全国自考2017年04月份00600高级英语历年真题及答案

2017年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

高级英语试卷

(课程代码00600)

本试卷共9页，满分100分，考试时间150分钟。

考生答题注意事项：

1.本卷所有试题必须在答题卡上作答。答在试卷上无效,试卷空白处和背面均可作草稿纸。

2.第一部分为选择题。必须对应试卷上的题号使用2B铅笔将“答题卡''的相应代码涂黑。

3.第二部分为非选择题。必须注明大、小JS号，使用0.5充米黑色字迹签字笔作答。

4.合理安排答题空间，超出答题区域无效。

第一部分选择题

LEachofthefollowingsentencesisgivenfourchoicesofwordsorexpressions.Choose

therightonetocompletethesentenceandwritethecorrespondingletterooyour

AnswerSheet(15points,1pointforeach)

1.SuchaproposalwouldnevergetthroughParliament.

A.popularB.detailedC.reasonableD.radical

2.Hehimselffromhospitalagainsttheadviceofdoctors.

A.removedB.separatedC.dischargedD.liberated

3.Nooneknowswhetherachild'stowardsfatnessisinheritedordueto

thefoodheeats.

A.tendencyB-possibilityC.progressD.movement

4.ThefalloftheBerlinWalltheendoftheColdWarbetweenEastand

West.

A.showedB.explainedC.symbolizedD.announced

5.Ifchildrenweremadetofeeltootherchildren,theirconfidence

declined.

A.closeB.inferiorC.relatedD.indifferent

6.Thefrequentpolicychangesinthecompanyhavecreatedgrowing

amongemployees.

A.distractionB.distrust

C.distinctionD.disposal

7.Howcanyouyourfurcoatandyourloveofanimals?

A.reconcileB.compare

C.comprehendD.recognize

8.WhenIwasyoungand,1believeditwaspossibletochangetheworld.

A.realisticB.indulgent

C・idealisticD.intelligent

9.Ifthegoodsprove,thecustomerhastherighttoclaimcompensation.

A.defectiveB.durable

C.low-pricedD.mass-produced

10.Thegovernmentwasaccusedofmilitaryoperationsagainsttheregime.

A.efficientB.enough

C.successfulD.covert

ILJanesawamassofbodiesroundonthedancefloor

A.runningB.shaking

C.jumpingD.whirling

12.Thisartificialfabrichastheofsilk.

A.statureB.texture

C.signatureD.mixture

13.Davidstillsufferedtheofhavingbeenrejectedforthearmy.

A.evidenceB.experience

C.stigmaD.record

14.Mary'sfatheriswhetherornottoacceptthenewjobthathe'sbeen

offered.

A.meditatingB.expecting

C.challengingD.deliberating

15.Theyaroundinthedark,tryingtofindtheirwayoutofthecinema.

A.fiiDibledB.touredC.sniffedD.turned

Readthefollowingpassagecarefullyandcompletethesucceedingthreeitems,II,III,IV

(1)It'seasytokeepyouragingbrainasnimbleasitwasincollege.Logontoa

websitefullofbraingamesordownloadtherightapps,andwithin20minutes

you'llbedoingyourparttosharpenyourmemoryandslowtheinexorable

declineofyourmentalfunctions.Atleastthat'swhatthecompaniesbehind

thisboomingindustrywouldhaveyoubelieve.Butisittrue?

(2)Concreteproofaboutthebenefitsofbraingamesishardtocomeby,experts

say,whenitcomestomeasurablyimprovingaspectsofmentalfitness,like

havingagoodmemoryorsoundreasoning."Peoplewouldreallyloveto

believeyoucoulddosomethinglikethisandmakeyourbrainbetter,make

yourmindbetter/*saysRandallW.Engle,aprimaryinvestigatoratthe

AttentionandWorkingMemoryLabattheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnology.

“There'sjustnosolidevidence.”

(3)That'snottosaybraingamesarewithoutbenefitExpertssaythesekindsof

mentalexercisescanchangeyourbrain_justnotinawaythatnecessarily

slowsitsaging.Thebrainchangeswithjustabouteverythingyoudo,

includingmentaltrainingexercises.Butnumerousstudieshaveshownthat

braingameslackwhatresearcherscall“transfer,"Inotherwords,repeatinga

2ameoverandoveraqainteachesyouhowI。Haythegameandgetbetterat

itbutnotnecessarilymuchelse.

