选择性必修第一册 Unit 3　Faster,higher,stronger学案 2025年高考英语外研版（2019）一轮复习教材梳理

Unit3Faster,higher,stronger【Step1题源研读·探寻主题提升思维】DoingTaichihelpsboostmemory,studyfinds研究发现练太极拳有助于提高记忆力Yourkeysaren’tinthespotyouthoughtyouleftthem?Can’trecallthetitleofabook?I’vehadthosemoments.Amidourbusylives,distractionorfatiguemayexplainourforgetfulness.Butinstancesof“brainfreeze”makemerealizeIwanttodoeverythinginmypowertokeepmybrainsharp.There’splentyofevidencethatexercisecanhelpprotectourbodiesandbrains.Andasweage,dailymovementdoesn’tneedtobesuperintense.Infact,anewstudyfindstaichi,aslow-movingformofmartialarts,canhelpslowcognitivedeclineandprotectagainstdementia.Thestudyincludedabout300olderadults,intheirmid-70sonaverage,whohadallreportedthattheirmemorywasnotasgoodasitusedtobe.Aspartofthestudy,alltheparticipantstooka10-minutetest,calledtheMontrealCognitiveAssessment,togaugecognitivefunction.Anormalscoreis26-30.Apersonwhoscoresbetween18and25isconsideredtohavemildimpairment,whichmeanstheydon’thavedementiabutthey’renotassharpastheyusedtobeandmayneedtoworkhardertomaintaineverydayactivities.Theaveragescoreofparticipantsatthestartofthestudywas25.Taichihasbeenshowntoimprovebalance,preventfallsandhelpslowdowncognitivedecline.ThestudyfoundthatpeoplewhopracticedasimplifiedformoftaichicalledTaiJiQuantwiceaweekforaboutsixmonthsimprovedtheirscoreby1.5points.Thisincreasemaynotsoundlikealot,butstudyauthorDr.ElizabethEckstromsays“you’vebasicallygivenyourselfthreeextrayears”ofstavingoffdecline.ThestudyispublishedinAnnalsofInternalMedicine.—(同源高考:2020年新高考全国Ⅱ卷C篇阅读选自本网站)金榜原创1.Whatdidthestudyfind? (C)A.Taichicouldstopthecognitivedecline.B.Taichiimproveddistractionandfatigue.C.Taichiplayedapositiveeffectoncognitivedecline.D.Taichigavethepeoplethreeextrayearsofstavingoffdecline.2.Whatcanbeinferredfromthethirdparagraph? (D)A.Alltheparticipantshadbadmemories.B.Alltheparticipantsweretestedcognitivefunctioninadvance.C.Apersonwhoscoresbetween18and25isconsideredtohavedementia.D.Theaveragescoreofparticipantsatthestartofthestudywaslowerthannormalscore.长难句分析Apersonwhoscoresbetween18and25isconsideredtohavemildimpairment,whichmeanstheydon’thavedementiabutthey’renotassharpastheyusedtobeandmayneedtoworkhardertomaintaineverydayactivities.分析:本句为主从复合句。Apersonisconsidered...为主句,whoscoresbetween18and25为限制性定语从句,先行词为person;whichmeanstheydon’thavedementia...是非限制性定语从句,which指代的是前面的句子;theydon’thavedementia为宾语从句,引导词被省略;assharpastheyusedtobeandmayneedtoworkhardertomaintaineverydayactivities中as...as为连词,引导比较状语从句。翻译:得分在18到25分之间的人被认为有轻度障碍,这意味着他们没有痴呆症,但他们不像以前那么敏锐,可能需要更加努力地维持日常活动。【Step2考点突破·感悟经典运用提升】提示:题干中本单元词汇加波浪线显示【重点单词——巧积词汇】1.associationn.联合;联想;交往;协会,社团【步入经典】单句语法填空①Ialwaysassociatethescenewiththefreezingweatherandamuddyroad.②Welearnthatsomeoftheinjuriesassociated(associate)withrunning,suchasrunners’knee,areuncommonamongracewalkers.③(牛津高阶词典)Thebookwaspublishedinassociation(associate)withEnglishHeritage.(1)associatewithsb.同某人交往;与某人联系beassociatedwith 与……联系起来associate...with... 把……和……联系起来(2)inassociationwith 与……合伙(合作)2.expectationn.预料,预期;期望;盼望(expectvt.期待,期望;预料,预期expectedadj.预期的,预料的unexpectedadj.出乎意料的;意外的)【步入经典】单句语法填空①(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Thecouplehasahighsuccessrateingettingacceptedashousesittersandtheyalwaysgobeyondthehomeowner’sexpectations(expect).②(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)AsItoldmyparentsatdinnerthatfirstnight,itwasallalittlemorehigh-pressurethanIhadexpected(expect).

