠久，有许多旅游景点）；向他推荐若干景点并提出可以帮助他预订宾馆；