(4)“It'slike,youwalkthroughfreshsnow,youleaveatrace.Ifyouwalkthe

samerouteagain,thetracegetsdeeperanddeeper,nsaysUrsulaStaudinger,

directoroftheButlerColumbiaAgingCenteratColumbiaUniversity.t4The

自ctthatstructuralchangesoccurfinthebrainldoesoetimplythatinLeneral

thisbrainhasbecomemorecapable.Ithasbecomemorecapableofdoing

exactlythetasksitwaspracticing.”

(5)Brain-gamedesigners,notsurprisingly,disagree.MichaelScanlon,chief

scientificofficeratLumosity,alargebrain-gamecompany,referstoa2007

studyheledassupportforhiscompany'sgettingintothebrain-gamebusiness

inthefirstplace."Ourbasicintentionwasloreleaseaproduclthathelps

peopleinwovecognitiveabilities」hesays.Scanlonsaystheresearch,which

Lumosityfundedandconducted,foundthatonline-basedbraintrainingcan

improvethinking.Thesmallstudyof23peopleisoneofseveralstudies

Lumosityhasperformed,thoughmosthavenotbeenpeer-reviewed.

(6)Asthebrain-gameindustryhasgrown-revenuetopped$1billionin2012and

isprojectedtohit$6billionby2020,accordingtoareportfromneuroscience

market-researchfirmSharpBrains-sohasthecriticism.Morethan70

prominentbrainscientistsandpsychologistssignedawitheringstatementon

thesubjectlastyear.Theopenletter,organizedbytheStanfordCenteron

Longevityandcoveredbymediaoutletsacrosstheworld,arguedthatclaims

onbehalfofbraingamesaboutimprovedcognitionwere"frequently

exaggeratedandattimesmisleading."Thescientistsalsolaidoutcriteriathat

thegameswouldhavetomeett。convincethemoftheirmerit.It'satoughlist.

(7)Still,Staudingerallowsthatbraingamesdohavethebenefitofbeing

firn一whichmaymakethemaworthwhilewayforpeopleofanyagetospend

time.There'snoquestionthatmanyconsumershavebecomedevotedtothem.

Lumosity,whichofferssomegamesfreeandapremiummembershipatacost,

saysitreached50millionmembersin2013.

(8)Theissuemostscientistshavewithpeopleplayingthegamesfrequentlyisthe

opportunitycost:youcouldbedoingsomethingelsethatactuallywould

improveyourcognitiveability.Mostresearchersagreeihattheactivitymost

clearlyproventoslowa^inRinIhebrainisaerobicexercise.Otherfactorsthat

soundscientificresearchhasshowntohelpanagingbrainincludehealthy

dietarychoices,regularmeditationandlearningnewthings.

(9)Asbraingamesevolveandnew,impartialresearchconducted,it'spossible

thatthescientificconsensusabouttheirimpactonthebrainwillchange.But

Engledoesn'tthinkit'slikely."Ineedfairlysubstantialevidencethatit'snot

kindofagimmickJhesays.4Tmascientist?*

II.Inthissection,therearetenincompletestatementsorquestions,followedbyfour

chokesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosethebestanswerandwritethecorresponding

letteronyourAnswerSheet(20points,2pointsforeach)

16.Whatmightbethereasonforsomepeopletochoosebraingames?

A.Itiseasiertoobtainthegamesthaneverbefore.

B.Thequalityofthegamesisrecognizedworldwide.

C.Thedevelopmentofthegameindustryhasbeensuccessful.

D.Theyarcmadetobelievetheagingpreventioneffectsofthegames.

17.Theword“inexorable“inParagraph1means.

A.inevitableB.incidental

C.inconvenientD.inadequate

18.WhichofthefollowingisthemainideaofParagraph2?

A.Peoplearenaiveabouttheeffectsofbraingames.

B.Itispeople'sgreatestconcerntokeepfitmentally.