③Hecametolifeatlast,whichwasreallybeyondexpectation.(1)beyond/outofexpectation出乎意料inexpectationof 预料;期望live/comeuptoone’sexpectations达到某人的预期/期望(2)expectsb./sth.todosth. 预料某人/某物做某事as(mightbe)expected 正如所料3.burstv.突然出现;(使)破裂;爆发;突然发作n.[C]突然破裂;迸发;爆发(过去式burst,过去分词burst)【步入经典】单句语法填空①AudreyHepburnwasseenasanewkindofstarwhensheburstontothescene.②Thewomanburstoutcrying(cry)whenshesawtheterriblescene.③Hearingthis,thelittleboyburstintotears(tear)andaskedhismother,“DidIdoitwrong?Isfathermadatme?”(1)burstonto突然出现在……(指突然成功)burstintoaplace 突然闯入一个地方(2)burstintolaughter/tears/song/cheers/applause 突然笑/哭/唱/欢呼/鼓掌起来burstoutlaughing/crying/singing/cheering/applauding 突然开始笑/哭/唱/欢呼/鼓掌(3)aburstofspeed/applause/laughter速度突然增加/一阵掌声/一阵大笑4.assignv.分配,分派;指派【步入经典】单句语法填空①(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Oneparticipant’sexperienceof“Wesatandlistenedtothewavesatthebeachforawhile”wasassigned(assign)thecategories“sittingatbeach”and“listeningtowaves.”

②Studentsmustreadtheassigned(assign)readingmaterialsandfinishthreepapers,inordertofinishthecourse.③Webelievethetimeandhardworkinvolvedincompletingsuchanassignment(assign)areworthwhile.(1)assignsb.sth.(=assignsth.tosb.)把某物分配给某人assignsb.to(do)sth. 指派某人(做)某事(2)assignment n.(分派的)工作,任务;(工作等的)分派,布置5.sharpenv.(使)提高,改善;(使)变得锋利,变得清晰;使尖锐【步入经典】单句语法填空/完成句子①Inthisway,practisingdayinanddayouthelpedStephensharpen(sharp)hisskills.(教材原句P35)②Ihopethiscoursewillhelpmesharpenmycomputerskill.

我希望这门课程能帮助我提高电脑操作技能。 <写作运用:应用文写作之申请信>(1)sharpenup(使)提高,改善(2)sharp adj.敏锐的;锋利的;(变化)急剧的,猛烈的adv.(指时刻)……整(3)sharply adv.急剧地;严厉地;鲜明地,明显地sharpener n.[C]磨具,削具【核心短语——妙积词块】6.payoff取得成功;还清;得到好结果;付清工资后解雇【步入经典】单句语法填空/完成句子①Aftergraduation,sheworkedtohelphersistersandbrotherspayfortheirschooling.②I’venowpaidoffallmydebts.③Canyoulendmesomemoney?I’llpayyoubacktomorrow.④(牛津高阶词典)Thecrewwerepaidoffassoonastheshipdocked.

船一泊港,船员就被付酬解雇了。(1)payback偿还;报复;回报(2)payfor 付款;为……付出代价(3)payavisitto 参观,拜访(4)payattentionto 注意【误区释疑】payoff表示“成功;奏效”时,是不及物动词短语,无被动语态,且一般用表示事物的词作主语;表示“付清”时,是及物动词短语,用表示人的词作主语,有被动语态。7.carryon继续;坚持;进行【步入经典】单句语法填空/句式升级①Ihateitwhenshecallsmeatwork—Iamalwaystoobusytocarryonaconversationwithher.②Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldcarryoutthenextyear.③Thisbigcaseistooheavytocarryabout.④Sheignoredhimandcarriedonwithherwork.→Sheignoredhim,carryingonwithherwork.(动词-ing短语作状语)

(1)carryonwithsth.(=goonwithsth.)继续某事carryondoingsth.(=goondoingsth.) 继续做某事(2)carryout 开展,实施,执行carryabout 随身携带carrysth.through 成功完成,顺利实现carrysb.through 帮助某人渡过难关8.setout(todosth.)出发,开始做【步入经典】单句语法填空①Ineverreallysetouttochangethegame...(教材原句P36)②(2023·全国乙卷)Oncewefoundtheplace,itwasstressfulgettinglightsandcamerassetupinthelimitedtime.③Wesetouttofindthetruthbehindthemystery.④Youmustsetaboutyourworkatonce.setabout(doing)sth.着手/开始(做)某事setoff 出发,启程,引起,使(炸弹等)爆炸setaside 节省,保留setup 建立,树立setdown 写下,放下setanexampleto 树立榜样setfireto=set...onfire 纵火烧besetin 以……为背景【备选要点】afarcryfrom与……大不相同,相去甚远;(与……)相距很远【步入经典】单句语法填空/写出黑体部分的汉语意思①Hispoorperformancetodayisafarcryfromthatoflastyear.②Thereisnoregretmedicineintheworld.Don’tcryoverspiltmilk.③ThoughDickhastriedhard,itisstillafarcryfromwhathisfatherexpectsofhim. 与……大不相同,相去甚远④WhilewatchingthismovieIjustcouldn’thelpthinkingaboutafriendwho’safarcryfromme. (与……)相距很远(1)allthecry流行,时尚(2)cryoverspiltmilk 作无益的后悔;覆水难收【经典句型——速积表达】9....itwasalongthisroadthatStephen’sgrandfatherbuiltasimplebasketbyattachingapieceofplastictoatelephonepole.