C・Peoplearemisledaboutthepowerofbraingames.

D.Itisdifliculttoprovethepositiveeffectsofbraingames.

19.WecanlearnfromParagraph3that.

A.braingamesdonotfunctionwellinmentaltraining

B.itisunreasonabletoignorethebenefitsofbraingames

C.thebenefitsofbraingamesmightnotbethesameasbelieved

D.moreauthoritativestudiesonbraingameswillbeconducted

20.Theword“exaggerated“inParagraph6meansu

A.evaluatedconstantlyandpositively

B.madetoseembetterthanitreallyis

C.advertisedcontinuouslytomakeprofits

D.falselydescribedinordertodeceivepeople

21.FromStaudinger'spointofviewinParagraph7,braingamesare___.

A.entertainingB.encouraging

C.challengingD.exciting

22.Toimproveone'scognitiveability,scientistssuggestinParagraph8that

A.thewaysfrequentlychosenarcthebest

B.newwaysshouldbefoundquickly

C.anywayisgoodasfarasitissafe

D.variouswaysshouldbetried

23.Theword“consensus"inParagraph9means.

A.awidelycriticizedconclusionB.agenerallyacceptedopinion

C.aremarkablediscoveryD.asatisfactoryresult

24.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatascientist.

A.mustremainimpartialallthetime

B.oughttobeselflessintheworldtoday

C.canbeconvincedbynothingbutevidence

D.shouldbeopen-mindedaboutnewthings

25.Whichofthefollosingmightbethebesttitleofthispassage?

A.BrainAgingCanBeAvoidedNow.

B.HowtoDealwiththeAgingBrain?

C.BrainGames一BrainAgingKillers.

D.CanBrainGamesKeepMyMindYoung?

第二部分非选择题

I1LTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChineseandwritethetranslationonyour

AnswerSheet(10points,2pointsforeach)

26.Inotherwords,repeatingagameoverandoveragainteachesyouhowtoplay

thegameandgetbetteratitbutnotnecessarilymuchelse.

27.Thefactthatstructuralchangesoccur[inthebrain]doesnotimplythatin

generalthisbrainhasbecomemorecapable.Ithasbecomemorecapableof

doingexactlythetasksitwaspracticing.

28.“Ourbasicintentionwastoreleaseaproductthathelpspeopleimprove

cognitiveabilities/5hesays.

29.Thescientistsalsolaidoutcriteriathatthegameswouldhavetomeetto

convincethemoftheirmerit.Ifsatoughlist

30.Mostresearchersagreethattheactivitymostclearlyproventoslowagingin

thebrainisaerobicexercise.

IVAnswerthefollowingessayquestioninEnglishwithin80-100words.Writeyour

answersontheAnswerSheet.(10points)

31.Whatcanwebenefitfrombraingames?

VThefollowingparagraphsaretakenfromthetextbooks,followedbyalistofwordsor

expressionsmarkedAtoY.Choosetheonethatbestcompleteseachofthesentences

andwritethecorrespondingletteronyourAnswerSheetOnewordorexpression

foreachblankonly.(25points,1pointforeach)

Notamove.Evenherexpressionhadn'tchanged.Herbreaths,however,were

comingfasterandfaster.Thenthe32began.Ihadtodoit.Ihadtohavea

33_cultureforherownprotection.ButfirstItoldthe34thatitwas

entirelyuptothem,I35thedangerbutsaidthatIwouldnotinsistona

throat36solongastheywouldtaketheresponsibility.

Onlytwopeoplesharedher“speciaTseat:afineoldmaninavelvetcoat,his

handsclaspedoverahugecarvedwalking-stick,andabigoldwoman,sitting

upright,witha37ofknittingonherembroideredapron.Theydidnotspeak.

Thiswas38.forMissBrillalwayslooked39totheconversation.She

hadbecomereallyquite40.shethought,atlisteningasthoughshedidn't

41,atsittinginotherpeople'slivesjustforaminutewhiletheytalkedround

her.

Accordingly,Iwasconsideredoneofthe42ones.Myscholarshipto

collegewasaticket.Peopledidnotexpectmeto43.Understandingthis,I

canunderstandthe44inthemindsofthoseinWattswhenIwashomelast

summer,workinginthe45povertyprogram.RumorsspreadquicklythatI

wasaFBI46,IwassuspectbecauseIwasnotsupposedtoreturn.

Whenwhitemenfirsteffectcontactwithsomeunspoiltraceofsavages,theyoffer

them47kindsofbenefits,fromthelightoftheGospelto48pie.

These,however,muchaswemayregretit,mostsavages49with

indiflerence.Whattheyreallyvalueamongthegiftsthatwebringtothemis

intoxicatingliquor,whichenablesthem,forthefirst50intheirlives,to

havetheillusion,forafewbriefmoments,thatitisbettertobe51than

dead.

Attheflowermarketshewalkedupanddowninfrontofthestalls,andsawmore

clearlybecauseofherdecision,soshethought.Shelookedattheflowers.She

lookedatthepeople.Therewasa52atthefartheststand.Thewoman'sface

was53,Butherhandswerebeautiful.Shewas54ababy.Marian

wanted55grandflowers,onlythesoftandtouchable.Sheboughtabig

wheelof56carnations,andsomelittlegentle-petalledprimroseswithshiny

darkgreenleaves.

A.luckyB.receiveC.sadD.pumpkinE.forward

F.explainedG.disappointingH.agentI.aliveJ.time

K.familyL.allM.nursingN.no0.return

P-localQ.listenR-throatS.parentsT.expert

U・puzzlementV.examinationW.redX.battleY.roll

VLTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglishandwritethetranslationonyour

AnswerSheet.(20points,2pointseachfbr57-60,4pointsfor61,8pointsfor62)

57.很简单，电视节目的制作要迎合观众的注意力跨度短这一特点。

58.他迈着小而急促的步子从每个人身边走过，把那张纸条给每个人看，就

像拍卖会上的一名服务员.

59.我得承认，我总是对那些自吹一上床就能睡着的人感到怀疑.

60.我无法确切地说出我的哪些动机最强烈，但我知道哪些值得遵从.

61.美国人爰现，在他们以及亲友被抛入老年行列之前，很难想象年老是什

么样子.衰老是人类生命周期中无人照看的非亲生儿.

62.我并不是说美国人要袖手旁观，等待一个充满怀疑与绝望的短暂阶段自

行消失.在此时此地生活着的美国人有权利获得生活质量的提高，而他

们自己也必须为此付出努力.男女老少晚上不敢上街，他们有时害怕警

察就像害怕罪犯，这二者有时看来就像他们彼此在镜中的影像，这些都

不正常.

绝密★启用前

2017年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

高级英语试题答案及评分参考

(课程代码00600)

I.Choosetherightonetocompletethesentence.(15points,1pointforeach)

1.D2.C3.A4.C5.B

6.B7.A8.C9.A10.D

11.D12.B13.C14.D15.A

11.Choosethebestanswer(20points,2pointsforeach)

16.D17.A18.D19.C20.B

21.A22.D23.B24.C25.D

111.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.(10points,2pointsforeach)

26.换句话说，反复玩一个游戏教会你如何玩游戏以及如何玩得更好，但并非

一定有其他多大好处.

27.大脑发生结构性变化这一事实并不意味着大脑总体上变得能力更强。它只

是变得更有能力儆过去一直在执行的任务。

28.他说：“我们的初衷是要推出一款产品,来帮助人们提高认知能力」

29.科学家们也制定了游戏必须要达到的使他们信服其优点的标准。这些标准

很严格.

30.大多数研究者认为，得到最确切证明能减缓大脑衰老的活动是有氧运动。

IV.AnswerthefollowingessayquestioninEnglishwithin80-100words.(10points)

31.【泮分参考】

(1)内容：6分；语言；4分。

(2)答案结构合理，语言准确，条理清晰，给4分。

(3)每出现两处重大语法错误扣I分.但是扣分不超过2分0

(4)结构不完整，条理不清.扣2分,

(5)少于60洞,扣2分。

(6)完全照抄原文.虽涉及所需全部内容，最多给3分。

高级英语试题答案及评分参考第1页(共2页，