……斯蒂芬的祖父正是沿着这条路,在电线杆上绑上一块塑料,建造了一个简单的篮筐。【步入经典】单句语法填空/完成句子①Itwasthemanagerthat/whoaskedhissecretarytokeephiminformedoftheprogress.

②ItwasnotuntilhetookoffhisdarkglassesthatIrealizedhewasafamoussinger.直到他摘下墨镜,我才意识到他是个著名的歌手。③Itisinthegymthatheoftenplaysbasketballwithhisclassmatesonweekends.

是在体育馆他经常和他的同学在周末打篮球。(1)强调句的基本句型是“Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分”。(2)强调句的一般疑问句是将is/was提前,即:“Is/Wasit...that...”。(3)强调句的特殊疑问句形式,需将陈述句变成一般疑问句,再在句首加上疑问词,即“疑问词(被强调部分)+is/was+it+that+句子其他部分”。10.Despitehisfather’ssuccessfulcareer,Stephenwasthoughtbymanypeople,includinghishighschoolteammatesandcoaches,tobetooshort,toothinandtooweaktofollowinhisfather’sfootsteps.尽管他父亲的事业很成功,但很多人,包括斯蒂芬的高中队友和教练,都认为他太矮小瘦弱,无法继承父亲的事业。

【步入经典】完成句子①Heistooshytogiveaspeech.

他太害羞,不敢做演讲。②Themilkistoohottodrink/tobedrunk.

牛奶太烫了,不能喝。③(牛津高阶词典)Marywillbeonlytoogladtohelp.

玛丽会很乐意帮助。(1)can’t/cannever...too...意为“再……也不过分”。(2)too...to...结构常可转换为“so+adj./adv.+that-clause”结构。(3)在too...to...结构中,若用ready,anxious,eager,glad,willing等形容词,则该结构不表示否定意义。【Step3进阶演练·强化基础素养落实】【基础全面练——练透单元要点】Ⅰ.语境填空——练熟高频词汇1.Radiationmaydamagecellsinawaythatwaspreviously(previous)unforeseen.

2.Ibelievethateachofuscancontributetothefutureoftheworld.3.Wearecalledontocarryonwaragainstpoverty,illiteracyanddisease.

4.It’sabeautifulpainting,butit’safarcryfromgreatart.

5.Aquickreviewofsuccessesandfailuresattheendoftheyearwillhelpsharpen(sharp)youryearahead.6.Infact,theywereshotfrom1914through1916,mostofthemafteradisastrousshipwreck(海难),byacameramanwhohadnoreasonableexpectation(expect)ofsurvival.7.Yousee,abitofrespectandcooperation(cooperate)candothejobbetter.8.Seeing(see)herclassmatesburstintolaughterbecauseofherfoolishmistakes,sheburstoutcrying.

9.Inhumanlife,happinessandmisfortunesareoftenbeyondourexpectations,andanunexpected(expect)blowmayevendriveoneupthewall.

10.Theexhibition(exhibition)wasorganisedbytheschoolinassociation(associate)withlocalartists.Ⅱ.完成句子——活用短语句式1.据说,那部新电影不适合小孩子观看。(Itissaidthat...)Itissaidthatthenewfilmisnotsuitableforlittlechildren.

2.决不向任何困难屈服;继续努力,总有一天你会成功的。Nevergiveintoanydifficulties;keeptryingandyouwillmakeitoneday.

3.如果治疗及时,一些疾病一点也不危险。(过去分词短语作状语)Treatedintime,somediseasesarenotdangerousatall.

4.妈妈在机场向我挥手,眼里含着泪。(with复合结构)Mymotherwavedtomeattheairport,withtearsinhereyes.

5.只有相互倾听和相互理解,孩子和父母之间的问题才能被解决。Itisbylisteningtoandunderstandingeachotherthatproblemsbetweenparentsandchildrencanbesettled.

Ⅲ.教材语篇——课文缩写填空(黑体词是本单元核心词汇)Inthe1980s,theChinesewomen’svolleyballteamburst1.ontotheinternationalvolleyballscenewithseveralmajorworldtitles,andanamazingvictoryovertheUnitedStatesinthefinalofthe1984LosAngelesOlympics.They2.became(become)nationalheroesovernight.TherewasgoldoncemoreatAthensin2004.ButwinninggoldinRiopaintsthemostvividportraitoftheteam’s3.competitive(compete)spirit.InRio,theteamwasassignedtothe“groupofdeath”,4.whereitfacedseveralstrongopponentsinthegroupstagematches.Despite5.reaching(reach)thequarter-finalsasthefourthteaminthegroup,theydidn’tgiveup.Everysinglememberoftheteamgavetheiralltothefight.Their6.perseverance(persevere)paidoffwithanepiccomebackagainstthedefendingchampionBrazilinthequarter-finals.Next,theChineseteamdefeatedtheNetherlandsinthesemi-finalmatches.Atlast,showingastrongwillandthe7.steeliest(steely)nerves,theyplayedaclosematchagainstSerbiatoseizegoldinthefinal.Butfightingspiritalonewasnotenough8.